What is accentuation of character? Classification, factors of formation and decoration with accentuation of character

Individuality, peculiarity, subject and individuality Psychology seems to be able to understand what characterizes the spiritual light of a person, its values, self-awareness, light-heartedness, etc. representative of the species Homo sapiens. How individuals differ in the same way

Individual, peculiarity, subject, individuality An individual is a single representative of the species Homo sapiens. As individuals, people differ from one another by morphological features and psychological powers.

The accentuation behind the pitch conveys an increased level of expression of the singing boundary. This particularity of rice, in this way, becomes accentuated. Accentuation is, in fact, the individual risks themselves, but they may tend to become pathological.

The accentuated features contain both the possibility of socially positive achievements and a socially negative charge. Such accentuated individuals appear before us in a negative light, the fragments of their living environment are not hidden to them, but it is entirely possible that under the infusion of other furnishings they would become indifferent people. Let's take a look at the actions of these people in the report.

Stuck individuals. The basis of the stuck-up, paranoid type of accentuation is the peculiarity pathological resistance to affect

It seems that these strong reactions are about to subside after the reactions are “given free rein”: the anger of an angry person is extinguished, since it is possible to punish the one who has angered or disturbed him; The fear of a fearful person disappears as soon as the fear is put away. In these episodes, if an adequate reaction seems to have not occurred, the effect is felt much more intensely, but nevertheless, as the individual’s thoughts escalate to other topics, then normally the effect goes away after about an hour. It turns out that the angry person could not react to the unpleasant situation, in word and deed, but it is not turned off that even the next day she will not suffer from strong irritation against the perpetrator; The fear of a person who has not given in to the situation that instills fear, nevertheless, after a dozen hours one feels overcome with fear. In the case that sticks, the picture is different: the effect is felt much more intensely, and it is difficult to turn your mind to what was going on, as it was unexpectedly coming to life and accompanied by stressful emotions. The effect of such an individual lingers for a long time, although no new experiences activate it.

As has already been said, pathological people will be threatened with death hisistic affects, The fragments themselves have a special power. The axis of why the stuck effect is most clearly revealed when the particular interests of the accentuated particularity come into contact. The effect in these episodes is indicative of damaged pride, entrenched self-love, as well as various forms of strangulation, although objective moral struggles may be worthless. Images of special interests, as a rule, are never forgotten by compelling peculiarities, which is why they are often characterized as vindictive or else vengeful people. In addition, they are called sensitive, very quick-tempered, easy-to-spill people. We always have images of self-love, a sphere of enshrined pride and honor.

The risks of getting stuck appear not only in the presence of a particular problem, but also in the event of success. Here we are often careful to show thoughtfulness, self-confidence. Ambition- is especially characteristic, especially because of the over-the-top persistence of the effect: ambition is accompanied by self-esteem, and such people never want enough.

The fragments have gone beyond his istical goals to resemble people, then they are at a high level of stuckness, then. in individuals of the paranoid type, such a characteristic of rice is avoided, as suspicion. The person is very sensitive, constantly suffers from the obvious “bad image” of herself, and so she loses trust in people, like a person who is objectively grounded in distrust. And even suspicion is completely limited, for example, in a jealous person who is truly deceived. But at that hour, as the vigilance has been justified, the suspicion of the individual, which is stuck, is of an all-smelling nature, the fragments of sickness of suspicion are generated not by the singing of the external circumstances, but by rooting in the psyche itself. Therefore, one can only talk about suspicion as the power of the psyche because of the obviousness of the deep-rooted distrust that is expanding in any area and area.

The repetition of several episodes of the same type can serve as a trigger for the development of a paranoid development, but it would be wrong to explain beyond the description of such episodes.

The steadily growing effect is followed by the appearance of the described increasingly trivial exchange of successes and failures. It is clear that it is possible to properly respond to the image, but its success will be less frequent, as long as there will be a new fall behind it again. Such constant change satisfies new lesions and leads to the emergence of a paranoid effect. A similar development can occur in the context of the described changes of mind in individuals who are not disturbed by stuck affects. Such a situation often occurs when, say, the “fight” between the daughter-in-law and the mother-in-law can lead to the possible development of a typically paranoid reaction. In this case, the effect itself becomes immeasurably stronger, even if you call him.

Affects that reach great strength and show a tendency to become stuck, gradually fade the thoughts of the sick person more and more, which leads to guilt. superiors or tell lighthouse, paranoid ideas.

In the sphere of psychiatry, we anticipate this kind of development in the lighthouse order just ahead of the connection with jealousy. In the field of eroticism, more than in all others, people constantly worry between hope and fear, through which the effect will all intensify. It is important to judge what kind of love you show in the dungeon, so it is important to judge those who are not happy. It is worth noting that flirtatious women often deliberately tease their partner with double behavior in order to suffer from jealousy, because it is clear that jealousy will intensify love.

Humans can also “tear into pieces” the erotic spheres call the ship. The stinks mercilessly wind the banner as the sky disperses, now rising to the top, now plummeting down. Once the effect is reached, it reaches the deepest point and the thoughts settle down, so that there is no space left for reason. The whole “way” calls for strong effects, and people are constantly in the grip of super-intelligent developments: either the outcome of the conflict, which is losing the process, or the hope, which is still winning. However, if the right does not go to such extremes, people are paranoid and can simply restrain themselves, respecting themselves with the right, wanting to tell the facts about the patient. In such situations, we can deal with the individual, who is inflexible, who cannot tolerate anything, and stubbornly insists on his own. The most important rice restlessness often appear in people and everyday life.

At expansive-paranoic The development of illness in the foreground also has an effect. For a person who has set herself a great goal and who constantly “hits” between success and fiasco, the goal itself begins to harbor a magical attraction that does not tolerate objective critical assessment. During the development of such a psychosis, a person, for example, may see himself as a great winemaker, although he would like to objectively say nothing about it.

Ideas that stem from a paranoid development often do not linger in the madder, but the stench looms before supra, tobto. completely rejuvenating thoughts of people. For example, a person in such a world may be buried in thoughts about her inferiority, which appeared in her on the basis of jealousy, or with her idea of ​​grandiose achievements that all other interests and goals are not for her whine. This behavior is characteristic of rice, such as stubbornness and paranoid specialness.

The type of peculiarity is also stuck because it nevertheless conceals the possibility of positive, so i negative development of character. Apparently, people in this type of situation are less able to achieve respect for authority because they are likely to achieve positive results that are seen differently from others. Therefore, an ambitious person must not achieve high performance in any form of activity.

In this way, ambition can become an important destructive force in the way of outstanding labor and creative displays. However, ambition can also turn out to be a negative factor, for example, if an ambitious person unceremoniously strangles and pushes out his colleague, who will become a competitor. In such situations, the ambitious person is desperate to protest the hugeness, and the outcome can be twofold: either he will come to you and again try to achieve self-recognition in practice, or he will overcome the other peculiarity of such a peculiarity - and suspicion, witchcraft.

Awake individuals. There are very good character traits that develop due to the lack of keratinity. It appears that the most important factors in a person’s life and behavior are often discretion, not the logical respect of one’s priorities, but urges, instincts, and uncontrolled spontaneity. Those who are prompted by reason do not take it to the level of respect.

The very concept of craving can be interpreted in a more formalized manner, taking into account the new, important, importance of discharging the larger world of physical, lower moral (spiritual) power. The axis why in such situations we can talk about pathological control of cravings. When the reaction stage of this type is advanced, we reach epileptoid psychopathy, although there is no direct connection with epilepsy. Perhaps, in this case, there seems to be a similarity between the mental makeup of the patient and epilepsy, but there is no internal contradiction whatsoever.

The reactions of awakened individuals are impulsive. Because it is not appropriate for them, they do not even think about the possibility of reconciliation, they do not have the tolerance of others. However, both in facial expressions and in the words of the stench, give vent to frustration, openly declare your capabilities, or the anger will be removed. As a result, such individuals, from any source, begin to clash with their superiors and security officers, be rude, aggressively squabble at work, submit applications for liberation, without acknowledging possible heirs. The reasons for dissatisfaction may appear varied: it is not appropriate for them to be involved in this business, the salary is low, or their work process is not controlled. Only in several instances we talk about the severity of the task itself, because awakened peculiarities, therefore, may have the skill to engage in physical work and can boast here of superior, less than other people, displays. It is often not so much the tension of work that matters, but rather the moments of organization. Beware of systematic rubbing The place of work changes frequently.

The world is growing rot Features with increased restlessness from the word, make sure to move to “right”, then. to assault. It turns out that the assault of the most active people comes before the words, since such people are eager to exchange thoughts, so as not to respect good likes. Even the exchange of thoughts is equivalent to the exchange of thoughts, and the level of thought of such people is low. But the stench is not felt by the explained – and even the reason for the anger has become so clear. And yet you can’t say that the actions of these impulsive people are unusual, as if they were hiding their growth, gradually growing stronger and searching for an exit, discharge. Even its slowness, its greatness, as we say below, is absurd due to the rapidity of the reaction. Beware of a more over-the-top buildup of the effect that is lower in your sleep, so rapt’s bulges of anger are less characteristic of such people, who are more typical for their masonic manifestations.

Impulsivity of a pathological nature in this particular category also relates to the pull of a narrow-meaning word. Restless individuals eat and drink everything in a row, indiscriminately, many of them become chronic alcoholics. If you want to drink, you don’t have to think about the dangers of rapt’s hot drink and spoilage for official prestige, for family life, and health. Among chronic alcoholics you can find many restless characteristics.

Manifest them impulsively in the sexual sphere, but people don’t even get the hang of it, because the stench, being overwhelming due to state needs, is often a difficult time not to change a partner, moreover, to get the hang of it pinch. However, there is no need to rely on fidelity, simply because of this the woman’s instinct is more satisfied. Since such people are lusting after another woman, they follow him without hesitation. They are indiscriminate in social relations, especially in their youth, and often become the fathers of rich, loving children. Wives are also often wary of the steeliness of their chosen partner; in summer wives, in a similar way, trival conditions of the relationship are often established. However, restless individuals - young girls, as well as epileptoid psychopaths in their youth often experience a reduction in moral standards and easily fall in love with rich people. Acts of epileptoid psychopaths enter the streets of prostitution.

After all, moral failures in the life of restless individuals do not play a significant role. For “friendly” furnishings, it’s not uncommon to pay for dishonest ingredients, for example, take those that are “bad to lie down.” The criminal misdeeds of epileptoid psychopaths are most often associated with gross acts of violence. Young people should beware of attacks on girls.

The restless peculiarities of both articles in youth often Impulse chases at home. Often there is no moisture in the house, and the easiest way out is for them to flow in, sever any connection from the alarm. There is a way to disappear at any time of school, and what happens next is of no importance to them. A girl under the hour of such ordeals, spending heavy labor, often starts having sexual intercourse with men. Boys act evil either in order to make money, or simply to spend the night in jokes.

Characteristic features are observed in law-breaking offenders of the analyzed category of idiosyncrasies. Often, evil is created by them on the basis of an unnatural instinct. Therefore, their illegal actions are not entirely normal. Wanting to be restless, which has inflicted gross violence, is often characterized as heartless, soulless, and the cause of evil is respected gluttony, such an assessment reflects the irrationality of these people. Acts of stench violence are not caused by callousness, but by affective tension (stress). In a calm state, people show affection, talk about their children, love animals, and are often ready to help in any way. This good thing, according to the social order, smells just as much as dirt does not smell galvania. Prote social obligations of great order - they are the basis of someone else's understanding. They don’t inform you that you can’t skip classes, that you can’t get incredibly drunk, that you can miss one day at work except for the very important reason that the worker is guilty of reporting to the boss.

The similarity of the manifestations of epileptoid psychopathy with changes in the nature of the epileptic order also appears in importance of thoughts. In awakened individuals, an increase in mental processes is noted. It is difficult to understand other people's thoughts, but you often have to go into lengthy and detailed explanations in order to properly understand them. It is especially difficult for a person to become complacent if he or she needs to spend a little time thinking about the issue. When asking the simplest nutrition, you have to wait a long time for confirmation. If you can give such people the ability to speak without interrupting them, then conscientiousness appears in supermundane groundiness. They tell you about various details, “smear” them, but you still have to “guide” them to the information in essence.

The intellectual greatness of epileptoid psychopaths can, as a rule, be recognized in the simplest form, but is especially clear when tested using the method of testing the intellectual level. So it’s very difficult to deal with the greatness of thoughts and the breakdown in productivity. The tried and tested person, using a stretch of 3 steps, can name the most objects. A normal person is no less than 60; understand, an epileptoid psychopath is clearly different.

More or less clearly visible signs of restless idiosyncrasy can be smoothed out by the presence of natural intelligence, against the surface, in order to remove the destructive power of instinct. Decisions that impulsive people make in a normal state, “with a healthy mind,” the onset of emotional arousal can be avoided forever. It is especially useful in restless children. You can report any fuss, hesitate to the point of recklessness, or carry out planned tactics in an impossible way - and yet it is impossible to overstep the manifestation of impulsive reactions. In each case, due to the appearance of accentuation, the flow of the other one ceases to be so difficult to achieve. Possibly, this is achieved through the fact that the very sphere of instincts, which generates impulses, becomes inaccessible to superior approaches. However, in mature individuals, they should be careful not to lose color. For all the spontaneity and “sleep” of everyday life, these people have enough self-control to avoid recklessness. And self-control is especially important for non-emergency, acute affective stress.

The dangers of epileptic psychopaths and epileptics are avoided only in the psyche. They often indicate athletic stature. Experiencing great physical strength, awakened specialties of the affect can become “ferociously fierce” - and even under the influx of the affect, physical strength grows.

Epileptoid malignancies are often recognized as “baby” during medical examination. These principles must be straightforward: coming from the cruelty that has been the result of evil, to break the rules that mean the elimination of normal human sensibilities. This hostility will intensify even more if the epileptoid reacts dissatisfiedly to experience and irritation, as if it were to demonstrate deep discord. In such episodes, you need to know the approach - only then will you be able to lift the veil over the emotional life of the patient, since these primitive features of the epileptoid type often fall out Ilyanka develops the psyche, which has ethical norms. This is a phylogenetically new sphere of the human psyche, on a level with such reasonableness there arises a panic over instincts and uncontrolled spontaneities, in such peculiarities there is no excuse.

Accentuations (from the Latin “accentus”, literally) in modern science are those characteristics of character in particular, which must be clearly expressed and hypertrophied within the boundaries of the norm. These particularities do not go beyond the boundaries of accepted norms, but at the same time they inevitably affect the ability of people to resist various psychogenic surges. Accented individuals show resistance to the influence of other factors, being at the same time extremely susceptible to the influx of other factors. Current science does not extend accentuation of specialness to pathological disorders, but the behavior of an accentuated person may require specialized help from a psychiatrist, psychologist, or psychotherapist.

Characteristics of accentuated features

Accented features are characterized by three main characteristics: expansion to all areas of life, stability and steeliness over time (over the course of life), as well as increased diversity, which can lead to difficulty in self-realization and life. Social influences. In contrast to specific disorders (psychopathies), accentuated characteristics result in more differentiated behavior in society, which allows them to more easily adapt to marriage .

People with pronounced accentuation are especially likely to experience psychogenic surges, otherwise they operate within the clinical norm, but they also occur in situations that trigger their exacerbations.

Accentuations, as a rule, tend to be powerful during the course of a busy life stage (especially when escaping unpleasant situations) and can subside over time.

Accented individuals may experience short-term periods of social disadaptation, which will end after the onset of the psychogenic influx and without epidemiological treatment. This accentuation of character can be seen as a provocative agent in the development of severe mental illnesses, especially with this accentuation, which requires the treatment of psychiatrists, psychologists and psychotherapists.

Zriv (decompensation) in accentuated individuals

With decompensation, accentuated individuals may have the following types of mental disorders.

1. Demonstrative (steroidal) type.

Such individuals are most often wary of conversion reactions (the transformation of an intense mental conflict into somatic symptoms) such as:

• pseudoparalysis of one or two ends, although there is no organic pathology of the ends,
• Difficulty in breathing function, if a person suffocates and “cannot breathe”, and when taking calming measures, the attack passes (here it is necessary to differentiate from bronchial asthma or obstructive bronchitis, if breathing is difficult є when I see it),
• vomiting may also be a manifestation of a conversion reaction,
• You will feel a coma in the throat due to ENT pathology.

It is impossible to describe all the different types of conversion syndromes. Perhaps some picture of illness can be seen in the appearance of a conversion reaction.

Therefore, steroid individuals often treat somatic doctors and treat “paralysis” among neuropathologists, bronchial asthma or obstructive bronchitis, mild vomiting, and ENT doctors as a common pathologist. I have a sore throat.

1. Hyperthymic type

Individuals with an accentuation of the hypertensive type are most often wary of emotional discord, low mood, depression, which can significantly depress their mood and reduce their productivity.

1. Cycloid type

When people decompensate due to accentuation, they are wary of changes in mood, which periodically lead to social decompensation. In the hyperthermic phase, these people are extremely active, friendly and open-minded, but they may not follow through on the right to the end, then business interests and household interests may not end. In the depressive phase, people become gloomy, tired, and lack the strength to carry on with primary activities. And the symptoms of depression in the form of poor sleep, difficulty concentrating and absorbing new information, anxiety, and pain symptoms significantly destroy the bitterness of life.

1. Psychosthenic type

During decompensation in people with this type of accentuation, they are often wary of intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and actions (compulsions), because they are not likely to come back on their own without special help.

1. Schizoid type

These individuals may be wary of systematized monothematic paranoid ideas, which most often have the nature of re-examination, guilt, jealousy, high-mindedness, hypochondriacal ideas, reformism, eroticism and litigiousness (to verulantsky) character.

1. Asthenic type

With decompensation in these accentuators, asthenia of the hyposthenic type (hyposthenic weakness, bloatiness, nausea) and hypersthenic type (increased irritability and fieryness) is observed, which significantly worsens the brush of life and the possibility of emergency activity.

1. Sensitive type

Decompensation is manifested by obsessive (obsessions) and various fears (phobias), which require psychiatric and psychotherapeutic treatment.

1. Epileptoid (restless) type

When decompensated, these accentuators are wary of dysphoria, if they are wary of a frown, twitchiness, a sense of greediness to become absent, and often affective sleep, typically displaying aggression, which can lead to antisocial other behavior.

1. Emotionally labile type

Beware of dysphoric behavior with frowning and unmotivated twitchiness, but without expressed aggression, which disrupts communicative processes and can lead to social disadaptation.

1. Unstable type

As a factor of risk and decompensation for such people, it is necessary to take into account the addiction to drugs and alcohol, as well as delinquent (anti-adherent) behavior.

1. Conformal type

These people are the least pleasing, subservient to someone else’s Duma. As a rule, decompensation of such individuals is practically not to blame.

Accentuated (hypertrophied) characteristics of particularities appear on emotional and behavioral levels due to the presence of unpleasant situations, but do not become the cause of further disadaptation. If disadaptation in psychologically traumatic living conditions still arises and manifests itself in the form of new mental disorders that require specialized treatment, that’s the way out! Qualified assistance from a qualified psychiatrist, psychologist and psychotherapist will help you deal with mental disorders and return to a comfortable state that was previously.

Character (Greek - Sign, sign of power, sign of rice, rice, sign or friend) - the structure of stable, stable mental powers that indicate the peculiarities of personality and behavior.

If we talk about character, then expect that such a combination of powers and peculiarities of specialness looms under our authority, as they put a special stamp on everything they do. It is up to character to establish these essential powers of people, which indicate a different way of behavior, a way of living. Statics of character is determined by the type of nervous activity, while dynamics is determined by the type of nervous activity.

Character is understood as:

a system of persistent motives and methods of behavior that create a behavioral type of specialness;

the world of the importance of internal and external worlds, the peculiarities of individual adaptation to maximum efficiency;

The importance of the typical behavior of a person's skin is clearly expressed.

Accentuation of character

The concept of “accentuation” was first invented by the German psychiatrist and psychologist Karl Leonhard.

Viznachennya. Accentuation is a disharmony in the development of character, which is manifested in the supernatural expression of the surrounding parts of the figure or the floor, which implies a shift in the specificity of the singing kind of infusions and complex adaptation in certain specific situations.

Accentuation is not a disease, not a pathology, not a psychopathy, but an extreme expression of the norm. This hardening of any individual figure, which can lead to pathology - psychopathy.

Vidomy Radyansky psychiatrist P. B. Gannushkin formulated three criteria for psychopathy:

1. Stability over time. The character can be regarded as pathological, and may be regarded as psychopathy, since it is stable over time (it changes little over the course of life).

2. I will show totality in character. In psychopathy, the same character traits appear to be important in all areas of a person’s life: at work, at home, hanging out with friends and relatives, etc.

3. Social disadaptation. People are constantly overwhelmed by life's difficulties. Moreover, these difficulties are felt both by himself and by the people who feel away from him.

Any accentuation of character may show signs of psychopathy or, at the very least, if all three signs are present at once.

The prevalence of the first sign is revealed in the fact that the accentuation of character is manifested only at other stages of development of specialness. Most often, it is formed when it is aged, and when mature it is smoothed out.

The presence of other signs means that the signs of an accentuated character appear in any situation, especially in particular minds. In this case, it should be noted that the selected pouring of rice, with the character of a richly mellow type of pouring, can often be eaten with hot water and lead to an increased stability of this rice until further pourings.

Social disadaptation with accentuation is either permanent, or it can be of a temporary, non-trivial nature. Difficulties in adapting to the peculiarities of certain specific situations due to the distinct accentuations of character can be combined with good and advanced qualities to social adaptation of other situations.

Types of accentuation of character

It is important to differentiate between obvious and latent accentuations at different stages of expression. Explicit accentuations usually appear gradually; when accentuations occur, the sharpness of the character does not appear until the peculiarity is lost in extreme minds. In our minds, accentuations are transformed into explicit ones. In people who are hostile to the special character, accentuation of character can lead to pathological changes in the special character - psychopathy.

Based on this theory of accentuation, various classifications were created for character. The greatest popularity was achieved by the classifications of K. Leonhard and A. E. Lichko.

Classification of accentuation of character (after K. Leonhard)

Demonstrative type. The main feature of demonstrative peculiarity is the need to cope with hostility, gain respect, and be at the center of the stage. This manifests itself in huffing, often in a huffy manner, behavior, staring, in such actions as self-praise, acceptance and presentation of oneself as the central character of any situation. Much of what such a person says about herself often appears to be the fruit of her imagination or, therefore, embellished with her imagination.

Pedantic type. The outer manifestations of this include neatness, respect for order, carelessness and care. The first thing you need to do is to create such a person, for a long time and definitely everything will fade away. Behind the external pedantry is the need for quick changes and the lack of knowledge before them, the lack of practicality. These people love their work, they are sad in their lives.

Stuck type. The type of peculiarity that is stuck is characterized by a high persistence of the effect, triviality of emotional stress, worry. Images of special interests and usefulness, as a rule, are not forgotten for a long time and are never forgiven just like that. In connection with this, people often characterize its representatives as vindictive, vindictive and vengeful people. The triviality of experience is often combined with fantasies and plans to take revenge on the crook.

Busy type. The peculiarity of restlessness is the impulsiveness of behavior. The manner of thinking and behavior largely lies not in the rational understanding of one’s intentions, but rather in impulse, craving, instinct and uncontrolled spontaneity. In the sphere of social interaction, its representatives are characterized by extremely low tolerance.

Hyperthymic type. A notable feature of the hyperthymic type is the constant change in the given mood regardless of any external reasons for it. The present mood is associated with high activity and thirsty activity. Hyperthymic people are characterized by such qualities as comradeliness, increased self-discipline, and an optimistic outlook on life. Difficulties are often dealt with without much force.

Dysthymic type. Dysthymic feature - duration of hyperthymic. Dysthymics are concentrated on the gloomy, dull sides of life. This manifests itself in everything: in behavior, in sleep, and in the peculiarities of life, the behavior of other people (socio-perceptual characteristics). Even if people demand that they be serious, they have no power over activity.

Affective-labile type (cyclothymic type). An important feature of the cyclothymic type is the change in hyperthymic and dysthymic conditions. Such changes are frequent and systematic. In the hyperthymic phase, cyclothymics with joyful moods respond not only to joyful emotions, but also to immediate activity, increased activity. In the dysthymic phase, the stench sounds like embarrassment and depression. This is characterized by an increase in reaction, thoughts, and emotional output.

Affective-exaltation type (exaltation type). The main feature of the exalted feature is a boisterous (exalted) reaction to those that are expected. The stench is easily smothered by joyful liquids and falls into something dull. They are disturbed by the extreme spillage, no matter what the fact. Whoever has an internal flow and a knack for experiencing the same behavior is clearly external.

Anxious type. The main feature of which is anxiety related to possible failures, restlessness and the share of loved ones, whose objective reasons for such restlessness are, of course, no small stench. There may be fearfulness, but also complacency. Constant wariness of surroundings is combined with a lack of confidence in one’s own strengths.

Emotive type. The main characteristic of an emotive individual is high sensitivity. Characteristic qualities such as soft-heartedness, kindness, sincerity, emotional sensitivity, high empathy, increased tearfulness (as they usually say, “eyes on a wet spot”).

Extraversion type. Such a person easily succumbs to a surge of exasperation, constantly searching for new experiences. The thoughts of such people do not show stability, and the fragments of new thoughts discovered by others are easily accepted and are not internally transformed. A characteristic feature is the impulsiveness of the leaders.

Introverted type. Which is characterized by reliance on one’s life evidence. This type is not adaptable to the influx of different situations. The step of the inner light is to bring a person to the point of real activity. Characteristic is an increased weakness to thought and a weak readiness to take action.

Structure of character What matters is the structure of a person's character - therefore, to see the main components of character and power and to establish in their minds the specific characteristics of that relationship and their interaction. The structure of a molded character can be seen to have two sides: place and form. In place of the rice, which expresses the directness of the specificity (persistence of needs, attitudes, interests, passions, ideals, goals), the system of connections to maximum efficiency and individually days of methods for making these drains. Instead of the character of the first plane, there may be one or another component depending on the way of life, the influxes and the possibility of excessive activity. This particular directness of particularity imposes a pattern on all human behavior, although it is indicated by a whole system of connections. In different forms, character is expressed by methods of manifestation, entrenched emotional-volitional characteristics of behavior, and temperament. People fight each other, by their nicknames, by their manner of behavior. Intellectual, volitional and emotional traits of character are brought to form. “The system has a lot of features that show several groups of characters that create symptom complexes. Snmptomocomilexi – systems of mutually interconnected psychic powers. 1. Risks that characterize a person’s position before other people, before a team, before marriage (comradely sensitivity, respect for other people and related risks - isolation, callousness, callousness, rudeness, lack of respect for people). 2. Figures that show the goals of people to this day (priority, agility to creativity, complexity of creativity, initiative, persistence and persistence of rice - laziness, agility to routine ї robots, dishonesty, lack of reliability, passivity). 3. Figures that show how a person puts himself before himself (sense of impudence, pride, self-criticism, modesty and their predecessors - arrogance, impudence, marnoslavism, arrogance, irritability, arrogance, m, egocentrism). 4. Figures that characterize a person’s attitude to speeches (accuracy and informality, adequacy and great care in speeches).” “Dependently, a person’s different natural character reveals different behavioral risks. The quantity of this rice is great. You can also determine the main groups and see the character. They include: a) moral (sensitivity, respect, delicacy); b) volitional (fieryness, partiality, tenderness); c) emotional (resilience, tenacity, firmness). It is more clearly possible to identify the main synthetic power of a positive nature. “Among them the following can be seen: - Moral development of character. Vaughn characterizes a person in terms of directness and form of behavior. - Full of character. It is important to note the diversity of activity and destruction of people, the diversity of activities of such people is divided by internal wealth and activity. - Integrity of character. The totality of a person’s mental make-up, the usefulness of their work to all aspects of action, the presence of supernatural interests in their interests, the integrity of words and actions. - Importance of character. It is revealed in the stability of behavior, which always demonstrates the formation of transformations, moral and political manifestations and concepts, basic directness, which creates a sense of life and activity of particularity. About such a person one can say from afar how he behaves in these and other minds of life. – Strength of character. This is the energy with which a person reconsiders setting goals for himself, this is the ability to passionately splutter and develop great tension in forces when dealing with difficulties and problems, in order to overcome them. - strength of character. It is manifested in the consistency of actions and the commitment of a person, in the knowledgeable views and decisions made. - importance of character. What is most optimal for activity and interaction with people is consistency and activity, and consistency of behavior is achieved.” Those with a character assigned to power tend to have a flexible, sometimes super-satisfied, relationship. All this power is not a natural gift, but the result of life’s infusions, inspiration and self-inspiration. However, self-esteem is based on a similar motivation, which is based on mental processes and conditions. Moreover, character is the totality of individually-specific powers of a particularity, which are indicated by its roots and are manifested in the typical methods of activity for a given particularity. The character of a skinned person requires the unity of stable and dynamic powers. “Character can be masked by one of the congenital manifestations, emphasized by others, or galvanized by others for the creation and appreciation of new reflex connections.” Also, from a natural point of view, the character is a fusion of the type of nervous activity and living enemies that are consolidated in the form of the first time-clock nerve ligaments in the cerebral cortex. Character is a reflection of all the complexities of life’s enemies, and is formed through the process of active interaction between the characteristics and the middle. Character finds its expression in actions and actions, as well as in promos, mime and pantomime, and puts a stamp on the current appearance of features and is distinguished from a typical pose. Character, which infuses life, infuses the way of life. Character is of great importance for specialness, and also for marriage. Character is entirely illuminated, the system of special powers that are closely related to each other. “In the structure of character there is a place and a form. The place of character brings out strong infusions, to create a living directness of particularity, such as material and spiritual needs, interests, ideals and social attitudes. In different forms, character is expressed by methods of manifestation, entrenched emotional-volitional characteristics of behavior, and temperament. People fight each other over nicknames and behavior patterns.” Character is influenced by consumption, intelligence and intelligence, will, emotions, directness, and temperament. The totality of noticeable facts, typical figures, creates a type of character that distinguishes the typical minds of people’s lives. 2. Decide on character Character is not the same thing. It is impossible to understand and comprehend such a complex whole, like character, without seeing other sides and typical manifestations (fig. to character). Greater personalities are manifested in people's specialties to huge obligations and obligations, to people, to oneself. Putting up to enormous obligations and obligations, first of all, manifests itself in a newborn’s particularity until the end of life. Who exhibits such character traits as practicality, dullness, easygoingness, mercifulness, and their companions - laziness, lack of balance, passivity, waste of money. The formation of people to the point gives the greatest influx of molding of other special components. D.I. Pisarev wrote: “Character is hardened by the process, and whoever has not obtained his daily food through his work will be deprived of the opportunity to become a weak, weak and characterless person.” The emphasis on people clearly shows in such people’s character, such as friendliness, attentiveness, good-naturedness, etc. n. The antipodes of these figures are isolation, lack of tact, and unkindness. As V. Hugo asserted, “a person has three characters: the one he ascribes to himself; the one he ascribes to himself; and, you know, the one he really is.” In order to understand the essence of one’s character, it is important for a person to know the thoughts about himself and the team in which he spends a significant part of his life. And we are in front of those who are ordered in the new century with people, how much wine is needed by people, how much it is authoritative among them. Self-esteem is manifested in self-evaluation of one’s actions. Solid self-esteem is the basis of thoroughness of mind, which helps to develop such character traits as modesty, integrity, and self-discipline. Negative character traits are characterized by overzealousness, overzealousness and boastfulness. The people who live with these rices seem to be inactive in the team, and inadvertently creates pre-conflict and conflict situations in a new situation. Another extreme in a person’s character is unwarranted: underestimation of one’s own achievements, fearfulness in one’s established positions, in one’s own views. Modesty and self-criticism are due to the heavy, almost damp sufficiency that is based on the evidence of the effective significance of one’s specialness, on the evidence of successes in Praci for the burning bark. Integrity is one of the most valuable special qualities that gives character active directness. Volovo rice to temperament. Under the will there is a complex mental process that evokes the activity of a person and awakens her actions directly. It is the will of the people to cross the threshold and reach the target. The very character of such rice appears as directness, decisiveness, effortlessness, and masculinity. Given rice's character, it can be perceived as having a strong and anti-huge goals. And it is important to understand the motive behind a person’s volitional behavior. "A good thing, the motive of which lies in the involuntariness of other people, in the hoarding of someone else's property, in the passing of service, and a good thing, the motive of which lies in helping the elderly with justice, may, of course, be completely different from the psychological no harm." Due to volitional activity, characters are divided into strong and weak. People with a strong character have strong goals, are proactive, courageously make decisions and implement them, have great vitriol, are courageous and courageous. People whose qualities are weakly expressed or have a weak character are classified as weak-willed. He is powerfully passive, displaying his businesslike and special qualities. Most often, such people, most likely in our lives, do not achieve significant results from the work they begin. Most of them experience their insanity independently, lightly and decisively in their actions. The ox bones can be turned into people. I. P. Pavlov stressed that the people are one system, designed to regulate itself within wide limits, so that you can complete it yourself. Weak people, with thoughtful pedagogical work with them, can become actively active. In this case, it is necessary to respect the individual characteristics of a person, for example, his temperament. Thus, it is easier for a choleric person to develop activity and decisiveness, less so for a melancholic person. A person herself can, from a young age, exercise her will, develop such qualities as self-control, activity, and humility.

PSYCHOPATHY While accentuation of character is an extreme variant of the norm, psychopathy is not a pathology of character. According to P. B. Gannushkin, “psychopathies are anomalies of character that signify the entire mental image of an individual, imposing their own influence on the entire mental makeup, and throughout life they do not recognize how many drastic changes and they respect themselves to the point of being too middle-class." To fully understand the meaning of psychopathy, you can look at the basic concept. According to Ball, “Psychopathic characteristics are permanent residents of the region bordering on mental health and mental ailments, as recently biological variations have gone incredibly far from killing the middle age look like a normal type." Schneider: “Psychopathic characteristics are the same abnormal characteristics that both themselves and the spouse suffer from.” Kraepelin speaks about psychopathic characteristics as about infantile ones (partial, uneven infantilism; more often manifested in the area of ​​will and feelings): “The enmity of something immature, childish, for example, is driven by there is, excessiveness to the point of excess, supernatural fantasy in hysterics, weak will...” psychopathy Gannushkin-Kerbikov Character pathology (psychopathy) is always characterized by three signs (Gannushkin-Kebrikov criteria): 1) totality; 2) stability; 3) disadaptation. But one criterion includes psychopathy. It is clear that a number of psychopathy can be classified according to different signs. at the stage of severity: severe, pronounced, mortal. Psychopathy can be divided through guilt: 1. Constitutions (true, genetic, “nuclear”). These types of psychopathy are more often associated with them: cycloid, schizoid , psychosthenic, epileptoid. 2. Pridbani (psychopathic or pathocharacterological development). With a psychopathic development of the smut, there is an incorrect interpretation, a negative influx of the middle. They sometimes exhibit restlessness, hysteria, and unstable psychopathy. 3. Organic. The rest develop as a result of the influence of prenatal, natal and early postnatal (first 2-3 years) pathological factors (intoxications, infections, traumatic brain injuries, etc.) on the brain. After organic damage to the brain, unstable and unstable psychopathy is often diagnosed. Various authors present different typologies of psychopathy and accentuations of character. For example, this is what the classification looks like, defined by A. E. Personality: hyperthymic, cycloid, labile, astheno-neurotic, sensitive, psychosthenic, schizoid, epileptoid, steroidal, unstable, conformal. Cream of other types of psychopathy, sensitive-psychasthenic and others. E. G. Eidemiller propagates his classification, close to Lichko’s typology, in his developed method of auto-identification and identification behind verbal characterological portraits. A somewhat different classification of accentuations of character traits (demonstrative, pedantic, stuck) and accentuations of temperament traits (hyperthymic personality, dysthymic, affectively labile, affectively exalted, anxious), as well as combinations of accentuated character traits and temperament (extroverted and introverted personalities) was proposed by K . Leonhard. A detailed description of different types of character is given by D. Drill. He investigates the antisocial behavior of “nervous hysterics, alcoholics, epileptics”, and also analyzes the history of illnesses, criminal records, the causes of various crimes and connections with the characteristics of u. On the other hand, Dril characterizes the actions of characters from fiction (for example, the type of Rudin, Oblomov). Gives a secret description of “unfortunate natures”. F. Scholz describes the pathology of children's characters, the formation of accentuation of character and psychopathy, similar to various types of psychopathology, sluggishness. We use simple names for different types of character, such as: timid child, fearful, shuffling (abnormalities in the area of ​​sensing and sensing), windy child, cuckooing and secretive (abnormalities in the area of ​​sensing enemies e), restless, greedy, prone to ruin (Abnormalities in galusi will and action). Proposes methods of correction and therapy for children with different types of character. V. V. Pushkov and G. A. Kharitonov examine the underlying nature of psychopathic disorders in children from their age, articles, education, and the evidence of organic damage. To diagnose character accentuation and psychopathy, the following methods are used: PDO (pathocharacterological diagnostic instrument), Eidemiller identification method, Leonhard-Shmishek method, MMPI. 39. Professional selection. Methods of professional selection.

Professional selection is a procedure of unique assessment ((Professional suitability of professional affiliation)) of a person, assessing the potential of a young person with a special skill, reaching the necessary level sti ta efektivnogo vykonannya professionyh obliganie. The professional selection has 4 components: medical, physiological, pedagogical and psychological. In its essence and criteria, professional selection is based on a socio-economic approach, and its methods are medico-biological and psychological.

The concepts of “professional choice” and “psychological choice” are often used, because the essence of the rest is diagnosis and prediction of problems. The main stages of psychological professional selection:

1) Obtaining and initial processing of necessary output diagnostic information;

2) Formulation of forecasts for the availability of this type of professional activity and assessment of the transferred level of affiliation with the subject;

3) Verification of forecasts based on data on the actual effectiveness of the professional activities of selected individuals.

The system of psychological professional selection includes a complex of special diagnostic techniques, technical methods and standardized procedures. It is also advisable to use the methods of interpretation, interpretation of diagnostic information and the development of forecasts for the success of activities.

In my opinion, the practical importance of psychological professional selection means bringing its socio-economic validity, the availability of a well-established and tested selection system, evidence of facists agnostics

Vocational selection requires a scientifically qualified person to be allowed to sing once they have the necessary aptitudes, sufficient physical and educational preparation. The professional selection is handed over to the professional selection. The professional selection serves the designated number of professions that are most suitable for a given person, i.e., it helps him choose a profession with the help of scientifically grounded methods and features. For the purposes of professional selection (professional selection), questionnaires, equipment and testing methods are used.

BASIC METHODS FOR PROFESSIONAL SELECTION OF CANDIDATES

Advance analysis of personal data (short registration form, resume, application form) - identification of capabilities, capabilities, qualifications, information, special characteristics etc. is carried out. candidate, the level of his rank in relation to the “ideal” candidate.

The first interview (usually telephone) is the first information that is rejected.

Analysis of the completed report from the hospital and a special questionnaire.

The main interview (a series of interviews) - a description of the applicant’s lifestyle and characteristics from the point of view of psychology is formed - strengths and weaknesses, special characteristics, the identification of the functions of the “ideal” candidate, the identification of Proceed immediately to effectively complete your obligations - without "unwinding" ".

Collecting information about the candidate (from other people), checking recommendations and recommendations - identifying the characteristics of the candidate and his type of “ideal” candidate (from colleagues, colleagues, employees).

ADDITIONAL METHODS FOR PROFESSIONAL SELECTION OF CANDIDATES

1) Testing of abilities (IQ, etc.) - an assessment of the level of structure of intelligence (mental abilities), an assessment of the level of memory, etc. is carried out.

2) Psychological testing - possible behavior is predicted in these and other developmental situations, assessment of the type of personality is possible before a candidate for this position.

3) Testing of knowledge and skills, testing of trial tasks - passing of standardized tests or testing of professional tasks, preparation of documents (for example, “Business Plan” etc.)

4) Sociometric assessment - assessment of the business abilities of the group.

5) Assessment Center - transfers the candidate’s participation to a special seminar that lasts 1-2 days. The assessment center's program includes business games, group exercises, tests and professional assignments.

6) Expert assessments.

7) “Exotic” methods - verification by polygraph (fraud detector), verification through the security service, medical examination (health and vitality are revealed, screening for alcohol and drugs, verification to determine whether there is a criminal record).

It is possible to implement a number of verification methods at the same time.

1.1 Description of methods of professional selection

As a rule, the professional selection of personnel focuses on two areas: the assessment of professional knowledge and the characteristics of the candidate and the employee. The health worker is required by the organization as -

Practitioner - specialist, professional,

Pratsivnik is a victor of singing robots.

Pratsivnik is a special person.

1.2 Professional selection for professional responsibilities. Submission of special questionnaires, professional interviews, work with resumes

The simplest way to evaluate professional knowledge is to ask a fakhvist to work as an expert. For example, ask the auditor to write a summary about the professional responsibilities of the current head accountant.

Another way. Prepare special laboratory and laboratory equipment that will allow you to reveal the relevant knowledge of the fakhivtsa. (Appendix No. 1)

Method three. Ask your next secretary to find out the required file and prepare that sheet.

A wealth of useful information about the candidate’s qualifications can be obtained from the application form and resume. The questionnaire is a specially divided one, which includes the transfer of fresh fruits and variants of the type. In this case, the overflow of berries, for which the mother specialist is responsible, lies within the scope of his activity and planting.

Analysis of resumes and personal data allows us to identify the applicant’s knowledge of the minimum qualifications, the practical evidence of the nature of the activity, the obviousness of any restrictions on planting obligations, readiness to accept additional requirements. This leads to the further ringing of the stake of the applicants for the seat. (Appendix No. 2, 3).

1.3 Professional selection from special business skills. Significance of psychological professional relevance

During professional selection, the professional qualifications of potential candidates are assessed, and it is necessary to take into account the professional affiliation of the candidate - the level of the type of his psychological characteristics for the purpose of selection (work wow). This, as a rule, can be dealt with by a psychologist. What is psychological professional affiliation?

To carry out professional selection correctly, it is necessary to understand the subject of professional affiliation. This understanding is based on the basic criterion of professional affiliation (which is correct for any profession). A person has a necessary level of professional affiliation, such as:

Your individual psychological strengths will ensure the success of this particular activity (allowing you to select the work with the necessary strength and the required terms);

At the same time, the people themselves, at a minimum, are not aware of the daily expenses (the state of health is not compromised, neurotic traits are not activated, personality is not deformed, etc.).

Often the practitioners themselves, and the structure of the organization, convey great psychological significance. However, practice shows that if a worker is psychologically unsuitable, he differs on the basis of both the terms of the constructed work and the microclimate of the team in which he works. The worker himself suffers: he can’t achieve the desired professional success, or the stink comes from great efforts, and then it becomes difficult to get through the job, he can’t achieve the desired social and material status, he becomes self-absorbed I (both from physical overstrain and stress on physical functions, and also from There is a constant feeling of dissatisfaction (pratseyu), the character and the outlook with the absent ones are pissed off.

Thus, people who believe that the phrase “professional selection” has a sense that it discriminates against workers are completely wrong.

Why is this obviously an unlikely candidate?

Here you can see two groups: substances that are contraindicated for any activity (with a rare exception), and those that are involved in ceramics. Until the first one can hear:

mental illness;

neurotic personality with all the signs of its actualization;

deformation of an individual.

The main reason that most organizations try to avoid employing people with mental illnesses is the lack of transferability of their behavior and the high prevalence of rapt and trival days at work.

Another group of people whose presence in the organization is unusual are individuals with pronounced signs of neuroticism. For a worker who does not delve into subtle psychological matters, it is enough that such a worker’s assistant has reduced productivity, disrespect, twitchiness, overly boisterous reactions to people and situations, often stealing It is important for a psychologist to understand whether such a person is time-sensitive, situational (in whom we suddenly found a person at the time of diagnosis) or persistent - a person in power and ready to become active in any event at the least amount of inconvenience. Another option is to hire such a person who is not suitable for the organization.

The third group of people whose presence in the organization, without a doubt, will cause problems are those with deformations of specialness. A characteristic feature of such people is the disharmony of their particular organization, which leads to inadequate acceptance of those people. In the end there may be bitterness, uncriticality in the assessment of powerful leaders, the separation of self-revealing with a truly special look, an ungrounded fear of approaches (deception, “sustenance”, and etc.) on the side of foreigners and other similar rices that negatively influence the right of the people who perform the task.

In addition, for seemingly different candidates, the organization can establish additional benefits, for example, it means that in the future they will respect unsuitable individuals with problems with splicing or poor formation basic skills, a weak development of analytical skills, etc.

The need to define the professional identity of personnel is explained by two main reasons. First of all, any organization, when a new person comes to work, loses its tired values, look at the extra world, its specific features and basic (that is, the main) internal aspirations, In this way, the highest level of activity and the highest level of tasks are formed. It is very important that the new student, with his or her special qualities, can successfully “fit” into the team, interacting with other employees, increasing rather than reducing the potential of the team. This moment will never cease to be revealed to the evidence-based kernels. The kerivnik can better understand the practicalities of the new spivotenik, and the axis of intuition can be summed up. After about an hour, it appears that the seemingly friendly and friendly student begins to change the positive psychological mood of other students, “infecting” them with negative emotions. In general, it may be that after ten hours a successful team begins to fail more and more often without visible conflict situations. Negative emotions, like viruses, spread from one to another, reducing productivity at work and increasing inter-personal tensions. Such benefits can be very expensive. In another way, a psychological assessment of a mental health worker makes it possible to more accurately determine his resources, his internal potential, and, therefore, understand in which work place the mental health worker will be the most valuable, which can be checked in For a new type of professional growth, what opportunities to develop, what special ones You can strengthen and weaken the collective work with its particularities.

The importance of the obviousness and necessity of the need to identify the singing robots of jaundice is generated by psychologists using various methods. This is an ideal conversation, the use of special psychological tests, and business games and others.

For example, the “probing questionnaire” method, which helps to identify certain important characteristics even before meeting with the candidate. The questionnaire is a simple special test. The result consists of four components:

* special data;

* expert's opinion.

A systematic analysis of this information allows for more precise identification of the candidate’s characteristics due to the psychological subtext of greater nutrition. (Addendum No. 4) For example, points 1-9 of the questionnaire are based on systematized psychoanalytic categories, which provide the company psychologist with important additional information. In some cases, the testing that comes out of the company, costs and expenses, becomes noticeable.

From the response to request No. 1, you can find additional information about the information and social characteristics of the candidate. Nutrition No. 2 and No. 4 depend on the professional motivation of the candidate. It’s logical, since the candidate’s life is fussed about. We are alarmed about the overextension of the role of these approaches. Nutrition No. 3 indicates the candidate’s leadership qualities. A positive test result is important for candidates for nursery planting. From nutritional point No. 5, the psychologist identifies information that is of additional interest to the company. It is important that the company could avoid burying the candidate for its own purposes. Too much effort can have a negative impact on the candidate’s assessment, and there is also a risk that you don’t have time to work. Nutrition No. 6, in addition to information about the candidate’s social affiliation, assesses the role of external and internal factors in a person’s life. People who are known as ideal Viconavians, who end their work quickly and without mercy. These people can be bullied. In the role of a high-level cervix, their effectiveness will be lacking, which is why, as a rule, the stench is unique when making decisions. Most often it is about introversion. In contrast to this type of person, centering in the middle, directing the external world (extrovert according to Eysenck). An extrovert's activities may be active in nature (sports, tourism), while an introvert gives priority to more quiet types of activities (collecting, painting, sewing). An extrovert open to too much light. In most of the world, he is a specialist in independent activities, creative work, and a lower introvert. Glibinny place of nutrition No. 7 and No. 8 – the candidate’s self-esteem has the highest level of self-esteem in himself. Nutrition No. 9 is based on the theory of specialness, susceptible to disaster. According to this theory, people’s actions attract bad luck and provoke them. The severity of the misfortune that awaits the candidate is alarming, as is its renewed presence. Nutrition No. 10 and No. 11 evaluate the candidate’s criticality and self-esteem.

The use of such “probing questionnaires” requires a specialist in the personnel selection service to have psychological knowledge, intuition and the ability to read between rows.

More and more often, especially in the assessment of highly qualified practitioners, staff are forced to introduce new, non-standard approaches to assessment. For example, a special social - genetic interaction of the tested. This method was first developed by the famous American scientist, professor of psychology and physics C.K. This is based mainly on the acquired depression of people from their ancestry, the professional activity of their ancestors, their illness, burial, the positive and negative aspects of their biography. Alternatively, you can use new psychological control - use “Polytest” and “Photon-2m”. These adjustments allow us to determine with great accuracy the actions of the power of our nervous system. For example, for the quick reaction of a destructive object, the resistance of our hands and the bareness of our fingers. Thirdly, you can use different computer programs that can add additional steps of protection to ensure the reliability of the results that are obtained.

A very effective way to develop psychological professional suitability is a diagnostic business game: the psychologist chooses a plot that is similar to the planned professional activity, and monitors the applicant’s aptitudes Xia. Business activities can be carried out through interviews and testing.

A specific approach to the development of professional affiliation must lie with a number of officials, transfer the task, and put the responsibility of the organization before the psychologist.

In these situations, when the number of applicants is large, there is a shortage of time, when there is a great change in personnel, it is not safe to “outlook” a good applicant and not to bet on the sidelines, you can limit yourself to only “pilot” research for the Adding food with unnecessary berries. For which purpose is it necessary to “choose for the yoke that limits.” For a specific activity, one or two unexpected wickednesses are indicated, and the psychologist earns respect for these wickednesses in the applicants.

Important positive aspects of this approach are the inherent savings in time and effort of the psychologist and the ability to quickly reverse the results. Tsey "Ekononiya" psychologist can be diligent, Vikoristovoi Grupov DIAGNITICA, if the test is not chip (for the butt of the butt of the test of the Sobcheni in the minds of the Pereshkod) to pretend to be one -time (parallel) candidate. This approach is often used when there are a large number of candidates in order to conduct more careful and reporting investigations with those who have lost their visa. The decision on these candidates is accepted by the HR department.

It takes more than an hour to select candidates with strong personality traits for a specific placement, since the psychologist is responsible for establishing the presence and absence of a whole group of personality traits in applicants. In this case, diagnostic work is carried out individually and only one or two tests can be presented to a small group of applicants (such a number that the psychologist can give respect to each of their members). If such work is monitored by the personnel service manager, then the organizational manager can himself monitor the results of psychological diagnostics.

The greatest part of the work checks the psychologist in the situation when the organization selects a worker for a special position, and the lack of similarity of the candidate can lead to great success for the organization. Here the psychologist needs a forecast of success and, possibly, correction of unfavorable factors, and for this it is necessary to comprehensively study the characteristics of the practitioner and identify the most important problems (that is, at least the most superficial, or problematic aliz). Such modification is necessary, as a rule, when selecting pottery from the middle and high regions. This work is carried out individually, but the results are brought to the top of the organization. The next hour may be transferred to the written version, which is now better than the verbal transmission of information, the fragments can be turned back to this point.

Often, the personnel service manager looks at the psychologist for an objective assessment of the moral potential and the forecast of possible actions of the worker, given the management of the organization of social harm (such as stealth to robbery, abuse of service becoming something else). Unfortunately, psychological knowledge is powerless here. With the help of psychological methods, it is possible to identify such disadvantages as the lack of social, emotional and visual maturity of the applicant. A psychologist may detect in an applicant an unstable type of personality, such as weakness and hopelessness, a tendency to follow one’s desires, a greedy craving for satisfaction. However, a worker with signs of these viciousnesses will not at all necessarily be a thief or a spy of a competing company, although in this way it is possible to obtain favors from robots and foolish figures.

These organizations are developing a “lie detector” (polygraph) - a device whose sensors register skin-galvanic, cardiac-judicial and other reactions of the body to meaningful words that may be related before transfer the wicked plans of the candidate or the already slain filthy priest. However, practice has shown that only high-class officials can explain these reactions correctly. Therefore, for the necessity of learning the moral standards of the worker and the applicant, the most effective good old method is that of the security service.

ACCENTUATION TO CHARACTER

(English) character accentuation) - high level of expression of other characteristics character That is their understanding, which represents an extreme option , what is between psychopathy. Porivn. .

Great psychological dictionary. - M: Prime-EUROZNAK. Per ed. B.G. Meshcheryakova, acad. V.P. Zinchenko. 2003 .

Accentuation of character

   ACCENTUATION TO CHARACTER (With. 31) - the extreme manifestation of other characteristics of his character is recognized to become an extreme version of the mental norm that lies between psychopathy. According to the well-known German psychiatrist K. Leonhard (he coined this term), 20-50% of people have a nature of tension (accentuated), which leads to the same type of conflicts and nerves zrivіv. When accentuating the character, the individuality of the character flows not to any (as in psychopathy), but only to the most traumatic surges, addressed to the so-called “place of the least support” for this type of character for preserving stability before others. Accentuation can be expressed in different ways - there are distinct and obvious (latent) accentuations, which can change from one to another under the influence of various factors, among which the peculiarities of education, social total well-being, professional activity, physical health.

Taking shape before the late age, most accentuations, as a rule, are smoothed out, compensated for, or even in difficult, traumatic situations, as it is difficult to pour into a “weak spot” of character, may not only become a primer for acute otsіynyh reactions, neuroses, and appear mental formation of psychopathy.

From different classifications the following main types of character accentuation appear:

1) cycloid- drawing out phases of high and low mood at different times;

2) hyperthymic- Constantly elevating moods, increased mental activity due to intense activity and a tendency to dissipate without reaching the end;

3) labile - abrupt change in mood depending on the situation;

4) asthenic- Swedes are tired, restless, susceptible to depression and hypochondria;

5) sensitive- increased irritability, timidity, increased feeling of imperious inferiority;

6) psychasthenic- high anxiety, distrust, lack of attention, reluctance to introspection, persistent doubts and morbidity;

7) - arrogance, isolation, introversion, emotional coldness, which is manifested in the presence of stress, difficulties in establishing emotional contacts, lack of intuition in the sleep process lkuvannya;

8) epileptoid- a tendency to an angry-serious mood with aggression that accumulates, which appears in the appearance of attacks of ferocity and anger (sometimes with elements of cruelty), conflict, mental viscosity, pulpous pedantry;

9) stuck (paranoid)- Increased suspicion and illness, persistence of negative effects, abusive dominance, dislike of the thoughts of others and, as a result, high conflict;

10) demonstrative (hysteroidal)- There is a tendency to increase the prevalence of unacceptable facts and hypotheses, to the point of nonsense, fantasy and success, which are used to gain respect for oneself; behavior, which is characterized by adventurism, marnoslavism, “flowing into illness” with dissatisfaction with the needs of the outside;

11) dysthymnia- over-emphasis on low mood, tendency to depression, concentration on gloomy and dull aspects of life;

12) unstable- the ability to easily succumb to the influx of distant, constant search for new enemies, companies, the ability to easily establish contacts, which may, however, be of a superficial nature;

13) conformal- excessive orderliness and confinement to the thoughts of others, a marriage of criticality and initiative, a tendency to conservatism.

In contrast to “pure” types, there are much more often mixed forms of character accentuation - intermediate (the result of the overnight development of several typical patterns) and amalgams (layering of new characters on the structure that formed the type) and. I

The obscent character of the non -honey -like health -like іndivnaya pirdadd to Vikhovannya of the same Pidlitkiv, the Vibra of the Vidpovy forms of ndi -dimensional psychotherapy.

The psychological encyclopedia is popular. - M: Eksmo. S.S. Stepanov. 2005.

Marvel at the “emphasis on character” in other dictionaries:

accentuation of character- The extreme manifestation of their character is extreme and they are recognized as representing an extreme variant of the mental norm that lies between psychopathy. According to the famous German psychiatrist K. Leonhard (he coined this term), in 20-50% of people... Defectology Dictionary

accentuation of character- a concept introduced by K. Leonhard and which means the supernatural manifestation of certain character characteristics and which, admittedly, represents extreme variants of the norm that lie between psychopathy. A.g. vary from the remaining daily occurrence of one-hour manifestations...

The concept, introduced by K. Leonhard, means the supernatural manifestation of the strong character of the character and it is understood that it becomes an extreme variant of the norm that lies between psychopathy. Actively vikorystvuyutsya psychologists shodo... Psychological and pedagogical dictionary of a ship's training officer

Accentuation of character- The extreme manifestation of the typical characteristics of these figures is due to the fact that they are extreme variations of the norm that lie between anomalies of specificity. With accentuations of character in the skin type there is its own “Achilles heel”, which prevents specialness... ... Human psychology: glossary of terms

Accentuation of character- (Lat. accentus loudly) the overpowering strengthening of strong character, which is manifested in the selective infusion of particularity in relation to the first kind of psychogenic infusions with good and improved stability to others. Unrespectful... ... Criminal Encyclopedia

Accentuation of character- (Latin accentus in a loud voice) supernatural intensification of the surrounding characteristics of character, which represents extreme variants of the norm that intersect with pathology of particularity. Children with A.g. require an individual approach from the doctor. Effective and adequate to the particularities. Corrective pedagogy and special psychology. Dictionary

ACCENTUATION TO CHARACTER- an extreme strengthening of strong character traits, which is manifested in the selective outpouring of particularity in relation to the fullest kind of psychogenic influxes (important experiences, extreme neuropsychic impulses, etc.) with good news... Daily lighting process: basic concepts and terms Encyclopedic dictionary of psychology and pedagogy