The battleship hero of the Battle of Navarin 1827. The naval battle of Navarin took place. Battle of Navarino: entry of the Russian fleet and a radical turning point
The naval battle of Navarin, which took place on the sunny day of the 20th of June 1827 in the same bay, is not only one of the most famous stories in the history of the Vietnamese fleet, but also the butt of what Russia and the lands of Zakhia the bottom of Europe can find a consistent language, if there is a dispute on the right about the demarcation of rights and freedom of different peoples.
Having formed a united front against the Ottoman Empire, England, Russia and France provided invaluable assistance to the Greek people in the fight for their independence.
The Russian Empire in the 19th century, especially after defeating Napoleon and holding the Vidensky Congress, became a full participant in the international political process. Above those, they flowed in the 1810-1830s. It was so great that their support was heard in all less significant situations.
Created by Alexander the Holy Alliance, the main method of which was the struggle to preserve the political regimes that existed in European countries, becoming an important tool in the flow of all internal European affairs.
One of the most painful points of Europe in the first quarter of the 19th century was the Ottoman Empire, which was gradually collapsing. Unfazed by all attempts at reform, the Turkic region remained more in line with the leading powers, gradually losing control over the territories that had been part of their empire. The edges of the Balkan Peninsula occupied a special position in this process, as, looking at the possible assistance of Russia and other European powers, they then more actively began to fight for their independence.
In 1821, the Greek rebellion began. The Russian order had settled down to the folding state: on the one hand, the points of the Holy Alliance were not allowed to support those who stood for the revision of the current state, and on the other hand, the Orthodox Greeks had long been seen as our allies, as well as our representatives From Turechchina we were practically always far away. type of optimal. Bringing the caretaker's attention to this step gradually changed with more and more increasing pressure on Osman's pads.
The Battle of Navarino in 1827 was the logical conclusion to this process.
The Battle of Navarino showed that the hours since the Turkish fleet became one of the largest in Europe had irrevocably passed. Sultan Yogo Kapudan Pasha Muharrey Bey was given the opportunity to gain great strength in the Mediterranean region. In addition to the control of the Turkish frigates, there were heavy ships of the line from Egypt and Tunisia.
This armada had 66 pennants, which was less than 2100 rounds. The Turks could also invest in supporting coastal artillery, in the organization of which French engineers played a great role.
The allied squadron, under the command of the English Codrington, had only twenty-six pennants and about 1,300 harmats. True, they had more ships of the line - the main force in any naval battle of that hour - - ten to seven.
As for the Russian squadron, it was preceded by several battleships and frigates, and it was commanded by the military commander L. Heyden, who held his ensign on the flagship Azov.
Already active in the area of the Greek archipelago, the Allied command continued to try to resolve the conflict peacefully. Pasha Ibrahim, during the hour of negotiations on behalf of the Sultan, called for the Trinitarian Truce, which was practically immediately destroyed. Afterwards, the allied fleet, with a series of outflanking maneuvers, closed the Turks at Navarno Bay, and under the protection of exhausted coastal batteries there was little hope of a general battle.
Navarinsky biy has been burned a lot by the Turks even before the cob. Having chosen to settle in a narrow bay, they actually saved themselves a numerical advantage, since only a small part of their ships could immediately take part in the battle. Coastal artillery, which supported the Turkish fleet, did not play a special role in the battle. The allies planned to attack in two columns: the British and French would destroy the right flank, and the Russian combat squadron would complete the rout by falling on the left side of the Turkish fleet.
Vranci On June 8, 1827, the Anglo-French squadron, which was closer to the enemy, hung near the column, began a major upheaval in front of the Turks. Having reached the harmat line, the ships sank, and Admiral Codrington sent parliamentarians to the Turks, who were shot from the ruins.
The shooting became a signal for the beginning of the battle: from both sides, at the same time, perhaps two thousand harmats began to speak, and the entire bay was clouded with acrid smoke. At this stage, the allied fleet failed to achieve a decisive advantage. Moreover, the Turkish shells had caused serious damage, leaving Mukharei Bey’s army invincible.
At that hour, when the result of the battle was far from obvious, Heyden’s Russian squadron began active combat operations, attacking in both directions on the left flank of the Turks. In front of us, the frigate "Gangut" fired at the coastal battery, but did not manage to fire ten salvos. Then, at gunpoint, the Russian ships entered into a fiery duel with the enemy fleet.
The main battle of the battle fell on the flagship "Azov", the commander of which was former naval commander M. Lazarev. Having finished the Russian battle war, he immediately entered into battle with five enemy ships, quickly sinking two of them. After this, he rushed to the aid of the English “Asia”, against which the enemy’s flagship fired.
Russian battleships and frigates behaved smoothly in battle: their assigned place in the battle formation was assigned to them, under the baked fire of the enemy they carried out precise and timely maneuvers, stomping one after another Turkish and Egyptian vessel. Heyden's zusilla squadron secured the turning point in the battle.
The Battle of Navarin lasted for more than four years and was characterized by a high concentration of fire and a density of maneuvers. Regardless of the fact that the battle was fought on Turkish territory, the Turks themselves emerged victorious before it. Once a number of their ships moved within an hour, they moved to the river and became easy to obtain. Even before the end of the third year, the result of the battle became clearer, the allies began to decide who would sink more ships. As a result, without losing a single combat vessel, the allied squadron crushed the entire Turkish fleet: only one ship was allowed to skid, having suffered even more serious attacks. This result dramatically changed the balance of forces in the region.
The Battle of Navarino 1827 became the prologue to the final Russian-Turkish war. Another result was a dramatic change in the combined Greek-Turkish forces. Having recognized such miserable defeats, Turechina went into the darkness of a serious internal political crisis. They were no longer up to the ancestors of the Hellenes, who could not only have gained broad autonomy, but also achieved complete independence. 1827 rivers in the history of Russia - this is yet another confirmation of its military and political power. Having secured the support of such powers as England and France, she was able to effectively improve the situation to enhance her position in the European arena.
On June 20, 1827, a great naval battle took place between the combined fleet of Russia, France and England, in one side, and the Turkish-Egyptian fleet, on the other. This naval battle became one of the major events of the Greek national free uprising of 1821-1829.
In 1827, the three allied countries (England, Russia and France) signed the London Convention, which granted Greece full autonomy under the Ottoman Empire. Protea was convinced to recognize this document, which became the reason for sending an allied squadron to the conflict zone in order to put pressure on Turecchina.
The combined allied fleet consisted of 28 ships, which amounted to 1300 units. The squadrons were commanded by Russian Rear Admiral L.M. Hayden, French Rear Admiral A.G. de Rigny and the English Vice Admiral E. Codrington, who took over the secret command of the Allied forces, as the senior in rank.
The Turkish-Egyptian fleet under the command of Ibrahim Pasha had twice as many ships, which amounted to 2220 units, and was also under the protection of coastal batteries (165 units) and 6 fire ships. I wanted the allied fleet to compromise in numbers and artillery, but rather to change the military training of a special warehouse.
Vice-Admiral Codrington, having disbursed his troops without stagnation, was able to force the enemy to accept the allied forces by sending a fleet to the Bay of Navarino, where he arrived on June 20, 1827. And before the Turkish admiral, parliamentarians were sent to leave Greece. Protely, the Turks began shooting and killed one of the parliamentarians, and then fired from the coastal forces at the combined fleet, in response to which the Allies fired back from the line.
The battle in the Bay of Navarin lasted for nearly 4 years and ended with the weakened Turkish-Egyptian fleet, which could not be helped either by the support of coastal batteries or by the Egyptian sea lust. As a result, nearly 7 thousand Turks died in the battle and many were wounded. The Allies did not lose a ship, but the number of ships killed and wounded was approximately 800 people.
The Russian squadron under the command of Rear Admiral Login Petrovich Heiden especially distinguished itself in the battle, as it took the head blow of the enemy and, most decisively and masterfully, defeated the entire center and right flank of the enemy fleet. The Russian battleship "Azov" along with captain 1st rank M.P. deserved to become a hero of the battle. Lazarev, who fought against five Turkish ships and gave support to other allied ships.
For the military exploits of the Azov, for the first time in the history of the Russian fleet, the stern ensign Georgiyevsky was awarded. And on the Azov, during the Battle of Navarin, the future Russian naval commanders - Lieutenant Pavlo Stepanovich Nakhimov, Midshipman Volodymyr Oleksiyovich Kornilov, Midshipman Volodymyr Ivanovich Istomin - showed themselves first.
The defeat of the Turkish fleet in this battle seriously weakened the naval forces of Turkey, which made its significant contribution to Russia's victory in the Russian-Turkish war of 1828-1829. And, of course, the victory of the allied fleet in the Battle of Navarino ensured the support of the Greek national free movement, which resulted in the autonomy of Greece under the Treaty of Adrianople in 1829.
It is not surprising that the people of Greece still remember and appreciate the feat of the Russian sailors. The day of victory in the Battle of Navarino is nationally sacred in modern Greece; monuments to the dead sailors were erected near the bay. In Russia, in honor of this historical cause, it is sacred - the Day of the commander of a surface, underwater and surface ship of the Russian Navy. It was founded in honor of the captain Mikhail Lazarev, who commanded the heroic battleship Azov.
8 (20) zhovtnya 1827 r. In the Navarin Bay of the Ionian Sea, a naval battle took place between the Allied fleet (Russia, England and France) and the Turkish-Egyptian fleet.
After the fact that Turechina was convinced of the victory of the London Convention of 1827. about the granting of autonomy to Greece, the squadron of Russia, England and France was received under the command of the senior English vice-admiral E. Codrington and reached the Bay of Navarino, where the Turkish-Egyptian fleet was located Under the command of Bey.
The English squadron consisted of 3 line ships, 3 frigates, a sloop, 4 brigs and a tender (472 ships in total). The commander of the English squadron was Vice Admiral E. Codrington. The French squadron of Rear Admiral A. de Rigny had 3 ships of the line, 2 frigates, a brig and a schooner (362 ships). Under the command of the Russian Rear Admiral L.P. Heiden there were 4 battleships and 4 frigates (466 garmati). The entire combined fleet included 10 line ships, 9 frigates and 7 small ships and nearly 1 thousand. 300 harm.
The Turkish-Egyptian fleet consisted of 3 battleships, 5 courtyard 64-garmat frigates, 18 frigates, 42 corvettes, 15 brigs and 6 fire ships (with different hulls ranging from 2.1 thousand to 2.6 thousand gar mat). The entrance to the bay on two sides was lined with 165 garmats of coastal batteries installed at the Navarin Fort on the island of Sfakteria. The commander-in-chief of the Turkish-Egyptian forces and fleet was Ibrahim Pasha.
8 (20) zhovtnya 1827 r. The allied squadrons began to enter the bay in a wake column and take their place according to the previously accepted disposition. Suddenly the ships of the English squadron began to lower their anchors, the Turks fired towel fire at them and killed an English parliamentary officer who was directly negotiating with the Turkish admiral. At this very hour, the Egyptian corvette began to fire its first fire at the French flagship "Sirena", and the hardships fired a supercharged fire at the flagship ship of the Russian squadron "Azov", which was passing through the corral through the narrow channel to Navar.
Over the course of 4 years, the battle baked at a short distance, during which time all allied squadrons operated in complete unity, giving each other mutual support. The Turkish-Egyptian fleet was completely depleted. The Russian squadron under the command of Rear Admiral Heyden acted most decisively and masterfully, defeating the entire center and right flank of the enemy fleet. She took the enemy's head blow and lost most of his ships. The expenses of the Turkish-Egyptian fleet consisted of over 60 ships and vessels, including 3 battleships, 9 frigates, 24 corvettes, 14 brigs. They spent more than 7 thousand and sunk. osib. At night, the Turks themselves burned down all their ships that they had lost. The Allies did not lose a ship. Their losses in killed and wounded amounted to nearly 800 people.
The Russian flagship "Azov" under the command of Captain 1st Rank M. P. Lazarev was especially prominent in the battle. “Azov” sank 2 frigates and a corvette, burned a 60-garmat frigate under the ensign of Tahir Pasha, decided to throw into the sand an 80-garmat ship, and then, together with the British, captured the Turkish flagship.
For its military exploits, the battleship "Azov" was awarded the stern St. George's ensign and a pennant by the Russian fleet. This commander, captain 1st rank M.P. Lazarev, was with the rear admiral. Rear Admiral L.P. Heyden became Vice Admiral, Knight of the Order of St. George, 3rd degree, the French Order of St. Louis and the English Order of the Bath. Most of the officers of the Russian squadron received Russian, English and French orders and promotions.
ULTIMATUM IBRAHIM-ORI
Your Lordship!
For information that we can reach from all over the world, and for reliable information, we know that the numerical drives of your army have scattered in various directions along the western part of the Sea, devastate, scorch, blame , trees, vineyards, all kinds of vegetation are thrown away from the roots, in a word, they are rushing to turn this whole country into a complete wasteland.
Then they learned that an expedition had been prepared against the Maini districts and that military activities were being destroyed there.
All these overly violent actions are taking place, one might say, in our eyes even in the ruin of the truce, as Your Serene Highness pledged, on your word of honor, to remain intact until the turn of your couriers. Having destroyed the truce, your fleet is allowed to enter the gateway at Navarin on the 26th of the last spring.
The following signatures exist in the dubious necessity of telling you that such changes from your side and such an astonishing destruction of your debts will strike you, Dear Sovereign, by the laws of the people and by all the treaties between the high courts. and in the Ottoman Port. To what extent have they signed up to add that at this hour, at your command, they have been devastated by the completely unacceptable mercies of your Sovereign, who through this devastation can waste the great benefits that the London Treaty brings over Greece. The following signatures will be presented to your Lordship, given the decisive and reliable evidence, and will provide you with the seemingly inevitable legacy of your ladyship and elegance.
Vice Admiral E. Codrington,
Rear Admiral Count Heyden,
Rear Admiral Chavalier de Rigny
HEROES OF "AZOV"
At the Battle of Navarino, the line ship “Azov” fought an important battle simultaneously with five enemies [ships. The Axis, as Rear Admiral L.P. Heyden described it in the report of Mikoli I: “...The ship “Azov”... is also the enemy itself, which was abundantly remembered by the English admiral, who fought against the 80-gun ship, which Mav ensign Mukharem Bey, because if the remaining one through the interruptions in the new spring turned to the “Azov” with its stern, then the 14th Garmat were safely on this subject from the left side and acted close to the day with such success that they smashed the Yoma, so be it viti, the entire stern, and if in the Konstapelsky and cabins of his ship the fire was burned and the people lived hard to extinguish them, then a strong card war from “Azov” destroyed them, through which the hostile ship suddenly embraced the half and, will find, will be disrupted in the morning...
To the honor of Captain Lazarev, I am obliged to convey to everyone that strict discipline, strict discipline and order, in which servants were always placed, were the reason, and why I completely demand that the ship "Azov" With such success, the impression and guilt enemy With its strong fire, it sank 2 large frigates and a corvette, knocking down an 80-garmat ship, which was thrown into a river and finally crashed, blaming the court frigate, on which the head commander of the Turkish fleet Tahir Pasha Mav St. This is the ensign and this is the next day of fire, as known Pasha himself, from 600 people of his team, up to 500 killed and wounded.”
About how M. P. Lazarev and P. S. Nakhimov were treated in battle, they wrote to their friend Mikhail Reinek: “I still don’t know the value of our captain. It was necessary to marvel at the hour of battle, at the kind of reasonableness, at the kind of cold-bloodedness that was put in order. But it’s impossible for me to describe in words all my commendable accomplishments, and I humbly sing that the Russian fleet has not produced such a captain.”
On the Azov, during the hour of battle, the following naval commanders emerged: Lieutenant Nakhimov, Midshipman Kornilov, Midshipman Istomin.
Zolotarev V. A., Kozlov I. A. Three centuries of the Russian fleet, XIX - the beginning of the XX century. M., 2004http://militera.lib.ru/h/zolotarev_kozlov2/08.html
AFTER PRAYER PEOPLE WERE GIVEN FOR RUM CARDS
Just before the 6th anniversary, we struck the death of the dead, and, having rejoiced in the souls of the Almighty for the glorious victory granted and saving us from the ruinous half, I went down to the cockpit to marvel at my wounded brother. Thank God, his wound is not serious. There, the priest read the eulogy for the dead, the doctor cut the wounded leg, drunk... shouting “Hurray”, and the secretary rushed about the sick. Having greeted the wounded and those who, having been at the capture chamber with the news about the details, I will help in detail, I escaped to the poop. It was already dark. It was a beautiful evening, completely calm, and nothing darkened the clear sky at that hour, when such fears were afoot. The officers, having assembled, kissed like brothers, and the joy of serving everyone was endless. Our kind of skin revealed what was trapped in his pen during the hour of battle; Unfortunately, the first day of this year I was extremely happy and I cannot describe the feeling of joy that filled me. I was especially happy with our brave sailors, who fought with the courage that surpasses every expression, and defied the confidence that they showed to their officers.
On the 7th year, an officer from Count Heyden arrived on the ship to greet the captain and officers with the victory and sign up in the name of the admiral for the Swedish occupation of the place and the glorious shells. The ship "Azov" has already lost a lot of people and gained recognition among its hull. We also have to kill and wounded.
After the prayer service, the people were given charci rum, punished with garmats, and the stinkers, having eaten crackers, went to bed, having lost the whiteness of the skin in two garmats. The officers, having gathered with the captain, were overjoyed, knowing the hidden secrets there, and spent a pleasant hour having a cheerful evening. The captain divided us into two shifts, entrusting the command of each of them to the headquarters officer, who kept up with the task of bringing the ship back to order and ready it in the morning. Having entered my first shift before midnight, the others went to their headquarters. We, having looked at the warts, climbed onto the deck to admire the unusual and majestic view. Batteries were lit on all the ships of the united fleet, non-stop sailing cruises roamed the bay and the loud calls of the warts were called out. “Who will row?” - we hooted... the French hooted... on the English ships. Everything was reverberated with thunderous shots and was drowned out for an hour by the volleys of the burning Turkish ships or by the thunderous gurkots of the rapt vibuhu. All these sounds, without stopping, shimmered in the mountains, illuminated by the sparkling half of the mountains that were burning out, scattered along the miles along the banks and creeks formed by the quiet waters, above them killed and trampling, who were searching for the unknown. ku on the floating streets of broken ships. Over the course of my watch, from the 7th evening to the 12th, the moon came one after another, 7 vibukhs. The Turks themselves set fire to their ships. In these episodes, the fire immediately spread across the entire vessel, from the supernatural sinter of harmati, which was fried, shot by itself, and immediately then swelled. Everything that was above the hook chamber rose in the wind, and the shell was left to burn out in the water.
The author of the notes, Oleksandr Petrovich Rikachov, in 1816, in the thirteenth century, was undergoing extensive training, joining the Naval Cadet Corps and immediately becoming a midshipman. In 1827 from the called lieutenant (on the ship “Gangut”), taking part in the Battle of Navarino. For the manifestations of heroism, he was awarded the Order of St. Volodymyr, 4th degree, with a bow. 1877 r. Kronstadt published the posthumous notes of A. P. Rikachov
P.S
On Codrington’s submission to the Order of Victoria - it was impossible not to reward him, considering the great international resonance of this battle, - the English king wrote: “He deserves his haircut, otherwise I will hesitate to give him a haircut.” The British plan did not include the reduction of the Turkish fleet. Once the triumphant population calmed down, Codrington was quietly sent away from the post.
famous battleship (Navarin)
Alternative inventoriesPlace in Russia, Rostov region, port on the Don River
The place was named by the Turks after the first letter of the Slovenian Abbet
The battle took place in 1637-1643, Russia-Tureccia
The largest ship of the line of the Russian Navy, which served in the Battle of Navarino 1827
Turkish fortress Azak
Russian vigilante, participant in the Battle of Navarin
Don's place with the sea
A sailing ship, first in the history of the Russian fleet, was awarded the St. George stern ensign for combat activities in the Battle of Navarre
The hometown of the pre-descendant of the Arctic R. L. Samoilovich
The name of this Russian place is similar to the Turkic “azak” - “mouth of the river”
This ship became the first in the Russian fleet, awarded the St. George's ensign.
The place where the first triumphal gates were built in Moscow in honor of the capture
From the moment of victory over which place did Russia cease to be a land country?
Place in Rostov region
Misto, taken by the young Peter 1
Place in Russia
Place-port in Russia on the Azov Sea, Rostov region
Ancient place of the Black Sea
Port on the River Don
Port on Don
. “Azbuchne” place and port
Misto-port near Russia
Russian cocktail party
Tana, Azak, what about now?
Place in Rostov region
A place near Rostov
Sea order iz Chornim (rozg.)
Russian cocktail party
Heroic Russian cocktail party
Place and port on the left birch Don
Rostov city
A place near the Taganrozka inlet
Famous battleship (Navarin)
Place-fortress of the Rostov region
Showroom of the Russian Navy
A place near Rostov-on-Don
Misto in Rost. region
Ukr. sea (rozh.)
Sea of Rostov-on-Don
And the place, and the fireplace
Port at the bottom of the Don
Port at the bottom of the Don
The place was taken by the young Peter the First
Misto, taken by the young Peter I
Port near Rostov region
Celebrity party
Misto in the lower Don
Type of monitors XX century
Showcase of the Russian fleet
Russian ship
Port on the River Don
Place in the Russian Federation, Rostov region, port on the Don river
Place in Rostov region
Russian ship of the line (Battle of Navarino 1827)
The Battle of Navarino 1827 is rightfully considered one of the largest naval battles in modern history, in which the major powers of those times took part. This battle was significant for the participants in the fighting, strengthening the position of one side and further weakening the tension.
Change your mind about the beginning of the war
Regardless of the fact that the Ottoman Empire has completely sunk to the very bottom of the political and economic crisis, it, as before, has little to gain from significant territories in the Balkans and deep Africa. It became more important to destroy such great lands with fate. The Greek revolutionaries especially fought for their independence. This struggle began in 1821 with the great uprising in the Peloponnese. The Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II, with the help of his Egyptian vassal Muhammad Ali, began to expand the free reign of the Greeks in 1824. The European powers were closely monitoring the situation in the Balkans. England and France saw benefits from the rapidly weakening Ottoman Empire. Russia, having achieved success in the war with the Turks in 1806-1812, wanted to further enhance its position in the Balkan Peninsula and the Black Sea.
Trying to reconcile the sides
Although unimportant, at least, the future allies in the Antanta were not involved in the further collapse of the Ottoman Empire. Hiring is not so quick. France and England decided to put the fallow economy under economic pressure, siphoning resources from it and fighting against Russia for the sake of demand. The Russian Tsar Mikoli I was also not governed by the fall of the great empire, although it was weakened. The rapid collapse caused serious changes in the political map both in the Balkans and in deep Africa, which included the influx of allies.
And on the 16th of June 1827 in London, with the participation of the High-Saders of France, England and Russia, a convention was signed that confirmed the autonomy of Greece from the Ottoman Empire. The Greeks continued to pay tribute to the Sultan's treasury and accept the Sultan's allegiances, while also seeking important benefits for trade operations with the European powers. The document called upon the parties to carry out military actions and establish peace. The destruction of the agreement resulted from the fact that the conflict was handed over to the forces of the regional mediators.
Escalation of the conflict
Of course, such a camp was categorically not against the Turkish Vladik. For the first time in the 5th century, Greece denied the chance to escape from Ottoman rule and lose its long-awaited freedom. The actions of Sultan Mahmud II were completely cleared up. The Ottoman Empire did not intend to persuade the minds of the London Convention. The important Turkish-Egyptian fleet was growing at the Bay of Navarin. This time, after activating the clause about handing over the conflict to the allied squadron.
Number and command warehouse of opponents
The combined fleet of Russia, England and France set a course for Navarin Bay. The Russian squadron was led by Rear Admiral L. Heyden (a Dutchman in the service of the Russian Tsar), and the French military and naval forces by A. de Rigny. The military service was transferred to the highest rank of the allied armada - the English Vice Admiral E. Codrington. In Usyogo, 26 ships hung at 1300 harmats.
After arriving on the 20th of June 1827, the allies realized that the enemy outnumbered them both in terms of the number of ships and manpower, and in terms of artillery capacity, perhaps 2 times. 91 ships were recruited to defend the bay. The Ottoman-Egyptian fleet was carried out by Ibrahim Pasha and assisted by Tahir Pasha and Muharrem Bey. There were 2600 harmats, transported on ships, on land, in the same fort there was also a coastal defense with 165 harmats, and also a small battery on the island of Sphacteria. Despite such a significant superiority in numbers and numbers, the European squadron has one significant advantage over its opponent - rich evidence of participation in naval battles. Moreover, the Greeks decided not to stand aside and joined the allied fleet.
Try negotiations
Commander Ege has brought the flotilla back to full combat readiness. Codrington has still spent his hopes on escalating the conflict in a diplomatic manner. The French and English fleets carefully and completely passed through the narrow inlet and moved opposite their opponent. The Russian ships were not friendly. The Ottomans did not forget the defeats of the war of 1806-1812, after which they lost a small amount of territory. A heavy fire started immediately from the Russian ships. Several Allied ships, including the Siren, the French flagship, had holes removed. Then it became quiet. After a quick moment, Codrington sent a small delegation to the guard’s camp. However, the enemy’s coastal forces had not yet decided to conduct any kind of negotiations and again fired their shells. The parliamentarians perished in the meeting, and several Allied ships suffered significant damage. With this order, the peaceful regulation of the conflict was put to an end. With this order, on the 20th of June 1827, the Battle of Navarinsk began.
Hide and result of the battle
The signal for the Navarin naval battle was the Egyptian shelling of the English flagship, "Asia". The fleet commander's ship took a number of holes. Muharrem Bey set out to finish off the enemy. However, the future hero of the naval battle “Azov”, the flagship of the Russian fleet, entered the forefront. In the absence of Heyden, who recovered from concussion, Captain Lazarev took command. The attack on "Asia" was defeated, and Muharrem Bey's ship was sunk. Then other Russian ships joined the battle - "Gangut", "Ezekiel", "Olexander Nevsky", "Kostyantin", "Olena", "Shvidky" and "Castor". However, the battle in the Bay of Navarin became a shining moment for “Azov” itself, as it became the main guarantee of victory, leading others into battle. The battle lasted for more than 4 years and ended with a miserable defeat of the Ottoman-Egyptian fleet.
Spend on both sides
The Battle of Navarin ended with the defeat of the allied flotilla. Dosvid saw the mountain above the numerical and zbroyovaya pass. On the side of those who moved, the costs were insignificant - about 800 people were killed and wounded. Regardless of serious damage, the ships of the European squadron were released without any sinkings. Among the Russian ships, only the Kastor had no heavy human costs. If there is a lot of worry about what’s going on, then the situation here was very bad. The allied fleet destroyed over half of the ships (more precisely 61) of the Ottoman Empire and its ally Egypt. Other ships also stopped at the unattractive station due to damage. Human expenses reached over 7,000 people. The night attack of the Turks was also not without success. The ships that were lost were sunk by the Ottomans themselves.
Heroes and towns
As luck would have it, the flagship of the Navarin battle became the flagship of the Russian fleet "Azov". Despite the loss of numbers, there are currently 5 enemy ships sunk, including 2 ships under the command of Muharrem Bey and Tahir Pasha. Along with the "Asia" the frigate ship of the commander-in-chief Ibrahim Pasha was also destroyed, and several of them were about to hit the road. "Azov" was the first in the history of Russia to receive the St. George's stern. For military merits, honors (including those from abroad) and promotions in the ranks of Heyden (not including promotion to vice admiral), Nakhimov, Lazarev (rising to rear admiral) and other officers and soldiers were awarded. o showed themselves.
Legacies of battle
The Battle of Navarino was spreading further away from the region's participants. Greece won the most in the naval battle. Its share was dominated by the Russian Empire in the Russian-Turkish War of 1828-29, which ended with the victory of the Russians, who through the closest fates gave the Greeks a long-lasting independence there is.
For eternity, Hellenia and to this day mark the day of victory in Navarino, not least as nationally holy, remembering the dead. The Ottoman Empire, after the defeat, began to regress even more, and there were many people willing to shout out to the Ottoman Sultan and get rid of the Turkish panic. Just yesterday's ally, the Egyptian monk Muhammad Ali, was born in 1830-40. having raised the army against Mahmud II, the right to conquer Syria, and as a result of the handover to Russia, admitting failure. What was going on in England and France, they were extremely dissatisfied with the successes of the Russians and were always looking for ways to weaken the influx of the Russian Empire into the Balkan regions and not allow it to close. All these attempts in the early 1850s led to the Crimean War, where many allies became enemies.
Dzherela about the battle
The Battle of Navarino in 1827 was a great success for the Russian naval fleet. Because of this, it is sacred in the Russian calendar - the day of the commander of the Russian Navy. Books about the Battle of Navarino are numerous: I. Guseva “Naval Battle of Navarin”, G. Arsha “Russia and Greece’s struggle for liberation”, O. Shparo “Greece and Russia” and many others. Foreign authors mostly give scant information about the battle or change the successes of the Russian fleet in their descriptions. The Battle of Navarino on June 20, 1827 also affected artists. The most famous are the paintings of Ivan Kostyantinovich Aivazovsky and the English artist George Philip Reinagle.