The midday sun is over the horizon. Olimpіadnі zavdannya z geography: Visota Soncya і latitude. The exact hour and the appointment of geographic reasons
In the dawn of manhood, the skin gleam culminates at the same height above the horizon, more Kutova appears from the pole to the light and from the heavenly adequacy to become invisible. Sonce and Misyats zmіnuyut hang, on yak stench culminate. It is possible to start building a picture, but it’s possible to change it. We know that the Earth will collapse near Sontsya, and Misyats near the Earth. Prosthetically, as it changes in the way both of them shine in the sky.
As soon as in the exact period of time, there is an hour between the upper culminations of the stars and chotiri hvilini shorter, nіzh promіzhki mіzh culminations Sontsya. It will be explained that in an hour of one revolution about the axis (dobu) the Earth will pass approximately 1/365 part of its path near Sontsya. We also have to be built, so the Sonce sits on the background of the glimpse on the skid - at the bik, opposite to the pre-dovoy wrapping of the sky. Tsei zsuv to become close to 1 °. Schob turn to such a kut, the heavenly sphere, it will take more than 4 minutes, on which the culmination of the Sontsya will "be remembered". With such a rank, as a result of the Earth's orbit, the Sonce for the rik is described on the sky as a great number of titles eklіptikoyu(Fig. 17).
So, as Misyats to rob one turn, I will adjust the wrapping of the sky for a month, and to pass through not 1 °, but approximately 13 °, then the culmination will not be 4 mins, but 50 mins.
By the way, they found the Sontsya, they remembered, so two on the rik vono buva on the heavenly equator, in the so-called equal points. Tse vidbuvatsya in days springі autumn day(Close 21 birch and close 23 spring). The depth of the horizon extends to the heavenly ekvator navpil (Fig. 18). To that, in the days of the rivnodennya, the way Sontsya above and below the horizon, even more trivial days and nights.
Yake shilennya Sontsya in the days of rivnodennya?
Rukhayuchis on eklіptitsі, Sonce 22 worms come in found from the heavenly equator in the bіk of the pіvnіchny pole svіtu (23 ° 27 "). 18). The day that has found, is called in the afternoon of the summer songstations.
A great number of eklіptics overtakes a great number of heavenly quarters at 23 ° 27 ". day of winter songstations, 22 chest (div. Fig. 17 and 18). Thus, in the whole day the height of the Sontsya at the upper culmination will change from 22 worms to 46 ° 54 ", and the shortest day. rock.)
Long ago, the deity of Sontsya gave rise to myths that describe the periodically repeated podias of "people", "resurrected" of "God-Sontsya" by holding out to fate: dying of nature together, the creation of a dream, and so on.
Shlyakh Sontsya prolyagє through 12 suzir'iv, which are called zodiakalnymi(From the Greek word zoon - tvarina), and їkh sukupnіst is called a zodiac belt. Before entering such a suzir'ya: ribby, Aries,Taurus, Bliznyuki, cancer, a lion, Diva, wagi, Scorpion, Strelets, Kozerig,Aquarius... Skin zodiakalne suzir'ya Sonce pass close to the month. The point of the spring rivnodennya (one of two crossings of eklіptics with the heavenly ekvator) is located in the suzir'i Rib.
It’s zealous, so that the upper culmination is going to pass zodiacally, as opposed to the one in which the Sonce is located. For example, in the birch Sonce you pass along the edge of the Rib, and the final culminates the edge of the Divi.
Otzhe, we reversed, so the visible collapse of Misyatsya, how to wrap around the Earth, and Sontsya, around which the Earth turns around, appears and is described the same way. And on the basis of only tsikh the guard is not possible to resist, to collapse the Sonce near the Earth or the Earth near the New one.
The planets move against the background of the dawn sky more foldable rank. The stench collapses now in one direction, sometimes in the same direction, sometimes in one direction or another (Fig. 19). The price was poured over according to the knowledge of the movement from the fall of the Earth. On the dawn sky of the planet (in the light of the old Greek "blue") does not occupy a permanent place, so it is Misyats and Sonce itself. To that on the map of the dawn sky, the position of the Sontsya, Misyatsya and the planets can be deprived of the singing moment.
Application solution tasks
Zavdannya. Visit the midday Sontsya in Arkhangelsk and Ashgabat in the summer and winter days.
I respect those who are tied to the midday heights of the Sontsya in the days of the sun (for the skin place) from the view of the day.
Check the visibility of the Sontsya in one and the same day in the same two places in the range of geographic latitudes. To grow a visnovok.
Yak, I know, on the day of the summer song, the height of the Sontsya is in one place, can you count this height in the other place?
Right 4
1. At the same geographic latitude, the Sonce on the day of the summer festival culminates in zenit?
2. At each day, Sonce has a zenith for a sposter, how is it to be on the earthly equator?
3. Specify the geographic latitude of the point at which on the day of the winter event the culmination of the dream will be seen at the point of the day.
zavdannya 3
1. Know 12 zodiac suzir'iv on the zoryaniy card. Krystyuchit rukhomiy with a map of the dawn sky, visually, as they will be visible above the horizon in the evening of caution.
2. For the "School Astronomical Calendar" to know the coordinates of the planets at the given hour and on the map, in which suzir the stench is found. Know every evening in heaven.
Life on our planet lies in a bit of sleepy light and warmth. It’s scary to see if you’re looking at it, but it’s like that there’s no star in the sky, like Sonce. A dermal blade of grass, a dermal leaf, a dermal quotation is the need for heat and light, like people in the world.
Coot fall of the sleepyheads of the road above the horizon
A bit of sleepy light and warmth, as it comes to the earth's surface, is directly proportional to the edge of the exchange. Sleepy slopes can fall to the Earth from 0 to 90 degrees. Kut hitting exchanges on the earth is growing, so our planet has the shape of a cooler. Chim is great, tim is lighter and warmer.
In such a rank, as soon as it goes down to 0 degrees, it does not heat up the surface of the earth. Such a kut fall of buvak on Pivnichny and Pivdenny poles, behind the polar stake. From a straight line of sleepyheads, they fall onto the square and onto the surface of the Pivdennim and
Yaksho kut hitting the sleepy barriers on the ground is straightforward, so talk about those who
In such a rank, the exchange on the surface of the earth and the height of the sun over the horizon is equal to oneself. To lodge a stench from geographic latitude. Chim nearer to zero latitude, tim kut fall nearer to 90 degrees, tim more is the sun above the horizon, it is warmer and lighter.
Yak sun zmіnyuє its height above the horizon
The height of the sun over the horizon is not of a constant magnitude. Navpaki, get ready to change. The reason for this is to cry in the uninterrupted rus of the planet Earth near the star of the Sonce, as well as the wrapped planet Earth near the power axis. As a result, there is a day of change, but there will be one day.
The territory between the paths will take away the most warmth and light, here it is a day and not practically to bring one to one for a triviality, and a dream is to be in the zenith 2 times in a ric.
The surface behind the polar stake will take away all less warmth and light, then there is such a witness, like and not, like being close to the pivot.
Days of Autumn and Spring
4 main astrological dates were seen, as the height of the sun over the horizon. Spring 23rd and Birch 21st - the days of autumn and springtime. Tse means that the height of the sun over the horizon at the heather and birch in the middle of the day is 90 degrees.
The weather is the same, but the night before the next day. If it is astrological autumn in Pivnichniy Pivkuly, then in Pivdenny, Navpaki, it’s spring. The same can be said about winter and summer. It's winter in Pivdenniy Pivkul, then it's summer in Pivnichny.
Days of summer and winter
22 worms and 22 breasts - summer days and 22 breasts speed up the shortest day and found nothing at the winter season, and the winter dawn is at the lowest altitude over the horizon for the whole rik.
The sun is located at a latitude of 66.5 degrees below the horizon and does not descend. It’s a phenomenon, if the winter sun does not descend on the horizon, it’s called the polar night. Nykorotsha nich boom at a latitude of 67 degrees and only 2 dobies, and found a boom at the poles and 6 months!
Breast є from the US rock thomas mіsyatsom, if in Pіvnіchnіy pіvkulі found nights. People in Central Russia prokidayutsya on the robot in the dark and turn around in the dark hour to finish. It’s a very important month for a bagatech, as the failure of the sleepy light is signified on the physical and moral stan of people. There are reasons for the development of depression.
In Moscow in 2016, there will be a meeting in the chest on the 1st of the week at 08.33. With a triviality of the day, the warehouse is 7 years old. beyond the horizon it will be even early, about 16.03. Nich stock is 16 years old and 31 hilin. With such a rank, to walk, you will get 2 times more nights, not the triviality of the day!
Tsiho roku day of winter sleep - 21 breasts. Nykorotshiy day is trivial, rіvno 7 years. It takes 2 days to run through the same situation. I already from the 24th day of the day before arrival, altogether, altogether.
In the middle of the day, you will get ready for one hour of light. In the beginning of the month, the dream in the breast will be about 9 years old, about 27 years old, less than the 1st breast
22 worm - the day of the summer songstations. Everything is taken from the exactness to the navpaki. For the whole of the day he found the day for the triviality and the nicholas. Price for Pivnichnoe Pivkuly.
Pivdenny has all the navpaks. In the afternoon, we knitted the tsikavi of natural phenomena. It is a polar day beyond the Polar stake, the sun does not go beyond the horizon at the Pivnichnoe Pole for 6 months. In St. Petersburg, in the middle of the night, the riddles are being repaired. Trivayut the stench from about the middle of the worm, stretching out two or three types.
All 4 astrological dates can change for 1-2 days, so as a sleepy ric does not expect to become a calendar fate. It is also a substitute for leap years.
The sun is hanging over the horizon and the climatic mind
Sonce is one of the most important climate-forming factors. Falsely, as the height of the sun was changing over the horizon above the concrete earthly surface, it was changing the climatic mind and the rock.
For example, on the Extreme Winter Promenade, the dream falls down even with a small kut, and only if they bridle the surface of the earth, it does not heat up. Because of the mindset of the clime factor, there is suvoriy in the edge of the land, the presence of permafrost, cold winters with cries of wines and snags.
It’s more than the height of the sun over the horizon, it’s warmer than the climate. For example, on the ekvatorі the wine is super-hot, tropical. Seasonal traffic is also practically not seen in the area of adequateness, in these areas it is usually summer.
Vimiryuvannya visoti sontsya over the horizon
It seems that everything is genial - simple. So and here. An adjunct for vimіryuvannya visoti sontsya over the horizon is elementary simple. Vin is a horizontal surface with a pole in the middle up to 1 meter. On a sleepy day, the rail is shown as short as it is. For the additional support of the most recent and successful events and events. It is necessary to freeze the cut between the end of the tin and the end of the line, and the end of the line with the end of the tin. The magnitude of the kuta is the magnitude of the kuta, and there will be a significant sun over the horizon. Tsey prilad is called a gnomon.
Gnomon is the ancient astrological instrument. Look and feel and attach for the vimiruvannya of the sky above the horizon, such as a sextant, a quadrant, an astrolabe.
a) For a sposter at the pivnichnom pole of the Earth ( j = + 90 °) do not go with the svitols є ті, for those d-- and ?? 0, but not deviant, for some d--< 0.
Tab. 1. The height of the midday Sontsya in the middle latitudes
The positive news was from Sontsya buvaє from 21 birch trees to 23 birches, and negatively - from 23 birches to 21 birches. Otzhe, at the winter pole of the Earth, the Sonce is approximately unbeatable for a winter, and an unpretentious one for a winter. Close to 21 birch trees The Sonce appears here above the horizon (to descend) and after the end of the wrapping of the heavenly sphere, I will describe the curves, close to the cola and even parallel to the horizon, passing through the day all the way and the whole thing. On the day of the lithium sonstoyannya (close to 22 worms) h max = + 23 ° 27 " ... The dream of the Sonce started to approach the horizon, the height of its step-by-step changes and the fall of the autumn day (April 23rd) seems to be below the horizon (to enter). The day, when it’s trivial for pivrok, will end and fix now, as it’s also trivial for pivrok. The dream, continuing to describe the curves, is parallel to the horizon, ale below it, to descend all the lower and lower, On the day of the winter sleep (close to 22 chest), the horizon will descend to the top h min = - 23 ° 27 " And then, again, I’ll be closer to the horizon, the height of it will be zbіlshuvatisya, and before the day of the spring rіvnodennya the Sonce will again appear above the horizon. For a sposter at the north pole of the Earth ( j= - 90 °) dobové rukh Sontsya vіdbuvaєtsya with the same rank. Only here is Sonce to go on the 23rd spring, and to enter on the 21st birch, and if at the winter pole of the Earth there is no time, on the wintertime - the day, and navpaki.
b) For a sposter on a polar pole ( j= + 66 ° 33 " ) Do not enter є svitila z d--і + 23 ° 27 " , And non-deviant - s d < - 23° 27". Also, on the winter polar circle of the Sonts, do not go on the day of the summer song N) I do not go on the day of the winter song stand S, and then the horizon descends again). In the last days of the Sonce rock, go and go in at the same latitude. At the maximum height at noon, it is very easy to reach on the day of the summer song ( h max = + 46 ° 54 "), and on the day of the winter season at midday the height is minimal ( h min = 0 °). On the first polar count ( j= - 66 ° 33 ") Do not go on the day of the winter performance and do not go on the day of the summer performance.
Winter and early polar cola є theoretical boundaries of quiet geographic latitudes, it is possible polar days and nights(Days and nights, which are more than 24 years old).
In the mountains, which lie behind the polar stakes, the Sonce is an unforgettable and unforgiving light, even closer to the geographic poles. The world is close to the poles, the triviality of polar days and nights are growing.
c) For a sposter on the wine path ( j- = + 23 ° 27 ") The dream is hungry and come with a light. On the day of the summer festival, there is a maximum reach h max = + 90 °, to pass through the zenit. In the last days of rock, Sonce is reported to culminate on a weekday in Zenit. On the day of the winter dream, the minimum is midday height h min = + 43 ° 06 ".
On the paved path ( j = - 23 ° 27 ") You can also go and enter the dream. " ) - on the day of the summer concert. In the last few days, the Sonce opіvdnі culminates here on the pіvnіch vіd zenіtu.
In the mountains, where to lie between the paths and polar stakes, Sonce to go and go to the rock. The triviality of the day is greater than the triviality of the night, and the triviality of the day is less than the triviality of the day. The midday height of Sontsya here is always less than 90 ° (in the middle of the paths) and more than 0 ° (in the polar mountains).
In the middle of the day, which lies between the paths, the Sonce will be in the midst of the mountains on the river, in those days, if you see the geographic latitude of the world.
d) For a sposter on the Earth Equator ( j- = 0) all lights, including і Sonce, є vischіdny, and to go. When the stench is 12 years old, the stench is above the horizon, and 12 years is before the horizon. Also, at the same time, the triviality of the day depends on the triviality of the night. Two times on the river Sonce were announced in Zenit (21 birch and 23 spring).
From the 21st birch to the 23rd spring of the Sonce on the ekvatorі culminates in reports on the first day of the zenita, and from the 23rd spring to the 21st birch - on the first day of the zenіtu. Minimal midday height Sontsya will be available here h min = 90 ° - 23 ° 27 " = 66 ° 33 " (22 worms and 22 breasts).
The area of the sky in the boundaries of the established cordons. The whole sky is divided into 88 suzir'iv, which can be known by their characteristic rosette of stars.
Deyakі name the suzir'iv tied with the walnut mythology, for example Andromeda, Perseus, Pegasus, deyakі - with the objects that make the figurians, nominated with the bright eyes of the suzir'iv: Strila, Trikutnik, Tricutnik Names of creatures, for example Leo, Cancer, Scorpion.
Suzir'ya on the skies to know, the thoughts are drawn from the eyes of the sky with direct lines to the deyaku figure. In the case of the skin suzir, the stars have long been known by the walnut letters, most often the most popular zirka suzir'ya - by the letter, sometimes by letters, etc. in the order of the alphabet at a direct decrease in yaskravostі; by the way, Polyarnaya zirkaє suzir'ya few Vedmedits.
Zirki may grow bright and bright: biliy, zhovty, chervoniy. Chim chervono zirka, tim is colder. Our Sonce is known to the zhovtikh zirok.
The ancient Arabs gave the glory of the stars to the power of the name. Bili zirki: Vega in the suzir'i Liri, Altair in the eagle's suzir, Sirius- nayaskravіsha zirka of the sky (visible in charge); chervony zirki: Betelgeuse in the suzir'i of Orion i Aldebaran in the suzir'i Taurus (visible in charge), Antares in the suzir'i of Scorpion (vletka is visible); zhovta drip in the suzir'ї of Viznichy (see the charge).
Exactly show how the glare yak shots, so negative values, for example: for Aldebaran Zoryan the value m= 1.06, for Vega m= 0.14, for Syrius m= -1.58, for Sontsya m = - 26,80.
The manifestation of the dobovy rohu zirok vivchayut, speeding up the mathematical motive - the heavenly sphere, that is, the clear sphere of the dovіlny radіus, the center of which is located at the point of caution.
The axis of the visible wrapping of the celestial sphere, when it gets hurt by the pole of light (P and R ") and passes through the sposter, is called vissyu svitu... The axis of light for any kind of sposter will be parallel to the axis of the Earth's wrapping.
I will zrobit zoryan map, like imaging the suzir'ya on the area, requiring the nobility to coordinate the zirok. In the equatorial system of one coordinate є it was seen from the heavenly equator, called vіdmіnoyu... Vono change between ± 90 ° and be positive on a personal level as well as negative on a weekday. Shilyannya is analogous to geographic latitude. Another coordinate is analogous to geographical coordinates and is called direct convergence.
Directly converging the light was to be seen as a kut between the areas of the great kil, one to pass through the poles of the light and the light, and the other - through the poles of the light and the point of the spring day, so to lie on the square. This is how they called the point to the one in the Sonce buvaє (in the heavenly sphere) hanging 20-21 birch trees, if the day is early night.
Geographical latitude value
The manifestation of passing through the heavenly meridian was called culmination. At the upper culmination, the height of the light is maximum, at the lower culmination, it is minimal. An hour or so between the culminations of the two halves of the add-on.
The geographic latitude is possible by virtue of the fact that it depends on the height of any light from the view of the view at the upper culmination. At the same time, when it happened that at the moment of culmination it was felt to be on the day of the meeting, then it was negative.
APPLICATION RISHENNYA ZAVDANNYA
zavdannya... Sirius bouv at the upper culmination at a height of 10 °. Why do you want the latitude of the place to be cautious?
Eklіptics. Visible ruh Sontsya and Misyatsya
Sonce and Misyats zmіnuyut hang, on yak stench culminate. It is possible to start building a picture, but it’s possible to change it. Seemingly, the Earth collapses near Sontsya, and Misyats near the Earth.
By the start of the visit to the Sontsya, they saw it, they remembered it, but it was two on the rik vono buvak on the heavenly equator, in the so-called at the same time... Tse vidbuvatsya in days springі autumn day(Close 21 birch and close 23 spring). The depth of the horizon extends the heavenly ekvator navpil. To that, in the days of the rivnodennya, the Sontsya way over and under the horizon, the same, rivni trivial days and nights. Rukhayuchis on eklіptitsі, Sonce 22 worms come found from the heavenly adequate in the north pole of light (at 23 ° 27 "). in the afternoon summer songstations.
Shlyakh Sontsya prolyagє through 12 suzir'iv, which are called zodiac (from the Greek word zoon - creature), and їkh sukupnіst is called zodiac belt. Before entering such a suzir'ya: Ribi, Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Diva, Terezi, Scorpio, Strelets, Capricorn, Aquarius... Skin zodiakalne suzir'ya Sonce pass close to the month. The point of the spring rivnodennya (one of two crossings of eklіptics with the heavenly ekvator) is located in the suzir'i Rib.
APPLICATION RISHENNYA ZAVDANNYA
zavdannya... Visit midday Sontsya in Arkhangelsk and Ashgabat in the summer and winter days
| given 1 = 65 ° |
RISHENNYA The approximate latitude of Arkhangelsk (1) and Ashgabat (2) is known from the geographic map. Vіdmіni Sontsya in the days of summer and winter songstations vіdomі. it is known: |
| 1L -? 2L -? 1Z -? 2s -? |
Rukh Misyatsya. Sleepy and millennial darkening
Not being self-sufficient, Mysyats is seen only in this part, where sleepy exchanges fall, or the exchanges are brought to the Earth. We will explain to you by fazi Misyatsya. Shomisyatsya Misyats, collapsing in orbit, pass through the Earth and the Son, and beaten up to us by the dark side, a young man will be seen for an hour. After 1 - 2 days, a young Misyats' vigorous sickle appears in the western part of the sky. The Іnsha part of the thousandth disk is at the end of the hour weakly illuminated by the Earth, turned to Misyats by its own day. After 7 dib, the Misyats goes out to the Sontsya at 90 °, it’s the last bit, if half of the Misyatsya and the “thermator” disk is illuminated, so that the line breaks out the light and the dark side, and becomes straight - the disc with a diameter of one thousand meters. At the beginning of the day, the "terminator" will become opucleate, the view of Misyatsya will come close to a light cola and in 14 - 15 dib the next month will come. On the 22nd, the rest of the damn thing will be spared. Kutova vіdstan Mіsyatsya vіd Sontsya change, I know it will become a sickle, and after 29.5 I will bring a young man. Promizhok between two years old youngsters are called a synodic month, which is an average triviality of 29.5 dB. The orbital month is larger than the sidereal one. As a young man seeks close to one of the universities in the millennial orbit, it is drowsy when it is darkened, and when the university grows, it’s superimposed on the monthly blackout.
Monthly and Sleepy Blackout
After a small change in the Earth's appearance from Misyatsya and Sontsya visible kutovy diameter Misyatsya buvaє sometimes more, sometimes less than sleepy, sometimes more expensive. At the first, the darkening of the Sontsya is trivial up to 7 min. 40 s, in the third - only one mity, and in the other, Misyats does not curl up. not dimming... Todi, near the dark disc of Misyatsya, a syyuchy rim of the dormant disc can be seen.
On the basis of an accurate knowledge of the laws of the Earth and Misyatsya, it is counted hundreds of rockets ahead of the moments of darkness and those that de and how the stench will be visible. Folded pictures, which show a dark darkening, line (isophase), de darkening will be seen in the same phases, and lines, which are evident for the skin muscle, you can see the moments of the cob, the middle of the darkening.
Sleepy darkness in rotsi for the Earth can be from two to five, in the rest it is not uncommonly private. In the middle, in one and the same moment, the sleepy darkening of the bush can be seen superficially rarely - less than once 200-300 rocky stretches.
Yakshho Misyats to be found in the Sonce and the Earth in youngsters, so that the drowsy darkening is trawling. When the darkening occurs again, the sleepy disc closes. In the middle of a white day, there are days with a rapt on a splinter of khilin, and with an indefinite eye, you can see the crown of the Sontsya and nayaskravishy zirka faintly light up.
Outside the dormant darkening
The exact hour and the appointment of geographic reasons
For short advances in an hour in astronomy, the main unit є middling triviality of sleepyheads, T. Ye. Middle hour between two upper (or lower) culminations of the Sontsya center. It’s tied together, so the Earth will wrap around Sontsya not according to the stake, but according to the elixir and the efficiency of the ruch at a time.
The moment of the upper culmination of the Sontsya center, to be called true noon... Ale for the reversal of the year, for the appointment of the exact hour, it is not necessary to take into account the very moment of the culmination of the Sontsya. More precisely in terms of the moment of the culmination of the stars, as well as the development of the moments of the culmination of either the glimpse and the Sontsya is definitely a home for any hour.
The appointment of the exact hour, the first time, and the radio transmission to the entire population becomes service of the exact hour, Yaka isnu in Bagatokh Lands.
For a rakhunka of great promises in the hour, people have long ago been victorious about the triviality of either a month's month, or a sleepy rock, that is, the triviality of wrapping the Sontsya according to an essay. Rіk viznachaє periodicity of seasonal changes. Sleepy Rik Triva 365 Sleepy Dib 5 Years 48 Khvili 46 Seconds.
When the calendar is folded, it is necessary to wrap up, so the triviality of the calendar fate is closer to triviality.
90 ° - 58 ° 34 "= 31 ° 26"
2. From Moscow (n = 2) lіtak viletіv at 23h45min and arriving to Novosibirsk (n = 5) at 6 08min. How much did you spend at the polo for an hour?
24-00 - 23-45 + 6-08 = 6-23 hours
Riznitsya in the hour between Moscow and Novosibirsk = 3 years. 6-23 - 3 years = 3-23
3-23 years or an hour to reload
3. Yake shilennya zenitu point? Yaka midday visota Sontsya in Krasnozersky (φ = 53 ° 58 "N) March 21?
4. From Vladivostok (n = 9) at 14h20min a telegram was sent to St. Petersburg (n = 2), the de von was delivered to the addressee at 11h25min. How many hours passed from the moment of sending telegrams to the moment of delivery to the addressee?
Riznitsya in a hour between Vladivostok and St. Petersburg = 7 years. If Vladivostots has 14-20, in St. Petersburg it is 7-20. 11-25 - 7-20 = 4-05.
Otzhe, it takes 4 years 05 khvili for delivery.
5. At 18h32min after the start of the month the navigator of the ship received the signal of the Moscow hour, transmissions at 11h. Visit the ship's house, where you see the house of the Moscow city (2h30 m).
2 years = 30 °; 60 hours of the hour change 15 °, from the same, 30 hours of the hour of change of 7.5 °. Apparently, the distance to Moscow is 37.5 ° E.
Riznitsya in hours between the ship and Moscow 7 hours 32 hvili.
60 time-consuming chilines change 15 °; from the same, 7 years old, 105 ° dovgoti; 30 hours of hviliina vіdpovіdaє 7.5 °; 4 time hviliina vіdpovіdaє 1 °; 2 Timing hviliina vіdpovіdaє 0.5 °. Thus, at 7h 32m the altitude is 113 °.
A ship of re-sewing on the axis to Moscow at 113 °.
Otzhe, the ship's total output is 113 + 37.5 = 150.5 ° E.
6. In every place on Earth, two times in the Sonce is in zenit? Please explain.
2 times on the river Sonce it is located in the zenity above the territory, roztashovanoyi mіzh paths.
22.06 Sonce to cross from the pivnichny path to the pivden, 22.12 Sonce to cross from the pivdenny path.
7. On any day, the fate was held in Novosibirsk (φ = 55 °), when the midday height of the Sontsya appeared at 32 ° 15 "?
90 - φ - silyannya Sontsya = 32 ° 15 "
90 - 55 - Shilyannya Sontsya = 32 ° 15 "
90 - 55 - 32 ° 15 "= Shilyannya Sontsya
2 ° 45 "= Shilyan Sontsya.
Minimum midday height Sontsya in Novosibirsk one 90 ° - 55 ° - 23.5 ° = 11.5 °
Midday visota Sontsya in Novosibirsk on the day of the day of the road 90 ° - 55 ° = 35 °
From the same day, at midday, the Sontsya road is 32 ° 15 ", and it will be negative.
23.5 ° view 1410 kutovim khviliin
Sonce in 93 days to move to 1410 kutovykh khilin
The dream will change 15 kutovikhilins in 1 day. 2 ° 45 "Vidpovidaє 165". It will move 2 ° 45 "Sonce takes 11 days. From the Sonce, 11 days from the main day. 09.23 - 11 days = 09.12.
Otzhe, caution in Novosibirsk was carried out on 12.09.
8. Start the Muscovite hour in Novosibirsk (λ = 5h32 m), when the year will show the middle Moscow hour (n = 2) 18h38min.
Novosibirsk roztasovaniye on the road from Moscow.
= 5h32m means that Novosibirsk will display from Grinvich for a whole hour.
60 time-consuming chilines change 15 °; from the 5th anniversary of the date of 75 °; 30 hours of hviliina vіdpovіdaє 7.5 °; 4 time hviliina vіdpovіdaє 1 °; 2 Timing hviliina vіdpovіdaє 0.5 °. In such a rank, 5h 32m rise to 83 °.
Otzhe, Novosibirska 83 ° E.
The middle Moscow hour is 30 ° E, Tom, the Moscow belt is the 2nd, the middle meridian is multiple 15 °.
With such a rank, the rise in the honors between the hour of Novosibirsk and the middle of Moscow become 53 °.
60 time-consuming chilines change 15 °; from the same, 3 years ago, 45 ° dovgoti;
53 ° - 45 ° = 8 °
7.5 ° c. 30 hours 0.5 ° vidpovidє 2 tim
In such a rank, 53 ° dovot and vіdpovіdaut 3h 32m
18h38m + 3h 32m = 22h10m - the first hour in Novosibirsk.
9. Vosni mislivets pishov in the forest along the Polar Zirka. Yak is guilty of turning back, taking care of Sonts' provisions?
Direction to Polar star - є directly to pivnich. Autumn astronomically falls on a period close to the autumn day. That day and not nearly equal. Otzhe, along the road to the lis (and tse ranok) Sonce maє buti on the right along the road. On the ringing road mislivets for the evening in the evening, then, the Sonce roztashovuєutsya at the entrance. Sonce maє buti on the right.
10. De Sontse on the same day buva vishche: in Novosibirsk (φ = 55 °), or in Moscow (φ = 55 ° 45 ").
On the same day, the Sonce will, however, be trained for the points of growth in the same season between the path and the pole. Otzhe, the height to lie down from the latitude of the month. Chim the latitude is lower, the time for the іnsh іvnykh minds, the midday height is Sontsya vishche. Riznitsa vizot Sontsya for 2 points in case of vimiryuvanna in one day to grow to the difference in latitudes
On the same day, noon visota Sontsya vishche in Novosibirsk
On the same day, the midday height of the Sontsya Vishche in Novosibirsk, lower in Moscow at 45 "
11. Start the morning hour at the point, the geographic time at 7h46m, when the year in Moscow (λ = 2h30m) show the hour at 18h38min.
The point of retouching on the route from Moscow.
λ = 2h30m means that Moscow will display from Grinvich for a whole hour.
60 time-consuming chilines change 15 °; from the same, 2 years old, 30 ° dovotti; 30 team hours khviliina vidpovidaє 7.5
λ = 7h46m means that the point of departure from Grinvicha for a whole hour
60 time-consuming chilines change 15 °; from the same, 7 years old, we see 105 ° dovotti;
4 hours of the hour is 1 °, from the same, 44 is of the hour is 11 °.
0.5 ° vidpovidє 2 tim
to point 105 ° + 11 ° + 05 ° = 116.5 ° E.
In such a rank, the rise in the warriors between the Moscow hour and the point becomes 116.5 ° - 37.5 ° = 79 °
60 time-consuming chilines change 15 °; from the same, 75 ° dovoti correspond to 5 years;
4 time hviliina vіdpovіdaє 1 °; From the same, 4 ° view of 16 hours.
Otzhe, the rise in Moscow and the point of growth in the hour 5h16m.
18h38m + 5h 16m = 23h54m - the first hour at this point.
12. Between points to go and go to Sonce on the day of the winter songstations?
22.12 Sonce go to point y-in and go to point y-z
13. Near Moskva (λ = 2h30 m, n = 2) the year will show an hour 18h50min. Yake at the time of the month of the month and the time in Omsk (λ = 4h54 m, n = 5)?
Rіznitsya mіzh Moscow and Omskiy become 3 years in one hour.
Omsk on the road to Moscow. Otzhe, 18h50min + 3h = 21h50min
Standard hour in Omsk 21h50min
60 time-consuming chilines change 15 °; from the same, 2 years old, 30 ° dovotti; 30 team hours khviliina vidpovidaє 7.5
In this rank, 2year 30m rise 37.5 ° E.
60 time-consuming chilines change 15 °; from the same mother, 4 years old, we will be 60 °;
4 Timchasov Khviliina vіdpovіdaє 1 °, from the same, 52 Khviliina vіdpovіda 13 ° Dovgoti
2 timchasovim khviliina vіdpovіdaє 0,5 ° dovgoti
In such a rank, 4h54 m reach 73.5 ° E.
Riznitsa dovot mіzh Moscow and Omsk become 73.5 ° E. - 37.5 ° E = 36 ° dovotti.
15 ° to be ready for 1 year; 1 ° Dovgoti vіdpovіdaє 4 tim.
In such a rank, 36 ° can be considered for 2 years and 24 hilini.
18h50min + 2h24min = 21h14min
Mistseviy hour in Omsk 21h14minutes
14. Between points to go and go to Sonce on the day of the summer song?
06.22 Sonce go to point z-v and go to point z-z
15. Yaka dovgota mіstsya spared, yakscho sposterіgach having respected, how the sleepy darkening began at 13h52m, but guilty of being at 7h15m behind Greenwich?
13h52m - 7h15m = 6h37m - there will be a warning from Hrynvich.
15 ° to be ready for 1 year; 6 hours from 90 °
1 ° dovgoti vidpovidaє 4 timchasovym khviliiny; 36 hilinam admit 9 ° dovgoti
60 kutovim khviliin vіdpіyut 4 timhіvі khviliiny
15 kutovim khvilina vidpovidaє 1 timchasova khvilina
Otzhe, dovgota m_stsya with caution 99 ° 15 "V.D.
16. At the same geographic latitude, the midday height of Sontsya is not 23 ° 26 "?
The maximum midday height is held in the winter season on the day of the summer season and in the summer season on the day of the winter season. We have a day of sleepyachne shilyannya maє + 23 ° 26 ".
h = 90 ° - φ + 23 ° 26 "; annealed at h = 23 ° 26" φ = 90 ° - 23 ° 26 "+ 23 ° 26" = 90 °
The midday height of Sontsya does not cross 23 ° 26 "at the latitude of the winter pole on 22.06 and the north pole on 22.12.