Natsіonalna vіyna pіd kіrіvnytvom bohdan khmelnitsky shortly. Khmelnitsky insurrection. Ukraine ahead of the Khmelnitsky insurrection
The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The population was given to subordinate oppression: feudal and national-religious.
respect 1
At $ 1,596, the boola is accepted Brestska Unia, Yaka led to the end of the Russian Uniatsky Church. Having nabuvshi in the union, they sat down with the Catholic church, and rituals behind the Greek Orthodox church.
Polish magnates forcibly oppressed the great lands, flocking to the masters of the majestic latifundia. The Catholic Russian nobles, loyal to the Polish-Lithuanian government: Vishnevets, Ostrozki and іn, also accepted great landowners. At the same time, the growth of the struggle and the growing evil of the townspeople and the villagers grows.
The Cossacks also did not bully with their camp. For the capture of cordons and the appearance of threats, they were put on a special list - registry... Behind the register is the city's wine. However, the number of Cossacks on Zaporizkiy Sichi gradually grew, but the register did not change. Tse led to riots on the cob XVII in simple Cossacks against propolsky hetmans.
Prepare robots on a similar topic
Bezposrednіm drive, which caused the insurrection of Khmelnitsky behind itself, became Chergove Polish lawlessness. Danilo Chaplinsky, Polish captain and priest of the place of Chigirin saw the sadiba, vikra kokhan, and the death of the son of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, the reestoral Cossack.
go
Bohdan Khmelnitsky born in $ 1596 m i will finish the noble campaign. Winning the good European sanctification, albeit not overriding Catholicism. Having taken part in the Polish-Turkish vіynі and having spent time in the polony. Bohdan Khmelnitsky good ones with the king Vladislav IV.
Hated Khmelnitsky Pidstarost Danilo Chaplinsky attacking Yogo Khutir Subotiv, Vikrav Kohan Gelena and married with her. The decimal syn was beat up brutally, and he died. Khmelnitsky's beasts to the power and to visit the king especially did not help, navpaki, he was imprisoned before being killed for the invaders of the insurrection.
Not having achieved payment for the law, Khmelnytskyi was independent for the day. The fierce $ 1648 has a group of kozaks on the island Tomakivka She took the decision to go to Sich, she destroyed the Polish garnizon.
Bully held a conversation with the Krimsky Khan, for a bag of what the Polish Khan didn’t get naked, but didn’t say anything.
Bohdan Khmelnitsky was made the hetman of Vijska Zaporozky.
Cossacks defeated the army of the crown hetman Pototsky in the battle of Bilya at $ 1648 Zhovtih Waters i have Korsuni... Peremoga has provided a surge of participants, the way has become visibly. For $ one thousand six hundred and forty $ m Liberal Ukraine, And also Kiev, Podil and Bratslav provinces.
$ 5 $ serpnya $ 1649 m the bucket is stacked Zborivsky agreement: Autonomy has been established - Hetman the capital in Chigirin, with a single ruler in the individual of the hetmans and the supreme body - the General Caucasian Rada; register of adjustments up to $ 40 yew.
At the same hour of the rebellion, they went to Bilorusia, ale nabagato weak. Khmelnitsky guided the Kozaks for help.
On the ear of the insurrection, Khmelnytsky did not once committing himself to take the Cossacks into pedagogy to the Russian tsar, the red one, all the while.
At the heart of $ thousand six hundred fifty-one $ m, the Crimean Tatars in the battle before Berestechkoy hurt the Cossacks, as a result they knew the blows. per Bilotserkivskoy agreement the register was greatly changed.
Nareshti, Vossen $ 1653 $ The Zemsky Cathedral caught the reception of Ukraine to Russia. Charge $ 1654 $ m
respect 2
Respect for the victory from Rich Pospolita. Smolensk was borrowed in $ 1654 m, as well as $ 33 in Bilorussian places (including Polotsk, Vitebsk, Mogiliv).
Sweden sped up the moment and swam into a large part of Poland, including Warsaw. Russia didn’t rule over Sweden, so a ceasefire was made to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth of $ 1656 m
pidbags
Viyna Russia from Rich Pospolita was renewed at $ 1,658 $ m and trivial before being placed in the current $ one thousand six hundred sixty-seven $ m Andrusivsky truce... According to the new viznavalsya inclusion in Russia Liberal Ukraine, turn of Smolensk. We will save the world of $ +1686 $ having secured for Russia Kiev. The progress made by the self-report of Bohdan Khmelnitsky was received.
plan
Entry
1 Reasons and reasons
1.1 Privid
2 Ear of Rebel
2.1 Preparing
2.2 First Peremogi Kozaks
2.3 First Results of the Insurrection
3 Completion of the first stage of viyni
3.1 Visvolny rok of insurgents
3.2 Leaf of Bogdan Khmelnitsky to Tsar Oleksiy Mikhailovich
3.3 Podії kіntsya 1648 rock
4 Other stage
4.1 How to negotiate
4.2 Continuation of the wine
5 Third stage of the process
6 Chronology of the insurrection
7 The treatment of insurrection by historians
8 Mystical treatment
List of Literature
insurrection of Khmelnitsky
Entry
Ancient history Ukraine
The insurrection of Khmelnytsky or Khmelnytsky is the name of the nationally-visually vyyny against the Polish-gentry panuvannya in the territory of the present Ukraine, which was trivial from 1648 to 1654 ric and ocholyuvannoy Bohdan Khmelnytsky (from the Hetman) In a cunning alliance with the Krymsk Khan, the Zaporizka Cossacks were repeatedly deployed on the battlefield with the crown armies and gentry entourage of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The insurrection fell like a local revolt of the Zaporizka Sichi, ale bulo pіdtrimano іnіsіm Orthodox spheres (peasants, gorods, noblemen) and grew into a wide popular movement. The result was a serious weakening of the Polish gentry and Catholic clergy. The struggle with the Poles was carried out with varying success and led to the transition of Vijska Zaporozky to the pedagogy of the Russian kingdom and the ear Russian-Polish wine 1654-1667 rock_v.
1. Reasons and reasons
Strengthening the political influx of "gentry oligarchy" and feudal exploitation of Polish magnates especially manifested themselves in the territory of Western and Pivdenno-Western Rus. The sack of the rapists' flooding of the lands of the shores of the majestic latifundia of such magnates as Konetspolski, Pototski, Kalinovski, Zamoyski and іnshi. So, Stanislav Konetspolsky in Bratslav region alone had 170 places and places, 740 silos. Win the same great lands on the banks of the Dnipro. Immediately, the great earthly youth of the Russian nobility grew up, and until the end of the hour, the Catholic Church was growing up and became obsessed. Until the eighth day, there were Vishnevetsky, Kiseli, Ostrozki and іn. The princes Vishnevetsky, ancestors and relatives of those (Dmitro Vishnevetsky, Glinsky, Ruzhinsky, Dashkevich) were the great fathers-fathers and the first otamans of Vijska Zaporozky Nizovoy, for example, there was a lot of the whole Poltava region with 40 thousand etc.
All the prices for the development of rural duties, between the rights and the laws of the church, and the order of the church to the Roman throne. French engineer Boplan, who from the ear of the 1630s to 1648 went to the Polish service, zokrema, meaning that the villagers there are suspiciously awkward, the smell of sentiment to give their panov all that they want; їхнє encampment "girshe, nіzh encampment of galley nevilnikiv".
The forerunner of the war was the numerical Cossack insurrection of the 1620-30s:
Insurrection Zhmaylo 1625 rock
Fyodorovich's insurrection in 1630 to fate
Sulimi insurrection 1635
Pavlyuk's insurrection in 1637
Revolt Ostryanitsa and Guni 1638 to rock
However, all the stinks were aware of the strikes in the 1638-1648 rr. having risen so ranks the period of "golden calm", if the Cossack insurrection has begun.
The drive for the cob of rebellion became the Chergovy manifestation of the magnate svavil. Agents of Chyhyryn’s old age on a cholі with old age Danil Chaplinsky visited Bohdan Khmelnitsky’s yogo Subotivske matok; Khmelnytskyy, having shukati the court of the ruling on the outrageousness, ale the Polish judges knew that they didn’t get a good fortune from their squad, but we didn’t need any documents for Volodymyr Saturday. Then Khmelnitskiy rushed to Chaplinsky and wielded that shavelniy fight, ale buv, in a healthy way, the club's nudges by Chaplinsky's servants and yak "pidburyuvach" boulevards in the old town of the village, friends in the winter. The beast to the Polish king, whom Khmelnitsky knew by the earliest hours, appeared to be unsuccessful, as he said: "You have your sabbath ...". Khmelnitsky zrozum_v natyak in his own way. Greetings and torment, Khmelnytsky from the gospodar's ruler re-created in conducting the insurrection.
2. Ear of Rebel
2.1. preparing
At 1648 r Bogdan Khmelnitsky virus on Sich (on the way, he got a serious zagin and got a Polish garnizon), de 24 now he was reversed by the hetman. At the same time, a surge of volunteers from all Ukraine - mainly villagers - for those hetmans organizing the "course" of their training, in the course of some guided goats started volunteers in hand-to-hand combat, fighters. head problem Khmelnitsky in the plan of training before the insurrection, The hetman rozrahovuvav for an alliance with the Krymsk Khan. As a result of the negotiations, Іslam Girey nadislav Kozaks for additional help from thousands of Tatar leaders. The insurrection grew out of the great shvidk_styu. Already in the fierce great Hetman Koronny (Vіyskovy Minіstr) of Poland, Mykola Pototsky, told King Vladislav about those that “there wasn’t a single village, a zhodny town, in which they didn’t lunar, and they didn’t want to call the panellists. rent ". Pototskiy і th intercessor, the full hetman of the crown Martin Kalinovskiy was punished punishingly against the insurgents.
2.2. First peremogi kozaks
Nazustrіch vіysku Khmelnitskogo tearing down Mykoly Pototskyi Stefan in his paddock. The army of Stefan Pototskiy passed through the steppe and did not start. 6 May 1648 rocky Khmelnitskiy attacked her with all his life and vshent, smashing the Polish way with a stream of Zhovty Vodi. Battle of Zhovtymi Vody became the first hundred times of the insurrection. After the victory, Khmelnitsky was led directly to Korsun, the protest Poles outrun the rebels, attacked the city, plundered him, and invaded a part of the population. Khmelnytsky's virgin nagna vіysko, and 15 May 1648 the Polish army on a cholі with Mykola Pototskyi and Martin Zaslavskiy spent a stopover not far from Korsun (on Gorokhovіy Dibrovі) and sent a fire. In the course Battle of Korsun Mayzhe twenty thousandth Korolivske Vіysko Bulo was degraded by the Cossack-Tatar army; Polish commanders Pototsky and Kalinovsky boules were taken in full and given to the Tatars as a handyman for their help.
2.3. The first results of the insurrection
As a result of the victory at Zhovtyh Waters and Korsun, the part of Ukraine was really strong. The great revolutions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took away the development of the insurrection, as they hunted the new verses of the Ukrainian peasantry, the cossacks and the townspeople. Everywhere there were villagers and cossacks; the villagers were "rendered" by the masses. The people took over the places and the pansky sadibes, they knew the surplus of uryadovy and magnates' vіysk. The visvolny roach was reigned in Bilorusia. Among the rogortans of the Bilorussian people, a great role was played by the directing of Khmelnitsky in the Bilorus of cossacks. Thus, the insurrection of 1648 pivoted into a voluntary war of the Ukrainian and Belarusian people against the harsh feudal and national oppression.
On May 20, 1648, King Vladislav IV died in Warsaw. Pochavsya period "mіzhtsarіv'ya", which played its role in vogomom podіyah.
3. Completion of the first stage of wine
3.1. Visvolnyi rukh opryshkiv
With the hand of 1648, the insurrection in the alliance with the Tatars in the union with the Tatars in 1648 continued unabatedly in the Ukrainian territory through the Polish presence. Before the end of the day, the Cossacks vibrated the Poles from Livoberezhzha, and in the end of the sickle, having changed, they struck three right-bank provinces: Bratslavske, Kievske and Podilske. Vizvolna mіsіya of insurgents supervised by village pogroms: pansky masks were scorched, earth was burned, blinded to Polish and vreyske population.
3.2. Leaf of Bohdan Khmelnitsky to Tsar Oleksiy Mikhailovich
Nayasnіyshіy of a nobleman and glorious joy to the Tsar of Moscow, and we are a great merciful pan and goodness.
Likewise, because of the contempt of God, that it became, whom they themselves thought and thought about that, abichmo years now could through the messenger of their good health, your royal nobleman, see and find the best of peace. Even God almighty Heavenly God sent us from your royal grandeur, I wish it was not up to us, until Pan Kisel was sent in his needs, which our comrades of the Cossacks didn’t take in the way, they turned up to us.
Through which your kingly nobleman radiantly came to us in the form of making a report of our old-time walnut, for a long time and for the liberty of their crooked deservedness, as of the kings of old.
[Tv] orets our Savior Isus Christ, who bitten the bred people and the crooked tears of the Bidny, with caress and mercies to his saints, glancing at us, as if by sending his word to the holy, praying us. Yaku pit was beaten by us to Vikopat, they themselves collapsed in nyu, but the Lord God gave us the help of great camps, and the Lord God helped us and took three hetmans with live bait from other sanatoriums: first on Zholt Vodi, in the field in the middle of the road, it was clogged, komisar Pan Krakivskyi, they did not flow with one soul. Then the hetman himself, the great Pan Krakivsky, from the innocent, is kind to the hetman, Pan Martin Kalinovsky, the hetman of the general crown, while Korsun was the place, they spent a lot of money in captivity, and all the quarters until Schadko and Rozbit; We didn’t take it, but the people didn’t take it, which they served us [in that m] from the king of Krimsky. They gave us a message about those of your [tsar's] grandeur, and Pevna we see the view of Zaishov [la vid] of Prince Dominik Zaslavsky, who before us sent us about the prospect of pleading, and seeing Pan Kisel, the king of Braslav, our death she took Rozuma, for the cause of the quiet nefarious enemies of ours, who are rich in kings in our land, for which the land is now completely empty. The time of the blessing of the sovereign sovereign in his land, like your princely noble Orthodox Christian Tsar, Azalea, the anticipatory prophecy from Christ our God has accepted, everything is in the hands of his holy mercy. In what we are honoring your royal grandeur, as if the will of God beat on it, and thy royal time hurry, which does not fly, to attack that panache, and in all Viysky Zaporozky, I am ready to serve your royal nobleman, to which I am ready to find Xia is given away.
Until the moment of the insurrection of Bohdan (aka Zinovia) Khmelnitsky on the territory of Pivdenno-Western Rus, Polish was transformed, in essence, into feudal exploitation. Greatly dissatisfied with the signature and the stage of the Brest University, for which the Ukrainian Church passed under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Church. Representatives of the gentry and magnates of Mali at the power of the majestic territory, did not appear from them, and when they were polished, they were taken over by the Catholic Russian nobles. On the other hand, the Vishnevetsky princes had the whole Poltava region. Among the supporters of the supporters, it is said about those who live in the city “there are fewer rights, no rabbi in galleys”.
Repairing from 1625 years, they periodically slept, as they stifled themselves, and did not give any good results.
ear of riot
Unimportant to those who Bohdan Khmelnitsky had spent on the posad of the Chyhyryn centurion, and even brought the indiscriminate terror of the Polish panics to viprobuvati.
The details of the incident are interpreted in a different way in dzherels. In the morning, think about the share of one of the blue, which was screwed up to the point of death, or hammered in 10 rocky. Vіdomo, scho Subotinske maєtok, yakim Volodya Khmelnitsky, bulo rosorene and seen by the people of old age. The female polka, for which the Chigirinskiy centurion is alive after the death of the squad, was taken to an unknown place. The Polish court prompted the centurion to call in a favor with this drive, but on Subotinska the maotoks were not issued with the proper order of the documents, and the woman wasn’t beloved by the vicarious squad.
For the renewal of justice, Khmelnytskyi has made a commitment to the king, to the king, to the knowledge, however, the one who does not need to enter into a conflict with the inflow gentry, without becoming a robot himself. In many historical books and scientific articles, one can guess about those who, in the opinion of Khmelnitsky's claims, the king says: "You have your shabbly." So chi inakshe, ale pislya tsyogo Chigirinsky centurion went to Zaporizhzhia.
hetman Khmelnitsky
Bohdan Khmelnytsky, having lain up to the shanovy goat family, wins a wonderful illumination and, behind the witnesses of the history, before the hour of the present he demonstrates his unabiyaky talents. The order of the victorious war and fighting on the cob of his victorious kar'ar at once from the father. In one of the battles, Batko was killed, and Bogdan, having spent some time with him, did not immediately vibrate.
The insurrection demonstrated not only the patriotism of Khmelnitsky, but the unabable gift of the leader, ale and vidminnі organizatorskі zdibnostі. Already on the road to Zaporizhzhya, there is a small gap in the distance, which, at the same time, zooms out of a few other Polish Vijska shapes.
Go of the rebellion and the best battles
One of the most important problems during the organization of Khmelnitsky's insurrection was seen in his order of good news. Voted on Zaporizhzhi by the hetman, Khmelnitsky in the whole rozrahovuvav on his side of the Tatars. Shilin on his bik khan Islam-Girey with the intercession of the well-known Tatar murz, Khmelnitsky went to those, for only those who were in front of him. Well, the Tatars at that time had their own reasons for joining boyovі dії- Poland has ceased to pay їm the betrayed Danin. The ear of insurrection dates back to 1648.
The main battles of the first stage of the rebellion can be fought in the battle at Zhovtyh Waters and Korsunske Bey. The main opponents of the voracious hetman were Stefan Pototsky and Martin Kalinovsky. Mercilessly smashing Polish army by Zhovtymi Vody, fooling the hopes of the commanders at the Kodak castle, which would have good changes on the way of the Kozaks. Hetman in vіyskom simply bypassed fortetsu, not in vain for an hour and do not incur a waste.
The battle of Korsun became for the Poles even more important battles - it was not only twenty thousand years of victory, but they were taken to the full commander, as the year they were sent to the full of Tatars for help and assistance.
The situation in the territory, de held the insurrection periodically changed. In 1648, the micro-tolerance died and was loyally put up to the Cossacks Vladislav IV. The order of sorts of sleepovers and self-styled mid-term riots, all new and new forces were brought before Khmelnitsky. Driven to extremes by the villagers and the unrestricted Cossacks, the embittered and innocent cossacks fought the deeds of the dweller. Particularly affected were those who lived on the territory of the region. Khmelnitsky, be in a fight, but you can’t control it, vyrvala force into freedom, beating up for intercession to Russia. With a preadatk problem, I got internal support and contempt of the Cossacks to the villagers.
The result of the first stage of the insurrection was to talk about the city of Lviv and Zamostya. In order to give a fortune to the hungry and suffering from the plague, the hetman knew the cloud, taking an indemnity.
Another stage is from the end of the 30th day. Besides, the Krymsky Khan, who took the gift of the new king Jan Casimir, saw the distance and squeezed the world.
Vimogh of Khmelnitsky, Jan Kazimir, did not fight with satisfaction, protest the result of the negotiations was the signing of a message on compromising minds, including:
- enlightenment of the autonomous Hetmanate with the Viborn Hetman and the supreme authority of the All-Kazakh Rada,
- forming a restru in 40 thousand shabel,
- amnesty to the participants in the riot,
- fence for the Jews to be rebuilt on the territory of autonomy.
Unimportant for the retailer's preparation of the third stage, the battles in the whole period (from the present 1651 rock) went with variable success. The striking in the Battle of Berestetskіy dictated for itself the need to sign the unimaginable Bilotserkіvskiy world. Pislya peremogi pid Batog came hitting pid Zhvanets.
Kinets buv of pledges, if Khmelnitsky's beast was sent behind the protectorate in Moscow, the Zemsky Cathedral took a decision about the hetman's satisfaction. On Pereyaslavskiy Radio on 8 June 1654, the Cossacks swore an oath of allegiance to the Russian sovereign and went over to their hands.
The insurrection of Khmelnitsky became one of the unbelievable in history, which ended in success. Dovgoochіkuvana freedom from the Polish oppression of the bull is otriman.
Ivan Bohun
Maxim Krivonis
Stepan Pobodaila
Mikhal Kshichevskiy
Islyam III Herai
Tugai Bey
File: Russian coa 1882.gif Vasil Buturlin
Jan II Casimir
Mikolay Pototsky
Єremia Koribut Vishnevetsky
Stefan Charnetsky
Martin Kalinovskiy
Janusz Radzivill
| insurrection of Khmelnitsky |
|---|
| Zhovty Vodi - Korsun - Starokostyantiniv - Pilyavtsi - Mozir - Loyev (1649) - Zbarazh - Zboriv - Chervone - Kopichintsi - Berestechko - Loyev (1651) - Bila Tserkva - Batig - Monastery - Zhvanets |
| Antipolsky insurrection in Ukraine |
|---|
| Kiev 1018 rock - Flies - Bratslavske-Vinnitske - Kosinsky - Nalivaiko - Zhmaylo - Fedorovich - Sulimi - Pavlyuk - Ostryanina - Gunia - Khmelnitsky- Barabasha and Pushkarya - Bohun - Stavishcha - Paliya - haidamak 1734 rock - haidamak 1750 rock - Koliyivshchyna - Volinska rizanina |
| History of Russia | |
| Ancient words'yani, rus (up to the IX century) | |
|---|---|
| Dawnioruska state (-XIII century) | |
| Rus princes (XII-XVI centuries) | |
| Moscow kingdom (-) | |
| Russian Empire (-) | |
alternative education |
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| Radianskiy Union (-) | |
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| rulers | Chronology | expansionPortal "Russia" |
insurrection of Khmelnitsky- the name of the nationally-visually vyyny against the Polish-gentry panuvannya in the territory of the present Ukraine, which was trivialized until 1654 by the hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky. In the alliance with the Krymsk Khan, the Zaporizka Cossacks repeatedly fought on the battlefield with the crown armies and the gentry hired corrals of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The result of the insurrection was the slaughter of the Polish gentry, Catholic clergy and Jewish orders.
The insurrection fell like a local revolt of the Zaporizka Sichi, ale bulo pіdtrimano іnіsіm Orthodox spheres (peasants, gorods, noblemen) and grew into a wide popular movement. The struggle with the Poles was carried on with varying success and led to the transition of Vijska Zaporozhye to the power of the Russian state.
Suchasnyj ukrainian іstorik Natal Yakovenko harakterizuє insurrection in 1648 roku i away vіynu yak "nationwide vіynu - Kozatska revolyutsіyu" zmіstom yakoї boule sotsіalnі domagan kozatstva, yaky pragnuv Why legіtimnim sotsіalnim pitched by Rechі Pospolitoї i vistupaє proti traktuvannya vіyni yak "natsіonalno-vizvolnoї" oskіlki vіyna vіdbuvalasya until natsіy yak such.
Reasons and reasons
Strengthening the political influx of "gentry oligarchy" and feudal exploitation of Polish magnates especially manifested themselves in the territory of Western and Pivdenno-Western Rus. The sack of the rapists' flooding of the lands of the shores of the majestic latifundia of such magnates as Konetspolski, Pototski, Kalinovski, Zamoyski and іn. So, Konetspolsky in one Bratslav region had 170 places and places, 740 silos. Win the same great lands on the banks of the Dnipro. Suddenly, the great earthly youth of the Russian nobility grew up, and until the end of the hour, the Catholic religion was growing up and polished. Until the eighth day, there were Vishnevetsky, Kiseli, Ostrozki and іn. Princes Vishnevetskim, for example, had the entire Poltava region for 40 thousand. Peasant and local courtyards, Adam Kisel - the majestic hand on the Right Bank and T. D. French engineer Boplan, who from the ear of the 1630s to 1648 went to the Polish service, zokrema, meaning that the villagers there are suspiciously awkward, the smell of sentiment to give their panov all that they want; їхнє encampment "girshe, nіzh encampment of galley nevilnikiv" [ Dzherelo not specified 318 days]. The forerunners of the war were the numerical Cossack insurrection of the 30s:
- Insurrection of Zhmayla 1625
- The insurrection shook 1630 rock
- Ivana Sulimi's insurrection 1635
- Revolt Pavlyuk 1637 rock
- Revolt Ostryanitsa i Guni 1638
However, all the stinks are aware of the strikes і в - рр. having risen so ranks the period of "golden calm", if the Cossack insurrection has begun.
privid
The drive for the cob of rebellion became the Chergovy manifestation of the magnate svavil. Agents of Chyhyrynsky old age on cholі with old age D. Chaplіtskіm visited Bohdan Khmelnitsky yogo Subotіvska maєtok, threw the statehood, to death they stuck yogo decimal sina and drove a woman. Khmelnytskyy, having shukati the court of the ruling on the outrageousness, ale the Polish judges knew that they didn’t get a good fortune from their squad, but we didn’t need any documents for Volodymyr Saturday. Potim Khmelnitsky, yak "pidburyuvach", and he called himself into Starostynsky vyaznitsa, from which only friends were called. Greetings and torment, Khmelnytsky from the gospodar's ruler re-created in conducting the insurrection.
ear of rebellion
preparing
Podії kіntsya 1648 rock
Knowing about the development of the middle of the pans, Khmelnitsky threw up a conversation with the Polish district for an hour. Until a single hour, protest, the perevaga were won by the henchmen of the merciless suppression of the insurrection, and in Poland the bully was quickly formed by the 40-thousandth army, chanted by the magnates D. Zaslavsky, N. Ostrog and A. Konotspolsky. Ironically over the knowledge of Zaslavsky, the lack of knowledge of the young Konetspolsky and Ostroh, Bohdan Khmelnytsky called the whole Polish "triumvіrat" - "featherbed, child! That Latin. ”The army itself fought against the insurgents at the small Pilyavtsy castle near the r. Pіlyavka The battle spread into a number of twists and turns and trivially a few days. Virіshalnoyu Bula Battle 13 Veresnya 1648 r; yaka ended with another thrashing of the Polish gentry. The Ukrainian army has seized a lot of trophies. The zalishikhs of the sorcerers were whispering about the panic in the past ("pilyavchiki", as they contemptuously called the people flowed in from the field of gentry, they pushed in three days in the course of 300 versts). ...
Another stage
after talking
On the cob of the breast by the Polish king, Jan Kazimierz. Knowing about it, Bohdan Khmelnitsky 23rd breast entered Kiev in a clean way. Vin, representing a number of vimogs, in the middle of the main boules:
- Lіkvіdatsіya Brest Unії
- obmezhennya peresuvan Polish vіysk (not given for Starokostyantinov)
- fence Polish tycoons come to the meeting and for the first day from the Bila Church
- seize Livoberezhzha for the Cossacks
Jan Kazimir, naturally, didn’t wait for such a moment, but later went on to talk with the rebels and in the present, sent the Khmelnytskyi embassy to his close friend Adam Kisel. However, Khmelnitsky finished coldly accepting the delegation and until the fierce negotiations did not end. It became clear that the new stage could not be unique, and the parties continued to pick up new forces. Here, even before the speech for the Poles, the completion of the Thirty Years' War in Europe has been brought to a close, as there is a great number of newcomers left without a robot. To that, in 1649, the Polish Vysko earnestly fought for the rakhunok of the Nimetsky, Swedish, and Italian enclosures.
continuation of viyny
Until the beginning of the year 1649 Poland and the rebels completed preparations for the new stage of the battle. In the middle of the month, Jan Kazimierz took down the Polish route to Volin. 31 travnya vіysko overretin Starokostyantinіv, so that we will ruin the vimogi of Bohdan Khmelnitsky. If the Poles overwhelmed in the overwhelming of the enemy's forces, the crown of the battle became the entrance and the zupinilia for the good strengthening of the castle Zbarazh. Vishnevetskiy came to the Polish visk, and the command was transferred to the headquarters. Khmelnytsky Zbarazh roundabout and after trying to torment Polish people with uninterrupted attacks and cannonade, so the Poles soon vibrated with energy. They called out to the king, blessing him to help him, but to the king, he didn’t get to, so the gentry did the militia only zbiralisya. Nareshty, why not let me screw up all the way Zbarazh, win ruining, not checking all regiments, ale unsuccessfully drinking in the wait. Khmelnitsky, having overlaid a part of the Vіyska pіd Zbarazh, himself with the Tatars demolished against the king and blocking his way at the crossing pіd Zborov. Win round-up of the king so that there wasn’t any way out. Korolivske vіysko hunted panika: the soldiers are ready bully already big, protest at the critical moment of the knowledge of vikhіd. They sent the Tatars to their side, they wrote to the khan, for once especially before the horde; I Khan Zminiv. After soaking on the water, Khmelnitsky made peace with the king. Todi tilki perekonavshis Khmelnitsky, yak carelessly poklavl vіn for the help of the horde; now the viconati was brought to the khan's viconati, because he didn’t want to, but that didn’t know the Poles. The sign of the world was announced. Even unimportant on such a lack of zrada, Khmelnytsky had one word of dictating his mind in the signed peace treaty. Yogo statti were witnessed by:
- Poland recognized Ukraine as autonomous in its warehouse - Hetmanate.
- We will be the only ruler in the territory of Ukraine, having become the Viborny Hetman
- The Supreme Body of the Ukrainian Autonomy was the General Caucasian Rada
- The Rada of the General Petty Officer was announced by the Rada of the General Petty Officer under the hetman
- Registry of buv installations in 40 thousand shabel
- The capital of the Ukrainian autonomy is recognized by the city of Chyhyryn
- Everyone, who did not get away with the reestra, is punished to turn to the social camp
- Amnesty was given to all participants in the insurrection
The third stage of the win
Stretching out all 1650 rock and Poland, and the Hetmanate get ready until the new stage of victory. Tilki in the chest Diet, having consolidated a new punishment. In 1651, the Polish times fell to the Bratslav region, then to Vinnytsia. The battle for the Cossacks in Berestetska ended with a fight (18 worms in 1651 fate), a number of failures of the Cossack's wins in 1651 fates. Spring 18, 1651 the fate of the Cossacks, the mesmerizing bullets of Poland The Bilotserk world, which saw the world in Zborov and introduced additional thoughts, for example, a fence for Khmelnitsky international negotiations. Crumbs less than the bottom through the rik, in the apartment, the Cossack foreman showed up. The Cossacks lost a great victory before Batog, deceasing the full hetman Martin Kalinovsky, protest in the battle before Zhvanets, the situation repeated again, if the Poles were in a stateless, from the point of view, the chefs were hiding Crimean Tatars... Zoosumіvshis, utrimati know the knowledge of the position and success of the Hetmanate one by one, Bohdan Khmelnitsky went to fate in 1653, turning to the Russian kingdom for the protectorate.
Rishennya Zemsky Cathedral 1653
<…>And about the hetman about Bohdan Khmelnitsky and about everything to Vijska Zaporozky, the boyars and dumnі people have condemned, why the great sovereign tsar і Grand Duke Oleksiy Mikhailovich of all Russia, having allowed that hetman Bogtan Khmelnitsky and all Viyko Zaporizka from the places and from the lands, take up his hand for the Orthodox Christianity and the saints of God of Christ, to that all the good fortune of the Church Standing up and wanting to win, and for the stench, Hetman Bogdan of Khmelnitsky and all the Holy Zaporizka, supervised up to the Great Tsar and Grand Duke Oleksiy Mikhailovich Vagi Rus beat the cholom of many Christians, the sovereign of Orthodoxy, churches rozoriti persecutor іkh і an oath-taker, not giving і over them, having mercy on them, bidding them go to their temples. And if the sovereign doesn’t want to let his hand be taken on his temple, and the great sovereign for the Orthodox Christian churches and the holy churches in them interceded, ordering them to reconcile through their great messages, hope that this holy light will.
І according to the sovereign's decree, and in accordance with the sovereign's petition, the greats were sent to the vetekh, they said, that the king and pani are glad of the internecine strife, they reconciled with the Cherkasy, and the Orthodox Christians did not persecute the churches, they did not persecute in what was not repaired, but the light of the Zboriv agreement.
And the great sovereign of the king's greatness for the Orthodox Christianity of Jan Kazimier is to inflict such a charge on the king: as a man, who in his state name in the registration have appeared, they are guilty to order him to come. I Jan Kazimierz, the king, and the lady is glad, and they put them on the right in the show and in the house of the Cherkasy. Accept this one: in Jan Kazimier's oath to the king it is written that they will defend themselves in the first Christian osteretat, and do not allow one to go in for the first time themselves, and do not allow anybody to come. And if you do not hold your oath, you will not be able to take your oaths, but you will be found to be healthy.
first by force The insurgents became bad Cossacks, through them they took Khmelnitsky as their hetman. Zaporizka Sich was located on the islands beyond the rapids of the Dnipro and represented its own kind of "Cossack republic". The main occupation of the Zaporozhian people will be the bully nabigi on the Volodinnya of the Krymsk Khan and the Turkish Sultan. The stench rejected the pennies and the wages of the Polish king, however, when they were ready, the boules would send their wits and the opposite. At the same time, the Zaporozhtsy more than once took part in the fighting actions against the Moscow victories.
Krym Zaporozhtsy, in the corral of Bohdan Khmelnitsky entered і Ukrainian cities і Cossacks - Mistsevo Vіyskovo-serving camp, was united in regiments and was paid for by the Polish king. However, the lists (restri) on the negation of pennies, zbroi and odyagu from the king’s belongings did not include all the city cossacks. The Cossacks, scho didn’t indulge in the reєstra, had unfairly respected themselves with Scrivjenim.
Timchasovim ally rebelled in the fight against the Polish king, the Buv Krymsky Khan. Win hoth vikoris-tovuvati rukh of Bohdan Khmelnytsky for his purposes - capturing a vid and disclaiming generous wine for his services.
Moscow has respectfully followed the paths in Ukraine. As early as 1648 r Khmelnitsky zvertavsya to the Moscow district with a prohannya about additional help. However, the guardian of Tsar Oleksiy Mikhailovich with a handful of intercourse wasted only by the might of the Cossacks who rose up to the health. Moscow diplomats stood up for the Cossacks before the Polish king. Leave it in 1653, if Khmelnitsky's help went out to hell, the tsar ordered him to start preparing until the great end. This became apparent when the Zemsky Cathedral in Zhovtn 1653 was attached to Ukraine.
At Sichni 1654 r moscow embassy at choly with boyar V. V. Buturlinim took the oath of allegiance to the Ukrainian knowledge and representatives of the localities. The whole historical podіya became in the place of Pereyaslavі before Kiev and I will name it Pereyaslav-ska glad. Mind the views of Ukraine from Russia as a response to the rebel fighters. The tsar has increased the number of the restral Cossacks to 60 yew. I secured for Ukrainian autonomy.