Company. FSUE "Cosmic Zvyazok": New Year and Tomorrow
space link transmission of information: between earthly points and space lithic devices (KLA); mіzh two or more earthly points through roztasovani in space KLA or piece zasobi (Belt golok ,
the gloom of ionized particles, etc.); mіzh dvoma abo kіlkoma KLA. In space, there is a wide range of systems and connections of the most important purpose: for the transmission of telemetry, telephone, telegraph, television and information; for transmission of signals of commands and control of the spacecraft; for carrying out tractors' vimiryuvan. Naybilsh is widely used in the systems of K. with. vikorystovutsya radio links. The main features of the systems of the spacecraft, which are used for the development of ground-based ones: without interruption (often to the great extent), change of the position of the spacecraft; the need for knowledge of the current coordinates of the spacecraft and the guidance of the receiving and transmitting antennas to the terrestrial point of communication on the tasks of the spacecraft; continuous change of frequency and signals via Doppler effect ;
interchange and change in the hour of the zone and in the mutual visibility of the terrestrial point and spacecraft; the tightness of on-board radio transmissions of the spacecraft was interchanged; the distance of the sound and the inheritance of the robot is great with even the smallest levels of the received radio signals. All the tse of pumovlyustorennya for K. with. special complexes of folding equipment, which include the induction of antennas of great development, reasonable annexes with small noise, highly efficient systems and detection, video signals and re-distribution of radio signals. The need for knowledge of the flow station of the KLA for the periodic measurement of its coordinates and the calculation of the parameters of the trajectory. Thus, the system of K. s. It is, as a rule, in case of spilny diy vimiruvalnyh zasobiv (system of tractors vimiryuvan), which is counted to the center and control complex of the spacecraft. For radio channels K. s. in the depletion from the right direction, the characteristic zastosovovyutsya different ranges of frequencies. Їх rozpodil and the order of registration is initiated by the regulations of the radio communication (Div. Regulations of the radio communication).
Link Earth - spacecraft. The connection between the earthly point and the KLA is designated for securing two-way transmission of all types of necessary information. For the connection with distant spacecraft (automatic interplanetary stations - AMS), there are typically few radio signals received in the region and a great hour of mutual visibility, a bit of a change directly to the earthly point - the spacecraft of the Earth appears to be in the main For communication with close spacecraft (piece companions of the Earth (Div. Piece companions of the Earth) -
ShSZ, space ships (Div. Space ship) -
KK, orbital space stations and in.) The characteristic is a great swiftness of the change in direct communication, a small hour of visibility, albeit a small distance, and it seems that there are some signals. Line Earth - board spacecraft (W - B) and board spacecraft - Earth (B - W) carry a variety of information and power potential. Line W - B will ensure the transmission to the spacecraft of control signals, tractors, telephone, telegraph, calls from cosmonauts to the spacecraft. Line B - W, which, as a rule, has a significant lower energy potential, i.e. K. The need to transmit the CLA is lower for the effort to transmit the earth station in the line W - B (the exact need for the CLA is one-dozen tue, at the earth station - one-dozen kW). However, the main source of information is given along the line B - Z. m 2),
and in the case of receiving information from interplanetary spacecraft (the amount of pressure on the signal to change proportionally to the square of the size), the required effective area in hundreds and thousands m 2. Effective area 2-5 yew. m 2 Reachable only in unique expensive antenna systems. With the help of such antenna systems, telephone calls can be provided on interplanetary sites. An ear of radio communication with people in space was laid on April 12, 1961, since the cosmonaut Yuri A. Gagarin is the first in the history of people who have flown around the Earth on the SC "Skhid" and decameter hvilyakh. In the offensive field of the spacecraft "Shid" and "Shid" radio links with the Earth were successful and successful with the success of viprobuvan and the spacecraft in group flights. For an hour, the spacecraft "Vostok-2" was sent in the serpentine of 1961, for the first time from space to the Earth, the televised image of the cosmonaut-cosmonaut GS Titov was transmitted from space. When transmitting a TV image for the sound of the frequency spectrum, the number of frames was reduced to 10 sec. Nadal have become established television systems with a high standard (div. Cosmobachennya). The maximum distance of the two-way radio communication is extended with the use of the AMC to the planets. For example, when flying to Mars, the distance between the earthly point and the AMC reached 350 million. km, to Jupiter - 800-900 million km. For the protection of such distant calls to the AMC, the antenna is straightened to the Earth. Communication through ShSZ. Make calls on large cities to be secured on the radio relay lines of direct visibility, but to stack from two kintsev and a number of intermediate repeater points, from one point of one to one of the lines of direct visibility (50 km). With the installation of one intermediate repeater on board the ShSZ in a high orbit, it is possible to connect calls between two points, one way apart from one in a thousand km. The maximum distance of the non-frontal latch with a wide range of visibility starts with the ability of the SHSZ to start at once from the skin point. The connection of the SHSZ can be stashed in the vicinity of the communication lines, as well as in the lines of radio relay lines for the transmission of television programs, broad-channel telephony and telegraphy and communication. View information. With the help of a hedgehog, there is a large number of earth stations, the system can serve in the Radio Union since 1967. The main options for orbits for the zyazkovyh SHSZ: circular stationary, strongly twisted, eliptic synchronous, medium-high circular, low circular. ShSZ on a stationary orbit (stationary ShSZ) is permanently located ("hang") over the other point of adequate and unprotected connection between earth stations at latitudes less than 75 ° in radii up to 8000 km from the point above the anchor of the rip-tab, for example ShSZ "Intelsat". Three such SHSZ, which are located on the rіvnіy vіdstanі uzdovzh ekvаtora, zdіysnyuyut the links of any earth stations in the boundaries of significant latitudes. For the districts, which have grown at latitudes of 70-75 °, the most vigid very strong and energy-efficient synchronous orbits from the apogee above the center will be serviced by a line of communication and from the period of the ShSZ turnover in half of the divine. With the proper choice of kuta nahilu and the mice of roztashuvannya to the apogee of the orbit, the companion will mean a part of the add-on in the range of visibility from the given area. For robots from the ShSZ to a stationary or an eleptical synchronous orbit, to stagnate on earthly points, the antenna of a great size, t.K. km and signal pressure is low. ShSZ in middle and low circular orbits, for example ShSZ "Kur'ur", "Relay" great efforts receive signals. However, the change in visibility will soon take place in an hour of visibility to the companion and to the earthly point, and to produce in the end rakhunka until the significant increase in the number of companions necessary for uninterrupted communication. In addition, the system of antenna guidance and guidance of earth stations is being accelerated. At a low frequency, the use of a non-intercepted communication between significant points at distant points is unwise and it is not necessary to set up a radio system from a simple retransmission. However, in the whole range of signals to reach large and not required large and expensive antenna systems, connections to low SHSs can be carried out with small crumbling points. Zvyazkovy SHSZ for transit transmission of signals can be equipped with an active repeater, which will also provide stronger signals, or it is a passive repeater, i.e. E. Vidbivach. Krim ShSZ at the viglyadi vidbivach bully proponated and viprobivanie lines with the rosette vidbivachs at the viglyadi belt of heads, chmari ionized particles. The passive repeater can service the radio meter, but it can be stored with a large number of lines with the lower frequencies of the radio signals, because K. Win is able to visualize either the power of the bag and the radio signals are sent one hour without any interruptions. At the end of the day, an active repeater can only be able to service the call when the number of lines is not available, and to use the number of lines in between Uninvolved at the price, the most extended system can be equipped with active repeaters, so that one hour transmission of messages on decils (up to a dozen) TV channels, for example, ShSZ "Bliskavka", For cost-effective communication, it is necessary to connect a large-channel radio communication line, and to make it necessary to increase the transmission (Div. Smuga throughput) of frequencies in the line (Div. Bagatokanalny communication). A wide smog is also required for retransmission of television signals. With the expansion of the smog, the passage of the growth is not safe for the creation of the radioactive plant (Div. Pereshkodi radio). Moreover priyah povіdomlen of admissible spotvorennyami - nayvazhlivіshe zavdannya, yak virіshuєtsya zbіlshennyam potuzhnostі radіosignalіv, Vibor frequency zv'yazku, zmenshennyam rіvnya shumіv radіopriymachіv, zastosuvannyam efektivnosti koduvannya, Vibor modulyatsії type, method priyah i obrobki radіosignalіv at small signal vіdnoshennі / pereshkoda іn i. For example, the frequencies of the radio signals vibrate in the intervals from 1 to 10 GHz, because at lower frequencies, it grows very quickly through noise in space (Div. Noise to space) ,
and on the great ones - from the noise of the atmosphere (Div. Noise of the atmosphere); in the first cascades of power transmissions in radio transmissions in earth stations, the performance of low-noise quanta transmissions (Div. Quantum transmissions) and parametric transmissions in order to cool down with bright gels. At lіnії zv'yazku of repeater for Passive zabezpechennya neobhіdnogo rіvnya signal zbіlshuyut potuzhnіst peredavacha i rozmіri antenna zemnoї stantsії, rozmіri vіdbivacha repeater abo rolling up of retranslyatorіv spryamovanim rozsіyuvannyam energії stantsіyu on the earth, and takozh zvuzhuyut Smuga transmission frequencies lіnії i znizhuyut shvidkіst peredachі povіdomlen ... Pererakhovani come in to miss your boundaries, t. K. Make sure that you have a line of communication and exploitation. Linkage mіzh KLA. The link between the spacecraft can be used to exchange information between two flight crews, whether they are in space at once, and between the spacecraft and astronauts, who are overwhelmed by space... In addition, there can be connections between two automatic spacecraft with the method of relaying signals, changing the position, navigation, control and proximity. Features of the sound between the spacecraft and the attack. As a rule, the call will be secured between interconnected spacecraft, i.e., Mizh ShSZ, on occasionally small buildings, for example, between spacecraft "Vostok-3" and "Vostok-4" or "Mizh" Vostok-5 "and" Vostok-6 " ... Through the difficult mutual organization of the antennas of the spacecraft, the omnidirectional ringing is twisting. Visibility into the atmosphere, and with high orbits and the ionosphere, it will not provide a higher vibration in the radio frequency range and the optical signal will pick up the sound. When vibrating the frequency range and organizing the connection between the ShSZ, it is necessary to provide the possibility of converting the codes from the other ground stations. Systemi K. s. speed up when visiting space expeditions to Misyats, for example, the Apollo spacecraft ,
chi іnshi heavenly tila, TK It is necessary to get the links of the expedition from the spacecraft, so that you get into a planet-centric orbit, and (through the spacecraft, or bezposredno) with the Earth. In general, all the special features of the connection between the SHSZ and the earthly point, as well as distant spacecraft and earthly points, are combined. Prospects will have a set of systems for transmission of television programs through stationary SHSZ without the need for the middle on television; At the same time, there is a possibility of more telefication and safety of transmission of central programs in any place on Earth. About the details of quantum optical generators (Laser IV)
it is a promising optical connection, because on optical signals it is possible to transfer information to over-distant cities (up to dozens of light rocks) of even higher straight lines of exchange sec) With very small sizes of viprominuvac and a pleasant, coexisting exertion. In addition, it is in the direction of promoting and receiving optical benefits in securing retail stabilization of annexes, organizing optical systems on spacecraft, folding entry into the connection and accessories. Naybіlsh vigіdni optical lines between spacecraft, which are located behind the boundaries of the earth's atmosphere, because the atmosphere is strongly clayed and rosy the energy of optical needs. Lit.: The system of communication with the vicarians of the piece companions of the Earth, Sat. Art., per. from English, M., 1964; Petrovich N.T., Kamnev E.F., Nutrition of space radio communication, M., 1965; Companions zvyazku, prov. from English, M., 1966; Kressner G.-I. і Michaels J.-V., Introduced space communication in the system, prov. s English, M., 1967; Space radio engineering complexes, M., 1968; Cosmic tractors vimiryuvannya, M., 1969.
October 11, 2007, 1203
The CPCP became the first land, yaka put an ear to the development of a non-middle television movement and victorious supporters on a high-altitude orbit for communication and movement. In 1965, a few high-altitude companions began to call the "Bliskavka" series, and in 1976, they launched the first one at the light geostationary companion of the Ekran-M, a middleless television movement.
In 50-60 rocks of the 20th century, the famous light leaders in the space exploration boules of the SRSR and the USA. In the mid-60s, with the appearance of the Radiansky companion "Bliskavka" and the American "Telstar", there was a strong development of the companion call in the United States. Over the past rockets in the light, a great number of communication and communication systems have been created, for functions, such as service areas, warehouse, units.
Already on the ear of the 60s, it became obvious that the commercial excellence and the need for the development of the communication and television movement became evident. The CPCP became the first land, yaka put an ear to the development of a non-middle television movement and victorious supporters on a high-altitude orbit for communication and movement. In 1965, a few high-altitude companions began to call the "Bliskavka" series, and in 1976, they launched the first one at the light geostationary companion of the Ekran-M, a middleless television movement.
In 1967, a simple aluminum cab K-40 was installed on the territory of the radio engineering polygon of the Moscow Power Engineering Institute in Pidmoskov. For broadcasting the signal, an antenna mounted on the polygon was installed. 2 leaf fall 1967 rocky came the first trial session of a companion call from Vladivostok. The signal from the central TV tower, from "Ostankino", broadcasting through the satellite "Molniya-1". Tse buv the first croc at the turn of the satellite connection. On the 20th of July 1967, the broadcast of the TV program of the Orbita system was received through the companion "Molniya-1". With such a rank, in the fierce 1968 fate of the order of the Ministry of Communications of the SRSR of the approval of the "Union of higher education institutions of radio communication and radio communication No. 9" state administration"KOSMICHNA ZV'YAZOK" (RSCC), and on April 19, 2001, the RSCC was given the status of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise.
The history of the RSCC is indistinctly tied to the stems of the survivors of the family. In the SRCR, the priority is given to the history of pilots and scientific space devices, and the first geostationary companions have also acted according to their technical parameters to their foreign counterparts.
In the 80s, the rock was practically used to fix robots with the development of a civil counterpart communication. The first new Russian companion call and change "Express" after only 15 years before the launch of the first "Horizon".
At the earliest of the 90s, the new economic situation in the country gave rise to the fact that the enterprises of the defense industry were promoting their success on the same level of light standards. A new stage in the development of a satellite connection and development in Russia in the 90s of dressing from vicarious devices is not only foreign retranslated devices, but from the stagnation of the most successful applications of modern technologies.
In 1998, within the framework of the Federal Space Programs of Russia, the GPKS submitted a contract with the "Al-Vyrobnik of Space Apparatuses NVO PM" In 2000, two companions of the series were successfully brought into orbit, who became the protagonists of the development and implementation of the Programs for the update of the Russian national supportive group.
In 1997, the ROCS ROC won a competition, denounced the organization "Eutelsat", and canceled the contract for 12 years, which would transfer the control and management of the supporters of the "Eutelsat-W" series. Identifying the process of expanding the monitoring services for the "Eutelsat" and "Intelsat" supporters. For the development of the international interconnection call, according to the programs, the development of the International organization of the interconnection communication "Intersuputnik" in 1998 was based on the GPKS in the CCS "Dubna", the building management center of the LMI "
Central Sports School "Dubna" 
The Center for Space Communication (CKS) "Dubna" is a branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Space Communication" (RSCC) - a buv of introduction into operation in 1980 by the order of the Ministry of Communication of the СРСР as an Olympic Objective.
The head of the Central Sports School "Dubna" in the Rik of the Moscow Literary Olympiad played in the unprotected broadcast of the Olimpiysky Mountains on the edge of Europe and the Atlantic region. Technic zasobi represented a technician house and two antennas of the system. The first antenna, МАРК-4 (32 meters), a virobition of the Japanese corporation "NEC", was launched for the robot through the International Organization of the Space Link "Intelsat" at the point 335.5 ° of the central position of the Drug Antenna, TNA-57 (12 meters) radianskogo virobnitstva, vikoristovuvalas for the robot through the satellite "Horizon" at point 14 ° w.
The end of the Olympics in Moscow continued the operation of the technical facilities of the Dubna CCS. There were organized telephone channels to the United States, England, Brazil, the line of communication between the Kremlin and the Bilim House, the Aliseysky palace, the residence on Downing Street, 10. Television news was regularly exchanged with foreign countries... Practically all TV plots passed through Dubna and were then inserted into the new programs of the central TV tower.
In 1982, the number of prompts and introductions to the robot International until the last day for viprobuvan new technology satellite communication in the frequency ranges 11/14 GHz, 20 і 30 GHz. The creation of a grid of receiving and transmitting satellite stations and terrestrial radio relay lines allowed the expansion of radio communication on promising radio ranges of satellite communication. The experiments were completed in 1998.
In the late 70s, since there was a time to store televisions in Central and Circular Siberia, a television system in the 700 MHz frequency range was installed in the country, as there is no analogue in the light of day until the end of the day. Selischa budivelnikiv BAM, naphtha and gas workers of Siberia, sailors of Pivnichny Morskoy Way we took away the possibility of accepting one of them, and then another central television programs on cheap reception installations, which did not require expensive parabolic antennas.
Two transmission stations with TNA-57 antennas (12 meters) were prompted for the establishment of television in Dubna, bully, and in 1988 there were regular television broadcasts of two central programs on Siberia. The managers of the whole have increased the number of reception stations, which have been obtained with low-use TV repeaters for installation in small villages, and until the current day, there will be more than 10 thousand.
On the ear of the 90s, he will get drunk on the main telephony lines and on the organizing of the telecommuting channels. Commercial television companies have appeared, and they have made technical contributions to the RSCC for the distribution of television programs through their supporters - in Dubna they have repaired their robot "TV-6", "NTV", "TV-Center" and "STS". The Sovintel company provided the Ostankino-Dubna digital radio relay line for transmitting telephone traffic to other lines across the Atlantic.
In 1996, ROCI RSCC took part in international competition at the third station of telemetry and telekeeping by space devices of the organization "Eutelsat". The decision about the participation in the competition was based on the explicitly in the RSCC to see the robots of the command and control station for the space apparatuses "Express" and "Hals" in the Central Sports School "Volodymyr". For the first time, an international tender of such a level was played by a Russian company and in 1997 a contract was signed for the maintenance of eight antennas for telemetry and telekeeping with ten space devices "Eutelsat". Dosvid, accumulations in the course of sports activities with "Eutelsat", buv implementations in analogous projects for monitoring the backup of support systems "Intelsat" and "LMI".
The Center for Cosmic Zvyazku (TsKSh) "Volodymyr" is a branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Cosmic Zvyazok" (RSCS).
In 1969, the foundation was laid for technical booths (TZ) No. 1; ) і to Cuba through a piece companion of the earth (SHSZ) "Bliskavka-2". In 1978, the operating and transmission possession of TZ No. 1 was reconstructed for the robot through the Veselka ShSZ in the mode of organizing teleradio-communication and telephony. In 1986, a robot was rescued through the ShSZ "Stationar-13".
In 1975, on the basis of the new TZ No. 2, the transmission of television and radio programs was organized, the exchange of telephone streams from the places of Distant Descent and Siberia.
In 1971, the development of TZ №3 began to grow. Newly owned bulo was put into operation in 1974, and until 1988, the transmission of television programs and exchange of telephone streams from the rural regions of the country (Chukotka, Kamchatka, Kurile, Sakhalin); There was a connection between the United States and the exchange of telephone channels from foreign countries (Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Nimechchinoy, Poland, etc.) From 1987 to 1990 The transceiver technology was modernized and began to work through the ShSZ "Stationar-11" in the modes of television, telephony and transmission of radio channels.
In 1976, with the addition of a satellite connection, installed in the new TZ No. 4, they allowed the robot to be organized in the system of non-middle television transmission (NTV) for the transmission of television programs at the level of domestic stations "Siberian-M" in all populations In 1988, the robot was transferred to the Central Sports School "Dubna" using the Ekran-M system. In 1990, the equipment installed in TZ No. 4 gave the robot a chance to transmit TV and radio programs and exchange telephone streams through the ShSZ "Stationar-12". In 2000, on the basis of TZ No. 4, a backup-calibrating earth station with the capacity of the earth station "Volodymyr" for all stobers of 6/4 GHz range was activated.
In 1977, the development of TZ No. 5 for the installation of a satellite reception-transmission apparatus for securing the translation of the Moscow Olimpiyskiy igors began to grow. The complex has worked through the new 8th century satellite "Horizon" in the mode of five-zone transfer of TV channels and without having telephone calls to the countries Western Europe... In 1980, through the commune of the possession of TZ No. 5, there were transmissions from Olimpiyskiy igors on the edge of the Western era and exchange of telephone streams in the Intersuputnik system. From the beginning of 1980, a complex for the transmission of television and radio programs and images of newspaper smogs in the systems "Orbita" and "Moscow" through the ShSZ "Stationar-5", exchange of telephone streams in the cities of Central Asia, Siberia. In 1981, it was installed on the object to transport an autonomous transceiver station of the satellite communication "Mars" for the reservation of technical equipment of the GPKS, which was then re-installed into a stationary satellite complex for transmission of TV and radio stations to the stations. flows through ShSZ "Stationar-12".
Since 1996, on the basis of TZ No. 4 and No. 5 of the branches and commissioning of the complex "Express" С- and Ku-diapazvіv for robots on the new SHSZ "Express" at the point of stay 80 °
In 1999, on the territory of the Volodymyr Central Sports School, an earth station was installed for the satellite communication VAT "Rostelecom"
Since 1995, the Volodymyr Central Sports School has been operating the Kashtan command-and-control complex, providing control, telemetry and command information exchange of the Ekspres, Ekspres-A and Ekspres-A spacecraft.
The Center for Cosmic Zvyazku (CCS) "Vedmezhi Ozera" is a branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Cosmic Zvyazok".
In 1967, a simple aluminum cab K-40 was installed on the territory of the radio engineering polygon of the Moscow Power Engineering Institute in Pidmoskov. For broadcasting the signal, an antenna mounted on the polygon was installed. 2 leaf fall 1967 rocky came the first trial session of a companion call from Vladivostok. The signal from the central TV tower, from "Ostankino", broadcasting through the satellite "Molniya-1". Tse buv the first croc at the turn of the satellite connection. As a result, regular sessions of transmission of TV and radio signals to the regions of Siberia and the Distant Descent were organized through the "Molniya-1" satellite. For the revival of the building in 1969, the antenna TNA 57 (12 meters) was installed, and since 1970 it has become victorious and for the most important states of the world: through it, a line of the direct link between the SRCR-USA was organized, which rock_v.
In 1978 the channel was connected to the Baikonur cosmodrome. The station "Mars-1" is transported by the bullet in the place of Lenin and was serviced by the workers of the Central Station "Vedmezhi Ozera" on a rotational basis.
In 1980, the station "Mars-2" was transported in conjunction with the visit of the state core, a boolean was installed in India.
At the same time, the radio relay line was mounted between the Vedmezhi Ozera Central Sports School and the Ostankino television center, and the station itself, which was a prototype in the Orbita system, was equipped with brand new facilities for visibility. The station of the "Orbita" system did not foresee the transmission of reports to Europe and America through the TNA-57 antenna, the great diameter of which guaranteed the connection to the majestic corpus of the magazines, as they worked on the Olympics.
U 1982 і 1986 рр. Spartakiades of the peoples of the SRSR were held, in conjunction with which the station "Mars-2" was modernized, the bullet was installed in the city of Krasnoyarsk.
On the ear of the 80s, parts of the functions of the Vedmezhi Ozera CCS were transferred to the Volodymyr CCS and Dubna CCS. A group of faculty members was commissioned for the installation of reception stations in embassies and consulates. Acceptable stations of the type "Moscow" and "Moscow-global" were not given the reception of television and radio broadcasting by embassies, which were opened in Moscow, as well as in the regions of Scandinavia, Africa, America and the Middle East.
TsKSH "Sokolovo"
TsKSH "Skolkovo" - a branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Cosmic Zvyazok" - statements in Zhovtni 2003 rock. The Christmas Center is a modern complex of possession for organizing digital communication. The main directness of the Skolkovo Central Sports School is to secure the broadcast of the latest and foreign television programs through the supporters of the mid-range television broadcasting "Eutelsat W4" (36 ° of the Russian network) ...
Through the center of reception and the formation of digital channels, there is a distribution of television and radio programs to the reception of the installation of solid wire fences, the main station of cable fences and the reception of installation of collective fences.
Companions without a priori transfer can also be victorious for circular transfer of tribute. In the given hour of implementation of the project of transmission of tribute for the fancy of Minosviti (access of the Silske schools to the Internet resources), through the "W4" companion, commercial access to the Internet fences will be provided.
A fiber-optic link is organized between the Skolkovo Central Commercial School and the Ostankino TTC.
At the Skolkovo Center for Controlling the Polots (MCC) of the satellite "Bonum-1", which allows you to secure the control and monitoring of all space devices installed on the basis of the HS376 platforms. Similarly, the robots are conducted along the stem of the control center for the malikh supporters of the call. We plan to use such a cosmic apparatus to the camp of the Kazakh companion "Kazsat".
TsKSH "Zheleznogorsk"
TsKSH "Zheleznogorsk" is a branch of FSUE "Cosmic communication" (RSCS) - organizations in April 2004 on the basis of ZAT NTF "Perseus" as a support point of the secondary part of the space group GPKS. The technical complex CKS "Zheleznogorsk" allows the control and monitoring of the communication in orbital positions from 32 ° to 154 ° regions Russian Federation, And also organizovuvati channels of the satellite connection in the territory of the Siberian Federal District.
The system for monitoring and orbital vimiryuvan (ASMI) has been automated, launched within the framework of the implementation of the programs for upgrading the support group of the RSCC, the possibility of one-hour guarding for 5 members of the Express-Aspress series.
The reserve control center will secure the control and management of the supporters at all stages of the life cycle for launch, as well as the Eutelsat control center in case of emergency situations at the stage of the operator's operation.
TsKSH "Khabarovsk"
TsKSH "Khabarovsk" - a branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Cosmic Zvyazok" - approved in 2004.
Basically, the establishment of the new CCC is a branch of the multi-service telecomunication network of the Dalekosshid Federal District (DFO).
Earth stations, opened in the "Khabarovsk" Central Sports School, will be used for organizing the satellite channels by calling through the "Express-A" satellite (80 ° side channel).
Technical assistance to the Central Sports School "Khabarovsk"
implementation of projects within the framework of the Federal Target Program "Electronic Russia", "Children of Russia" (providing schools with Internet services);
robots of the satellite fragment of the GAS "Vibori" hedgehog;
the establishment of the TV studio of the President of the Russian Federation in the Far Eastern Federal District;
safeguarding the president's rukhomiy and orderly sound.
Ground control complex for space vehicles
For the advancement of control over new space devices in the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Kosmicheskaya Zvyazok" (GPCS), a single ground control complex is fired up for control of civil servants (PKU). Managing companions to work with the help of PKU, roztasovanim in the Space Centers "Dubna", "Volodymyr" and "Zheleznogorsk". Center for the management of pockets of retouching in the Shabolovka Technical Center in Moscow. For orbital monitoring, monitoring of repeater units, as well as the admission of earth stations, a system for monitoring and changing parameters of satellite on-board relay complexes (ASMI) has been automated.
The satellite "Bonum-1" is controlled from the control center of the Central Sports School "Skolkovo".
RSCC healthy monitoring does not deprive the supporters of the power group, the high-tech infrastructure of the centers of the space link allows RSCC to charge companies-operators with services from the management and monitoring of the partners on geostationary orbitalization Likewise, RSCC has repeatedly given overseas companies services to control space devices when they are brought into orbit.
Yak vashtovanny cosmic link aslan wrote in November 28th, 2015
All who are amazed at the television, in the course, but without companions, it is unwise to talk to a large number of TV channels (vinyatok cable TV). The same large number of people have long been volodic satellite carriers, which receive signals more beautifully, lower antennas since the last century. If we want to be built, the TV receptionist came to our life recently, it’s already possible to finish it for a long time, but it’s functioned stably, and our TV screens showed a good picture, see the center of the cosmic ringtone. In one such center we are going to take part in the excursion.
This year's special reportage is about those who built the most space station in Russia.
Center for space communication "Dubna" with introductions into operation in 1980 and in conjunction with the Moscow Olympiad in 1980, To secure the translation of the mountains on the edge of Europe and the Atlantic region. pislya Olympic Games TsKSH becoming a vikoristovuvatisya yak ob'єkt uryadovy zv'yazy the Kremlin with the capital of the first lands.
Oleksandr Petrovich Duka, director of the Dubna Central Sports School. There are 4 sub-stations (all 5) in Russia, but not so great. All the stench enter the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Kosmicheskaya Zvyazok". The Center for Space Communication will provide the robot with satellite channels for communication and television broadcasting.
In total, the space link system should enter
24 reception and transmission earth stations for satellite communication with antenna systems from 2.4 to 32 meters. 27 reception and transmission earth stations for securing telemetry and telekeeping with space devices DP KS, Eutelsat, ABS;
11 virtual and monitoring ground stations for carrying out orbital viprobuvan, providing access to the earth stations to the space segment and monitoring the interlocking of satellite transponders of the closed arcs DP KS, "ABS";
2 independent fiber-optic links with 20 Gb / s (skin) connection in the backup mode one to one and without a high link connection with the Shabolovka Technical Center of the DP KS. The stench will allow you to call the Dubna Central Sports School practically with being the operator of the Moscow call;
4 high-voltage feeders (2 x 10 kV і 2 x 6 kV) provide a reserve for the power supply of the facility. A system of uninterrupted electrical power supply by means of 700 kVA has been implemented in the TsKSh for a superb robotics technological possession. In case of force majeure circumstances, the power supply can be secured from the autonomous diesel power station by 1800 kVA.
Yak bulo vishche it is said, the complex has 24 stations of satellite communication with antenna systems from 2.4 to 32 meters, which allow organizing transmission channels through Russian and earth communication. So, like from the ground, it is uncomfortable to touch all the antennas in one frame, sergeydolya on which everything can be seen to finish the report.
The GKS can also be found in Russia the most orbital group of 13 geostationary companions, which are located in the C-, Ku-, Ka and L-ranges. Zones of service of space devices of the RSCC, roztasovaniye on the dusi of orbit from 14 ° W. up to 145 ° skidny dovgoti, hunt the entire territory of Russia, the land of the SND, Europe, Blizky Skhodu, Africa, the Asian-Pacific region, Pivnichnoi ta Of America, Australia.
Moving is viewed from a transponder, which is located on a companion. One companion can carry 40-60 transponders. Most of them are located above the ekvator at a height of 35 786 km. To that the satellite antennas in Pivnichniy pivkuli will be installed in a straight line.
The mirror, as everything is incorrectly called tarilka, picks up the signal, which comes from the supporters, concentrating and visualizing on the receiving gear, which is spread over the area of the mirror.
When the satellite orbit is 35 786 km. The way to swap out the Earth is close to 0.12 seconds, and the way to change the land-companion-land takes about 0.24 seconds. At the same time, there is a real coverage when a vikorystann_ satellite call at a warehouse mayzhe pivsekundi.
Brutal respect for the plate.
The term of the service of one companion is 15 years. For a whole hour, a whole hour of communication technology is developing on a robot and security is developing for a whole hour. Then the companion is old, and a new one comes to replace him. Companions are dearly expensive, 190-230 million dollars.
Mainly zavdannya vlasnika companion: pobuduvati, launch and rent a frequency range to the rescuers.
In the capacity of the master there are great organizations (companies with great financial capabilities and strong infrastructure). Russia has such organizations of all two: (VAT "Gazprom Cosmic Systems" and FSUE "Cosmic Communications"), which replace the activity, finance the viral process and implement the launch of the supporters themselves on the geostationary Dalі bezpechuyut povsyakdennuyu exploitation (correction of the position of the companion in orbit, monitoring and control of the robot onboard possession).
I know that in the middle of you there is a cosmic sound, is everything in order?
The territory of the GCS is all-in-one with recipient containers of all sizes.
Є to wind the axis of such an unprecedented form.
And the price of the best tarilka is 32 m. In diameter. Significant size.
As for us, the TV stand in Russia is even more relevant, as it is possible to take a trip, if you drive around in cars, there are "Tricolor" containers on the booths. Laying cables near the distance is expensive and unprofitable, and in areas of permafrost there is a stench on the wag of gold, then there is a lot of money, but cables are not necessary.
In the course of the excursion, you will be taken to the main control center.
There are servers of the company and free monitors, according to the pictures on which faxes the quality of signal transmission is shown.
Now, you know, the cosmic ring has been built, thank you for reading this post!
Okrem podyaka "Tricolor", yaka conducted a tour of the Central Sports School in honor of her 10th richa. After 15 leaf fall, they started to move two channels in the "4K Ultra HD" format with a resolution of 3840 × 2160 (for painting, HD format - 1920x1080).
I goodbye my photo with a package on the valley. Isn't it original?)
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Federal State Unity Enterprise "Cosmic Zvyazok" (RSCC) is a Russian national operator of a satellite communications, space equipment that can be used by global coverage.
The history of the RSCC is indistinctly tied to the stems of the survivors of the family. In a fierce 1968 fate, the Ministry of Communications of the USSR issued an order for the "Union University of Radio Communication and Radio Communication No. 9" and on April 19, 2001, the ROCU was granted the status of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise.
The enterprise is among the top ten satellite operators in the light of a large orbital-frequency resource and a 40-year notice of the state of operation of satellite systems in the interests of the Russian Federation and the Russian Federation
RSCC Volodya is the best in Russia for orbital groups from 11, which are working in. Zones of service of space devices of the RSCC, roztasovaniye on the dusi of orbit from 14 ° W. up to 145 ° wedge, hunt the entire territory of Russia, the land of the SND, Europe, Blizkogo Skhodu, Africa, the Asian-Pacific region, Pivnichno and Pivdennoy America, Australia.
Before the warehouse of RSCC, there are a number of Teleport on the territory from the Volodymyr region to the Khabarovsk Territory - the Center of Space Communication (CKS) "Vedmezhi Ozera", "Dubna", "Volodymyr", "Skolkovo", "Zheleznogorsk" fiber " -optical hem, as well as the Shabolovka Technical Center in Moscow. GPKS independently controls the partners of the "Express-A" and "Express-AM" series, as well as the space device of the non-frontal change "Bonum-1"
RSCC is also a center for the compression of signals in TV and radio programs that formulate transport streams in the MPEG-2 / DVB standard, which will preserve the formulation of packages in federal television and radio programs.
The RSCS has provided a range of services, including the transmission of digital packages from federal, regional and commercial telephony without supervised TV programs, broadcasting of digital packages, , access to the Internet, videoconferencing, telemedicine and distance education. The enterprise will carry out robots along the stem of regional satellite communication networks, multi-service mesh on the basis of VSAT technologies, as well as provide services from the control and monitoring of space devices by the external operator.
Servants of FSUE RSCC:
- rozpovsyujennya teleradіoprogram
- Organization of satellite communication channels for telephone calls
- Organization of satellite channels in transmission of tribute and high-speed access to the Internet
- Get videoconferencing services
- Multi-service net work
- Providing access to terrestrial fiber-optic communication lines (FOLZ)
- Management and monitoring of partners "Express-A", "Express-AM", "Eutelsat", "LMI", "Intelsat"
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