Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich: biography, activity and facts. Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin - biography, information, especially the life of Derzhavin became governor of Olonets province
In the first ten years of the 19th century, the portrait concept of Borovikovsky is known for a metamorphosis: his brush shrinks to the classic ideal. Forgive me і zrozumіlim staє siluet, for the change of light-tinted local color comes, the malovnich texture diminishes. As a rule, the artist is vazhaє for beautifully portraying a person of a mature vika, whose proud position is based on "gentry simplicity and spoky greatness." The mainstream knows its own way and way of G.R. Derzhavin, the great poet of Russian classicalism.
Derzhavin Gavrilo Romanovich (1743-1816) - sings, sovereign, Tanny Radnik. Three other noblemen. In 1762 he became a soldier of the Preobrazhensky regiment. At once with the regiment took over the fate of the palace coup, as a result of which Catherine II came to the throne. U 1772r. Derzhavina viroblyayut in the office. Until the end of the period, the first time is presented at the press. In 1773, the Derzhavin took over the fate of the strangled Pugachov insurrection. When strangled to death, the Derzhavin show himself a good man and an energetic officer, but it’s unavoidable for his superiors to lead him before he goes around him in the cities. Try the Derzhavina to seek the well-deserved place, ended up for civil service in the rank of a wheelchair and for the rejection of 300 souls of the villagers in Bilorusia. In 1777, knowing the fate of Prince V'yazemsky, Derzhavin came to serve in the Senate. In 1778, he became friends with the 16-year-old Katerina Bastidon. In 1780 we will remove the rank of the state radnik. In 1784, after a conflict with Vyazemsky, as the state had to reach, go to the office, became the governor of Tambov. Yogo energy very soon led і here before being locked up with the authorities. The Senate didn’t come to the State’s office - it’s not just seeing him from the country, but he didn’t see the opposite right. The Empress rightly shouted, but did not confirm his innocence. Yogo odi, however, befriended Katerina and її favorites. Derzhavin buv appointing the state secretary of the empress. But the service is not far from the State. Winn’t a zeal in the end of the empress, a few ounces of new verses, but wearing Katerin’s hundreds of papers, vimagav її respect to the lost right, tied to the corrupt officials of the court officials. Katerina II designated the State as her Cabinet Secretary. Ale і on the whole post of yogo character is filled with kolishnіm: who didn’t attend the Empress, the State of Representations from the plantation in 1793. - Appointments by the senator. With this little role, like a grave Senate, the whole thing is a sign of disfavor. Nagorozhenie with the Order of Volodymyr II degree and will be rewarded taєmny radnik... Pislya of the accession of Paul I of Derzhavin with a handful of persecution, altogether with an ode to converge on the throne of the Emperor, turning his mercy. He sings, he will be honored, he will be a knight of the Order of Malta, (1794r) he will be appointed president of the Komerts-collegium. Derzhavin's squad is dead. On his death in 1793, write a penetrating virsh "Lastivka". Nezabarom (1795r.) Shvydky other shlyub vin himself explained not by love, but by “shchob, having lost an ugly person, without becoming rosy”. The child did not come from the first, nor from another whore. U 1802-1803 r. At the end of the day, all the risks and directions will be taken into account. On the direct power supply, for which they sound, the emperor says: "You are serving jealously."
Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin loan in the Russian literature is notable for the order of D.I. Fonvizina and M.V. Lomonosov. At the same time with the titans of the Russian literature, we should be included in the shining galaxy of the founders of the Russian literature classical literature The era of education, which is carried out to the other half of the 18th century. At the same hour, rich in why the specialists of the special participation of Katerina Drugoya, science and art are developing rapidly in Russia.
Tse hour come first Russian universities, Bibliotek, theaters in public museums and independent prestige, however, even more tolerable and for a short period, which ended with the appearance of "Road from St. Petersburg to Moscow" by A.P. Radishchev. Until the end of the day, when he called his misdirected Griboedov, "the golden vik of Katerini", the most recent period of the poet's work is being introduced.
life
The born maybutniy sings on the 14th day of 1743 to the rock in the patrimonial mother Sokuri from Kazannyu.
Even in his early childhood, he turned against the father, the officer of the Russian army and the mother of the mother Thekla Andriyevna Kozlovo. The life of the State was strong and strong, rich in rosum, energy and character. Bullets are nameless evil and fall. For this biography, you can write an adventurous novel, based on real podiums. Ale, about all the lectures.
From 1762 r yak і beloved children of the nobility, admitted to the Preobrazhensky regiment as a private guardsman. From 1772 r became an officer from 1773 to 1775 rr. having taken part in the strangled Pugachovsky I will be stabbed. At the end of the hour, there are two absolutely opposite ones for values and neuroses. After the hour of the Pugachev revolt, I won’t be able to turn it into my camp, and even won’t play 40,000 rubles in the cartouche group.
In 1773, they started to beat the light of last year. Until the whole period of life, deyakis are reported tsikavi facts yogo life. Yak and a lot of officers, they didn’t have enough gulb and cards, as they didn’t much to amuse Russia of the great poet. The karty brought him to cheating, for a penny they saw any obscene twists. Happily, it’s easy to learn the teeth and remember the way of life.
In 1777, there was a number of services at the exhibition. Need to serve as a state radnik in the Senate. It is obvious that he is an unfaithful lover of truth, moreover, he does not worship the authorities in particular, for whom he does not repent with love. W grass 1784 rr. 1802 rr. having transferred to the state services, including the buv from 1791-1793 rr. the office-secretary of Katherine II, protesting to admit the criticism and constantly accepting the disagreeable reigns of the people, was suspicious of the fact that it was not too bad about it. During the period of service of career workers to the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Empire.
Heads of his own truth-loving and uncompromising character, Gavriil Romanovich did not get stuck on the skin of more than two rockets through the ongoing conflict of villainous officials, as it can be seen from the chronology of his service. Everyone tried to seek justice, they wished to deprive them of their high patrons.
Stretching out for an hour, I was engaged in creative activity. Odi "God" (1784), "Grim peremogi, be heard!" (1791 neofіtsіyny gimn Rossіya), kindly know us according to Pushkin's povіstі "Dubrovskiy", "Grandee" (1794), “Vodospad” (+1798) and a lot of people.
Pislya vіdstavki is alive at his ancestral mother Zvanka in the Novgorod province, deserting the whole hour to creativity. Pishov from life 8 linden 1816 rock.
literary creativity
Derzhavin gained wide popularity in 1782 with the publication of the ode "Felitsia", assigned to the Empress. Early create - an ode to the befriending of the Grand Duke Pavel Petrovich, seen in 1773. Vzagal, in the poet's work, the ode will come to one of the chiln mies. Before us went one ode: “On the death of Bibikov”, “On the nobles”, “On the Day of the People's Greatness” and in. In the first creatures you see, do not admit the inheritance of Lomonosov. Years later, when you come from and accept, as an eye for your odes, create Horace. Create your own creation in the main in the "St. Petersburg Visnik". Tse: "Pisni to Peter the Great" (1778), Epistol to Shuvalov, "On the death of Prince Meshchersky", "Key", "On the nation of a porphyry youth" (1779), "On the visit of the sovereign to Bilorusia", "Before the first," Volodars and Judges ", (1780).
The tone, the lively pictures of the cich creatures, turned the respect of the literators. The uvaga of the suspension sings with her "Ode to Felitsia", dedicated to the tsarina. A snuffbox, filled with diamonds and 50 wines in the city for an ode, the zavdyaki yak vin bouv for the tsarina and the publication. No less success was brought to you by one "On the Bribe of Izmaila" and "Vodospad". Zustrich and close knowledge of Karamzin called up to spіvpratsі in the Karamzin "Moskovskiy zhurnal". Here the booters overruled yo "Monument to the Hero", "On the Death of Countess Rumyantsevoi", "Greatness of God."
Not too long before the entrance of Katerina of the Other Derzhavin has come up with his own manuscript collection of works. The price is awesome. Adzhe developed the talent of the poet, having fallen asleep for the period of the rule. In fact, his creativity became a living monument to the rule of Katerini II. V the rest of the rock Life has been re-experimented with tragedies, epigrams and tales, even if the stench doesn’t smell like this, this is my journey.
The staging of criticism was ambiguous. From reverence to the practical reversal of his creativity. Lishhe was sent to the revolution of the robot D. Grog, dedication to Derzhavin, his zusill, according to the creation and life of the poet, was allowed to give an assessment of his creativity.
Derzhavin for us sings the first time of the era, the top of which can be read without additional comments and explanations.
Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin, the biography of which is presented below, - sings, transcripts, playwright and ... the governor. Rocky yogo life - 1743-1816. After reading the article, you know about all the sides of the power of such a wonderfully gifted people, like Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin. The biography of this will be supplemented by the most important facts.
walk
Gavriil Romanovich was born in Kazan in 1743. Here, in the village of Karmachi, there was the birth of the family of the yogi family. The dignity of the Maybut poet has passed through. The family of Derzhavin Gavril Romanovich was not rich, noble family. Gavriil Romanovich lost his father early, Roman Mikolayovich, who served as a major. Matir'yu yogo bula Teklya Andriyivna (name is Kozlova). Tsikavo, shho Derzhavin є on the square of Bagrim, Tatar murzi, which hung from the Great Horde in 15 centuries.
Navchannya in the gymnasium, service in the regiment
In 1757 Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin joined the Kazan Gymnasium. The biography of this person at the same time is assigned to the retailers and practitioners to knowledge. Win is kindly grasping, protest not far away. On the right, in the fierce 1762 r, the Maybut poet was wicked to Petersburg. Winning service in the State of Derzhavin after serving as a rank-and-file soldier. Winning 10 rockets to his regiment, and from 1772 rocky seizing the officer’s office. Vidomo, shho Derzhavin in 1773-74 rr. having taken part in the strangled and also in the palace coup, as a result of which Catherine II went to the throne.
Hromadska and Literary Popularity
Hromadska and literary popularity before Gavriil Romanovich came in 1782. The very same time, the famous ode to "Felitsiya", the empress, was announced. Derzhavin, a hot one of nature, is haunted by its unrestrainedness of folding in life. Moreover, a new impatience and an effort to robotics didn’t get hungry.
Derzhavin became governor of Olonets province
Olonets province was established by the decree of the Empress in 1773. Vona was stored in one district and two times. In 1776, the boulevard was formed Novgorodskaya namіsnitstvo, before the warehouse, which included two regions - Olonetska and Novgorodska. Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin became the first governor of Olonets. The biography of yogo in the future will be tied to the administrative activity in the whole period of the development. On her, the law obeyed the great number of obligations. Gavriil Romanovich mav sposted for the team, as to vikonuyutsya laws and how to be led by the individuals. For Derzhavin, however, the price did not represent great difficulties. I wondered if only from the summarized imposition of the skin to its own right and attention by the officials of the legislation, to keep order in the court and the management.
In a month, after falling asleep in the province, the bully is informed about those, that all individuals who are in the service of the state and have broken the law, will be suvoro punished, even to the point of letting go of the rite anyway. Deafeningly hoping to restore order in his province of Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich. The fate of yogo life in a whole hour of unanimity However, it called for the deprivation of confrontation and confusion with the elite.
Governorship in the Tambov province
In 1785 Katerina II saw a decree about the appointment of Derzhavin to the governor's office of the now Tambov province. Win arriving there in 1786 to rock.
Tambov Gavriil Romanovich knows the province in general distribution. Chotiri of the leaders of the change for 6 years of the beginning. On the right, there was a panuvav disorder, but they didn’t bully the provincial cordons. The majestic rises have reached shortages. Gostro vіdchuvsya marriage sanctifies the suspension as a whole, and especially the nobility.
Gavriil Romanovich vidkriv for youth class of arithmetic, grammar, geometry, vocals and dances. The spiritual seminar and garnishing school gave even the worst knowledge. Gavriil Derzhavin was sent to the booth of Ioni Borodin, a merchant of the capital, a folk school. Theatrical performances were given to the governor's booth, and the theater was not too bad. Even more richly for the Tambov governorate we have defeated the Derzhavin, we will not be overwhelmed at all. Yogi's work has laid the foundation for the development of the whole region.
Senators Narishkin and Vorontsov were invited to the Tambov province for a revision. Nastіlki obvious bulo polіpshennya, so Derzhavin near Veresnі 1787 was awarded the honorable heights - the Order of Volodymyr of the third degree.
Yak buv from side to side from posad Derzhavin
However, the progressive activity of Gavriil Romanovich at the end of the settlement struck the interests of the religious noblemen and supporters. Besides, I.V. Gudovich, the governor-general, having taken the side of the approaching people in all the conflicts, they shouted, in their own devil, the mischief-makers and villains.
Derzhavin tried to punish Dulov, the assistant, who punished him to beat the driver for another fault. However, the tsya did not give a try, but dislike of the governor on the side of provincial ministers of change. Marnimi viyavilsya i dei Gavriil Romanovich, as well as reproducing the villainy of the small merchant Borodin, which fooling the treasury, supplying a tseglu for the maintenance, and then on the minds of the unknown for the state, having cut off the wine vidkup.
All of this is due to work hardening, skarg, reports to Derzhavin. In 1789, in 1789, there was a buv from the side of his village. Great malaise of the province was brought by its lack of energy.
Turning to the capital, administrative activity
At the same time, Derzhavin turned to the capital. Winning here is a small administrative site. At the same time, Gavriil Romanovich prodovzhuvav engaged in literature, changing odds (a lecture on his creativity, and in a few words).
Derzhavin buv the signs of the sovereign wealth for Paul I. However, he was not guilty of being a king, but he didn’t think for a zvichkoy, as he was lying with a new one, Gavriil Romanovich, in his antecedents, was harshly barking and rude. Oleksandr I, who changed Paul, also did not deprive Derzhavin without respect, having made him the Minister of Justice. However, through the rik he sings a buv of sounds from the land, oskil vіn serving "zanadto jealously". In 1809, Gavrilo Romanovich had a lot of buvs from all administrative districts.
creativity of the State
Russian Poezia to Gavriil Romanovich Bula to finish mentally. Derzhavin greatly expanded by those. Now, in the journey, creative work has appeared, as a simple ode to idle writing. Similarly, for the first time, Vichiznyan lyricia vinik has the image of the author, so that the singer's own specialness. Derzhavin, having respected, that in the basis of the mystery is bound to be the fault of the truth. Roz'yasniti її zdatniy sings. With a whole mystery, there can be a heritage of nature deprived of that, if it is possible to get close to the mindset, to the correction of people’s needs, and to their experience. Derzhavin vvazhaetsya prodovzhuvach tradition Sumarokov and Lomonosov. Win developing the traditions of Russian classicism in his creativity.
The significance of the poet for Derzhavin is the condemnation of the abominable vchinki and the glorification of the greats. For example, in one "Felicia" Gavriil Romanovich glorified the monarchy in the person of Katerini II. The Empress is just, wise, she protects herself in the whole creature of coryslive and greedy court nobles.
For their talent, for their journey, the Derzhavin marveled at the wizard, given poets for victory in political battles. Gavriil Romanovich to navigate the sklav "key" to his creations - the lecture commentary, in which it is said, were brought before the appearance of that one of them.
Mautok Zvanka and the first volume of creation
Derzhavin in 1797 bought the Zvanka ma'etoks and carried out a little bit of mischief in the new town. Already at offensive rotsi the first volume of the works of Gavril Romanovich appeared. The verses were gone before they died, they immortalized them: "To the death of Prince Meshchersky", "To the people of the porphyry youth", one "To" God "," Vodospad "," Boyarin "," Snigur ".
Dramaturgy of Derzhavina, participation in the literary gurt
Vyyshovshi at the vidstavku, mayzhe later assigning his life to the drama Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich. His creativity is directly linked to the stems of the decilkoh libreto of operas, as well as the coming tragedies: "Dark", "Evpraksia", "Irod and Mariamna". In 1807, he sings bravely to participate actively in the dyyalnosti of the literary gurk, for which he has established a partnership, which has gained great popularity. It was called "Besida Amateurs of the Russian Word". In his robot "Mirkuvannya about lyrical poeziya or about one" published his own literary publication Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich. His creativity strongly influenced the development of artistic literature in our land. Bagato poets danced to nyogo.
Death of the State and the share of his remains
Again, we told you about such a great man, yak Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin. Biography, tsikavi facts about new, creative spade - everything is covered in the statistics. It’s too late to tell us about the death of Derzhavin and about the share of his remains, which was not easy. As long as you can see it, you can see the biography of Gavril Romanovich Derzhavin, who wants to be briefly vicladen.
Derzhavin died of his mother Zvanka in 1816. Trunu on the second floor of the direction of the Volkhov on the barge. He sings a well-known old lane near the Transfiguration Cathedral in Veliky Novgorod. The whole cathedral was transferred to the territory of the Varlaam-Khutinsky monastery. Immediately, the bully was captured and the squad of Derzhavin Gavril Romanovich, Hanna Ivanivna.
Monastir bouv of zruynovany in the rock of the Great Vіtchiznyanoї vіyni... Derzhavin's grave also suffered. The repose of the remains of Gavriil Romanovich and the Gift of Oleksiyivny was brought up in 1959. The stench of boules was transferred to Novgorodsky Ditinets. At the junction of the 250th riches of Derzhavin in 1993, the remains of the poet Buli were turned into the Varlaam-Khutinsky Monastery.
Schools do not have a vipadkovo and to this day pass such a poet, yak Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich. Biography and creativity of his is important not only from the artistic point of view, but from the point of view. Adzheistiny, who prophesied in the State, vichni.
V. Borovikovsky "G.R. Derzhavin (fragment)
I can’t pretend
Be like a saint,
We are important by the sanction of inflating
І philosopher brother kind;
I love boldness,
Thinking to obey the deprived їm,
Rozum and heart lyudske
Buli my genієm. (G.R.Derzhavin)
Gavriil (Gavrila) Romanovich Derzhavin(3 linden 1743 r - 8 linden 1816) - the Russian sings the era of Prospect, which in the development of his life took over the lands of the powers: the ruler of the Olonets nominations (1784-1785 born), the governor of the Tambov province (1786 (r. member Russian Academy sciences at the moment of falling asleep.
Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin was born into a family mother in the village of Karmachi from Kazannyu in 1743, where he also provided a dignity. Win early trapped dad, Major Roman Mykolajovych. Mati - Tekle Andriyivna (urodzhena Kozlova). Derzhavin - the site of the Tatar Murzi Bagrim, hanging in the XV century from the Great Horde.
In 1757, the State Derzhavin entered the Kazan Gymnasium.
Vychivsya good, ale, end the gymnasia without reaching you: in the fierce 1762 fate, they wandered to Petersburg and were appointed to the Guard Preobrazhensky regiment. We will forgive our service as a soldier and after serving ten years, and since 1772 in the office of the office. In 1773-1774, the fate of the strangled insurrectionary Pugachov took over.
Together with the regiment, he took the fate of the palace coup, which grafted Catherine II to the throne. Literary and enormous popularity came to Derzhavin in 1782, when the ode "Felicia" was written, like a vykhvalya to Empress Catherine II.
І. Smirnovsky "Portrait of G.R. Derzhavin
A hot view of nature, the State depends on its ability to be flexible in life through its unrestrainedness, impatience and care because of its diligence to robotics, as it did not.
G.R. Derzhavin in Olonets province
In 1773 r, by the decree of Katerini II, the Olonets province was established (it was built in two countries and one district).
A collapsible system of administrative administrative and judicial organs, which took place in the hours of Peter I, was sorted out for his death. Until the ear of the 60s of the 18th century, the days of the day, were saved from the governor and the governor. The tsar Katerini II did not only reform it from the first years of life, but also introduced the system of international governance and the court, as well as a series of private decrees and amendments to the shortcomings. Until 1775, she had seen close to hundreds of such laws, however, in greater proportions, in private and insignificant nutrition. Selyanska vіyna pіd by wire O. Pugachova zmusil Katerina dyati bіlsh rіshuche. V.O. Klyuchevskiy for a reason, that the miscellaneous administration did not appear in the wake of the rebellion, but not in opposition to it.
In 1776, it was confirmed by Novgorodskoe namisnitstvo, which is located in two regions - Novgorodskoy and Olonetsky.
The first Olonets governor became G.R. Derzhavin. According to the law, a wide number of obligations have been laid on the governor: to support the actions of all the governor's particulars and to the laws. It’s obvious for the State that it’s vzhavv, vvvav, that the moderation in the mіtssevom management and judges to lay down completely in the summarily placed before the right and innocent attention of the bureaucrats to legislation. Rows of verse of G.R. Derzhavina:
I know, I'll put it in my:
All those who are curious, і disgusting, і hibious,
And so and so and in whom I will not tolerate.
I will only be quiet with praise,
If you will be good dividends,
Cinnamon will appear in the suspension -
Be a gentleman, be a servant, and be dear to me.
V. Borovikovsky "Portrait of Derzhavin"
Already a month later, after the approval of the governorate, establish the boules set before the house about those who are in the state services and who have broken the law, will be punished, in the world of importance for the failure to fail.
With the formulation of the bureaucratic apparatus G.R. Derzhavin stumbled upon such a problem, as a chronic failure of literate officials.
One hour from the stems of the business boules, the new provincial courts were established.
Derzhavin intends to put things in order in the province, fighting against corruption, altogether it called for a confrontation with the old world.
G.R. Derzhavin - governor of the Tambov province
At the breast of 1785 by the decree of Katerini II vin bov signs for the settlement of the ruler of the Tambov namisnitstva, Kudi arriving 4 birch 1786 r
Arriving in Tambov, Derzhavin found the province in extreme turmoil. For a lot of rock in the provinces, the governor was changing, in the right there are bezlads, the provincial cordons are not significant, the deficiencies have reached the majestic regions, the provincial center has sunk into the brood. The marriage was seen to illuminate all the suspension, and especially the nobility, like, according to Derzhavin, “...
For youth in the new bully, the class of grammar, arithmetic, geometry, vocal music, Dance class. Garnizon School and Spiritual Seminary gave low rіven knowledge, that in the booth of the merchant Ioni Borodin there was a public school. At the governor's booth, theatrical performances were given, and the theater was unbroken. To the credit of Derzhavin, it is possible to put the topography of the province and the plan of Tambov in order, to put things in order in the business, to see the rules of the ship, when they entered the ship before the end of the shipwright according to the decision of St. Under the new governors, the laws were broken and the law was put in order. Bulo was laid on a cob to the siritsky booth, bogadilny, lykarny. At a new level, there were national schools in Kozlov, Lebedyan, Morshansk. One of the provincial newspapers - "Gubernskie vedomosti" (Gubernskie Vedomosti), has started to play at the first provincial drukarna. The power of the State has laid the foundation for the further development of the Tambov region.
Senators Vorontsov and Narishkin were invited to the revision of the province. It is obvious that in the spring of 1787 Derzhavin was awarded the Order of Volodymyr of the 3rd degree. In spite of the special training, the State received an administrative gift and didn’t, because the reason for this lack of support in the previous post of the Olonets governor was much more opposed.
Allegedly, the progressive activity of the State in the Tambov region has gone to the top of the list with the interests of the religious supporters and nobles. Prior to that, Governor-General I.V. Gudovich stood at the side of his encounters in all conflicts. They, in their own heart, shouted at the villains and shahrais.
After the Derzhavin punished the assistant Dulov, who ordered him to beat the policeman harshly for another fault, she did not give in. Alec was the dislike of provincial assistants to the governor, who surrounded them. Also, marnimi boules are made according to the stealing of the merchant Matvia Borodin, who deceived the treasury when supplying the cesspool for the business, and at the same time took the winnie money on the minds that were unknown to the belongings. In the region, not far for Derzhavin, he turned to the right about purchasing provisions for the army.
Potik reports, skarg, hardening on the State of the land, and in the present 1789, the fate of the Buv Usunutii from the governor's seat. The lack of success in the governorship of Derzhavin brought a great bitterness to the Tambov region and depleted the past in the history of the region.
In 1789 r Derzhavin turned to the capital, de zymaє rіznі vysokі administrative posad. For the whole hour, I’m going to spend the whole hour literary creativity, Stvoryuє ody "God" (1784), "Grim peremogi, be heard!" (1791 unofficial Russian hymn), "Grandee" (1794), "Vodospad" (1798) and others create.
- 1791-1793 - Cabinet Secretary of Katerini II
- z 1793 - Senator
For Emperor Paul I, the poet was designated as a sovereign wealth, but Pavel didn’t think too much, as it was often rude and barking, as it was formulated by the new beast. “Go back to the Senate, - once yelling at the new emperor, - and sit there quietly, and I’m not going to give you those!” The enemies of the gniv of Paul I, Derzhavin deprived him of vimov: "Check, if the king is a good judge." Oleksandr I, who changed Paul, may not have deprived Derzhavin without respect - having designated him as the Minister of Justice. Ale through rіk zvіlniv: "zanadto zealously serve."
In 1809 r vin there are residual usunions from the great sovereign posts ("voices from usih refs").
Derzhavin and Pushkin
І. Rupin "Derzhavin on sleep in the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum"
In 1815 r at the clinic in the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, the State and Pushkin were first introduced. They were careful not to help Pushkin pro tsyu zustrich: “The State of the Bachiv I only once in my life, I will not forget that. Tse bulo in 1815 rotsі, at the public izpitі in the Lyceum. Yak know, that Derzhavin will be before us, all grasped. Delvig viyshov at the descent, schob finish and kiss your hand, hand, yaka wrote "Waterspad". Derzhavin arrived. Vіn uvіyshov in blue, and Delvіg felt like a power supply from the doorman: de, brother, is there a needy? Tsei prozovy nourishment rozcharuvav Delvіga, which skasuvav svіy namіr and turning around in the hall. Delvig tse promises me with divine innocence and fun. Derzhavin buv duzhe old. Vin bov in uniform and in plush chobot. Sleep our duzhe yogo vtomv. Win sid, support your head with your hand. Exposing yogo bulo bezgluzdo, eyes dull, lips vіdvisla: the portrait of yogo (de representations in kovpak and dressing gowns) is quite similar. Win dorm until a quiet feast, when he didn’t have time for vip testing in Russian literature. Here the wine was posed, the eyes began to shine; win the whole thing. Zrozumіlo, reading boules yogo vіrshі, sorted out yo vіrshі, shokhvilini praised yo wіrshi. Winn hearing about the life of an unwitting one. Nareshty winked at me. After reading my "Help in Tsarskoe Selo", I stood in two crocs from Derzhavin. I will not be able to describe the soul of my soul: if I am up to the point, I will guess the name of Derzhavin, the voice of my old children, but my heart beat with a grip ...
I don’t remember, as I have skipped my reading, I don’t remember, kudi vіk. Derzhavin bouv in flooded; vin me vimagav, wanting to embrace me ...
The creativity of G.R. Derzhavina
Until the State of Derzhavin, the Russian train was still too much of a brainer. Win boldly and unwittingly expanding with those - from a simple one to the most simple words. The image of the author, the specialness of the poet himself, appeared in the Russian poetry. At the heart of the mystery lies the temple of truth, having respected the State, rose to the point where it can only sing. The mystery is guilty of inheriting nature, only that one can get close to the true consciousness of the world, to the true vivification of people, to the correction of their sounds.
The State develops the traditions of Russian classicalism, being a prodigious tradition of Lomonosov and Sumarokov.
For the poet's new meaning - the glorification of the great vchinki and the condemnation of the abominable. In one "Felitsia" I will glorify the monarchy, as I will observe the rule of Katerini II. Reasonable, just, the Empress is opposed to greedy and honest noblemen of the court:
Edina tilki is not scryvdish,
Do not imitate anyone,
Foolish little fingers bachish,
Leave evil do not tolerate one ...
Derzhavin marveled at the journey, at his talent, ahead of him as a leader, given to him for political battles. Winning a special "key" to its own robots - a lecture commentary, which in the order of the day was brought up to the end of that particular creation.
"Volodary and Judges"
Having rebelled the Almighty God, so judge
The earthly gods among the host;
Docks, richok, docks for you
Have mercy on the unrighteous and the evil?
Your borg є: take the law,
Do not marvel at exposing the strong,
Without help, without defense
Do not miss out on sirit and dviv.
Your borg: ryatuvati vіd bіd innocent,
Unflattering taxes;
From the strong to seize the powerless,
Take back the people from the kaidans.
Chi do not hear! - I don’t know!
Cover with briar wool:
The misery of the earth is shaking,
Ziblet heaven.
Tsars! - I thought, you are the gods of the land,
Nichto is not judging you, -
Ale vi, yak I, like zhaguchi
I am so mortal as I am.
If you get it like that,
Yak from the trees ziv'yaly leaf in the fall!
I will die like that,
Yak your last slave will die!
Rise, God! God is right!
Feel the first zoya:
Come, judge, punish the evil ones
And be the only king of the earth!
In 1797, the State of Derzhavin added the Zvanka maotoks, and deceptively carried them along a few months. In the offensive rotsi viyshov in the first light of this creature, before the death of such an immortal, such as “On the folk of a porphyrogenic youth”, “On the death of the prince. Meshchersky "," Klyuch "," God "," On the Bribe of Izmaila "," Grandee "," Vodospad "," Snigur ".
Vyishovshi at the exhibition, Derzhavin will practically take on the appropriate dramaturgy - having written a libreto of operas, tragedies "Irod and Mariamna", "Evpraksiya", "Dark". Since 1807, he has actively taken part in the selection of a literary group, from the beginning of the founding of the partnership "Besida amateurs of the Russian word". Pratsyuvav over "Mirkuvannya about lyrical poeziya abo about one", in which he published his own authoritative literature.
Gavriil Romanovich і th squad Ganna Ivanіvna was buried in the Transfiguration Cathedral of Varlaam-Khutinsky Monastery near Veliky Novgorod. Derzhavin died in 1816 rotsi in his booth in the mat "Zvanka". Trunu with the rest of the deceased on the barge along the Volkhov, went to its resting lane. Pid hour of the Great Victory Day Monastir of Buildings. The grave of Derzhavin suffered. In 1959, the remains of the poet and the first squad in Novgorod Ditintsy were recovered. In 1993, in tune with the poet's 250 riches, the remains of the boule were turned into a monastery.
"Monument"
I erected a monument to sob miracles, vichny,
Metal is harder for wine and food for food;
Neither vikhor yogo, nor is it possible to anger shvidkoplinny,
In the first hour, the flight of one cannot be rooted out.
So! - all I will not die; The smaller part is less large.
From the tlіnu vіkshi, after death the camp of life,
I glory to my vigor, my axis is fading,
The docks of the Slavs are born in the universe of bude shanuvati.
The rumor will pass about me from the Bulikh waters to the Chernikh,
De Volga, Don, Neva, from reef Ural;
Everyone will be remembered in the nations of His uncharitable,
Yak with impunity, I became timid,
So I dared to live in a funny Russian warehouse
Vote about garbage Felitsia,
In the heart of simplicity, we talk about God
I tell the truth to kings with a laugh.
About Muse! taking pride in the merit of righteousness,
І zekhtuє hto you, quietly worry yourself;
Unimpeachable by a hand that is not capacious,
Cholo your dawn of immortality has come.
Help about Derzhavin S.T. Aksakova
The noble and straightforward character of the State was so visible, so viznachennya, so vidomy, but in a new nichto did not pardon; all, who wrote about new, - wrote even more vіrno. You can have a feeling of being hot and hot when you are young, and when you are young, you often get hot and lively. Something I could think of, I didn’t stick around, I didn’t care about seventy-three years of admiration, I’d love it with my own feelings, and I’d like to hear from the heart. Impatience, as for me to be built, was the head of the power of yogo vdachі; And I think that she has piled up a lot of uncomfortable troubles in her everyday life. Yak soon yogi became overwhelmed with natkhnennya - win having come to impatience and managed by my own without a daddy: bending the syntax, the word-out-of-the-way and the very words. Win showing me, like correcting rough, short twisting in my own creations, so I can get ready for a great vision. Positively, I can say that it was wrong to correct it uncorrected, and the wrongs were replaced by even bigger wrongs. I ascribe such a failure in the amendments to an impatient one like Derzhavin. I dared to say a little bit of a thought, and even happily after a while.
Richka has an hour at her own pragnenna
Take all the people right
І drown at the prіrvі zabuttya
People, kingdoms and kings.
And how can I get lost
Through the sounds of lyri and trumpets,
Those vichnostі the mouth of the devoured
First and foremost, never before.
(Ode to Derzhavin is not completed)
Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin - vidatny sings, a representative of vichiznyany classicism, huge dyach, Having appropriated my life and my creativity to the servant of the Batkiv region and the Empress. Vin became the founder of the tract of poetry, but became a small part of the era of the rule of Katerini II. Unusual specialness, truth-lover and champion of honor, wine on the table inscribing his name in the history of our land.
Shlyakh from a soldier to the minister
Maybutniy sings on the 14th day of 1743 to rock in the small village of Karmachi, close to Kazan. Daddy yogo bully half-pank noblemen: mother, Fyokla Andriyivna Kozlova, and daddy, who lost it to an early child, second-major Roman Mykolayovich.
Gavriil Romanovich, having spent a few years in the Kazan Gymnasium, having left and entered the service in the Preobrazhensky Regiment as an ordinary soldier, took the fate of Peter III, who was brought down to the throne by Katerina II. Already in 1772 rotsi Derzhavin became an officer and took part in the strangled Pugachov rebellion.
promoted to the service on hromadyanska, the great sings a deyakiy hour after being served in the Senate. Ale i tsei shlyakh appeared thorny. Being a great Champion of honor and justice, Gavriil Romanovich did not get along well with the greedy and loving officials, in connection with which he was constantly going through the mission of service. In 1782, the State Derzhavin wrote an ode to "Felicia", which was dedicated to the great Empress Katerina, for which and after the designation by the Governor of Olonets, and then Tambov.
Vidatny sings the sound of the empress herself, for the presentations from the seat of the special office-secretary. In 1802-1803, having spent time with the honorable estate of the Minister of Justice, I didn’t know about moral satisfaction;
Creativity in Im'ya Vіtchizni
Perebryuyuyutsya in the service of the sovereign, the Derzhavin did not take a trip. Vona bula yogo light, yogo not many parts. Drukuvatisya the great sings since 1773 rock. Virny ideyam Derzhavin became the messenger of Lomonosov and Sumarokov.
In 1779, Gavriil Romanovich became a follower of the strong style in creativity - Philosophical Lyrics... So the stems of odes "To the death of God", "Vodospad" and I. Gavriil Romanovich became a rich-faced poet. Mariamna "," Pozharskiy "and іn. They overwhelmed the beat of the rounds of the literary group" Besida of the amateurs of the Russian word "
The image of Derzhavin in portraits
Crazy, sleepy historical specialties indistinctly tied with її portraits, so they came to us from gibini hours. Gavriil Derzhavin without becoming a blame. For this life, a number of miraculous portraits were written;
Penzlya artist V.L. Borovikovskiy lay two portraits to be dated to 1795 and 1811 years. On them sings images in the period of his life. The artist A.A. Vasilivsky and N. Tonchi also added to the image of the poet in their canvases. The history and the share of cich portraits of growth, ale and only one: from the canvases, people marvel at us with the living, clever eyes, the people of the genial mind and the richest awesomeness.
Derzhavin in the portraits of V.L. Borovikovsky
Borovikovsky is a famous portrait painter of the 18th century, an academician of painting, who knew how to see the specialties of that hour. Yogo penzlyu lie portraits of Paul I, Katerini II, Prince Kurakin and Bagatokh іnshikh. Vin also opened two widely visible portraits of Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin.
In the portraits, which 1795 rotsi are performed, sings and a huge dyach postaє in front of us in his ceremonial dress with high towns... Be amazed at the new, mi rosumієmo, tse tse lyudin energіyna, pratsovita and invincible penetration. Derzhavin marveled proudly, altogether at the same hour good-naturedly, with a deacon. Enmity ensues, as the artist finds Derzhavin at work: he sings to sit on a lousy bookish shafi, covered with veil, and his hand is laid on documents and manuscripts. You can see the canvas in the State Tretyakov Gallery.
On the first portrait of the State of 1811, the fate of the bachimo is already a little bit of the old people, in the wise eyes of whom the fire of life and the fiery spirit still burns. He sings here also in a ceremonial dress, ale the city on a new one, it’s bigger, it’s better to talk about a lot of achievements for the fate of life. The portrait of the writings is not in the interior, but in the big key, in the dark, which is uncharacteristic for an artist.
gentry old age
The portrait of Derzhavin Vasylivskyi is dated until 1815. He sings in nyogo images from rіk to death. Vasylivsky to bach yogo lіtnіm, we will do it as a human being, having borrowed a high rank and a good reputation at the court. Uninvolved on abduction vik, In his eyes, you can see all the same life and addictive mind.
Gavriil Romanovich stands before us in his home clothes, with a small cowboy on his head. Come to see, wien, ready to go to sleep, have not yet stood to put out the candle in their hands, and hang out with their calm light, revealing in noble snakes and dark room.
Irkutsk Derzhavin
Tsikava prehistory of the history of portraits of the State of Robot Italian N. Tonchi. On the right in that, the Irkutsk merchant and the great Shanuvalnik of the poet's creativity, Sibiryakov, has given a hat and a fur coat from a sable as a gift to his idol Bagat. Itself in all sings sings and posts on two identical portraits of the majestic roses, created by the Italian. The state of the images is to sit on the bed of the picture.
One of the portraits knows his own place in the courtyard of the St. Petersburg booth of the great poet. On the new one, the author has overlaid an inscription in Latin, as if to say: "Justice is in the skeleton, the prophetic spirit is in the ruddy gathering, and the heart and honesty are in the bilious".
Another canvas went by Sibiryakov, to the great joy and pride. Portrait of G.R. The picture was taken by the merchant for a rosary hour and was kept in the warehouse, in the cold. The artist Vronsky gave another life as a gift, who didn’t just stick the portrait’s masternally, but became the co-author of the great Tonch, having painted on the background a view of the old Irkutsk.
The canvases did not end with the whole ministry. In 1917, before the hour of the battle between the Red Guards and the Junkers, there was a lot of buzz with the coolies and, well, it didn’t get renewed. Ale in 1948-1952 rr. by the great efforts of the restorers of the vitvir mystery, the new life was known. A portrait, if you want to be able to do it yourself, can take part in the Tretyakov Gallery for the year, and another option can be found in the painting gallery of Mista Irkutska.