Yuniy geniy to the landscape. Five famous paintings by Fyodor Vasiliev. Fedir Vasil'ev "Vidliga" - Gena S

Fedir Vasil'ev. Vidliga.
1871. Canvas, olive. Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Russia.
(Author's copy: State Russian Museum, Saint Petersburg, Russia).

In 1871, Vasilyev created one of his foremost creations - Vidliga, and in the early spring of 1871, Yaka Bula was presented to the competition in the Association of Artists, and was awarded the first prize. The picture carried in itself a great social environment, it was all crushed by the tight and hazy, the artist's hot thoughts about the life of the Russian village.

Close for his svitovidchuttyam to romanticism, Vasil'ev, pragmatic to the bending of strong sentiments, whispering yaskravi, non-inviting nature, the fold life of the sky, sprung before a thunderstorm, vidliga in the middle of winter.

The painting of the Viconan in the artist's love with warm golden - brown - olive gamma and viglyada mayzhe monochrome for color. Inspired by folding tonal interlocks, she gulped in vyshukanist coloristic gems and thin leaves. The composition of the picture is knitted along the horizontal line to match the versatility and lack of preference of the rural landscape.

Vasilyev prodovzhu his vision of the Russian nature, prazglediti in nіy nіypotaєmnіshe, unrepeatable, but only in power: I will sound the flesh of lines,

The painting is small, great, great success for a young artist. Її having bought P. M. Tretyakov. At the competition, sponsored by the Association of Mysteries, "Vidliga" rejected the first prize, at that hour it was Savrasov's "Pechersky Monastir", who was Vasil'ev Mig Bi, vzvazyvat one of his witnesses, having cut off a friend.

The painting of Vasil'ev of the same name, as embellished with the exposition of the Russian Museum, is an author's repetition, a visonane specially for the royal court, it was replaced by Emperor Oleksandr III. The very number of forty stealing creations Russian artists were sent to the All-Sunday show in London in 1872, de Boulo was identified as one of the most famous people who had subscribed to the article of an English reviewer.

The appearance of the painting "Vidliga" at the ric of the first overseas show, yak bi naturally introduced Vasil'ev into a number of advanced artists close to you.

Twenty-three rocky bulo to Fedor Vasil'ev, if a horrible and unflagging ailment cut off his life. To dedicate all the rock of the natural creative work of zmig vin to the beloved mystery, and short line It was very bright and generous that it was a matter of scrutinizing the sides and painting of Russian paintings to the new and modern landscapes of the native land. They called Fyodor Vasil'ev Kramskoy and Rapin “the genial boy”, “great talented” by introducing the young artist Stasov, who had “one of the most beautiful hopes of our vital school”.

Tilki pershi crocs zrobiv Fedir Vasil'ev to spread out in front of him a wide creative way and the deputy is at hand. Ale and those who have lost it to us, will always sound in the Russian mystery of their own special poetic note. Vasil'ev's artistic decline is not great, and it is not great, but it is not the versatile motives that have become obsessed with those who are involved, and to this day fill us up. Shche Kramskoy borderingly clearly recognizes the historical merit of his genial young twin: "I was judged to bring into the Russian landscape something that was rejected by the rest of the marriage: a trip with a naturalness."

Like a single, stingy and unpredictable empty-hearted kindly familiar to the skin of Russian people, the rural landscape of the middle swamp of Russia at that turning point, if winter is still running into the spring, but in the future, there will be no eccentric springtime!

Nature unwillingly to pass through the winter sleep. The whole awakened is dumb joy. Іrzhavі toni snіgu, scho tanya, will transform into a sticky brude, foggy distance and the sky is not clinging.

Everything around is wet and rotten - і dark green tails, і lead-sirі chimneys, ice lightened by the weak flashes of a wicked dream, і the road from Kvele turned sour with snow runners, і roztіx wide, skinny streaks. And the penetrating wind, also the whimsical and volatile, is easy to ripple the water of the thawed little bit and the meta, the shot droplet into the edge of the distance. Mabut, even more self-sufficient, ruined in the whole rotten lack of traffic, see for itself a vague transitional and super-vigorous little girl.

Those, who stand in nonsense in front of a wide thawed stream in the middle of the road, the stench is created by being drawn into its oppressive length of vague middle ground winter nature... Хні postati іt pіdsilyuyut an alarmingly difficult mood. Ale vono is not victorious, but to see the natural beauty of the landscape. The crying ball sirich hmara break through the fearful glimpse of the sleepy light, the Nemov blessing the road on the hard way.

All around, no souls, only the hut was kidnapped on the sidelines to talk about the proximity of the poor and wretched, albeit all the same, a lane for the unpretentious people, hunted in a whole summer evening in a cold and cold day before spring ...

At the pozhovkly Novocherkassk SNIG, there is a dark zvivist number of runners. The brood wandered in the thawed water, the legs of the villagers - the grown-up and the child - were loaded into the slots, and only the crows and jackdaws, on which the little ones ordered, all the gift: the stench of being angry on the road in the jokes of the small winter. The wide rіvnina is crushed by the important, we will frown with the sky. Turbue the flickering beaches of those and lights on the snow, the turbines and oppress. Kurna khata with a low dakh and one "slap" at the end of a viglyad, abandoned, the process is not like that: a small dimok is creeping through the trumpet - a detail of all the chipans, which are known for the specifics of the Russian landscape ( "I dim Vіtchizni vіtchizni us loky and accept", "Russia, evil Russia, My hati sіrі thine, Your me sirі vіtrovі, - Yak slosi pershі loves", "Ale and such, my Russia, all dear»).

You may be able to build a free space, penetrating with cold, not having a lot of roads, setting an intimate way that all people know for everyone who knows Russia, having written an old man, looking at a typical landscape of winter. Lyudin, whose eyes were brought back to the languid wisdom and sorrow. Aleksey for the author of the famous "Vidliga", he is a 20-year-old cheerful lad, by the way, lad Fedir Vasil'ev, who, in the Academy, will be able to hear only in the same time, since the painting glorified him.

Yak "Vidliga" trochas passing by with "Gaivorons"

In the early spring of 1871 in Moscow, in the exhibition halls on Velikiy Dmitrovtsi, a show of the Partnership was held. Oleksiy Savrasov, a 40-year-old Muscovite, whose creativity in that era was known in zenit, having given to the competition the painting "Pechersk Monastery in Nizhny Novgorod". During the debates, Moscow criticism was unsupported by the most sickly not to the new, but to the young St. Petersburg resident Fyodor Vasil'ev: he was awarded the first prize of the Comradeship of the Witcher Mistress who had become others.

The history (including the history of the art) does not know the intellectual way. Ale the melodiously competitive wrestling could have been meaningfully more hospitable, as Savrasov gave a picture to the show, as if he had picked it up for the First overseas show, as he would be seen in a whole lot, - "Graki have arrived."

Wonderful ric: two masterpieces, which marked the exposure of the Russian landscape for the next ten years, were written in one and the same days, and do not take into account the meaningfulness of the “vidliga” and “Hayvorons”. Offensive pictures depict a short interval between winter and spring spring days Thousand heights of seventy-one), pidtaly snig, lack of energy, dark trees, thawed water, pochornili trees; offenses were written in response to the recent Volzian feuds of Vasiliev and Savrasov; ascetic for both boulevards, mayzhe monochrome coloring; offended by the new - social - vimir landscape; insults "sounded" piercingly and summarily; offended by a quintessential choice of Russian; offended, just one in one, they celebrated a coup in Russian painting, which Kramskoy called the presence of "soul" in the landscape.

Guchny successes "Vidliga" Fedor Vasil'ev

To understand the power of the success of "Vidliga" among the participants, I will try to understand the situation in a large way: Fedor Vasil'ev is only 20 years old, he is illegally denominated, he cannot claim the rights of the father, You may not be a bit familiar with the fact, you can formally be called a professional artist - at the Academy of Artists, you can be listed as a patron of the restorer Sokolov. And yogo "Vidliga" right from the list of the kupuє Pavlo Tretyakov (and this is the third Vasylivska picture in the yogo collection). Moreover, "Vidliga" was so honored by the Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich (the Maybut Emperor Oleksandr the Third), as it was he who took over the author's repetition for himself. Vasil'ev buv supervisingly vimoglivy and navit pristine to himself ( "I, bachte, am tormented with grief, marvel at my picture"), Ale, nathnenny viznannyam completing a copy less than nіzh for the author of the month - already in the birch of 1871, she violated to the deputy, to take a day in Anichkov Palace.

Through the ik "Vidliga", from the victory of the Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich, it was sent to London - to the All-Day Show. The enterprise was looking at the risikovanim: what is the sound? Would you like to evaluate the European journey of the Russian rivnine, how about the Russian evil and the lack of money to winkle at them with a skeptical laugh, or the pressure of your shoulders? Ale and here I saw that they were flooded!

Vplivova The Morning Post wrote: “We would like to, if Vasil'ev arrived in London before us and after writing the bi of our London streets, before the hour of the Shvidkoy Vidliga, to that one, it wouldn’t be better if he didn’t write it like that. Take a look at this picture "Vidliga", on a wet brute, on a gray, brute and brown snow; respect kolії, I will stream the water and go to the house and say, who is not the right artist for the whole staff. "

Technics and meanings of sorcerers in the painting by Fyodor Vasiliev "Vidliga"

"Vidliga" viglyad wonderfully mature ricchu and at the same time take revenge on a few innovative sorcerers.
The picture is unrelated to the format: the width of the canvas strongly twisted (the height of the canvas is two times less than the width) gave a panoramic view, and even the "flatness" of the earth and human zanity helped to see it. While building, the artist knew how to bring the figurines of people not to revive the landscape, but to be sensitive to the humility and tightness of the people. The diagonal of the road is cross-like crossed with stitches, witty human tracks, and the artistic idea of ​​life as an important “hot way”.

Englishmen, such as the landscape painter John Constable, pivstolittya, having instilled in particular the poetry of the Zedbani Sylskie coots, wrote about Fyodor Vasil'ev, that Volodya was born with a childish talent. "Malovnichu smilivist navit Launched".

The porous texture of the snig in the foreground is drawn by the specialists of the special Vasilivskoy technici the overlap of the farbi - critics called it "Shiny smear"... Tsіkavo, scho Vasiliev is ready, to wind large-sized paintings, vvvavvat for beautifully pristine wiklyuvati thin penzliks. Ilya Rєpin rozpovіdav, yak wіn welcomed special features and іtrimіvіd from Fyodor Vasiliev, as explained: “I’m hungry for small, kolonkovy(With brushes - ed.) : They are so kind lipiti and malyuvati molds ... And mazati Kvach, yak parkani, yak gidota, I hate mazani ... "

Epilogue

For the 40-year-old Savrasov, "Graki have arrived" became the pinnacle of his professional career: all of his offensive robots will be part of the "Hayvorons", and will be programmed for new pictures; Savrasov is almost more drunk, having transformed from the professor MUZHSA into a drunken alcoholic, or lived through the opening of the "grakiv" even more than a quarter of a century. For the yogh happy super guy in the competition of the Partnership of the Mistress Fyodor Vasil'ev, 20th "Genialny Yunak", Yak was called by everyone, who knew everything, everything will turn out to be the name of the innakshe. "Vidliga" may become the most popular public success - ale for the reason: in all two rockies Vasilyev died from tuberculosis in Crimea, having risen to write a few miraculous pictures (for example, "Mokry Meadows" and "Mokry Meadows" and "Almighty Mountains" the relish of glory and insane insane vizannya, as it has become from "vidliga", you will not be able to succumb to it.

The paintings of Fyodor Vasil'ev are presented in the Russian Museum, the Tretyakov Gallery, in the museums of Yalti and Odessa. Behind the spogadas of the contenders, vin buv duzhe pratsovitiy, from this "magical olivtsya" couldn’t viscerate the same detail.

If you don't have a passion and passion for painting, then the art of painting, I don't know what you are. Slap was born in the family of the St. Petersburg postal official. Through the marriage of pennies, Yunak in 12 years pishov pratsyuvati to the head post office, ala, tim not throwing his flood to the trivialities. If you have accepted 15 years, I have entered the Art School of the Partnership of Artists, having learned about famous artists.

yogo good friend becoming Ivan Kramskoy. Uninvolved at the retreat at the visitor (Ivan Ivanovich is 13 years older than Fedor), the stench has become even closer. A leaf of the painter was saved, in which it was known to Vasiliev: “My life would not be so rich, my fortune would not be so fundamental, as I didn’t want to be with you in my life ... part is dear, your branch is a branch. Your life is to see in my ... "

Self-portrait of Fyodor Vasiliev. Photo: Public Domain

Chimalu role in the formation of Vasilyev as an artist star and Ivan Shishkin. Win vchiv Yunaka transfer poached to the canvas with border accuracy, telling about the main character of the little one. Since then, the stench has become relatives: Shishkin became friends with Eugene Vasil'voi, the sister of Fyodor.

Saving a few leaves, like a young artist guiding his friend Shishkin. One of them is from the 11th serpnya of 1872, the rock of the bullet was written from Yalti, where the artist climbed over a bunch of legends.

“I do it, like I’m ready, only to get it done through a penny, but I’m going to be tortured”; Grand Duke Volodymyr Oleksandrovich, who has already trimmed one of my paintings, having replaced a few chotiri, from which I didn’t think I’d get excited, I wanted to try it; still, to complete the sadness, the picture must be finished to the term, up to 24 breast; so that the pictures are so distributed, it means, and the gift will be lost, the one for the competition in the ninth place without writing in the distance, so it’s an hour to miss the time of the future rock, and Vi, mabut, I know this thing is rosy, I’m sure to write ".

Bring the robot to the end without reaching it: in two months, 6 October 1873, the rock vin died.

"Volzki Laguni", 1870 rik

The painting "Volzki Laguni" turned great interest in the posthumous display of paintings by Fyodor Vasilyev. Photo: Public Domain

In 1870, the 20-year-old Fedir Vasil'ev returned to the road along the Volz at the same time with his artists Illey Rapin and Evgen Makarov. Rocky, by that, Ilya Yukhimovich wrote at his book “Far Nearby” that the young cholovik had smashed his companions in his robotic manner and became a “miraculous teacher” for older comrades: violated youmu. A whole lively vibrant butt wicked in all disputes and not allowing mirkuvan; vin buv is a miraculous teacher for all of us. "

Behind his words, “the old man with a shred of a machine sewing head scribbled over a small sheet of his small album and described a picture of a steep bank with a curved bank over the steep houses, fences. stunted de-Revtsev and fire the colo-Kolna far away ... "

The people, broken down for an hour of travel, served as the basis for decilkoh paintings, including "Volzki Laguni".

In the Maybut canvas, Pavel Tretyakov was consumed in the zbori. Win took away the posthumous display of the artist's paintings in 1874 to the rakhunok borgu, as Vasil'ev did not want to viplate to the patron through his ailment and death.

“View of the Volza. Barks ", 1870 rіk

In Danish hour, the canvas is on display in St. Petersburg in the Russian Museum. Photo: Public Domain

The picture was also painted on the road along the Volza.

Through the risk of death of the artist, they were sent to the backstage glance, de on her having brutalized Tretyakov's respect. I got this leaf to Ivan Kramskoy, in which I wrote, I am guilty of the mother of my own collection.

“I am virulent, so for the sight of you my eyes, my mother Vasil'ev certainly needs a landscape with barges, so as a specimen is given an understanding, as bi win is also a miraculous seascape; and I sent you a telegram at once; I hope that you will help my love to the works of Vasilyev ... ”, wrote Vin.

However, the plans were not condemned to be fooled. In Danish hour, the canvas is on display in St. Petersburg in the Russian Museum.

"Vidliga", 1871 rik

Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovych, having replaced Vasil'va with the author's repetition of the painting "Vidliga". Photo: Public Domain

"The painting" Vidliga "is so hot, strong, smart, with a great poetic snake, and at the same hour, young (not in the sense of childhood), and young, who woke up to life, so vimagay sob the right of the bulk of people, I want new, I want new maє kornnya is far away, ”Ivan Kramskoy, describing Vasil'ev’s robot in this way.

"Vidliga" was presented for the first time to the court of gazes in the course of the competition show of the Association of Artists, for which it was awarded the first prize. In that same 1871, the fate of the Muscovites could be killed: won the fate of the Vistavtsi Molho -Moscow Association of Lovers of Artists.

Mystetstvoznavtsі means that the canvas was making Vasilyev as famous as he is. Young people began to propagate the creation of copyright paintings. One of the deputies of the winners did not know how to see them - the Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich, the Maybut Emperor Oleksandr III.

Landscape, vikonaniy descho in іnshіy kolorovіy gamі, embellishing Anichkov palace, the stars in 1872 were sent to the Londonska shorіchnu international display. Among the English, the picture was awarded to the flooded ones.

Infected copy, broken for Oleksandra III, Presented in the Russian Museum. The original can be poured in one from the halls of the Tretyakov Gallery.

"Mokriy meadow", 1872 rik

The painting took part in the competition of the Association of Artists. Photo: Public Domain

Pratsuyuchi over "vidligi", Vasilyev pіdіrvav health. It has become a mess for the drug users, because the stench can be right not because of a cold cold, but because of tuberculosis. To improve health, Fyodor was sent to Krim.

Already on p_vostrov_ Vasil'ev svoryuє picture " wet meadow", Written by him for yogi in spogadami. In 1872, the rotsi canvas was presented at the exhibition of the Association of Artists, deserving another place, sacrificing the robot of his brother-in-law - Ivan Shishkin.

"Mokriy lug" was added by Pavel Tretyakov, who specially arrived to St. Petersburg before the ear of the show.

"Near the Krimskie Mountains", 1873 rik

The painting was bought from the author Sergei Tretyakov. Photo: Public Domain

“This painting is not similar to anyone else, it is not the same for anyone, it’s not the least, to see from one artist, not a school, it’s worth it to such a world of self-cleaning and all the funniest of all, every , but I can say only one thing: it’s not good at all, it’s nasty to wind in my minds, ale tsely - genially ”, - this is how Ivan Kramskoy gave the canvas.

On yogo thought, marvel at Tatar traffic, harnessing oxen, gazing mimovoly, indulge in the middle of the history: “stand quietly under the pines, hearing a noise at the temples above your head”.

The picture became one of the last robots of Vasiliev. Seemingly, a collection of wines has been planted in a wide canvas, having changed his mind a little, having vibrated the vertical. Tim himself, vvazhayut the masterpieces, in the desire to adhere to the height of the gir and to straighten up the mountain.

Є paintings, like chimos "cheer for the soul". One of them is the painting by Fyodor Vasiliev "Vidliga" (1871)
The order of "Gaivorons" by Savrasov and "Bereznem"

Nature unwillingly to pass through the winter sleep. The whole awakened is dumb joy. Іrzhavі toni snіgu, scho tanya, will transform into a sticky brude, foggy distance and the sky clinging to a cloudy sky, self-contained figures in the weary pishohodіv still grow more worrisomely harsh. Ale vono is not victorious, but to see the natural beauty of the landscape. Vasil'ev prodovzhu his vision of Russian nature, pragmatism in the new era, unrepeatable, but only in power: I will sound the flesh of the lines, as the soil was filled with corn

The first thing in the picture is the collapse of the fall ...

The painting is small, great, great success for a young artist. Її having bought P. M. Tretyakov. At the competition, sponsored by the Partnership for Artists, "Vidliga" won the first prize. V offensive rotsi sent to London for the All-Sunday show "Vidliga" A copy of the painting, unaffected by the pesimistic tonality, was substituted for the artist for the Imperial Family

іnsha vidoma picture artist - "Mokriy Meadow", written in 1872 rotsi, if Vasilyev traveled to Krima through nevilikovnoy ailments... At the same time, the landscape of the middle smuga vikonano, native to the artist, is native to the artist, but according to sketches, we are breaking it down earlier

Even more good in the pictures of the transmissions of the fortune, even more important in the landscape, because it looks like a thick, thick smell of onions and marsh grasses. The camp of the sky, the harmony of the water on the surface of the water wet pockets... Here, I look like a small picture of light, only a few of them. See the landscape like "seeing the unclear languid"

Insulting pictures displayed in the Tretyakov Gallery

Fedir Oleksandrovich Vasil'ev, having lived a short life, altogether having written miracles for himself native nature Devotionalism is one with a subtle, penetrating lyricism. In front of this canvas, especially if I wrote or rewrote the khmari, I saw both Kramskoy and Rupin in podivi. In these landscapes, the presence of an artist alive, buried in the beauty of nature, is alive

An important role in the formation of the artist was played by the greatest landscape painter I. І. Shishkin. At the same time with him Vasil'ev pratsyuvav two years of sleep. For a young painter, a classy bachiti, it is grasping and poetic, it is important to know the big school
Literally, held on Valaam, the artist was trained to become an independent robot

"Young, arcane, all five rocky are alive as an artist, like an artist who is great, .. the sky is alive, the sky is alive, the sky is crumbling, and the sky is crumbling and give the landscape, like the sky is alive in hundreds of your paintings."

Ge M.M.