Yaky Russian emperor wearing a prisiko peacemaker. Tsar-peacemaker Oleksandr III. Emperor All-Russian. The peasant character of the newly baked ruler and pearl barley in the coronation menu
Born 10 birch (26 fierce in the old style) 1845 rock in St. Petersburg. Win buv another blue of Emperor Oleksandr II and Emperor Mary Oleksandrivnya.
Otrimav tradition for the grand dukes of the Vyiskovo-engineering education.
In 1865, after the death of his elder brother, Grand Duke Mikoli, he became Tsarevich, for whom he had lost more fundamental knowledge. Among the mentors are Oleksandr Buli Sergiy Solovyov (history), Yakiv Grot (history of literature), Mikhailo Dragomirov (history of literature). Naybіlshy pouring into the crown prince breaking the viclades of legal knowledge Kostyantin Pobedonostsev.
In the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878, the command in the Ruschuksky corral in Bulgaria. We took part in the Volunteer Fleet - a joint stock ship-sailing company, a party to the new economic policy.
Ziyeshov to the throne 1 birch 1881 fate was sent by the terrorists-Narodnaya Volya Oleksandr II. The first rock of the king of the provinces in Gatchina before the strength of the defense of the police.
In the reforms, daddy, bachiv, persh for everything, the negative aspects - the growth of the uryadovy bureaucracy, the importance of material support to the people, the inheritance of the old education. The political ideal of Oleksandr III was spoken about by the announcement of the patriarchal-Batkiv autocratic rule, implanted in the suspension of religious values, the change of the backbone structure, nationally-self-contained self-standing.
April 29, 1881 Oleksandr III having seen the manifest "On the integrity of the autocracy" and having ignited a number of reforms, such as the bullets were straightened on the part of the estate, the liberal repairs of the reformer father.
The internal politics of the tsar was characterized by the empowerment of control of the central power over the spheres of life of the power.
To strengthen the role of the police, the city and the central administration, it was adopted "Provisions about coming in to protect the state security and the great peace" (1881). Accepted in 1882, the "Timchasov rules about druk" were clearly enlightened about those about how it was possible to write, and they introduced strict censorship. Krym, a number of "counterreforms" have been carried out, the zavdyaki who have gone into the distance to strangle the revolutionary movement, the first for all the activity of the "Narodna Volya" party.
Oleksandr III came alive to protect the rights of the noblemen-helpers: having fallen asleep in the Noble Land Bank, taking the position of recruiting for the helpers in the field, having made the administrative support of the community
During the first half of the 1880s, there was a very low entry into the city, so that the material conditions of the people and those who help socially work in suspension were introduced: per capita tax.
Serious respect, the Emperor has come to promote the suspicious role of the Orthodox Church: he has increased the number of church-parafial schools, having made it possible to repress against the Old Believers and sectarians.
Tsar Oleksandr III completed the erection of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow (1883), renewal of the church in front of the tsar, prompted by the abundant new monasteries and churches.
Oleksandr III has made a hundred contributions to the overdue system of state and suspension payments. In 1884 rotsi vin vidav the Universitetsky Statute, which urged the autonomy of the Universities. In 1887, I saw a "circular about kukhovarchinikhdіtey", which surrounded the hope in the school of children from the lower stanіv.
Having noted the supportive role of the small nobility: in 1889, the villagers 'self-discipline was ordered by the zemstvo chiefs - they got in their hands the court and administrative authority to the officials from the workers' assistants.
Providing reforms in the sphere of municipal administration: land and government (1890, 1892) self-made products, They surrounded the rights of viborts from the lower verses of the suspension.
Having surrounded the sphere of diy to the jury, you will renew the judiciary for political trials.
For the stately life of Russia in the rock of the governor of Oleksandr III, there is a characteristic economy of growth, which is richly linked with the policy of the strongest intercessor of the modern industry. The land re-seized the army and the navy, became the largest exporter of agricultural products in the world. The order of Oleksandr III cried out for the growth of the great capitalist industry, until it reached the last successes (the production of metallurgy in 1886-1892, the rock was podvoilasya, the hemisphere grew by 47%).
The name of Russian policy under Oleksandr III was driven by pragmatism. The leading zmist was the turn from the traditional spirituality from Nimechchinoy to the alliance with France, which was the one from the 1891-1893 rocks. Zagostrennya vіdnosin s Nіmechchinoya bulo zgladzheno "reinsured by a contract" (1887).
Oleksandr III took part in history as a tsar-Peacemaker - in the rock of the rule of Russia, Russia did not take part in one serious military-political conflict of that hour. One more meaningful battle - the take of Kushka - was brought up in 1885 when the transfer to Russia was completed.
Oleksandr III Buv was one of the initiators of the Russian Historical Partnership and his first head. Falling asleep in the Historical Museum in Moscow.
Win having forgiven the court etiquette and ceremonial, zokrema, bowing to the tsar, passing the staff of the ministry to the court and seeing Suvoriy for the vitrazhannya pennies.
The Emperor of God, being merciful, modest, after spending time with the family and friends. Tsіkavivya music, painting, history. Having picked up a large collection of paintings, objects of decorative and applied art, sculptures, as for the death of the bull, it was transferred to the memory of the Russian Museum by Emperor Mikoly II.
With the specialty of Oleksandr III to get in touch with a statement about the riches of the wealthy with good health. On July 17, 1888, he suffered in a major disaster not far from the Borki station, 50 km from Kharkiv. However, the fiery life of loved ones, the emperor was close to each other, the trimmings were called dah of the carriage, as long as no help came. Yak allowance, as a result of the overworldly stress, a new feeling of progress began to grow.
1 leaf fall (20 June according to the old style) 1894 The emperor died in Livadia (Krim) as a heritage of jade. Tilo bulo was delivered to St. Petersburg and taken away in the Peter and Paul Cathedral.
Druzhinoyu Oleksandr III Bula Danish princess Luiza Sofia Frederika Dagmara (in Orthodoxy - Marya Fedorivna) (1847-1928), became friends in 1866 rotsi. The emperor of the і th squad has five five children: Mikola (year - Russian emperor Mikola II), Georgiy, Kseniya, Mikhailo and Olga.
Material of preparations based on information from a critical dzherel
III deserved a wish and a trocha spirna, but in the main a positive characterization. People assotsiyuvav yogo z good right and calling it a peacemaker. And why Oleksandr 3 was called a peacemaker, it is possible to learn from the statistics.
Convergence to the throne
I’ll look at those who Oleksandr will be deprived of another child in the family, without looking at him as a contender for the throne. Yogo was not cooked until the ruling, but deprived of the general knowledge of the basic ryvnya. The death of his brother Mikoli increased the change in history. Oleksandr had a good hour to come to the city. Vin having re-mastered practically all subjects, fixing the basics of economy and Russian language and ending with the light history and calling policy. With the idea of driving the old man in, becoming the equal emperor of a great power. Rocky rule Oleksandr 3 was trivial from 1881 to 1894. Yakim ruler vіn buv, clear far.
Chomu Oleksandr 3 was called a peacemaker
To change his position on the throne, Oleksandr has seen his father's idea of the constitution of the land. In general, I cry out for food about those for whom Oleksandr 3 was called a peacemaker. The managers of the choice of such a strategy of the rule of law have gone into the distance to pinch the bezlady. Big world for the opening of the local police. Under Oleksandr III, the power to finish strongly changed its cordon. The land has an army and reserve reserves. The staff of the whole last inflow to the land went down to the minimum. Tse allowed the viciousness of all the bloodshed to last the entire period of this ruler. One of the main reasons why Oleksandr 3 was called a peacemaker is those who often took part in the liquidation of the conflicts in their country and beyond the cordon.
pid bags
Oleksandr III was honored with the honorary title of the peacemaker behind the bags. Likewise, historians call him the Russian tsar himself. All their efforts were thrown at the zahist of the Russian people. It was by its very forces that the prestige of the country was restored in the holy arena and the authority of the Russian Orthodox Church. Oleksandr III is rich in an hour and vitrachav for the development of promislovosti Silskoy government in Russia. Win has brought goodness to the inhabitants of his land. The breeders of the Zusillians and love for their land and people, Russia asked for those who were looking for the results in the economy and politics for that period. Krym called the peacemaker, Oleksandr III should be awarded the title of reformer. On the thought of the bagatokh іstorikіv, it was himself who sank into the minds of the people the steams of communism.
10 birch (26 fierce according to the old style) 1845 rock - exactly 165 rock; The 26th fierce її ї Emperor's Visibility Sovereign Tsesarivna and Grand Duchess Marya Oleksandrivna was safely reigned from the tyagar as the Grand Duke, named Oleksandr. The residents of the capital are told about this happy story about the third year in the afternoon three hundred with one garmat building from the bastions of the Petropavlovsk fortress, and in the evening the capital of Bula is lit up"So, having entered into life, another synonym of Emperor Oleksandr II - Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich, who, by the will of the lot, was designated by the Emperor of Russia Oleksandr III.
"In all, we have only two military allies - our army and navy. All of them, at the first time, themselves will rise up against us. "
"Russia - for Russian and Russian"
Oleksandr III
God advancing grace, Oleksandr the Third, Emperor and Autocrat of All-Russia, Moscow, Kiev, Volodymyr, Novgorod, Tsar Kazan, Tsar Astrakhansky, Tsar Polish, Tsar Siberian, Tsar Sovereign of Pskov and Grand Duke of Smolensk, Lithuanian, Volinsky, Podilsky and Finland; Prince Estlyandska, Lіflyandska, Kurlyandsky and Semigalsky, Samogitsky, Bіlostotsky, Korelsky, Tversky, Yugorsky, Permsky, Vyatsky, Bulgarian and others; The Sovereign i Grand Prince of Novgorod NIZІVSKY zemlі, Chernіgіvsky, Ryazansky, Polotskіy, Rostovsky, Yaroslavsky, Beloozersk, Udorskіy, Obdorsk, Kondіyskіy, Vіtebsky, Mstislavskіy i vsієї northern Kraina Lord, i sovereigns Іverska, Kartli i kabardinskogo zemlі i vіrmensky oblastі, Cherkasy i Gorsky princes and інshih inherited Sovereign and Volodar, Sovereign of Turkestan, Spadkoemets Norvez, Duke of Schleswig-Golstinskiy, Stormarnskiy, Ditmarsenskiy and Oldenburgsky and other, other, and other
Former fellows and the site call Oleksandr III tsar the Peacemaker: tied with him, but before the hour of the tsar, Russia did not lead the same war. Ale not only is it a merit, for 13 years of his rule, he has raised a lot of growth for Russia, for the Russian people it has become very special and in respect of his truth. The thieves of Russia do not fear and hate the tsiy Russian tsar.
Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich in the family
Zaryanko S.K. Portrait of the Grand Duke Tsarevich Oleksandr Oleksandrovich
(State Russian Museum)
The family ... the family from early childhood to the end of life was the basis for the Emperor Alexander III. " I’m good, garne and honest with Me, then I’m a goiter, one of our dear, dear Mom ... Heads of Mom, all brothers and Mary, have become and have become fair Christians and have fallen in love with the Church and the Church ... "(Three leaves of the Emperor Oleksandr III of the squad of Mary Fedorivna). The Empress Maria Oleksandrivna shook Oleksandr into a very strong and decent human being with firm moral principles. But the wine of cropping and love to mystery, Russian nature, history. Oleksandr's Navchannya has gone from the eight-point age and three years ago. Obov'yazkovy transfusion of lessons like this: the Law of God, Zagalna history, Russian history, mathematics, geography, Russian language, gymnastics, fencing, moving, etc. bully teachers beautiful people Russia: history professor S. M. Solovyov, philologist - slavist professor F. I. Buslaev, the creator of the Russian classical spelling, academician J.K. Groth, general M.I. Dragomirov., Professor K.P. Pobodonostsev. We will love Oleksandr with a poet vvvazhav M.Yu. Lermontov, well knowing Nimetska, French English movi, Ale in spіlkuvannі koristuvsya tіlki rusіyskoyu moyu.
Zhartivniki ... famous Romanovska piramida
In the photo: Prince Albert of Altenburg, Grand Duke Oleksandr, his brother Volodymyr and Prince Mikola of Leuchtenberg
But all the same, the lad was mostly prepared until the vіyskovo kar'єri and did not transfer, as soon as he ruled the state. On the day of his people, Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich Nayvishny mandate of the building of insurance to the warehouse of the Leib - Guards Gusarsky, Preobrazhensky and Pavlovsky regiments and designations by the chief of the Astrakhan Karabinersky Yogo Oleksandr Oleksandr Oleksandr. Ale ... in April 1865, in Nice, from the important ailments, the decaying prince of the throne, Prince Mykola Oleksandrovich The first century prince Oleksandr Oleksandrovich, by the will of the Emperor Oleksandr II, became the decayed prince.
Grand Duchess Marya Fedorivna and Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich
Velikiky Prince Oleksandr Oleksandrovich Photo 1873
V. P. KHUDOYAR Portrait of Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich
Nevidomy artist Portrait of the Grand Duchess Mary Fedorivny 1880
Mykhay Zichi Vesillya of the Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich and Mary Fedorivnya
On 28 October 1865 Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich became friends with the name of his elder brother Mikoli Oleksandrovich, the daughter of the Danish king Kristian IX, Dagmar, who accepted the name of Mary Fedorivnya in Orthodoxy. Tsey shlyub will be happy, six children were born in love, I want the share of the children to be even more tragic.
Tsvirkuniv N. Oleksandr III thousand heights weighing one
(State Palace Museum Tsarske Selo)
Communion of the Holy Secrets by Sovereign Emperor Oleksandr III before the hour of coronation 1883
Oleksandr Oleksandrovich ascended the throne 14 birch (1 birch in the old style) in 1881, 36 rocky in the family, due to the Zlochinnitsa drive of Oleksandr II by the People's Will. Coronation vidbulasya 28 May (15 May according to the old style) 1883 rock song ending mourning for Father. First and foremost, the need for bulo virishuvati is important to the powers that be, and one of them is those who did not meet the viconatiy of his father. The Dane Beshorn, author of the book "Allexandre III et Nicolas II" says: "... The monarch Joden did not ascend the throne under such circumstances, like the Emperor Oleksandr III. I didn’t have to come to myself from the first zhahu, since it was innocently brought to the attention of those who were right, it was not very simple on the right - representations by Count Loris-Melikova, the draft constitution praises still nibito in principle by the Emperor Oleksandr II. According to the first enemy, the Emperor Oleksandr III, although the viconati will remain the will of his dad".
Kramskoy I. N. Portrait of Oleksandr III 1886
The rule of Oleksandr III was harsh, a little harsh to quiet, as he wanted to wipe Russia. On the very cob of Emperor Oleksandr III, tsar was announced: " The voice of God to command us to become a badoro for the right of the rule in the support of the Divine Pomisel, because of the power and the true autocratic power, as for the good of the people, to protect all of us for the good of the people.". Until the mid-1880s, in a row of repressions, the revolutionary collapse was strangled into the distance, the first for all" People's Will. " linguistic waiver and lower wage payments, the establishment of the Selyansky land bank, the introduction of the factory inspectorate, the introduction of the poll tax і іn.). III Russia denied the right to trimati the fleet on the Black Sea, but the fleet did not disappear, appearing there deprived of the death of Emperor Oleksandr III.
Dmitriyev-Orenburzky N. Portrait of Emperor Oleksandr III 1896
The Emperor Oleksandr III
Oleksandr III is a master of the art, having done a good job in painting and I’m a good collection of works of Russian and foreign art. The Russian Museum was opened in St. Petersburg. Officially, it was called "Russian Museum of Emperor Oleksandr III". The sovereign transferred his collection, as well as the collection of Russian paintings to the Imperial Hermitage, to the new museum. In honor of the Emperor Oleksandr III, the museum is also called the Museum of Creative Mysteries (Nini State Museum of Creative Mistresses named Pushkin in Moscow). Oleksandr III loving music, engraving on French horns, becoming the patron of P.I. Tchaikovsky, he himself took part in home concerts. At a new university, the first university was opened in Siberia - in Tomsk, a project for the establishment of the Russian Archaeological Institute in Constantinople, the history of the Museum in Moscow, was prepared.
Sєrov V.A. Emperor Oleksandr III in the form of the Danish Royal Life Guards Regiment on the front of the Fredensborg Castle 1899
(Zbori of the officer corps of the Royal Danish Life Guards)
Yak Lyudin Oleksandr III is simple, modest and not vibrant in beauties, not in love with light roses and accents. With mercy. The sovereign is guided by a majestic physical strength. Grand Duchess Olga Oleksandrivna, daughter of the Emperor, zgaduvala: " Father, having given the strength of Hercules, did not show me the strength of Hercules in the presence of strangers. Winning saying that we can knock the pidkov and knock a spoon into the university, or don’t smite the robbery, and don’t hate mom. Once in my office, I zignuv, and then I woke up a poker. I remember, when I look at the doors, fight, because I don’t get away. ".
Makarov I.K. Sermon on the Mount 1889
(The painting depicts the homeland of Oleksandr III and was written for the tragedy in Birky)
An hour of tragic events at the Borka station of the Zmiyivsky district of Kharkiv province 30 (17 in the old style) Zhovtnya 1888 The Emperor trimmed on the shoulders of the wagon, as the whole family and those who suffered were vibrated.
The family of the Emperor Oleksandr III and the court retinue for the love of one thousand weight
Oleksandr III with his homeland on polyvannі
Oleksandr III at the Polyvanni
Ale the ailment did not spare the yogo. Emperor Oleksandr III did not like nі lіkuvatisya, nor talk about their illness. In 1894, the fall in love in Sleep, in the middle of 1894, weakened the Emperor more and more. For the joy of the people, it was innocuous to go to the country and here it became a quick discharge, the turbocharging of the smallest Russian overseas licenses and the closest relatives. Emperor Oleksandr III died on 20 October 1894, at 50 years of life, reigning 13 years 7 months and 19 days ... lost in memory of the king of Russia.
Mykhay Zichi Panahida according to Oleksandr III in the first bedroom in the Small Palace in Livadia 1895
(State Hermitage, Saint Petersburg)
Emperor Oleksandr III on his deathbed Photo +1894
Blukay K.O. The funeral of Oleksandr III in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg 1 894
(State Hermitage, Saint Petersburg)
On the grave of Emperor Oleksandr III
Soul I will slip through love for the humble,
With the seal of kindness and light on the choli,
We will send you from God
Greatness, goodness and truth on earth.
In the days of troubles, in the dark, desolate hour
Rebellious ideas, angry and threats
Having come to the ramen of the Tsarskoi vlady tyagar
I from vіroyu to kіntsya tyagar God nіs.
I am not proud of the power of the grave power,
Chi not a blisky suєtnim, not a blood and a sword -
Wine nonsense, і dislike, і flattering, і evil addictions
Having conquered and changed the deprivation of truth and good.
Win magnifying Russia, the feat of the zhodnoi
Chi didn’t overpower it, didn’t vimagayuchi praise;
I - a quiet righteous man - before a righteous death,
Yak a sun in the sky, hanging over the light!
Human glory - dim, і life on earth - tlіnnі.
Great, noise і blisk - everything is open, you will go through everything!
But the glory of God is immortal and immortal:
The righteous Tsar will not die in the past.
Wine is alive - and there will be life! I to the mountain abode
On the throne of allegations, before the Tsar of kings
Win to pray - our Tsar, our patron saint -
For Sina, for the Motherland, for Russia ... for all people.
A. L. Golenishchev-Kutuzov
P.S. There is a great part of paintings and photographs that are classy and grow to a great size.
Vikoristano facts from articles
"In everything, hopefully, skr_z, Vin is a Christian ..." A. Rozhintsev
"Emperor Oleksandr III. Tsar-Peacemaker" V.A. Teplov
Emperor Oleksandr III, one of the greatest statesmen Russia, dovgy rocky bulo viddane naruzi and zabuttyu. And only in the last ten years, if there was a possibility of unprecedented and clear talk about the past, assess the current day and think about the maybut, the state service of the Emperor Oleksandr III victorious great interest in all
Emperor Oleksandr III didn’t have any tsaruvati signings from the people. Being another blue of Oleksandr II, he became the decaying member of the Russian throne only after the death of his older brother, Tsarevich Mykoly Oleksandrovich in 1865. Todi f, 12 April 1865 r Nayvishchy Manifest voiced to Russia about the loudmouthing of Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich by a spadko-Tsesarevich, and through the Rik Tsesarevich he became friends with the Danish princess Dagmar, named in the deputy of Fyedzhi Mary
At the death of my brother on April 12, 1866, I wrote down to my friend: “I will not forget the whole day ... with one Duma, it’s not much more for me than a brother and a friend. Ale God gave me less and gave strength to take on my new designation. Perhaps, I have often forgotten my sign in the eyes of those who are, but in my soul I will feel that I am not guilty of life for myself, but for them; important and important communication. ale: "Let it be Thy will, O God"... I seem to say the words permanently, and the stench is less likely to come, and I am suspicious, that everything that we do not eat with us, everything is the will of God, and that I am calm and trust in the Lord! ". Aware of the severity of the crop and the prominence of the mighty power, in spite of that, the new emperor did not leave the new emperor with the effort of his unrepentant life.
The general-ad'utant, Count V.A. Perovskiy, a lyudin of strict moral rules, signs of the other father of the Emperor Mykola I. Osvita of the Maybut Emperor was appointed to the office of the Economist, Professor of the Moscow University A.I. Chivilev. Academician Y.K. The grotto of the Viklad in Oleksandr history, geography, Russian and nimetsku movi; Vidatny Vіyskovy theorist M.І. Dragomirov - tactics i to the history, CM. Solovyov - Russian history. Political and legal sciences, as well as Russian legislation, maybutny imperator vivchav at K.P. Pobedonostseva, as if pushing on Oleksandr a particularly great inflow. After the end of the day, the Grand Duke Oleksandr Oleksandrovich had risen in price several times in Russia. The trip itself was not only laid in love, but the basis of great interest to the share of Batkivshchyna, and they formulated the reason for the problems to stand in front of Russia.
Being a decaying member of the throne, the Tsarevich took part in the ambitions of the State for the sake of the Committee of Ministries, becoming the Chancellor of the Helsingfors University, the Otaman of the Cossacks, commanding guards units at Petersburg. In 1868, if Russia had overcome a strong hunger, he got up on the choli comic, approved for giving additional help to the suffering. Pid hour Russian-Turkish war 1877-1878 rr. in command of Ruschuksky corral, grave in a tactful, important and important role: having streamed the Turks out of the way, the Russian army fell asleep, like a trimal in the Plevnu forest. Reasonable need for improvement Russian fleet, The Tsarevich beamed with a hot cry to the people about donating to the Russian fleet. At the clutch of the term, the pennies will be taken. They were prompted to court the Volunteer Fleet. The same time, at the decline of the throne, there was a change in the fact that Russia has only two friends: the Army and the Navy.
Winning music, imaginative mystery and in history, having become one of the initiators of the foundation of the Russian Historical Partnership and with his head, taking care of collecting collections of objects from the old days and restoring historical memorials.
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Order, for the fate of the Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod K.P. Pobedonostseva, concentrated her respect on the improvement of "traditional" soils in politics, economics and culture Russian Empire... In the 80s - mid 90s, pp. A series of legislative acts appeared, which intertwined the character and the stage of reforms of the 60-70s, as, for the emperor's submissions, they did not see the historical significance of Russia. In order not to admit the ruinous force of the opposing ruin, the emperor of the intercourse in the Zemsky and Myskiy samovryaduvanny. Viborny ear was changed in the court of law, in the provinces the vikonannya of the ship's duties was handed over to the new zemstvo chiefs.
Suddenly, there were shattered crocs, they were directed to the development of the economy of the state, the improvement of finances and the implementation of the revival, the development of agrarian-rural and national-religious food. The young emperor wins respect for the development of the material goodness of his children: he fell asleep the Ministry of Agriculture for the polishing of the Silskoy government, falling asleep the noble and rural land banks, for the purchase of the farmers land power, Proteguuvav in vіtchiznyany industry (for the additional advancement of meetings on foreign comrades), and to conduct new channels and outlets, including through Bylorusia, taking the evolving economy and trading.
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State policy in Bilorusia, they dictated, persh for everything, to the non-desires of the "rapist breakdown of the historically molded harmony of life" of the populace, the "violent vicious movs" and to the pragmatists before that the beauties of the "aliens became so unlucky for nothing." At the very moment, the imperial legislation, the administrative-political legal framework and the system of education have remained firmly established in the Bilorussian lands. Instantly the authority of the Orthodox Church has grown.
Oleksandr III on the right of the Zovnishnopoliticals had a unique kind of vіyskovyh conflicts, and in the history of the past there was yak "Tsar-Peacemaker". The main point of the new political course was the safety Russian interests for a rakhunok joke, lean on "yourself". Having approached France, since Russia did not have any spirited interests, it was a peace treaty with her, having established a cim more important than a rivnovaga mіzh European powers... For those who are extremely important for Russia, they are directly concerned with maintaining stability in Central Asia, which, shortly before the reign of Oleksandr III, went to the warehouse of the Russian Empire. The inter Russian empire pushed its way to Afghanistan. On the whole majestic expanse, a bulwark is laid Zalizna road, scho z'єdnuє Shidne uzberezhzhya Of the Caspian Sea with the center of the Russian Central Asian Volodin - Samarkand and r. Amudar'ї. Vzagal Oleksandr III prudently prygnuv to the point of re-uniting all the outskirts of Russia. With a great deal of wine I skasuv in the Caucasian region, we know, in favor of the privileges of the Baltic nationalities and the fences of the earthly people, including the Poles, who buy land in Western Russia, Including Bilorusia.
After a lot of work the Emperor and for the polishing of the vіyskovo right: the Russian army was signi fi cantly revived and revived by a new zabroyu; a fortress was prompted on the western cordon of the Bulo. The new fleet has become one of the strongest in Europe.
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With a superbly important right of the era of Oleksandr III, the church-parafialny schools were built. The Emperor bachiv at the paraphysical school one of the forms of the state and the Church. The Church is Orthodox, for the first time, since then it has been a vigilant and teacher of the people. Stolitty schools at churches were the first and only one schools in Russia, including the Biloi. Up to half of the 60s, pp. XIX century mayzhe vicariously priests and members of the clergy bully tutors in the Silski schools. On the 13th of 1884, the Emperor bulo hardened the "Rules for Church Paraphysical Schools". Stverdzhuyuchi їkh, the emperor wrote on additional information about them: "I am encouraged, that the paraphysical clergy appear to be the guides of their highest praise in the most important right." Church paraphysical schools began to emerge in the most important places in Russia, often in the most remote and remote villages. Most often, the stench of the boule is a single dzherel to illuminate for the people. When Emperor Oleksandr III ascended the throne in the Russian Empire, there were 4,000 church-parafial schools. At the risk of his death, there were 31,000 of them, and there were a lot of young boys and girls in them.
At the same time, the number of schools was changing and becoming camp. A small group of schools were grounded on the church stands, on the church brotherhoods and trusteeships and okremikh blagodiniks. Piznishe came to them for help, the sovereign belongings. For the establishment of the church-parafial schools of the schools of affirmations at the Holy Synod of special schools, the school is glad to see that it is necessary to cover the literature. Opikuchi church-parish school, the emperor grasped the importance of education in the folk school of the basics of education and vikhovannya. Tse vikhovannya, scho oberigє the people from the teeth injected into the Sunset, the emperor bachiv from Orthodoxy. Oleksandr III was placed especially respectfully for this and the parafial clergy. Until now, the paraphysical clergy deprived of the nebagatokh parchіy rejected the zmіst from the skarbnitsa. Under Oleksandr III there was a lot of money for the execution of sums for the protection of the clergy. In the course of the ordering, an ear of corn was laid on top of the Russian parafial priest. If the clergy brought something good for the price of undertakings, he said: "I will be a whole lot of radium, if I give myself up to take care of all the clergy of Silska."
This is how the Emperor Oleksandr III was put in place before the development of a medium and high level of education in Russia. For the first time ever, there is no triviality for the tsar of the Buli to see the Tomsk University and a number of industrial schools.
The lifelessness of the tsar was borne out of being haunted. For the yogh boy, who’s awake every day before the hour of being overwhelmed by his downtrodden, it’s possible to vivchay the beggar of an Orthodox people who are not better, not according to Ivan Shmelov’s book "The Lord's Literature". Oleksandr III was delivered to Oleksandr III church songs and spiritual music, as a result of which they put a lot of svitskoi.
Emperor Oleksandr reigned in thirteen years and seven months. The persistent turbo and the strength of the busyness broke his heart early: he became more and more ailments. Before the death of Oleksandr III, he had spoken and received Holy Communion. Ioann Kronstadtsky. The tsar never left the tsar with the slightest bit of evidence; Saying goodbye to the family, Vin said to the squad: “I see a child. Be calm. I am absolutely calm. " O. Ioann stood for more than an hour with an uzgoliv and trimmed his head. Tse Bula is the death of a saint! "Oleksandr III died in his own Livadi palace (in Crimea), before reaching fifty years.
The specialty of the emperor and its significance for the history of Russia is rightly turning in the offensive turns:
About the first year of troubles and struggles, for the cover of the throne,
I will stretch my hand on the stitch.
I died near the noisy sedition.
Yak extinguishing bagatta.
Vіn zrozumіv rusі spirit and vіvіv power in її,
Loving space and breadth,
Win is alive, yak Russian Tsar, and Win is in the grave,
Yak spravzhny Russian rich.
Revision of the book by Dmitry Mikolayovich Loman “Tsar-peacemaker. Oleksandr III. The Emperor of All-Russia "is dedicated to the memory of the Emperor Oleksandr Oleksandrovich, the father of the Imperial Orthodox Palestinian Society, as well as the cleanliness of 130-richa from the day of falling asleep, ІPPO (1882).
At the bottom of the page, talk about the Emperor Oleksandr III. His significance in the history of Russia is assessed by the views of Dmitro Ivanovich Mendelev: “Peacemaker Oleksandr III has conveyed the essence of the Russian and the light of the greater and greater distance of his fellows. The people who lived through this king, clearly understood that it was at home in the steps of streaming health and the gathering of forces that were straightened out from the glorious ones, to bring a new re-creation and innovation of the glorious internal day-to-day. Peace is in all the world, the creations of the deceased emperor, as the world is good, and it is strengthened by good will in the middle of the people, so that they can take part in progress. The headquarters of the knowledge of the whole lay with a wrinkle on his grave and, seemingly think, give good fruit everywhere. "
For the rule of Oleksandr III, the prestige of Russia in the world has risen to an incomparable earlier height, and in the country itself, calm and order have been abandoned. Thanks to the merit of Oleksandr III to Vichizna, those who did not fight for all the fate of the king. Historian V. O. Klyuchevskiy wrote: “Science in the history of Russia and all of Europe is not just in the history of Russia and all of Europe, but in the Russian history, in fact, it’s good for the world, for the people in the world approaching, giving rise to the enormous conscience of endearing to the world and of truth, increasing a little bit of goodness in the moral turn of the people, enlightening and giving rise to the Russian historical thought, the Russian nationality ...
ЗМІСТ
1. Intro. Dmitro Mikolayovich Loman.
2. Tsar-peacemaker Oleksandr III. Emperor All-Russian.
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VINCHANNYA FOR THE KINGDOM. YAK TSE BULO
Display of one exhibit "Coronation Album of Emperor Oleksandr III"
On the display of one exhibit in the Gatchina Palace of Performances, the ceremonial album “Description of the Sacred Coronation Imperatorskikh Personalities Sovereign Emperor Oleksandr the Third and Sovereign Emperor Mary Fedorivny of All Russia. 1883 ".
Rik the album is seen - a thousand heights of fifty five, it is permanently won to be included in the collection of the rare book to the museum-reserve "Gatchina".
The history of the coronation albums in Russia has been going on for more than a dozen centuries.
The first of them to be assigned to the enthroned Empress Annie Ioanivny. And we will continue to describe the coronation of the Russian tsars who came to power in 1899. At the "Coronation Zbirnik" he spoke about the ceremony of wedding to the kingdom of Mikoli II and Oleksandri Fedorivnya, about the history and tradition of the Russian coronation of vzagal.
Ceremonial albums were opened at the discretion of the monarch, Malia has a special status and poklikanі to serve the high merit of glorification of the imperial power. stink sovereign institutions in the great format, they were given the description of urochistic ceremonies, as well as design illustrations, vicinities by beautiful artists and engravers at their own time. Books were circulated in small editions in expensive palіturki i didn’t fit into sales, they were lost in memorial gifts for members tsar's motherland and high-ranked ones.
"Description of the Sacred Coronation ..." - a whole book of a kind of crimson shkіryanіy palіturtsі with rich gold embossing on kryshkas, odd gilded patterns, endpapers with white moiré. In the album, which consists of eight parts, a retreat is pointed out, and a description of the enthronement of the new monarch is indicated. 26 chromolithographs on the edges of arkushes and little ones in the text;
By robots from the beginning of the album Keruvav writer Dmitro Grigorovich. Moscow has asked for more painters in their hour: Oleksandr Sokolov, Vasil Polunov, Ivan Kramskoy, Vasil Vereshchagin, Mikola Karamzin, Evgen Makarov, Vasil Surikov, Kostyantin Savitskiy, brother Mikola and Kostyantin Makovski.
Artists vikonuvali zamalivki from nature all types of coronation podіy, and the stems of them watercolors became the basis of the book. Fragments of the decorated menu for ceremonial events or evenings, victorious for the little ones of Viktor Vasnetsov and Vasil Polunov, were also victorious to embellish the sides.
An album of performances in the central window, and an update on the exhibition of the stand with information about the history of the rite of passage to the kingdom, about the tradition of seeing the coronation albums, about those that took place during the ceremony of the ceremony of Oleksandr III: assignments. Here you can also add copies of the menu, programs of concerts, playbills, images of views of Moscow in the days of coronation, etc.
Wistavka pratsyuє until 5 worm 2016 rock.
And on the third verse of the Central building, the exhibition “In the loving royal residences. Gatchina, Tsarske Selo, Peterhof ". This show was organized by the museum-reserve in the spy of the Tsarske Selo State Museum-Reserve and the Peterhof State Museum-Reserve. In 13 halls there are objects from the collections of the Oleksandrivsky, Great Peterhof and Gatchinsky palaces: paintings, furniture, porcelain, clothing items, arts and crafts art.
Z mid-XVIII the capital of the emperor's homeland they volunteered to spend part of an hour far across the essence of the capital city of St. Petersburg. Lovely residences for a spoky hour of Buli Gatchina, Tsarske Selo and Peterhof. At the great palaces, built by famous architects and decorated with quiet parks, emperors and members of these families saw themselves in a great and unimpressive way.
The show to know people in the setting, in which the private life of the emperor's motherland passed through the hour in the palaces of Zamysk. In the halls, the main types of interiors (virtual, office, reception, billiard, child, adolescent) were created;
At the entrance hall there are paintings with views of the Gatchina Park Penzlya by the artist S.F. Generous, as well as portraits of Paul I, Katerina II, Grand Duchess Maria Fedorivnya, Grand Duke Kostyantin Pavlovich and other members of the Imperial Prince, quietly, he is alive or often seen in the deputy residence.
The main part of the exhibition is made up of two blocks. The first one is the central part of the situation. Suddenly they left the ceremonial reception room, in which the emperor received the deputies from the nobility, from the earthly ministers, ministers, dignitaries. For drivers of a large stake, the Bula has its own advantage. The mice of the robot's emperor is a cabinet, and billiard, in which it is possible to read from the powers of the government and to be respected.
Another part of the show is the "zhinocha" half. The main idea of the cich inter'ariv is reminiscent of the speeches so typical for the end of the nineteenth century, but it creates an atmosphere of particular isolation and calmness. The price of the European painting, porcelain, and the widespread variety of European masterworks and the numerous inexpensive memorials of the suveniri, the Porcelain cabinet and the service, the musical virtual, the modern modern style, in the interior of the modern furniture
Also in the exhibition - a child of a room with igrami, illumination and whip subjects... The remaining hall, adorned with canvases by European artists from the selection of the State Museum of Fine Arts “Gatchina”, is a parade hall, in which tracts of priyomy could be held. Serving style here is the famous Mislivsky service, one of the masterpieces of the collection of the Gatchina palace.
Aunt Mironova