Tsarskiy poizd of Nikolay 2. Pulling їх іх іх emperatorskoї grandeur. Zrechennya on wheels

Carriage No. 1 Russian Empire- this is the name of the trip, in the name of tsar Mikola. Warehouse of the buv spravzhny palace on zaliznichny wheels, in the middle of which Mykola Oleksandrovich mav the power of life and pratsyuvati in the minds of the monarch. If Persha svitova vіyna resigned, the imperial cortege was transformed into the permanent residence of Mikoli II. Here, too, the 2nd birch of 1917 signed the meeting from the throne.

Characteristics of the Tsar's visit

The sporuda of the head locomotive of a great power was honored to the special orders of Tsar Oleksandr the Third, as the virgin, but the Russian monarch is responsible to the mother in his own order, due to the oversupply of tsar greenery povіdomlennya. Already after the death of Oleksandr Oleksandrovich for the second decline in the main roads of the Mykolaiv railway, the Imperial Train (1896), which in the course of an hour changed the warehouse and a number of carriages of the same number of young adults.

For example, in 1902 the special railway tsar's train was formed from ten cars: the bedroom of the Emperor and the Empress, a salon for receptions, a work cabinet, a kitchen, a small room, a child, a visit for servants, members of the family, witnesses , as well as a special prayer prayer service. All obrobka s shorter materials and according to the remaining artistic mods - wood, French bimetal, silver, wood, and other materials were polished, and the decorators were allowed to re-create the royal cortege on rails into an ideal combination of functions of comfortable oversupply and work.

Photos of the Imperatorsky Train

Tsikavi statti

As a result of the emperor's war, a small railway cortege lost itself without a ruler, for whom there was a low transition from hand to hand. From the tsar to the Timchasov ryad, from Kerensky to Trotsky, from which the echelon had become a victim of the huge war. The remaining remains of the tsar's railway rozkoshi were scoured in 1941 and until now they have been deprived of the photograph of the imperial trip and the decorative setting.

Walls and furniture boules are upholstered in English style with linen ornaments.

View of the courtyard

Zh_noche compartment.

Zh_noche compartment.

Internal view of one of the carriages.

Zh_noche compartment, mozhlivo, for princesses.

Walls, steles and furniture of polished oak, hairy mountains, white and gray beech, maple and Karelian birch boules covered with linoleum and kilims.

Inter'Ur of one carriage.

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At the salon there is a lot of furniture made of red wood. Walls, sofas, crystals and styles of boules in swarthy fistashok fries; plush kilim on a pidlozi mav redesign.

Ob_dnya wagon.

Inter'Ur of one carriage.

A compartment for a lady-in-waiting (young courtier).

Bath room.

Їfar.

A carriage for receiving guests.

Coupe Mikoli II.

Inter'Ur of one carriage.

Toilet.

Inter'Ur of one carriage.

The walls, made up in blue colors and embellished with gilding, looked beautifully.

Inter'Ur of one carriage.

Dalnya in the restaurant.

Dalnya in the restaurant.

Grand Duchess Anastasia in the Imperial trip in 1916 rotsi.

Empress Oleksandra, Tsar Mikola II and Tsarevich Oleksiy.

Tsar Mikola II at the visit.

Tsar with generals before evening.

A trip to the Mykolaivskyi Zaliznichnoy Company for the reasons of 1894-96 rocky.

One wagons.

The concept of the museum "The carriage of the colossal king's train" in Peterhof became a characteristic incorporation of the principles of museum work in the early Radiansky period. Until the end of the 1920s, the formation of the Peterhof museum complex was basically completed. In the morning, in the seaside landscape park of Oleksandriya, there were exhibitions in the cottage, the Farmer's Palace, the Gothic Chapel. In 1927, an extensive thematic exposition flared up in the Lower Palace of Mikoli the Other. All the stench was firing at the crisis of autocracy in Russia with the position of the new revolutionary ideology.

Historical memorials of Peterhof XVIII - the ear of the XX century was allowed to talk about the freedom of historical times and ways of living tsar's family from the first changes in Pivnichny vіynі right up to the date of the throne of the rest of the Russian Emperor. Peterhof transformed into a grand handler of the history of the Russian Empire. However, to find the architectural monument, the Lower Palace of Mikoli the Other, to the Oleksandriya Park, which was not an unprecedented sign of the "collapse of autocracy". Aje tsarska sіm'ya left Peterhof 3 serpnya 1914 rock. The history of tsarism in the Peterhof interpretation was incomplete.

Peterhof. Oleksandriya. The carriages of the tsar's train. 1920-1930-tі rock. Photos from the archive of the Peterhof State Museum-Reserve

To that, the scholars of the museum A.V. Shemansky and S.S.Geychenko took the original solution. The final section of the museum exposition, which raises the question of the catastrophe of autocracy in Russia in the fate of the First World War, was displaced in two cars of a colysh imperial train, specially for the whole relocation to Oleksandr. Surely, because of the idea of ​​the authors, here, in the informational interview, a report about the political situation of 1914-1917 rockets and circumstances, during the 2nd birch of 1917, the fate of Mikoli's opinion

The interest in the visitors was not only the new museum exhibition, but the design of that particular view of the cars, the history of which was assigned to the part of the tour - however, it is insignificant. The building of the seven-car warehouse of the Tsar's train was built in 1894 at the Oleksandrivskiy mechanical plant Mykolaivskiy zaliznytsi and ended before the fierce 1896 rock. During the first trips, it was not enough for seven carriages: two additional boules were prompted already in the main lines of St. Petersburg-Warsaw, the third additional car was updated after the catastrophe of the royal trip in Birki 1888. In 1902, the royal train went from ten carriages - from new to new, two more. The train depot consisted of an electric station car, a luggage car, carriages for the royal entourage and servants, a grand carriage. Eight and nine carriages of the train, which represented a sleeping car and a saloon car with the king's working office, were called emperor. Ten booves, it seems my good luck, Restaurant car, divided into three links: іmperatorsku їdalnyu, snack bar and buffet.

Wagons of the Imperatorsky Train (from top to bottom): Boudoir of the Empress. Salon. Їfar. Cabinet of the Emperor. Photos 1900-1910 years from the archives of the State Museum-Reserve "Peterhof"

For the svidchennyam of fellows, the imperator trip will be similar "quicker to a quiet day, not to transport time". The buli carriages are finished in blue color, sewn embellished with gilding. Panels, steles and furniture boules of polished oak, mountain, white and gray beech, maple and Karelian birch. The stele of the tsar's carriage was upholstered with satin, the walls were upholstered with stonewashed raspberry-colored damask. Tsei same material is used for fitting furniture. On the tables were bronze year-olds, family photographs, inter'er adorned vases of the Sevres porcelain and bronze candelabra. Pidlogi boules are covered with linoleum and kilims.

There are three carriages for the first time in the warehouse of the bully train: the royal carriage, there was a bedroom and a cabinet, a small carriage with eight views and a carriage. Ostann_y vikoristovuvsya before the hour for the staff narads for the fate of the emperor, in the new Mykola The other was written down. The whole carriage, as well as the carriage with the working room of the Emperor, were removed from the warehouse to the Wagoni Museum in Peterhof.

Transferring two carriages of the Tsar's train to the Oleksandriya park, 1929 rik

Secretary of the Peterhof Miscreation Kozlovsky with a group of sailors of the Baltic Fleet near the cars of Mikoli Drugoy, linden 1931

Peterhof. The carriage of Mikoli the Other in Oleksandriya, 1950s (?)

The carriages of Mikoli the Other in Oleksandriya. Russia, Leningrad. 1950s (?)

In 1917, the fate of the trip has been made with sealings and transfers to Moscow, having transferred to a spare number. In 1929, two bully cars were handed over by the People's Commissariat of the Nobles as a result of the directorate of the Peterhof Palace Museums. A collection of carriages was moved to the station of Novy Peterhof station. The stars were transported through Alexandrinsky, at that time being Proletarsky, the park was put on rails and placed near the entrance to Oleksandriya, more precisely - at the fork of the avenue close to the Gothic arches.

For a major renovation and maintenance of a special peron in 1930, the Museum "Wagon Mikoli the Other" received the first examples. The handrail with the wagons has been expanded into a pavilion with an additional opening exhibition "Imperialistic Vіyna and Fall of Autocracy". The interior furnishings, the furnishings and the exposition of the museum are rich in chomu, and in the bagatokh of the hundred rice they repeat the exposition of the Lower Palace. Two museums, dedicated to the rule of Mikoli the Other, began to look like a thematically-oriented exposition, and it was recommended for people to take a comprehensive view within the framework of one view. Zakrittya museum in the Lower Palace in 1936 called for a methodically thought-out excursion route to the Oleksandriya park, which went into the meaning of the world, bypassing the logic.

Boudoir of the Empress in the carriage of the Tsar's train. 1900-1910 rock. Photos from the archive of the Peterhof State Museum-Reserve

Peterhof. Oleksandriya. Museum "Wagon of Kolishny Tsarskoy Poizd". Platform і zovnіshnіy viglyad wagons, 1932 rіk. Photographer Yu. F. Nikolsky. Photos from the archive of the Peterhof State Museum-Reserve

Exposure to the museum "The carriage of the king's great train", which was left an hour later in the pre-pre-Peterhof, with a short sign - it was about ten rockets. In the course of the Great Vіtchiznyanoї vіyni the vistavkovy complex, the seaming in the carriages, and the actual cost: the platform is rounded up, the carcasses themselves are overshadowed. In the first ten years of the end of the Great Victory Day, food about the possibility of upgrading cars has become visible. Protest, the revival of the museum turned out to be unrealistic: on February 18, 1954, the special committee of Zhovtnevoi zaliznitsa decided that, through the end of the day, established in the rock, the carriages entered the camp of the most technically unacceptable and not accepted. In 1954, according to the order of the Department of Culture of the Vikonkiy Leningrad City Council, the carriages of the bully rozibrani. Until the 1960s, the rockies about the historic and memorial complex "Ostanna Romanovs in Peterhof", established by the Museum of Science in the 1930s, were deprived of the ruins of the Lower Dacha at the Oleksandr National Park. More than a thousand items and memorial speeches, such as to become the interior of the carriages, in the funds of the museum-reserve "Peterhof" saved 55 items, including letters attached, furniture, furnishings.

À PROPOS

Maria Andriyivna Kattsova is a fahivets in the museum documents of the State Museum-Reserve "Peterhof".

literature:

1. A. Shemansky, S. Geychenko. Stay Romanov in Peterhof. A guide to the Lower dachas and carriages. L., 1932.

2. Shemansky A. The wagon of the king's trip to Oleksandriya: a traveler. Peterhof: Vidannya Peterhof Museum, 1935.

3. Mikola II. Zrechennya: [materials of the show / auth. Art.: S. V. Mironenko, V. M. Tenikhina]. St. Petersburg: Abris, 1998 ..

4. Schenk F.B. A trip to success. Mobility and social space of Russia in the capital of Russia. M .: New literary review, 2016.

document:

Archiv State Museum-Reserve "Peterhof". PDMP 7357-ar. Description of the museum lane in carriages b. tsar's trip.

Archiv State Museum-Reserve "Peterhof". PDMP 6193-ar. Description of the museum lane in carriages b. tsar's trip.

Archiv State Museum-Reserve "Peterhof". PDMP 7358-ar. Description of pre-order exhibition in wagons b. tsar's trip.

At the Imperial Court, after oversubstantiation, I got respect, so the stench itself traditionally occupied an important place in haunted life yard. Oskilks of the Russian tsars traveled in capitals, in carriages and sleighs, then for their servants at the courtyard of the courtyard of the courtyard there is a stationary office.

It is necessary to admit that the Russian monarchs will finish the mobile. V Russian history The famous trip of Empress Katerina II to Crimu was over. The Empress was supervised by the magnificent staff of servants and courtiers. In addition, in the "action" and the diplomatic corps, he is rocky spoky in St. Petersburg. Crazy, such a large-scale trip grieved the majestic Zusils of the Old Court. It took an hour to get to Crimu in 1787, the motorcade of Empress Catherine II was stored in 14 carriages and 124 sledges, and 560 horses were checked at the leather station for driving. The carriage of Katerini II, according to the testimonies of eyewitnesses, was a whole carriage, was stored in decalcities (the cabin, in the middle of the room, the grating hall, the small library) In rukh tsya peresuvna "sadiba" was induced by the forces of thirty horses and volodila with an enviable smooth move. Until the end of the 18th century. In some cases, representatives of all verses of the privileged suspension were creeped out, and, according to the thought of Katerina II herself, "the overworld in the past has overturned the boundaries of the world." To that in 1779 a special decree is seen, suvoro regulating the form of of different classes population.

Coupé carriage of Katerini II. 1793-1795 pp.

There were even more drops when the palaces of the vikorists were taken for the sake of the life of the members of the Imperial Family. So on the 14th of 1825, the fate of the first attack of the Kinnoy Guards on the square of rioters, when they were vying on the Senate Square, Mikola I revoked his special friend, Colonel V.F. Adlerberg to equestrian V.V. Dolgoruky with the words “prepare some kind of emblems for the mother and the squad”, and “in the extreme, the security of the cavalry guards in Tsarske Selo” 296.

Applying the "transport" mobility of the Russian monarchs without any problems. So, Mykola I, who became suspiciously vivid, showing trivial rides on horses. From Krasnoselskiye taborіv vіn the top of the trip to Oleksandriya to visit for 12 miles and then turn back to the tabori. Yogo offenders also saw a high mobility.

For servicing the requirements of the monarchs and their numerical ration by means of oversupply in the other quarter of the XVIII century. boola approved by the Court of the Stanna office 297, until the ear of the XX century. it was called "Courtyard Stanna Chastin".

The administration of the Court old part included the purchase of horses, yak in Russia, and beyond the cordon, the purchase of horses in the Kazenny Kinsky hospital; inquire about horses, given to the emperor by noble people of the earth; inquire about the fallen horses and the setting of memorials over them; baking horses with fodder; sales of various types of ekipazhiv, carriages, strollers, phaetons, landau, spillage, chaise and іn.; preparation of harnesses for eksipazhiv; purchase in Russia and beyond the cordon of ekipazhiv and harness; management of state-owned kinnyi factories; supervised by the Konyushenny hospital; Kinsky infirmary and Stables church. In other words, until end of XIX v. In the Ministry of the Imperial Yard the structure is tight, the cores of which were sitting at their mice and even jealously put to the possibility of appearing at the Imperial Court of "alternative" types of transport.

Kozhen from the Russian emperors mav "svogo" life-coachman, and Mikoli II had a "sviy" chauffeur. All the stench lived at the imperial residence, and some of the servants were practically consumed by the monarchs.

Vyavilsya and nuances, tied with the special features of the Russian autocrats. So, Mikola I, vikonuyuchi zapovit dad, practically not koristuvavsya closed carriages. Loving wine and shvidka, dashing travel, spending a colossal number of miles with inspectors' changes all over the country. You have a special coachman when you travel in a wheelchair. However, for that yak in 1836 (on the road from Penzi to Tambov, 14 versts from the small Chembar small town on the descent from the mountains against the village of Shaloletki), the driver didn’t see the horses and turned the king from the carriage, Mikola I became the victorious people who came to the world expensive.

It is noteworthy that in the spirit of storage in 1844, Mykola Pavlovich called his coachman Yakov for the necessary advice, hoping that he had served in the house of the king and was not known to the king’s room: “Art. 12. I thank all my room servants, I served me with great care and diligence; To all the attendants of the proper life-reinknechts and my coachman Jacob "298.

Emperor Mikola I in a sleigh. NOT. tsvirkuniv

With Oleksandr II, Frol Sergєєv served as a life coachman as a lifelong tsar. Oskilki revolutionary terrorism zmusiv Oleksandr II oversaturated in St. Petersburg in a closed period, then the traditional system called "tsar - coachman". Until the right hand of the coachman, the cord was attached to the tether, for pulling the king, which would require a carriage for the driver. If 1 birch in 1881 was a bomb, thrown by a terrorist, it zuynuvala back wall of the tsar's carriage, the "running chastin" was not shkodzhena. To this, it became possible to safely carry the king with a swing, as the coachman was trying to kill. However, Oleksandr II punished the prisoners by himself, and if he saw that he did not get out, pull the cord with force, tie it up to the coachman's hand, and if he didn’t let him go, leave the carriage didn’t zupinilsya ”299.

The carriage with a naped back wall was saved until this day. Vaughn will be exhibited at the Cameron Gallery of Tsarskoye Selo. For a style legend, a carriage was presented to Oleksandr II by Napoleon III, and with a stink they survived the swing of the Pole Berezovsky in Paris in 1867. Ale tsya carriage has been with the implanted tilka since 1879, and was prepared for the Russian majestry in the main І. Breitingama, ah, yak vidomo, Napoleon III lost power in 1870 r For the purpose of defeating the emperor, the wheels of all the winter emperors of the tsar were covered with a "tovstim ball of guta-perch". Tse robilosya in pripushennі, "m'yaka part of the wheel is partly parallіzu dіyu vibuhovyh rechovins".

Emperor Oleksandr II in a sleigh of a vypadkovy "vanka"

Oleksandr II's carriage is filled with a vibuch bomb

As a result, the rear wall of the carriage vibrates, I want to remove the ears, ale or the body in front, and from the sides, which is right up to the goats, not the goats themselves, not the bodies, not the wheels, not the axles, not the resorie - sometimes the later ones, and not one transverse dishlo did not suffer from calls. The pillows in the carriage are overflowing. On the thought of competent individuals, unaffected by the ears, the carriage got lost on the move and in the camp it was inadvertently taking the emperor out of the way.

Oleksandr III also mav "his" coachmen and his "own" system of communication with them. If you needed to drive a carriage, I went to the writing desk in my office and I went to the desk to get to the hospital, for which they were given a report, apparently because they had pressed the button ”300.

Primarily, the order of trips of the first emperors was regulated by strict norms of the etiquette. So, the Russian empresses were not allowed to travel on their own in the critical situations beyond the boundaries of the royal residences, the territory of Peterhof. Tsei precedent of legalization і secured right up to 1917 p 301

However, it means that with all the traditionalism of the Imperial court, the comfort of the first people was fed to the comfort of the first people. Another important factor is speed. In other words, the main criteria of the ships at the Imperial Yard will be quickness, comfort and showiness. For technical innovations in the area of ​​oversaturation, they were quilted with respect.

More expensive in the Imperial homeland, as a rule, they were called either for long trips, or for trips to families. The high-road routes were enriched by the possibilities and special features of the transport.

One of the main routes is the trips of Russian monarchs and members of their families to Europe. The trips with official and non-official visits to the numerical European births were considered practically scrupulously. Especially the tones were drowning in the small dwarf courtyards, the smallest of all Russian emperors - nimken by the people.

Emperor Oleksandr II with Emperor Mary Oleksandrivna

The retinue of Russian emperors was majestic for dwarf European courtyards, who respected the skin copy. Yak writing one of the fellows, describing the visit of the Empress Mary Oleksandrivna to the small Batkivshchyna in 1864: zovnishnim viglyadom absolutely similar to Petersburg ”302.

Most of the time, all Russian empresses by rock financed their European days in that form. So, Marya Oleksandrivna was hanging in Darmstadt for 20 TOV rubles. "On the view of the empress of consumer." Mystila of the courtyards of my fathers and the empress Maria Fedorivna 303.

We went to the resort - "on the water". Tsiu tradition Russian aristocracy calmed down from the hours of Peter I. Right up to the 1860s. trips to Europe were carried out in carriages on horses. It’s important to physically and do something behind the worlds to step up the pace of life. However, step by step in Russia, its own zaliznichna hem, yaku in the 1860s, was developing. we got it from the European green lines.

Zalizna road

In the other part of the XIX century. In the development of transport, the principles of change were introduced. A chat in 1837 r was shown to Tsarskoselsku zaliznytsia. On the day of the opening, Mikola I made a special trip on his first trip, having formed a steam locomotive with a tender and 8 wagons. All the way from the capital to Tsarskoe Selo, taking 35 khvili. The tsar moved from his own operation, which was installed on the open vantage platform.

Travel to Tsarskoselskaya Zaliznitsa. 1837 RUR

It is possible to say that the history of the erection on the zaliznichny platform, becoming a symbol of the Mykolaiv era, the great part of the prince Mikoli I fell for an hour of the formation of steam transport. Tilki in the end of Tsar Mikoli I, in 1851 r, completed the business trip from St. Petersburg to Moscow. Steam locomotives and carriages were purchased for the new balancing road. For the order of Mikoli I in England, they bought 42 passenger and 120 commodity locomotives. More than 72 passenger and 580 English freight wagons were added to the list. Such large-scale purchases were made, and the development of retail transport was known among the main buildings for the capital of the country.

Oskilki will be the tsars who have come with a lot of respect, then they will become the first passenger, having traveled from Moscow to Bologoye. For a higher price, a special warehouse was prepared. Winning from a locomotive of the overseas corridor, a saloon car, a kitchen car, a bed car, a bed car, a service car and a suite car (they gave the prestigious SV abbreviation). The carriages were lowered by critical passages. A part of the cich wagons is already a Russian virobnytv, їkh stayed in the 1850-1851 rr. at the Petersburg Oleksandrivsky Zavod 304.

Dovzhin "Vlasny" imperatorskogo car became 25.25 m, and slept on two chotyrivnyh trips, which is new and invincible for the ear of XX century. (And it’s just as soon as the passenger carriages of twenty-meter dozhini entered into the practice). The carriage was refurbished with a call in a blakitny color, and the rostations from both sides of the window from the top were crowned with gilded two-headed eagles. The stele of the tsar's carriage was upholstered with satin, the walls were upholstered with quilts with raspberry-colored damask. Tsei same material was stored for upholstered furniture, for which they requested French decorators from Lyon. On the tables were bronze year-olds, inter'yr decorated the same vases of the Sevres porcelain and bronze candelabra. The doors of the mosaic robots opened and closed absolutely noiselessly, and they were delivered through bronze ventilation pipes, adorned with weathercocks near the eagles. The trumpets were disguised with bronze grains, and successfully served as the perfect details for the decor. 305.

Imperatorskiy poizd. velikoknyazivskiy

Imperatorskiy poizd. bedchamber of the emperor

Imperatorskiy poizd. bedchamber of the empress

The carriages were for the first time stalled for high-ranking passengers in 1851, when they were prepared until the 25th anniversary of the coronation of Mikoli I. new roads for throwing over to Moscow for small vantazhiv. So, on one of the platforms, two horses of the Emperor and 8 men of the city were entangled. On the іnshі platforms - ekіpazhі sviti. Imperatorsky warehouse from St. Petersburg 19 serpnya 1851 in piv to the fourth rank. Oskilki in the tsar's trip was the Empress Oleksandra Fedorivna, then the Chief Commander of the Highways went along the road ahead of Count P.A. Kleinmichel, chief marshal A.P. Shuvalov and physician M. Mandt, "you will be happy, skinny in your own part, and there will be a quiet journey for the Empress" 306. The Empress's car buv "three vitonished cleaned rooms, with a stone, a kitchen, a cellar" 307 it’s an hour to go to the warehouse for 18 years, protest іmperatorsky draft arriving to Moskva only after 23 years.

A year later, a pile of wagons of various functional characteristics was added to the warehouse of the train. In the process of exploitation, the carriages were modernized and overwhelmed by the improvement of the internal fixation and technical annex. The first royal trip vikoristovuvsya for the rise in Russia right up to 1888 r

Under Oleksandr II in the 1860s. in Russia, there is a fast development of hemispheres. For the Imperial Family, it is important, for the Empress Maria Oleksandrivna in the Crimea, they got the little ones from Livadia, and the Emperor's family quickly became a visitor to the news.

Slid nagadati, so pershay trip to Krim zrobil shche Katerina II. And in 1837 before Crimu, the family Mikoli I first came to see the Emperor Oleksandra Fedorivna, the same Emperor Oleksandra Fedorivna rejected Mikoli I as a gift from Oreanda's handcuffs "in one mind, that Papa absolutely will not vibrate about such a I want to ”308. Later the architect AI Stakenschneider stayed there as a palace, who saw the death of Oleksandri Fedorivny at the power of another son of the Grand Duke Kostyantin Mykolajovych.

Rozpodil mists in the Imperial trip from Copenhagen to Livadia 1891 r

More expensive to Crima for poor health of Empress Maria Oleksandrivna will be even more boring. For her, she had a more “spoky” route, a larger part of the route passed along the zaliznitsa and along the water. So, in 1863, Maria Oleksandrivna traveled to Krimu from Tsarskoe Selo on 11 Veresnya. The route passed by the offensive rank: on horseback from Tsarskoe Selo to the Sablino station and dalі zaliznitsyu to Moscow. We'll ride horses to Mikolaev, through Tula, Oryol and Poltava. Go Mikolaev along the Dnipro and the Black Sea to Yalti. Drive her along the highway to Livadia. The entire route is 2328 versts in length, taking 309 days.

Oskilki in the 1870s. At the Empress Mary Oleksandrivna they diagnosed seriously the Legend of the fall, and, as a rule, spent the winter in European resorts, then in 1872, the French moved a replacement, on the upcoming opening of a new hall for the winter France was chosen because it was cheaper to store a warehouse there, not in the other regions 310. A visit was made to replace the Inspection of Imperial Travels.

Zal_znichny pull of the empress was shaped step by step. In 1872, they bought the first seven cars from France, the stench cost 121 788 rubles. 311 Possibility of attaching to the Russian amount The head support of the Russian lands cost 17 787 rubles. Purchases okremo from the party of the freight car with the possession of a lodger and attachments for transportation of provisions (1839 rubles). Three more new cars were added to the Milton Pay and K0 plant (51,620 rubles) 312. As a result, the tsar's trip was equipped with 10 cars 313. ...

With the development of the project of the trip, great respect was given to the level of comfort in the warehouse and its design. Due to the loss of the empress, one of the head was able to provide a comfortable temperature and ventilation in the warehouse 314. Controlling the rate of cychs was performed by the physician-in-chief of the empress, professor S.P. Botkin. So, at temperatures from + 8 ° to -20 ° degrees in the warehouse, the temperature from 13 to 15 ° C g, as “at the stati, so at the stele”, is due. Also, the possibility of changing the temperature in the compartment was transferred, just like the temperature in the corridor. A signal button was installed for Tsiogo in the compartment. In the carriage of the empress and in the great salon, they installed "volatile equipment" for the preparation of the singing level of vologosti (charge of 48-58%). Air-conditioning ventilators were installed at the warehouse wagons to cool down the incoming wagons. When the doors are closed and the windows are closed, the temperature in the carriages is at fault, but the temperature is 5 ° C lower.

Equipment for the cich wagons was also purchased from France. At the contract with the French factories, Milton Pay and K0 was upgraded, so that the wagons and wagons were secured with all the necessary furniture and speeches ... except for the linen and humane adjuncts, for the wives and for the children.

Інter'єr dyysno tsar, so, in the carriages of the empress they put a sinker, vikoniy from sіbla 317. Tsikavo, at the end of the hour, the water closets (toilet) in the wagons were already transferred, following the tradition in the interchange of in the ships ”318.

For the first time, the Empress raised the price for the cordon in the new warehouse in the chest. Tse bully dribnitsy (a lot of water tanks leaked, pipes for water, passed through the bottom of the carriages, froze, the dishes grimaced on the move, the blinds sagged, sagged, but the sitting on the couch was not handled), ale, they passed through the bottom of the carriages. і road The part of the monarch's trip for the overseas roads sold 320 905 rubles.

Until 1880, pp. The border of Russia has expanded rapidly. for the emperor Oleksandra III The hard roads have become an unremarkable part of the haunted life. Until the end of the 1880s. The imperatorska sіm'ya is small in its own ordered car fleet, which, in some form, is still in the hands of Mikoli I.

In one trip, which was formed by 10 carriages, on October 18, 1888, the tsar's family did not lose ice as a result of a major catastrophe, but it became close to the small town of Borki near Kharkov. As a result, the cause of the catastrophe was the change in the status of an important tsarist warehouse and the admission of a defect in the course of the development. The tragic event has become an important change in the family calendar of the remains of the Romanovs. At the time of the catastrophe, the whole king's family (6 chol.), For the blame of little Olga, passed by the wagon-ad. Those who had the whole family scrambled under the wagons of the carriage, and the footman poured the tops into Oleksandr III's tea, ducking, sprinkling them like a divine providence. Naturally, near the center of the film, there are no lich myths, the most popular of them descriptions by S.Yu. Witte. For his words, “the whole door of the dining car fell on the emperor, and only the workers of their gigantic strength pressed down on their backs, and did not crush anyone” 320. For good reason, at the time of the accident, 32 With the materials of the meeting, they stopped 21 and 24 people were injured. More than two of the wounded died.

In April 1888, there is a solution to the establishment of the Imperial Russian Historical Museum. At the breast 1888 rub for those who find it it was ordered to place a glass on the museum for the sake of being taken by the carriage of the Imperial train on 17 June 1888, and it was sent for an hour of emergency near the station of Borka. Those who have seen in the distance the hour of the zaliznichnoy catastrophe, the family took off as a miracle. Mykola II chorіchno іksuvav tsei day in the schoolhouse yak a high-class day. On the 17th of June 1913, writing down: "The axis has already passed a quarter of a century since the day the Lord took over our seven deaths from the hour of an emergency trip!"

After the catastrophe of the royal trip in Birki, the expert committee found serious technical shortcomings in the design of the trip and the significant violation of the basic rules of its operation. At the presentation of the Visnovkiv Central Committee, a decision was made about the future of a new trip for the Tsar's family.

Already on 28 October 1888, the best decisions will start a comic for the revival of food, linked to the formulation of the concept of the maybut royal trip. The head of the committee was the designation of the type of new imperial wagons, their analytical analysis with obvious analogues, exploited by the heads of the European powers.

On the 28th of 1889, the fate of Oleksandr III, the Minister of the Nobles, was told by A.Ya. Gyubbeneta about vikonan I will prepare a robot. In the course of additional information, the nutrition of the need for a new trip was discussed for the overseas roads of the emperor and this family, so as to be in the operation of special travel for overseas roads without any reason. With such a rank, in 1888, a copy of the story went about the development of two warehouses: for internal and for foreign trips of the royal family.

The warehouses were filled with yak palaces on wheels. They have an order of distribution and handles for the more expensive guilty parties to ensure a smooth ride and a proper flow of safety. For the purpose of making a number of people, like supervising the emperor on his trips across the border, the guard put together a list of passengers, inviting his companions to the king on his roads. As a result, a decision was taken to leave 11-12 wagons to the warehouse of the Tsar's train, and close to 400 tons in a carriage.

Tsarsky trip to Dania (m Strib). Photo 1887 р

In order to ensure that there are standards for cars of this class, one of the out-of-the-box engineers was sent to the cordon to look at the out-of-the-box warehouses and out-of-the-way factories, the building sites were replaced. Naturally, the sound about the great potential substituted quickly widened the middle of the overwhelmed ones. There have been numerous numbers in the comic with propositions from the foreign companies, which require a carriage of this class. The stench was taken to prepare the necessary warehouse for one or two rock. All applicants were shown for a real look. At the fall of 1889, the principle of the decision was adopted about the distribution of a prestigious replacement at the Oleksandrivskyi mechanical plant of Mykolaivskyi zaliznytsia.

The cars in the warehouses were transferred to the next rank: in the first car there is an electric station with service personnel. Another car is a baggage car. The third carriage from the compartment of the first and of the other class is assigned to the servants. At the fourth car in seven compartments, the first individuals of the royal retinue were roasted. The car for the 6th compartment was occupied by the minister of the Imperial court, the commander of the head emperor's apartment, the head of the guard, the chief marshal, the medical officer, one spare compartment.

The sixth carriage, also for the 6th compartment, is a ladies' one. Little Grand Duchess Olga Oleksandrivna and її Bonna were in the house of New Roztashov. Okreme compartment was planned for the Grand Duchess Ksenia Oleksandrivna. Two single compartments were designated for maids of honor. In the two-piece compartment, the Empress's maid went. Shost coupe was designated for the maid of honor. Equal to the comfort in the whole carriage by transferring a special toilet room to the skin one from two great-priced compartments and one more sleeping toilet for maids of honor and servants. The Sjomy carriage called itself a grand ducal one. Vіn buv rosrakhovaniya for 5 compartment. The first of them was recognized for the decay-prince-tsarevich Mikoli Oleksandrovich, the maybut emperor Mikoli II. Another ambiguous compartment was designated for the young Grand Duke Mikhail Oleksandrovich and his tutor. The third compartment has another king's sin - Grand Duke Georgy Oleksandrovich. The carriage has two toilets.

Two offensive carriages were named imperators. The eighth carriage is a sleeping one. At the new one, we were overwhelmed by two sleeping quarters for Oleksandr III and for the Empress Maria Fedorivnya. The bedchamber of the Emperor was lined with sap'yan. The skin bedroom is small three windows. The bedroom of the Emperor has a boule style, a sofa, a small dressing table, understaffs on the walls and a washstand. In case of a skin bedroom there is a toilet room. The interior of the emperor and the empress was developed according to the style of the design. A dressing room was built near a number of carriages, there were two compartments for the valet of the Emperor and for the chambers of the Emperor. For scorching the car, a steam boiler was installed in the new one.

At the ninth carriage, the emperor's salon and the working office of the tsar were installed. Near the tenth car there was an Imperatorska Dalnya, which was served three times: a canteen, a snack bar and a buffet. Tsimi chotirma with 10 train cars (bedchamber, salon, childish, and grand-ducal), which is presented with a special cut of obrobka, only members of the royal family were crushed.

Two confining warehouse wagons - gospodarski. In the eleventh carriage, a kitchen was installed, it was also stored in three items: a kitchen, a buffet and a food item for food. The twelfth carriage of another class has a compartment for 4 cooks and 4 officers, as well as 14 sleeping rooms for servants and 6 nights for the Cossacks. The whole car will be provided with insurance for 32 bedrooms with one toilet.

A handful of things, to spare the place, was transferred to the warehouse with only candles and to do without electric lighting. Then the option of gas illumination came to light, but the people who were in charge of the trip were in charge of the electric illumination. The leather compartment had 1-2 svitniks in the modern style. Installing the ignition lamp for 8, 16 and 25 plugs is skin-friendly at 50 volts to live from the dynamo and accumulators. All in all there were 200 pieces of electric lamps in the trip. For the first time, the electrical illumination was taken in the royal trip of 1902, before the hour of the traditional trip of the family of Mikoli II to Krim. At the afternoon of the day, the light in the carriage has passed through the bed linens of the windows. For the connection between the usim, the carriages were fitted with a telephone netting.

Scorching wagons - steam. For cooling cars in last hour provides for special "ventilation-refrigerators", prototypes of air conditioners. After drinking it through the special power boxes in vitoneno chipped boxes with channels, lined with ice from the shower, and chilling, having consumed in the carriage. All pipes and water supply were made from midi. The width of the corridors in the emperor's cars became 72 cm, in the others - 70 cm. The pidlog was covered with linoleum and kilimi. The volume of partitions in the compartment for lodging of the zagalny carriage of cars did not perevischuval 3 cm.

For the preparation of carcasses for carriages for metal, we needed bullets of different types of wood, which were purchased in London. In the course of the development and improvement of the vicorists, teak, clear, red wood and oak were observed. The bodies of the wagons were made in blue colors. The names above the upper part of the vikon were fastened with bronze, gilded artistic forging of the sovereign coat of arms. Dakh was prepared from the chervonoi medi, made up in the light-gray color. "Accordions" passing through the wagons were sewn from the black shkiri. Oskіlki need to change the warehouse, then no armor on the wagons was not installed.

Already in the course of the forthcoming trip for the emperor's foreign trips, the decision was taken to make the trip and for the internal trips of the royal family. For the whole, the procedure of changing the skates of the overseas line of 1435 mm to the Russian line of 1524 mm was broken up. Oleksandr III often visited the relatives of his squad in Dania. A collection of skatvs took up to 3 years on a leather wagon. Tobto those who can "reload" the entire warehouse, it took up to three dib. In extreme cases, the out-of-the-box robots contributed to the 18th anniversary. Oskilki price was not handy for high-ranking passengers, to speed up the process at the near-cordon station of Verzhbolovo in 1903, a special carriage was installed. Winning skarbnytsi in 206 yew. Rub.

The first trial trip of the Tsar's train (for the overseas roads) went on 20 September 1893 r The mail car went from St. Petersburg to Tosno station and back. The youngsters - Grand Duchess Ksenia Oleksandrivna and Grand Duke Oleksandr Mikhailovich - were the first to drink the sips. The stench was viral from New Peterhof to Sevastopol on the ear of a sickle in 1894. A test run of the 24 sickle in 1894 was taken into operation by the tsar's warehouse. A warehouse with 10 cars for the roads of the whole of Russia was put into operation until 1897

However, the Emperor Oleksandr III did not have a chance to speed up with new trips. Until the end of the hour, he was fatally ill. At just one hour, everyone wanted the warehouse, and the tsar’s trip to the climatic resort on the island of Corfu was transferred to the tsar’s trip. Alle the tempo, the development of the deadly ailment was dictated by the call of the first move, and the emperor, having learned about untenable predictions, having thought to leave the territory of the country, having died in the closest Livadia. To him, Mikola II became the ruler of the new trip. They drove them to the country, and beyond the cordon, and they brought them to a small, thoroughly material part of the tsar's warehouse. So, in Sichni 1902 Mykola II was left out, and the trip of the French President had a great run. As a result of the good running moves, the viprobuvan made a huge difference. Oskilki meta trips of the tsar bulwed up, then the collection of warehouses in the tsarist trip gradually changed, and around the carriages of mali rіzniy trials. So, for 1 June 1907, the run of the imperial wagon-bedchamber across the territory of Russia is 28,003 versts, the great carriage - 44,876 versts. Behind the cordon, the sleeping car "nabigav" is 72.957 versts, and the great one - 71 816 versts.

Mykola II at the vіknі vlasnogo train. Photo 1917 р

Particularly actively vikoristovuvavsya royal warehouse field, like Mikola II in the serpentine of 1915, took on the obligations of the Supreme head commander of the Russian army. At the end of the trip to the salon-carriages of the Vin signed his own date 2 Bereznya 1917 r

Mikola II, right up to 1905 r, was killing himself with trips, prompted by the order of his father - Oleksandr III. Ale oskilki Mikola II, he often traveled around the country, then step-by-step on the skin of the country after the formation of his royal trip. Until 1903, the park of imperatorskikh trips was formed in five warehouses. The first - the most imperative trip of Mikolaivsky zaliznitsa for the roads of the Empress Mary Fedorivna with carriages on chotirivsnyh routes. Warehouse including 10 wagons. Another - "Vlasny Yogo Imperatorskoy Greatness" for distant highways in Russia, buildings in operation in 1897, on chotirivsnyh roads. The third - the Imperial trip "for the overseas community", which went up to the fret in 1894, being formed from 11 wagons on chotireevіsnyh wagons. Quarter - "Primiskiy Imperatorskiy Poizd" with trivial wagons for the roads in the outskirts of St. Petersburg, including 13 wagons. P'yatiy - Imperatorsky trip of Kurskaya zaliznytsya "for the rise in the price of the earth and the world nobility" with trivial wagons numbering 16 322.

Internal political events have been poured into the larger park of imperial trips. It was necessary to be able to come in now to secure the safety of the emperor in the minds of the brewing revolutionary vibuhu. Tom on the cob 1900s rr. I felt the future of another "primirnik" of the Russian Imperial trip. Budivnistvo tsiy warehouse was completed before 1905 to rock 323

The twins themselves came to see the tsar's "prikritt", steadily passing by mint on the road. A similar practice in the protection of the tsar was formed in the end of the 1870s. under Oleksandr II. In the stand-by trip, special personnel are assigned from the number of the room attendants and from the staff of the staff of the wagons, which provide a living view.

The inventories of the memoirists of the Imperatorsky Train went to us. Head of the Office of the Ministry of the Court A.A. Mosolov zgaduvav: “A convoy and servants were intercepted by the first carriage. As soon as the trip was made, the vartovo bigom borrowed their mission from the wagons of the Great. The other carriage had a kitchen and a room for the head waiter and cooks. The third carriage will be on the table of the red tree; a third of the carriage was brought in a bulwark with important draperies and furniture, upholstered with oxamite damask; there was also a pianino. The carriage of quarters was rewound along the entire width by a corridor і buv signs for Їх greatness. The first coupe was a virtual Gosudarin of gray-purple tones. As the Empress didn’t get on the road, the compartment was shutting down. At the fifth carriage there was a child: the drapery of the boule from the light Cretonne, and the furniture - the white. Frailini took place in the whole train car. The sixth carriage is brought in by the suite. There is a boulevard of compartments for 9 compartments, and one of them is located in the middle of the carriage, which was designated for the Minister of Dvoru. Our compartments are more spacious than in international sleeping carriages. The comfort of the boulevard of safety, in a way, will increase. On the leather doors there is a frame for attaching a visit card. One compartment was built to be great: they were accommodated in the new one, who were seen in the way of greatness and thought to be lost on the road. Siyom's carriage was assigned for luggage, and the eighth carriage was visited by the inspector of Naivishchikh poizdiv, the commander of the trip, the attendant of the suite, the doctor and the pharmacy. The wagons were powered by electricity, heated by steam scorched, and a telephone was installed in a leather compartment. At the heads of the sofa, the handle of the stop-cock was knocked over. At the vestibule of the carriage, the conductor was guarded. The interior of the carriages was inspected by the provincial staff of the G.G. Buechtger, N.F. Svirsky and іn. ".

The carriages of the imperator's trips were magalized by trimati on the skin of the tsar's private routes. In addition, the Imperatorsky Warehouse can be quickly equipped with the necessary number of wagons. Tsi routes, as a rule, bully postinimi, fragments of the king's trip to primish palaces, in Biloviz, Livadia and spas went from rock to rik.

Especially often the emperor's warehouse was victorious as the king in the rock of the First Holy War. For maneuverability and secrecy, the tsar's train was completed with an incomplete warehouse. Fligel-Adjutant Colonel A.A. Mordvinov zgaduvav, so the Imperatorsky trip will be small. Winning near the center of the carriage of Yogo Greatness, there was a bedroom and a study of the Emperor; handrail - svitskiy, from one side, and from іnshyo - wagon-dalnya. There was a kitchen with a sideboard, a carriage with an old-fashioned office and a stopped carriage, a demotional engineering and a head of the road, in such a straightforward way. If the tsar arrived at the front at Headquarters, then he lost his life in his trip. Since 1915 Mikola II took on the duties of the Supreme Commander and spent more than an hour in Mogilov, since the Headquarters was located, then the Empress often came with her daughters. In fact, in 1915-1917 rr. The emperor's trip became one of the permanent residences of the remaining Russian emperor.

Tsarsky trip, in which Mykola II signed the appointment to the throne. Exposition of the Peterhof Museum in the 1930s.

The song of Mikoli II in the birch 1917 of the first trip was held out to the vicarists by the ministers of the Timchasov district. For the arrival of bolsheviks from the imperial wagons to the arrival of power, they formulated celebrations for the trip of the head of Revvijskkradi L.D. Trotsky. Vin koristuvavsya with the hand of the Imperial train, including a garage-car, prompted in 1915 for the warehouse of Mikoli II.

З кінця 1920-х рр. and until the other half of the 1930s. in Peterhof in the Oleksandriya park, within the framework of the exhibition dedicated to the emperor's family, 2 carriages were presented with an exhibition, showing the message of Mikoli II. A couple of them entered the saloon car, in Yaku 2 birch 1917 Mykola II signed his name.

The share of all rosy royal carriages was not big. The great part of it is absorbed into the fire huge wines.

The carriages were gone in 1941, and this year in the territory of the Russian Federation there was no need to save money from the official emperor's trips. However, our friends, in the Museum of Zaliznichny Transport Suomi, exhibit three carriages from one emperor's warehouse. Deyakі memorial speeches, which were known in the tsar's wagons, were preserved in the funds of the Peterhof Museum-Reserve 324.

"Vlasny Yogo Imperatorskoy Greatness garage" 1905-1918 rr

Cars appeared in the haunted life of the royal family to Prince Volodymyr Mykolayovich Orlov 325, who in 1903 drove his car into the Oleksandrivsky Palace of Tsarskoye Selo. For the tsar, the knowledge of some technical innovations has been overhauled since 1895, since Peterhof was shown a "steam bicycle" - a French steam motorcycle manufactured by "Millet", released in 1893.

Serpolle system car. 1888 RUR

Cream. Mislivsky Budinochok.

Right-handed from the emperor V.N. Orlov - the first chauffeur of Mikoli II

On the cob XX Art. automobiles were part of the everyday life of the poor people of Russia. So, Mikola II, having written down 12 May 1904 at the schoolboy: "In the middle, before going round, I arrived in Tsarskoe Selo Misha 326 from camp 327 in a car". In the first phrase, the tsar was the first vicorist of the term "automobile", until, as a rule, the term "motor" was implanted. Mykoly II's pupils have one more term - "pomotorilі". Wrought by Mikoli II in 1901-1902 rr. they gave the car to the Minister of the Imperial Court, Baron V.B. Frederika and Grand Duke Dmitro Kostyantinovich. Tse bouly French car systems "Serpolle". During the hour of the royal family's trips to Nimechchina, there were regular walks in the front of Nauheim in the car of the brother of the Empress of the Duke of Hesse Ernest.

Russian monarchs welcomed regular trips in cars since 1905 Mykola II new technology, Aleksandra Fedorivna, the Empress, was put in the car for a test drive. The novelty of the carving was honored by the king, so it was practically a skin day to travel by car. Prince Orlov, in fear of the life of the tsar, are not safe, in fact, having changed into his chauffeur. Vin having written down the attachments of 1905: “The sovereign, having fallen in love with the car and the rush of the road, so many pieces” 328. The aristocratic beau monde of St. Petersburg secretly responded to the novel with sympathy. So, close to the Court A.V. Bogdanovich wrote down 16 serpnya, born in 1906, in a schodennik: “Favorite is now prince. Orlov, who’s going to be a friend of a tsar in his car. Tse dine now drowning і rozvaga ”329.

The great drowning price has become an object of family heat. At the toilet (WC) of Mikoli II in the Oleksandrivskyi Palace of Tsarskoe Selo, a caricature of the tsar hung on the wall, depicting the image of a seated man in the car "Bianco T" 330.

Food about the carnage of cars in Uzgodzhuvsya at the Ministry of the Imperial Court of V.B. Frederiksa. After giving the head of the Imperator Mykoli II the head of the Emperor Mykoly II from 1906 to 1915, Prince Volodymyr Mykolayovich Orlov was the head of the Emperor Mykoly II.

The first cars purchased by Orlovim appeared in the Oleksandrivskyi Palace of Tsarskoye Selo in the end of 1905. Franzia got a representative limousine (faeton) from the company “Delaunnay-Belleville”. Yogo was victorious for short trips around the outskirts of St. Petersburg. For long-distance trips, we bought a set of shvidkohіdnyh cars of the "Mercedes" brand, modification "16-40". If the car "Delaunnay-Belleville" was hostile to the sale, then the cars "Mercedes" were also respected by some of the Shvidkis themselves. In 1904, a tourist modification "Mercedes" could trim a speed of 85 miles per year. The same cars became a cob of the car park of the Imperatorsky garage.

For this reason, the first cars appeared, the park of such permanently improved, there was a need for more personnel problems. Prince V.N. Orlov, acting as an initiator of the development of the Imperial School of Chauffeurs. Winning the same special chauffeur Mykola II. Nim became a Frenchman with unfailing recommendations - 25-year-old Adolf Kegresse. Deyakiy hour V.N. Orlov has consistently traveled with a new chauffeur, reversing it.

Delaunnay-Belleville. On the radio is a swastika, the symbol of Empress Oleksandri Fedorivnya. Photo 1915 r

"At the viglyadі dosvіdu" Imperial garages were set up in Tsarskoe Selo and Peterhof in 1905 r In 1906 r was given official status. Until the end of 1906, there were a lot of cars in the garages, which cost 100,000 rubles in executions. In an hour, they grew up for the possession of garages and for the purchase of cars. In 1906, the tsar's vitractive in garages was 77,277 rubles, in 1908 - 69,700 rubles, in 1909 - 65,000 rubles, in 1910 - 33,000 rubles. The most significant vitrati fell at 1911 r, while the vitrati was 96,681 rubles. Until 1911-1912 rr. suma vitrat is stabilized at a level of 58 600 rubles. With such a rank, for the most modest pidrakhunks, from 1905 to 1912, the Ministry of the Imperial Yard spent about 550 TOV rubles on carriage of cars and possession of imperial garages. At the same time, not only cars were bought, but new applications for the Imperial garage were bought. Garages appeared not only in Tsarskoe Selo and Peterhof, but in other royal residences - in Winter and Anichkov palaces in Petersburg, in Gatchina, in Livadia.

Until 1910 in the Imperial garages there were 21 cars of new modifications. Among them - five very high-profile cars-landau, especially for Mikoli II and th family 331. I would like to pay your respects to Mykola II for making the cars more beautiful. The price of the decision is dictated by the political vibration. Mikola II vvazhav, the king is guilty but it is visible to the people. I would like the guard of the bagatorazov to overtake the tsar oversaturated in a closed car, Mikola II, as a rule, having traveled to the most critical limousines.

Mikola II took part in the beautifully crafted French cars of the Delaunnay-Belleville company. French company "Delaunnay-Belleville" in stretching XIX The capital was engaged in the production of steam boilers and locomotives. In 1904, she got her first car. On the photographs, which have gone to our days, the peculiar cylindrical shape of the car hood is clearly visible. Tse constructively nagaduvalo about the root of the company.

Until 1907, the quality, the urgency and the desirability of the Delaunnay-Belleville lymuzines became popular in the aristocratic middle of the European monarchical households. In 1909, the company made a special version of the car for the replacement of the Russian Imperial Court. Vaughn Bula is designated yak "Delaunnay-Belleville - 70 S.M.T." Speedy "S.M.T." ("Sa Majesti le Tsar"), in French - "Yogo Imperatorska Greatness". Tse buv taut and overwhelming car wagon of 4 tons with a taut engine of 70 liters. with. (Dvigun volume - 11.5 liters, 6 cylinders), the building capacity is up to 100 km per year.

Sіm'ya bіlya garage. Zliva "Delaunnay-Belleville", right-hander "Mercedes" Livadia. Photo 1914 р

The Emperor Mykoliy II inspected the vehicles of the Russian Federation as they traveled 3000 km. Peterhof. Oleksandriya. Photo 1912 р

Keruvannya car todі bulo to finish with a folding right. Replace the extraordinary three pedals in the royal car - nine pedals. Two pedals for left and right galm, "girske galmo, abo stop", accelerator, pedal for power supply of oil to the motor, pneumatic whistle. In addition, the bullets were important for the starting annex, Pneumatic jack, tire inflation. The whole system of pratsyuvala on a regular basis, come from special baloniv. Starting the car will also be constrained by the turn. The machine could noiselessly destroy from the vehicle and use only the stock of a compressed winding of kilometers. At the time of the purchase of the company in 1906, the model was more thorough. So, on nіy vikoristovuvali not the lantsyug transmission from the dvigun to the colіs, but the cardan.

Naturally, the replacement of the Russian Imperial Court will be more prestigious for "Delaunnay-Belleville", thus the "S.M.T." getting ready for the best possible time. All the car right up to the first light of the day became one of the new cars. This reputation has survived two light events. The stay "Delaunnay-Belleville" was celebrated in 1948, ale "golden wick" of the company itself fell on the period from 1907 to 1914, if she supplied her cars for the Russian Imperial court.

At the Tsarskoselsky garage, there were ten more cars, which were in the main retinue of Mikoli II. Among them there were 3 German cars "Mercedes" (modification "16-40") 332, 3 French cars of the brands "Delaunnay-Belleville" 333, "Panhard-Levassor" 334, "Serex" 335 and one English car 336 in them. garages were known and vintchiznyany cars from the firms "Lessner" 337 and "Russo-Balt" 338. The cars "Russo-Balt" bore the most original vintage cars. On the probe of the radіator of the cich machines, the MAV plant has the right to install a figurine of a two-headed eagle - a symbol of the Russian Empire.

Oskilki, after an hour of travel, came to live on a great city, and the emperor, according to the protocol of supervising, was without a driver, then the order of the vantage-trailer with skids was added to the order of the extravagant cars. 339. So, at the ordered palace commandant there were two cars "Mercedes" 340. In 1910, it cost the Imperial Garage the Ministry of the Imperial Court 126 TOV rubles.

For servicing technology in the garage, we have 21 water supplies, one water supply per leather car. Until 1910, automobiles motically disappeared into the everyday life of the imperial family. Before them, they heard a loud sound, wanting a chat with them at the time of their victorious victorious masa neporozumin. In the main stench associated with car "accidents" of that hour. The type of mechanical "chudovisk", which led to the mischief of horses and korіv on the roads, which became uncut. Hourly, the Emperor specially compensated for the victims of the consumption of the goods or ordered the refund to the victims 341.

Garage prodovzhuvav develops. U 1911-1912 rr. to buy more than 14 other cars good class... Among them - a choice of 342 landau cars, five 343 phaetons and two 344 buses. The palace commandant also took two new hard-hitting 345 cars. , I would like to buy cars on small chassis ("Rolls-Royce", "Renault", "Peugeot", "Mercedes"). Krym tsyogo, in the garage there is a racing, chotiricylindrovy "Mercedes" for 40 liters. That is, in 1910 r Shvidshe for everything, he was bought for the needs of the special protection of the tsar, and he was a super-juvenile on all trips.

Oskіlki garage of the emperor grows rapidly, and the palace's elite changed from carriages in comfortable, rozkіshnі cars, then there is a need for expanded garage. At the serpentine of 1910, the Minister of the Imperial Court of V.B. Frederika wrote to the tsar that due to the growing number of cars in the Imperial garage of Vinikl, there is a need for a new awakening in Tsarskoye Selo, new events in Peterhof and Petersburg. On the basis of the provisions of this document, V.B. Frederika proponuvati after a new stay in Tsarskoe Selo "all" for 35 cars (30 cars, 2 vantage cars and 3 cars for the palace state).

Rolls-Royce symbol

Ymovirno, same in 1910-1911 rr. booths were built in the Chorny courtyard of the Winter Palace, in the area of ​​the palace kitchens. The whole garage has been taken care of. In 1911, when a new palace was built in Livadia, a garage was also motivated, for whom they bought two Rolls-Royce "Sribna Primara", and the cars were victorious right up to 1917.

Document prepared by V.B. Frederiksa, I have my own history. Until 1910 r, mabut, winykli seryoznі rubbing among the neofіtsіinny "gentlemen" of the garage - Prince V.N. Orlovim and the Minister of the Court of V.B. Frederiksa. Ci non-reasonable boules are tied in the main financial situation around the garage and an unimportant station in the structures of the Ministry of the Imperatorsky Dvor. Financial problems were brought about by the uncontrolled vitraction of significant costs for all new and new cars and road changes of the garage itself 346.

Oskіlki in the garage will be transferred to the budget of the Ministry of the Imperial Yard, then the decision to create a special "Proposition" about the Imperatorskiy Garages will take place. Oskilki special garage of its magnitude is designated solely for servicing the needs of the royal family, then this function began with a special service for Mykola II.

V.B. Frederika, which is a serious inflow to the king, mabut, rush to speed up the situation and legally encircle the "rozpovzannya" garage wide. To that the minister proponuvav to pinch the unprocessed dressing of new cars in great numbers... In respect of the fact that 30 obvious cars are quite enough, there is a fact that only once in a day, except for the permanent servicing of the emperor and the first job, the garage of the victor will be able to carry all of its transport in the course of the driver's work. On the thought of V.B. Frederiks, in 1910, the garage was to supply completions with modern cars, and in the flow line renting only 4 cars, and that only because 4 cars from the number of emperor's boules were sent for the cordon. The Ministr made a great respect to Mikoli II for those who are in the garage registered in the budget of the Ministry of the Imperial Court, but at the same time, in reality, the vitrati can be transformed into the established budget of the city. In addition, an increase in the number of cars and the development of new events, for those who need a supplementary state of the spirits, to make the imperative garage of invoices for the budget of the Ministry of the Imperatorsky Yard.

Formally, V.B. Frederika, zychayno, maє ratsіyu, ale vin not vrahuvav the peculiarities of the human psyche. Good cars for people who love, are not rich. Especially if є financial capabilities. Tom's garage was sold out. Mykola II ordered the planned values ​​of vitrati. Mabut, at the price of the decision, the tsar was flooded with cars, and prince V.M. Orlova, and those who are cars have become an important part of the haunted life of the whole world. Prince V.N. Orlov vselyako pidtrimuvav flooded tsar's seven cars. So, in 1913, the nine-year-old Tsarevich Oleksiy was presented with a two-sided car "Bebe Peugeot" with a 10-liter engine. with. 347

Alone, as far as the death of the minister went, so did the order in the heart of 1912 "Vlasny Yogo Imperatorskoy Garage" to the courtyard old part of the von AA Grinvalda V. 348. Tse bv. Orlovim. On one side, "horse" Grіnvald didn’t get involved in the garage help and V.N. Orlov prodovzhuvav became an unofficial clerk, from the second - formally ordering the garage of the Stable part gave the right to financial control over its activity from the side of the Ministry of the Imperial Yard.

Everyday life of the Imperator's garage is a source of trouble-free problems, which were brought promptly to Virishuvati. First of all for everything, including personnel problems, connected with the noise of qualified drivers and competent technicians for servicing cars. Oskilki in that hour of service of the car service did not appear, then from the driver it is necessary not only to drive a car well, but in the meantime it means character and a moment of injustice, ale and usunuti її. Tsі zavdannya virіshuvala Imperatorska school of chauffeurs.

The services, which took care of the special security of the Emperor, were taken from the waters when the members of the Emperor were transported with maximum respect. Oskilki tsar vvvaziv for the beautiful glimpses of the limousines, then the waters of the goiters were tied up ready to play for the sake of passengers and with a mighty swing at Mikola II. The very possibility of such a swing is for the purposes of the First Russian Revolution of 1905-1907 rr. the boole is real. Once the Tsarevich Oleksiy і yogo vchitel french movi P. Gilliard was drunk in one of the first traffic jams in Petersburg. Fragments of the stench drove off the car, passing by, knowing the Tsarevich, mittovo cleaned up the car, picking up NATO, because the stench was violently vibrated.

Chauffeurs in Russia at that hour were not big. The qualification of waters from the Tsarskoselsky garage could easily be willed to be a titled ruler for a large fee, and that one was reluctant to attend services in the Ministry of the Yard. All the stinks were taken to get a high fee, which included the so-called tables and pennies for the apartment, and the steadily grown-up drink on the water zmushuvav promptly received and received. Thus, in 1914, Prince V.M. Orlov, in his note on the name of Mikoli II, ordered: “The payment of the working garage is now coming: the drivers of the imperial cars will get 90-100 rubles, the other robots - 50-80 rubles per month. Ale Your Greatness is guilty of the nobility for the fact that they pay more money in private booths, but not pay more ”349. Winning a robot in a garage is not easy. Bagato services were done without a permit and one hour at night, in order to finish the repair of the royal car. Win stverdzhuvav, so the price of paid robots from the waters to the miiniks (the rest were discounted for 25 rubles per month) is not very high. And there are no opportunities to advance payment with strict "budgetary" frameworks.

Tsarevich Oleksiy in the car. Livadia. Photo 1913 р

Prince V.M. Orlov dorikav Control of the Palace Administration in non-limited financial "fixes", so, on your mind, from the file of the certificate of the Mechanic in the garage of A. Kegress and his assistant in the middle of the list. V.N. Orlov, considering the mode of financial support for the garage, hanging the head argument - in the name of the king, that the number of dogs and women on the side of the palace administration and control were forced by A. Kegress to ask V.N. Orlova about zvіlnennya. Prince V.N. Orlov, declaring that A. Kegress is “indefinable workman, and I am afraid that I will be a great waste for the garage” 350. Prince V.M. Orlov asking the tsar to send the Minister of the Imperial Court V.B. Frederika has given the order of the palace to the financial manager not to get involved in the problems pay wages working. Tse duzhe is characteristic of a note that will show that Prince V.M. Orlov prodovzhuvav became a de facto "gentleman" of the Imperial garage, he passed all the spirits of food without a second through the Emperor. And the vimoga does not get involved in the financial right of the garage, entering the structures of the Ministry of the Imperatorsky Dvor, is unprecedented.

However, life gradually brought up new problems. So, as the car was brought to carry along with the emperor and the room, then the collection for the whole vicarist was taken by the special platforms. In the fierce 1914, a decision was made about the construction of a special garage car for the transportation of emperor cars. There will be a couple of cars, which will be two carriages, each with a pair of metal bridges for approximately 18 meters. However, in the process of development, the changes have changed. As a result, two chotiree wagons were purchased, leather wagons up to 20 meters long. Tsei zakryty garage vm_shchuvav five cars, extras for repair, spare parts and palnogo. The car garage-car is fed to the tail of the royal warehouse. Automobiles were driven by special metal drives at the end of the car.

Emperor Mikola II on a stroll in Krima. Photo 1914 р

The robot over the cim was quickly accelerated to the point that Russia joined Persha in 1914 r. svitovu vіynu... In the spring of 1914 Mikola II became a regular visitor to the front. The garage car was distilled in Tsarska Selo in 1915 birch, and in 1915, the act of taking over the garage was signed. Tse bulo even more importantly, the fragments itself in the serpentine of 1915 Mykola II, having taken on himself the obligations of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. Vin prodovzhuvav regularly travels on the fronts. At the end of the hour, the Emperor's garage was taken over by V. Schoffer 351. The special water of the Emperor as A. Kegress was already a great master. For the svidchennyam of the rest of the palace commandant V.N. Voykova, win on the Crimean roads close to Livadia travel from shvidkistu "60-70 miles per year" 352.

The garage of the Emperor prodovzhuvav zbіlshuvatisya and in the rocky vіyni. Ale zbіlshuvsya guilt not for the rakhunok of small cars, but for the rakhunok of cars, which could have been known in the minds of the wines. So, the 1915/16 r levy for the tsar was destroyed by a car-sleigh (2 examples). One of the two vehicles was handed over to the services of the head of the Tsar's special guard, Colonel A.I. Spiridovich. Until the ear of 1916, there were 56 cars in the Imperial garage. Among them - 9 special cars Mikoli II, 19 cars for the suite, 3 field vehicles, 15 state and 10 cars for courtiers 353.

During the Lute Revolution of 1917 and the fall of the monarchy, the entire car park of the Imperial Garage was requisitioned. 9 birch 1917 r the entire material part of the "Vlasny Yogo Imperator's Garage" was handed over to the Timchasov district 354. Zhovtnevoy revolution 1917 the rock and the arrival to the possession of the great colishny Imperator's garage were transferred to the new gentlemen. June 26, 1918 r Main colishny Court old part and colish garage Yogo Imperial Magnitude will be transferred to the Auto-stable base of the Robin-Selyansky district. V.I. was carried in royal cars. Lenina and L.D. Trotsky. Russia became zanyuruvatisya in the abyss of huge war, as it ruined all the royal cars. Until the present hour, the zhodnoy car was not spared.

Traveling with motives in 1894-96 rock. The warehouse of wagons changed several times, old wagons changed to new ones, having become aware of a change and an inter'er. The wagons in the warehouse were transferred to the warehouse in the following rank: in the first car- power station with service personnel. another car- luggage. third car from the compartment of the first and of the other class priznachavya for the service. At the fourth car in seven compartments the first individuals of the royal retinue were roasted. p'yati wagon on the 6th compartment they occupied the minister of the Imperial court, the commander of the head emperor's apartment, the head of the guard, the chief marshal, the life-medic, one compartment was reserved. shoest car, Also on the 6th compartment, - ladies'. Two single compartments in the new one were designated for the maids of honor. In the two-piece compartment, the Empress's maid went. Shost coupe was designated for the maid of honor. Equal to the comfort in the whole carriage by transferring a special toilet room to the skin one from two great-priced compartments and one more sleeping toilet for maids of honor and servants. Sjomy wagon calling himself grand-ducal. Vіn buv rosrakhovaniya for 5 compartment. The first of them was recognized for the decay-prince-tsarevich Mikoli Oleksandrovich, the maybut emperor Mikoli II. Another ambiguous compartment was designated for the young Grand Duke Mikhail Oleksandrovich and his tutor. The third compartment has another king's name - Grand Duke Georgiy Oleksandrovich. The carriage has two toilets. Two offensive carriages were named imperators. eight car- bedrooms. The bedchamber of the Emperor was lined with sap'yan. The skin bedroom is small three windows. The bedroom of the Emperor has a boule style, a sofa, a small dressing table, understaffs on the walls and a washstand. In case of a skin bedroom there is a toilet room. The interior of the emperor and the empress was developed according to the style of the design. A dressing room was built near a number of carriages, there were two compartments for the valet of the Emperor and for the chambers of the Emperor. For scorching the car, a steam boiler was installed in the new one. At the ninth car the imperial salon and the working office of the tsar were in the process of developing. At the tenth carriage passed the Imperatorska Dalnya, the wine was served for three times: a table, a snack bar and a buffet. Tsimi chotirma with 10 train cars (bedchamber, salon, childish, and grand-ducal), which is presented with a special cut of obrobka, only members of the royal family were crushed. Two confining warehouse wagons - gospodarski. In the eleventh carriage The kitchen was developed, it was also stored in three items: kitchen, buffet and food for food. The twelfth carriage of another class has a compartment for 4 cooks and 4 officers, as well as 14 sleeping rooms for servants and 6 nights for the Cossacks. The whole car will be provided with insurance for 32 bedrooms with one toilet. Once more, there will be another carriage, which will be victorious as a church. Emperor Mikola II with the squad of Emperor Oleksandr Fedorivna and Tsarevich Oleksiy: Zbilshiti The wagons of the train bully were dressed in blue colors, embellished with gilding. All the wood parts of the boule are broken from the Indian teak. Panels, steles and furniture boules of polished oak, mountain, white and gray beech, maple and Karelian birch. The stele of the tsar's carriage was upholstered with satin, the walls were upholstered with quilts with raspberry-colored damask. Tsei same material was stored for upholstered furniture, for which they requested French decorators from Lyon. On the tables were bronze year-olds, inter'yr decorated the same vases of the Sevres porcelain and bronze candelabra. The doors of the mosaic robots opened and closed absolutely noiselessly, and they were delivered through bronze ventilation pipes, adorned with weathercocks near the eagles. The scorched pipes were disguised with bronze grates, and successfully served as fine details for the decor. Naykomfortnіshimi boules, naturally, the carriages of the emperor. Everything was there for a good hour and a lot of robots. There is a bimetallic bath between the compartment of the emperor and the emperor. At the carriage of the empress, a sink was set up, the viconies from the middle. Tsіkavo, I want at all o'clock the water closets (toilet) in the carriages were already transferred, for the tradition, in the interchange of replaced objects, to guess and about "bilikh with gilding of small porcelain vessels".
Zbіlshiti Obіdnya hall in the restaurant car:
zbіlshiti
Zbіlshiti During the development of the project of the trip, great respect was given to the steps of comfort in the warehouse and in its design. Due to the loss of the empress, one of the head was able to provide a comfortable temperature and ventilation of the composition314. Controlling the quality of the cycle, the life-physician and the empress, professor S.P. Botkin. So, at temperatures from + 8 ° to -20 ° degrees in the warehouse, the temperature from 13 to 15 ° C g, as “at the stati, so at the stele”, is due. Also, the possibility of changing the temperature in the compartment was transferred, just like the temperature in the corridor. A signal button was installed for Tsiogo in the compartment. In the carriage of the empress and in the great salon, they installed "volatile equipment" for the preparation of the singing level of vologosti (charge of 48-58%). Air-conditioning ventilators were installed at the warehouse wagons to cool down the incoming wagons. When the doors are closed and the temperature in the carriages is closed, the temperature in the carriages was at a lower level by 5 ° C.
Zbіlshiti Table with the inkwell:
Zbilshiti Furniture in the compartment of Mikoli II, broken from Karelian birch and beech, the bullock is upholstered with a brown box. On the table, there is a bronze gilding set of a letter attachment, which can be stored in 12 items. The gilded sconces hung in the compartment, and a soft kilim of cherry color lay on the floor.
Zbilshiti Letter style of the Empress Oleksandri Fedorivni:
Zbilshiti Bath:
Zbilshiti Announcement of the Imperial Visa of the Great Duchess Olga Mikolaivnya:
Zbilshiti Salon:
Zbіlshiti Velikoknyazivskyi viddіlennya:
Zbilshiti of the Emperor's Bedchamber: The Empress's bedchamber: Tsarevich Oleksiy: Zbilshiti Mikola II:
zbіlshiti
zbіlshiti
The song of Mikoli II in the birch 1917 of the first trip was held out to the vicarists by the ministers of the Timchasov district. For the arrival of bolsheviks from the imperial wagons to the arrival of power, they formulated celebrations for the trip of the head of Revvijskkradi L.D. Trotsky. Vin koristuvavsya with the hand of the Imperial train, including a garage-car, prompted in 1915 for the warehouse of Mikoli II. The carriage of the tsar's train, in yakom Shulgin in the birch 1917, took the place of Mikoli II:
Збільшит З сінця 1920-х рр. and until the other half of the 1930s. in Peterhof in the Oleksandriya park, within the framework of the exhibition dedicated to the emperor's family, 2 carriages were presented with an exhibition, showing the message of Mikoli II. A couple of them entered the saloon car, in Yaku 2 birch 1917 Mykola II signed his name. The share of all rosy royal carriages was not big. A great part of it has been drawn into the fires of the Hromadyanskoy War. The carriages were gone in 1941, and this year in the territory of the Russian Federation there was no need to save money from the official emperor's trips. However, our friends, in the Museum of Zaliznichny Transport Suomi, exhibit three carriages from one emperor's warehouse. Deyakі memorial speeches, which were known in the tsar's wagons, were protected by the funds of the Peterhof Museum-Reserve

Mіzh іnshim in 1915-1917 the rock of the Imperial trip became one of the permanent residences of the Remaining Russian Emperor. Before the warehouse of the train, he entered a saloon car, in which 2 birch 1917 Mykola II signed his name. Having rummaged in the framing, I know what the materials were about those who were looking at and who imagined VIP-trips quietly for hours. The rulers loved and appreciated trips, and they saw chimali kosti for the region. Yak at once :)

In order to encourage the Imperial trips, the Budivelny Committee, with the utmost care for the progress of the inspections of the Imperial trips.
At the leaf fall of 1889, the principle of the decision about the distribution of a prestigious replacement at the Oleksandrivskyi Mechanical Plant of Mykolaivsky Zaliznytsia was adopted. At the Oleksandrivs'kyi Zavod, the sporud of the seven-car warehouse, the train of the Bula was completed before the cruel 1896 fate. However, during the first trips, there was a lack of seven carriages. As a result, two carriages were prompted already in the main lines of St. Petersburg-Warsaw railways, and the third buoy of innovations caused a great collapse.

Already in the course of the forthcoming trip for the emperor's foreign trips, the decision was taken to make the trip and for the internal trips of the royal family. For the whole, the procedure of changing the skates of the overseas line of 1435 mm to the Russian line of 1524 mm was broken up.

A collection of skatvs took up to 3 years on a leather wagon. Tobto those who can "reload" the entire warehouse, it took up to three dib. In extreme cases, the out-of-the-box robots contributed to the 18th anniversary. To speed up the process, a special carriage was installed at the near-cordon station of Verzhbolovo in 1903. Winning skarbnytsi in 206 yew. Rub.

The wagons in the warehouse were transferred to the warehouse in the following rank:

V the first car- power station with service personnel.
another car- luggage.
third car from the compartment of the first and of the other class priznachavya for the service.
V fourth car in seven compartments the first individuals of the royal retinue were roasted.
p'yati wagon on the 6th compartment they occupied the minister of the Imperial court, the commander of the head emperor's apartment, the head of the guard, the chief marshal, the life-medic, one compartment was reserved.
shoest car, Also on the 6th compartment, - ladies'. Two compartments of great princes. Two single compartments were designated for maids of honor. In the two-piece compartment, the Empress's maid went. Shost coupe was designated for the maid of honor. Equal to the comfort in the whole carriage by transferring a special toilet room in the skin compartment of the great-princely compartments and one more sleeping toilet for the maids of honor and their attendants.
Sjomy wagon calling himself grand-ducal. Vіn buv rosrakhovaniya for 5 compartment. The first of them was recognized for the decay-prince-tsarevich Mikoli Oleksandrovich, the maybut emperor Mikoli II. Another ambiguous compartment was designated for the young Grand Duke Mikhail Oleksandrovich and his tutor. The third compartment has another king's name - Grand Duke Georgiy Oleksandrovich. The carriage has two toilets.
Two offensive carriages were named imperators.
eight car- bedrooms. The bedchamber of the Emperor was lined with sap'yan. The skin bedroom is small three windows. The bedroom of the Emperor has a boule style, a sofa, a small dressing table, understaffs on the walls and a washstand. In case of a skin bedroom there is a toilet room. The interior of the emperor and the empress was developed according to the style of the design. There was a wardrobe near the rest of the carriages, and there were two compartments for the valet of the Emperor and for the chambers of the Emperor. A steam boiler is used for burning a car in a new building.
V to the ninth car the imperial salon and the working office of the tsar were in the process of developing.
V tenth car passed the Imperatorska Dalnya, the wine was served for three times: a table, a snack bar and a buffet. Tsimi chotirma with 10 train cars (bedchamber, salon, childish, and grand-ducal), which is presented with a special cut of obrobka, only members of the royal family were crushed.
Two confining warehouse wagons - gospodarski.
V to the eleventh car The kitchen was developed, it was also stored in three items: kitchen, buffet and food for food.
V twelfth carriage the other class has a compartment for 4 cooks and 4 officers, as well as 14 sleeping rooms for servants and 6 nights for cossacks. The whole car will be provided with insurance for 32 bedrooms with one toilet.
P.S. There will be another carriage, which will be victorious as a church. Kudi without her ...

The axis, before the speech, is also a tsikaviy fact. Illumination. Infection for us is simple and simple. It is not possible to navigate, as the warehouse of the train is hanging.
At the same time, at the same time, you can spare the place, transferred to the warehouse with only candles and to do without electric lighting. Then I saw the option of gas illumination (I don’t have to invest in my head), but the people who were working on the trip were using electric illumination. The leather compartment had 1-2 svitniks in the modern style.

Installed lamps for ignition at 8, 16 and 25, the plug is skin-friendly at a load of 50 volts; on the type of vehicle in the carriage-kitchen, the accumulator battery was used, and the battery was not visible during the whole trip for 3 years. All in all there were 200 pieces of electric lamps in the trip. At the afternoon of the day, the light in the carriage has passed through the bed linens of the windows.

They beat the bells and whistles. Neymovirno, ale mіzh usіma wagons mounted the telephone border. All carriages will have phones from Siemens and Galske Power Systems with a sink on the back phone box, screw it to the wall. Formerly, they replaced Erikson's phones with speaking and hearing shells on one portable tripod.

The Emperor's bedchamber ...

The walls of the cabin of Yogo Greatness are chipped with a dark olive color in a screed, and the stele - with planks of red polished wood.

Applying the baths, the bulo was covered with a water-holed mat. The bathtub itself was prepared in Paris from bimetal, the last side of the її was prepared from the leaves of the media, and the insha was made from the middle of the bathtub - from the middle. Above the bathtub there is a bouv of souls.

Apartments Її Greatness boulevards may also be as large as a cabinet of Yogo Greatness, with the same amount of money, so you can replace skirts for making the walls and furniture stashed in English creton of black-green color.

Їfar. Marvelously "unpretentious".

Tsi vusa ...

I am amazed at everything, and I do not believe that all the middle trips are going. I want to go one day by the Emperor and go for a ride.

There can be a lot of growth. Ale the post is not gummy, that be it to the end of the day after reading it. Axis kitchen. Traditionally a samovar. Cooked on the wood, varto vvazhati.

Pislya Mikoli II in the birch 1917, the fate of his trip was held out to the vicarists by the ministers of the Timchasov district. For the arrival of the bolsheviks from the emperor's wagons, they formulated the celebrations for the trip of the head of the Revvijskradi LD Trotsky. Winning with the help of the Emperor's train, including the garage-wagon, was motivated in 1915 by the staff for the Mykoli II warehouse.

The share of all rosy royal carriages was not big. The great part of the Bula has been drawn into the fires of the Hromadyanskoy War. The wagons went out of business in 1941, and this year on the territory of Russia there was no need to save time from the imperial trips ...