Shidne uzbezhzhya Atlantic Ocean. Hiking named oceans

part of the Svitovoy ocean, surrounded by Europe and Africa from the outset and the Old and New America from the sunset. Its name is imovirno to resemble from the Atlantean mountains to the mountains of Africa, or from the mythical bending continent of Atlantis.

The Atlantic Ocean is sacrificing for the size of the Pacific; this area becomes approximately 91.56 million km2. From the other oceans of the last year, the coastal line is very rugged, which confirms the number of seas and inflows, especially in the private part. In addition, the total area of ​​the basin is a rychok, which falls into the whole ocean anyway outskirts of the sea Much more, lower at the rychok, so they fall into whatever ocean. In the same view of the Atlantic Ocean, there is an altogether small number of islands and foldable bottom relief, as well as on the submarine ridges and uplifts that create a lifeless environment.
PIVNICHNA CHASTINA ATLANTIC OCEANU
Between that coastal line. The Atlantic Ocean extends into private and private parts, and between them is cleverly defined according to the rules. From the oceanographic point of view, however, up to the part of the ocean, there will be an equatorial protec- tion, which will be removed at 5-8V ° Mon. latitude. Pivnichnaya mezvichay is carried out according to Pivnichnoe Polar stake. Mysciami tsya between them is designated by sub-water ridges. Near the Pivnichniy Pivkul, the Atlantic Ocean is heavily crumbling along the coastline. Yogo vuzka pivnichna part is located with the Pivnichny Ldovitim ocean in three narrow channels. On the pivnichny descent of the Devis channel, 360 km wide (at the latitude of the Pivnichny Polar Stake), across the Buffin Sea, it lies to the Pivnichny Ice Ocean. Near the central part, between Greenland and Iceland, there is a Danish channel with a width of 287 km in the sea. Nareshty, on the winter descent, between Iceland and Norway, grows into the Norwegian sea with a width of bl. 1220 km. At the descent of the Atlantic Ocean, two are cut off into the land of the aquatorium. Most of them are to be repaired by the Pivnich Sea, as they cross at the Baltic Sea to the Botnian and Finnish inlets. Півdenніше є system of internal continental seas - Seredzemny and Chornoye - beyond the bl. 4000 km The Gibraltarskiy prototypes, which have an ocean with the Middle-Earth Sea, є one after two other proto-straightened leaks. More low position of the loan Midland Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, some of the Middle Sea waters and more intensive vaping from the surface are characterized by greater salinity, and also more brilliant. V tropical belt on the first sunset of the Pivnichnaya Atlantic, the Caribbean Sea and the Mexican inflow, where the Floridi canal is located across the ocean. uzberezhzha Wine of America porizan of small inflows (Pamliko, Barnegat, Chesapikska, Delaware and the Long Island channel); on the first visit there are inflows of Fund and St. Lawrence, Bell Isle Channel, Hudson Channel and Hudson Channel.
Islands. Naybilshi islands in the private part of the ocean; Central British Islands, Iceland, Newfoundland, Cuba, Haiti (Espanyola) and Puerto Rico. There are several groups of small islands - Azorski, Kanarski, Zelenyi Misu on the outskirts of the Atlantic Ocean. More groups in the western part of the ocean. Yak butt can be used in the Bahamsk Islands, Florida Kis and Mali Antilski. The archipelagos of the Great and Malikh of the Antilles are setting up an island arc, now a part of the Caribbean Sea. In the Pacific Ocean, some sharp arcs are characteristic of areas of earth measles deformation. Glybokovodnі zholobi grow out of the lumpy side of the arc.
Bottom relief. The west of the Atlantic Ocean will be provided with a shelf, the width of which will vary. Shelf rises through gorges - t.v. underwater canyoni. Їх podrodzhennya dosi wiklikє supercircuits. It is one theory that the canyoni boules are sprinkled with small rivulets, since the ocean is just lower than the current one. Іnsha theory po'vyazu їх formulation with the range of punctuated leaks. The drooped float, which turbidity leaks, is the main agent, which is the main agent of the deposition of sediments on the bottom of the ocean and that the stench itself breaks through underwater canyons. The bottom of the private part of the Atlantic Ocean can be easily reconfigured for relief, statements on sub-water ridges, visochin, valleys and gorges. There is a large part of the ocean floor, about 60 m from the mountain and to the decile kilometers, covered with thin mulistic inserts of a dark blue or blakite green color. An altogether small area is occupied by skelny outlets and dilens of gravel-pebble and pebbled clays, as well as glide-water worm clays. On the shelf in the private part of the Atlantic Ocean, telephone and telegraph cables have been laid to connect Pivnichnaya America with Pivnichno-Western Europe. Immediately to the area of ​​the Indian-Atlantic shelf, confined to the areas of industrial ribalism, it is possible to be referred to the number of the most productive in the world. At the central part of the Atlantic Ocean pass, mayzhe repetitive lines of coastal lines, majestic underwater girskiy lantsyug dovzhinoy bl. 16 yew. Km, see the name of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The whole ridge stretches the ocean for two approximately equal parts. A large part of the peaks of the tsi sub-water ridge is not accessible to the surface of the ocean and is located at a depth of at least 1.5 km. Some of the most high peaks rise above the ocean and set up islands - Azores in the Pivnichniy Atlantic and Tristan da Cunya - in Pivdenniy. On the private ridge of the Uzbek coast of Africa Indian Ocean... The Uzdovzh axis of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge stretches across the rift zone.
Tech. surface leaks in the private part of the Atlantic Ocean collapses behind the year's arrow. The main elements of the great system є are direct to pivnich heat leak Golfstrom, as well as Pivnichno-Atlantichny, Kanarska and Pivnichne pasatni (Equatorial) flows. Golfstrom slid from the Florida Channel and Cuba Island in the northwestern corner of the Uzbek coast of the United States at approximately 40 ° N latitude. go to the pivnichny skid, I will call it the pivnichno-Atlantic stretch. The current flow is divided into two heads, one of which goes to the winter circuit of the coastlines of Norway and the distance to the Pivnichny Ice ocean... The founders of the Norwegian climate and all of the European and Eastern European countries are much warmer, less can be found in latitudes similar to the region, which will drag on from the New Scotland to the Summer. Another gilka turned for a week and a distance to the western end of the coast of Africa, the Kanarska current is still cold. The current flow collapses into the wintertime and goes down to the Pivnichnyy Passatnoy current, like direct to the west near the West Indies, de and get angry with the Golfstrom. At the beginning of the Pivnichny Passate Current there is an area of ​​stagnant waters, abundant in algae and in the name of the Sargasso Sea. The frontier of the Pivnichno-Atlantic Uzbek coast of Pivnichnaya America for the first time passes the cold Labradorska in a stretch, viplivay from the Buffin outlets and the Labrador Sea and the cold-water coast of the New England.
PIVDENNA PART OF THE ATLANTIC OCEAN
Between that coastal line. Deyakі fakhіvtsі carry to the Atlantic Ocean on the whole water expanse up to the Antarctic ice cover; They take a clear line for the new Atlantic cordon, which is how they got Ms. Horn in Pivdenniy America with the Mes of Good Nadia in Africa. The coastal line in the first part of the Atlantic Ocean is significantly less porous, lower near the winter, here it is also internal seas, Behind the inflow into the ocean could penetrate into the depths of the continents of Africa and Of America... Let's share a great flow on the African Uzbek є Guineyska. There are also innumerable inflows on the Uzbek coast of America. The very first edge of the tsiy continent - Vognyana Zemlya - grows along the coastline, lined with numerous other islands.
Islands. great islands In the early part of the Atlantic Ocean there is no, however, there are some islands, such as Fernando de Noronia, Voznesinnya, Sao Paulo, St. Sandwich, Pivdenny Orkney, Falkland Islands.
Bottom relief. Across the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, in the Pivdenniy Atlantic, there are two main sub-water girders. The whale ridge stretches across the ancient-western edge of Angola to about. Tristan da Cunya, de vin z'єnutsya s Mid-Atlantic. The Rio de Janeiro ridge stretches from the islands of Tristan da Cunha to the place of Rio de Janeiro and is a group of submarines.
Tech. The main systems of leaks in the early part of the Atlantic Ocean collapse against the old days. Pivdenna Pasatna is directed towards the west. Have a whistupu shidny uzberezhzh Brazil won’t be able to go on two flights: it’s on the winds of the western coast of America to the Caribbean, and in winter, it is warmer Brazilian stretching, to fall on the winds of the Antarctic coast to pіvnіchny skіd. A part of this cold current is coming to the end and not all of your lead to the pivnich of the African Uzbeks, making the cold Benguela stretch; We will stay at the end of the day to come to the Pivdenny Passatna leak. Warmly Guinea's stretch collapses on the first day of the coasts of Pivnichno-Western Africa in Guineyska Zatoka.
LITERATURE
Atlas of oceans. T. 2. Atlantic and Indian oceans. L., 1977 Geography of the Holy Ocean: Atlantic Ocean. L., 1984

Yakogo is described below, - the warehouse of the Svitovoy Ocean. Tse one of the 4 great waters of the planet. Behind the greatness will come to another place, to the Quiet. The area of ​​water is 92 million square kilometers, 25% of all waters of the planet fall on it. Right off the bat, the ocean flanks Eurasia and Africa, in the past - Pivdenna and Pivnichna America, on the surface of the Atlantic, the distance to Antarctica. The average depth to the ocean is 3,500 km, and the maximum is 8,742 m (see the article about the Puerto Riko jugs).

Atlantic Ocean - geographic location

Aquatoria stretches from the original part of the Earth to the ancient region, overturning the subarctic and antarctic latitudes. V extreme points the ocean є to reach wide and wide, at that hour the yak, reaching the eqvor, its length changes up to 2,900 km. Mis Golkovy is a cordon between the Atlantic and Indian oceans, and Mis Girskiy is responsible for the description of the Pacific Ocean.

Hiking, name the ocean

Description of the Atlantic Ocean since then. Having established a fault in the result of breaking the long-standing from the broken parts of such a victorious continent. The name of the ocean will most often connect with Atlantis - an ancient mythical island, which has passed the water for a thousand years, in the whole ocean. Another option is to name it resemble from (Africa).

Ocean bottom

The coastal line of the Atlantic is even more porous, and there is a small number of rivulets that flow into the ocean or the sea, on the way more, below the waters of the great ones. In general, they have a special feature, as they lead the ocean from all of them. A unique bottom, which is even more foldable for morphological factors, such as the Atlantic Ocean. Geographic location easily explaining the fact. Along the whole ocean, at 16,000 km, stretching the Mid-Atlantic ridge. seismic active zone s nestykoy earth crust... Some of the volcanoes of the ridge run up to the surface. With the help of such statements є islands of Iceland. A never-ending manifestation for the bottom - ugovini, middle glybin yachts are close to 5-7 yew. m. The maximum shape is suitable for the shape of the profile - Pivnichno-American, and the height is 8,742 m. The bottom is covered with silt, in the main foraminiferous. Closer to the continents of the mulista, the surface is moved by the terrigenous attachments: galts, gravel and sand. The bottom of the most common ugolovins is represented by red clays.

climat

versatility climatic minds to the ocean, the length of the first day to the skid. I’ll grab everything climatic belts- from cold Antarctic to hot equatorial. The temperature of the Atlantic Ocean suffers a strong inflow from the side of the Pivnichno-Ice Waters. Bilya coast of Pivnichnoy America, not far from Florida, the greatest warmth of the current - Golfstrom will arise. The width of the yogo is 75 km, the depth to the stream is 700 m. Average temperature- 26 degrees at zero.

leaks

Regardless of the territory, there is a change in the speed of the current. In the central regions, the ocean won to become 6 m / s. The maximum flow rate is 30 m / s. At the winter descent of Gulfstrom, enter the Pivnichno-Atlantichny with a stretch, yak, into your own room, subdivide into two streams. One of them is within reach of the shores of Norway, pummeling on the cich territories of warmths, non-power zones, climates, and the other - "zgortau" і walk through Africa in the cold Canary Plains. At first, it flows into Pivnichne passatna, and the rest, in its own circle, adjoins to Golfstrom. All the stench of entering the Atlantic Ocean basin. In such a rank, to go, how the current in the described aquatorium collapses behind the year-old arrow, cold warms and navpaki change coldly.

The bridle of the Atlantic Uzbek coast of Pivnichnoy America is passing cold Labrador stretching, puffy and cold and Greenland. At the same time, devilishly stuck with Gulfstream, the "Newfoundland barrel" is established, at the top of which there is an ideal place for the propagation of microorganisms. At the same time, the Ribnius was promiscuous for a videotape of sediment, salmon and trisky.

Islands

There are not many islands like the Atlantic Ocean. Geographical position, I know, I will explain everything. The stench is presented in the main one by one and appears to be a small territory. Let's take a vinaigation є Greenland, the yak roamed on the cordon between the Atlantic and the Pivnichno-Icelandic ocean, as well as Iceland. great atlantic islands- O. Holy Martyr, Fr. Sao Paulo, about. Bouvet, oh. Voznesinnya, Falklands Islands and In. In the first part of the ocean, there is a wider phenomenon - atoli (coral territory).

Fauna and flora

The fauna is represented by a single species warehouse, especially in the outskirts of water. Pool of the Atlantic Ocean can be "boasted" great number bi-blooded pikes. Whales, seals and seals... The flora is represented by a great number of versatile algae - sargass. The stench to naviut the Sargas sea of ​​the coast of Pivnichnaya America, you can see it out of space.

WHAT IS THE OCEANS THAT CALLED THAT?
The entire history of the emergence, the past and the development of the Holy Ocean is depicted in geographic names. The very same tsіkavo prokhodzhennya names okremikh oceans, sea, inflow, channel, etc.

"Atlantic Ocean"
Formerly, the name of the Sea Atlantis is created in the ancestors of the ancient Greek historian Herodotus (V century BC). Name the camping trip with the myth about the titan Atlanta (Atlas), which is borne on the shoulders of the heavenly crypt. The Greeks esteemed that on the west side of the Sered-land Sea there was the edge of the Earth, which was worth a giant. So scho the name literally meant "the sea beyond the Atlas mountains." The Greeks have become nazivati ​​yogo then
Called by the sea, then Wandering, then Pivnichny. Roman historian Pliniy the Elder (1st century BC) will name it Oceanus Atlantikus - the Atlantic Ocean. Formerly, the name of the Atlantic Ocean appears on Waldseemuler's maps 1507 r remote ocean, The sea beyond the Heraclovian Stops, The Sea of ​​Happiness, the Atlantic.

« Pacific Ocean»
The first Europez, who has thrown the Pacific Ocean, the Buv Spanish conquistador Vasco Nunєs de Balboa. In 1513, rotsi win overturning the Panama Isthmus and pushing a new water space, like calling the Pivdenny Sea - Mar del Sur - on the opposite side of the Pivnichnaya Sea - Mar del Norte, tobto the Atlantic Ocean, which Balboa overflowing over
yourself on pivnich. Through a few rockies, in 1520-1521 rr., Fernand Magellan flew the Pacific Ocean from the Flame of the Earth to the Philippine Islands, and for a hundred days sailing without being conceited of the same storm - the ocean was late, and this was called the Pacific Magellan. U 1756
m French geographer Philip Buash proponuvav to give the ocean a new name - Great, so as the price is the most oceans. Name offense - Quiet and Great - have established themselves in geography, alias Quiet Big Life.

"Indian Ocean"
Ancient Greeks called this part of the ocean the Eritrean Sea, the Holy Sea, the Azanian Sea (Azania is a long-standing Greek name for the skid coast of Africa). The IV Art. BC That is, Oleksandr the Great has the name Indikon Pelagos - the Indian Sea, and in the 1st Art. BC at the Roman poached Plinia - Oceanus Orientalis indicus - Eastern Indian Ocean (in the direction of Zakhidny - Atlantic). The first European, like overflowing the Indian Ocean along the highway from Europe to the Indian (1497-1498 pp.), Buv Portuguese mandrivnik Vasco da Gama.

"Pivnichny Ice Ocean"
Dawnoruska is called a part of the ocean - Studenė Sea. yak
an independent ocean ahead of visions on European map XVII Art. under the name Hyperborean Ocean (from the Greek.hyper - over, over, on the name of the god of the winter winds of Borea; such a rank means Extreme pivnichny ocean). In the same period, they got used to the name of the Magician Glasiale - Lodovite the Sea and Oceanus Septentrionalis -
Pivnichny ocean. At the Russian dzherelakh XVII-XVIII centuries. zustrіchaєmo Sea ocean, Lodovite sea, Pivnichny ocean and ін. In the XIX century. v Zakhidniy Europe got used to the name of the Arctic Ocean (Arctic Ocean). In 1935, the name of the Pivnichny Lydovitiy Ocean was established, first enter into cob XIX v. Russian vcheny and seafarer F.P. Litke.