Gostinny dvіr earlier buv derev'yaniy. Great Gostinniy Dvir. Metro station "Gostinniy dvir"

The virtual courtyard is healthy, without any attributes of the great Russian cities. Ale scho also “gostinniy dvir” and why should we be called that? First, for everything, nagadaєmo, the old Russian word "guest" has little meaning as a matter of fact. The guest is a merchant, seller, trader.

There were not only shops with retail goods near the budget of the Gostiny Dvor, but also a supply for the guests, restaurants, taverns, inns, hotels, banks, kav'yarni, pledges.

Until the current year for in St. Petersburg the Gostinniy Dvir:

• Novy, rozstasovaniye on Vasilivsky Ostrov;
• Apraksin Dvir і Nikolskiy Ryadi on Sadoviy Vulytsia;
• Great Gostinniy Dvir - to become famous.

First Gostinniy Dvir of St. Petersburg

The first European courtyards appeared in one hour from the fall asleep of the place. One of them is located at Troitskiy Square, approximately there, deceptively - the State Museum of Political History of Russia.The time of the rise was woody and grew up in 1710 r Already in 1712-13 rr, they replaced the new one with a two-topped awakening, brushed with tiles. On the first version there are boules of stalls, on the other - a store of goods. Also, on the territory of the Gostiny Dvor, the city hall, the meeting room, the birzha, the "auction chamber" were located. In 1737, the trade in the whole complex of the bulwark was attached and it became a warehouse of the European ammunition.

Vitalny courtyards of St. Petersburg in the XVIII-XIX centuries

At the 18th century on the territory of St. Petersburg, Bulo was prompted by a small number of vitaly dvorov early hour dementia pozhezhy. We took the decision to build such a complex with a stone.

The architect Domeniko Trezzini started to build the Great Kam'yanny trading yard on Vasylivsky Island in 1722, it was 13 years old, it was a warehouse for export goods and was called a port. There was no rozdrіbnykh kramnitsy there, more trade in new was of a wholesale nature. Until now, a part has gone from the first building to the opening of the gallery.

Pislya pozhezhi, which became in 1780 r and made all the wood shops, roztashovani on Nevsky, on Sadovy street, the Apraksin yard and Nikolsky row were ringing. On the ear of the 19th century, the boule was prompted by the New Guest House on Vasilivsky Island. One of the faculties of the St. Petersburg State University is in the first place.

In the middle of the 19th century, the Passage trade complex was held. Yogo basis is a skrizna gallery, which is located on Nevsky Prospekt from the Italian street and overlapping the door from the skla. There are a lot of shops and banks here, there are hotels, kav'yarni, billiards, panoramas, izni maisterni, museums: wax figures and anatomical ones.

Great Gostinniy Dvir

In the 30s of the 18th century, an epic reigned in Veliky Gostiny Dvor. The merchant's shops from the tree, like boules of knowledge, were gone. The first project, created by the architect Antonio Rinaldi, was ready until the end of the 1740s, but through the lack of finance, they took the simple one - the architect Jean-Batest Wallen-Delamot. It became tse in 1761, ale residual viglyad Velikiy Gostinniy dvir received in 1785.

To get started, I’ll be awake with stone and hair. The Great Gostinniy Dvir has been re-energized several times, but in the main it has been an uninhibited viglyad. The reconstruction was completed in 1967. Todi went to the metro station, from the lobby you can go to the Nevsky and Sadovaya line.

The Gostinny Dvir and Passage, which used to be not only the main shopping centers, but one of the most significant monuments of St. Petersburg head street- Nevsky Prospect.

Gostinniy dvir is the oldest trade enterprise of St. Petersburg, history of which is tied to bagatma important steps Pivnichniy capital. The Gostinny Dvir is a memorial of architecture, which is known as the guard of the state, and is one of the symbols of the place on the Neva.

How can I explain the saving and prosperity of the old-fashioned enterprise, conducting trade for 200 years, do not marvel at all the vicissitudes of life? The idea is simple - the process of growing in the very center of St. Petersburg and the great popularity of tourists, architecture and history, is tied to the names of various specialties.

Addresses of Gostiny Dvor

St. Petersburg, Nevsky prospect 35

Gostinny dvir - yak dstatsya

In 1885-1886, the project of the architect and artist Albert Mykolayovich Benois, the facade was revived, as a result, a lipnina and sculpture appeared, and a dome was erected over the head building.

Folklore instantly revisited the glorious classical view of the facade of the Gostiny Dvor, calling it unceremoniously involved in the architect's idea "Benuyovska pererobki". Just before the hour of the reconstruction of the facade of the building of the first viglyad.

The Gostinny Dvir in St. Petersburg is not only a center of trade, a majestic flow of goods and services, ale and a mix of events and spilkuvannya. You will be pleased with the Svyatkova setting, concerts and circus shows, contests and shows.

Coordinates: 59 ° 56'03 "Mon. lat. 30 ° 19'56" E d ... Vіkіpedіya

The data in the whole statti is indicated by the camp for Berezen 2011. You can help ... Vіkіpedіya

The list of the meaning of the word abo words

The Gostinniy Dvir is traditionally named after the two-topped, one-to-three-topped, in Russia. Preserved until our hour. XIX centuries, Often busy mіskoї ... ... Vіkіpedіya

Tsey term is also one of the meanings of div. Gostinniy dvir (meaning). Gostinniy dvir (from the word guest) (among the common peoples, the bazaar) is a complex of Budivel, which needs services for the wholesale trade in goods and the living of merchants ... ... Vikipedia

Gostinniy dvir- "View of the Gostiny Dvor in Petersburg". "View of the Gostiny Dvor in Petersburg". Engraving by T. Molthorn after J. Hirn's little piece. 1790. Gostinniy Dvir (Nevsky Prospect, 35), the largest trade enterprise in Leningrad. The first Gostinniy dvir, which was formed ... Encyclopedic assistant "Saint Petersburg"

- (St. Petersburg, Petrograd, Peter [In the stats, there is a change from St. Petersburg to the speedy approval: St. Petersburg І Pb.] The capital of Russia and the residence of the Russian Imperial House. ... encyclopedic vocabulary F. Brockhaus і І.А. Efron

1. (Nevsky prospect, 35), the largest trade enterprise in Leningrad. Pershiy G. d., Yakiy formed from empty wooden shops, appearing in 1705 on Miskiy Island (in the area of ​​the current Revolution Square); zgoriv at 1710. At 1713 at ... Saint Petersburg (encyclopedia)

Power "Leningrad" will be redirected here; see also інші values. Energize "Petrograd" to be redirected here; see also інші meanings. The word “ Saint Petersburg»Є y іnshі value: see St. Petersburg (value). City of federal ... ...

books

• Catalog for the store of spiritual and інshih books І. L. Tuzova ,. Catalog for the store of spiritual and інshih books І. L. Tuzova. (Appointed in 1874 roci). Near St. Petersburg, Sadov, Gostinniy Dvir, 45. Made in the original author's spelling of 1893 ...

Rozmir (area for rent) shopping center: 78,000 sq. m
Vlasnik shopping center "Veliky Gostinniy Dvir": WAT "Veliky Gostinniy Dvir"

Christmas on a different version of the Nevsky Line "Gostiny Dvor" Pratsyuє Edin in St. Petersburg The Gallery of the Visokoi Modi, de performances of clothes of fashionable buddies, of all kinds: Christian Lacroix, D & G, Smalto, Given Ferre, M. Milano Just Cavalli, Kenzo and a lot of them.

Cholovichy and childish odyag, whipped up for the middle class, accessories, comrade for the house and inter'yru, comrade for artists and photographs, books and paperwork-kreidian comrades, musical instruments and records. Drawings and crockery earthly coo... Russian promisli and jewelery virobi. Theatrical kasi, kits, malt and alcoholic drinks. It is important to say that it’s not good, it’s hard to know in the "Gostiny Dvor".

ATM machines, photo masters, graviruvannya, photocopying, pharmacy and optics, cafes, beauty salon, optics, tour packages, repair clothes that swirl, sew curtains and baguette masternia. In a word, if you don't have a meal with a native Petersburger, you should go to the “Gostinniy Dvir”. Worry about yourself, if you have a heel at the entrance to the confectionery "Metropol", which is on Sadoviy Vulytsia.

Near this magnificent booth, prompted at the borders of two capitals - XVIII and XIX - chotiri addresses, which with its facades have to go on two streets and two provinces. prowl wear name old- Ribniy і Krishtaleviy, persh at the їkh mіstsі went to trade in riba that slope. And the streets were called Ilyinkov and Varvarka; the stench of navazhlivіy shopping and dіlovym centers і didn’t waste their value і in our hour. The famous Varvarka knew her name in honor of the temple, built in the name of St. Barbara - the patroness of trade - in the most living part of the city on the ear of the 16th century by the Italian architect Aloviz Fryazino.

Territory, de roztashaniyu Old gostinniy dvir, became important center Moscow trade already in the 15th century, since merchants were ruled there, they used to trade on the territory of the Kremlin. Forward about the sitting-room courtyard of Sigizmund von Herberstein, the colishnas in Moscow in 1517 and 1526 rocks: "Not far are the great fortresses, the walls of the houses, the titles of the courtyard of the gentlemen of the merchants, in which merchants live and save their comrades."

The Gostinniy Dvir was built in the middle of the 16th century during the reign of Ivan the Terrible. For the well-being of the Sovereign, the merchants were resettled to Kitay-Misto from Moscow. A small number of the local row of boules derev'yani, albeit in 1595, were replaced by kam'yani and stayed in 1638-41 rock. Rizni monasteries here were rendered as tsar's gifts of land dilyanka for the establishment of their sub-houses. Bagato merchants were rented in the ciches of the shops and in the komori.

Three of the trade turnovers of the hotel courtyard once again became narrow, and in 1661-65 it was expanded towards Varvark (in fact, another hotel courtyard was built on the order). The business was held by the capital of the wealthy merchant Averki Kirilov (the first chamber was protected on the right birch of the Moscow River on the Bersenevskaya embankment).

birzhova square

In 1737 he took a spree in Moscow "Chervony Piven". Vіn not obіyshov і Gostinniy Dvir, a number of vigorіli. Whilst at that hour all the time there was a need for new weekends for the distribution of goods of rich merchants, and they arrived to the capital from the best times of the country. As it’s not so bad in Russia, it’s not happy, but it didn’t often help ... 1786 by sending the decree of Katerini II "On the issue of the Kamyan Gostiny Dvor as a place for many incomes on the market for consumers". Katerina paused for a while, “the living room is sold in parts to buyers from the crops, to buy new ones in the same square”. In Moscow, the architect S.A. Karin has put together a draft of messages to St. Petersburg, but in 1789, they sent an Imperial grandeur well done by the architect Gvarengi ": Empress Catherine II finished the project of the Gostiny Dvor in the boundaries of the great quarter, wrongly formed - in the gates of the streets of Illinka and Varvarka.

Tse buv miraculous idea of ​​a beautiful and rational organization of the quarter. I will look at the university of the street and the inevitability of transport, the author has rounded the kuti, meysternally inscribing wide descent into them.

The building of the building of entertainment from the old days of the building, and the building of Gostiny Dvor was trivial from 1791 to 1805 r.

Giacomo Quarengi is alive in St. Petersburg and did not go to the ground in China, which was not imagined in the planned plan of the city. Already in Moscow, the project of Kvarengi was completed by the architects Semyon Karin and Ivan Selekh. The stench prompted a closure around the perimeter of the awakening and adorned the gallery with half columns.

Quarenghi's project was given to small changes in the process of tying it up to a folding structure, besides, the Moscow architects S. A. Karin and I. A. Selikhov (led by MF Kazakov) did not strictly follow the final project, and the vlachniki were “greats everywhere and irresponsibly: one vivodiv offending the surface, the one who was the one who wanted to; They rocked the earth, so they missed it. " The budget was trivial from 1791 to 1805, as a result of building a building in the courtyard along the Іlyintsi with turns of the yogo into the provinces, as well as a part of the building along Varvarka. Budivl suffered from the beginning of 1812 to the rock, ale bulo was renewed and added in 1825-30 by O. I. Beauvais.

Near the Old Gostiny Dvor there were 760 kramnits, comor, plans. The leather merchant, having gotten off the mark, called for the future, having bought the earth and repairing his own spoilage. Some of them on the right went shvidko, but they didn’t sleep. The columns of the Corinthian style, projected by Quarenghi, were replaced by the colonies in the Tuscan style, the new styles did not come ... Near the Great Gostiny Dvor there are close to 100 columns, and moreover, a number of times are inscribed in each other. Mistsevst here is not correct, the difference in height between the streets, like the creep in 1841, reaching 8-10 fathoms.

Forgetting the quarter in the center of the city with one little booth, make it important. In 1805 r, when the rocky rock of the trivial state of affairs was going, the future was over. The saved part of the life with the upper right can be brought to some of the most glorious works of the mayter. The Gostinny Dvir inspires the povaga with a monumental viglyad, not endless columns of buds, which can be stretched across the bridle of the facade.

Varvarka. 1970 - 1979. View of the churches of Maxim Spovidnik and St. Varvara, the Kremlin and the Gostinniy dvir

The name of the Gostiny Dvor resembles the word "Guest" - this is how merchants were called in the old fashion when they were engaged in foreign and wholesale trade. Zapovzyatliv merchants hired "Maydan" lads - zazivav, like with a good product, for example, with a couple of choices on the road, they walked along Chervoniy square, advertising products.

Barbarian

Itself in the Gostiny Dvor in Moscow, the merchants came up with a general sale of surplus goods for reduced prices, as a practice all the time. And on the right there was so ... Once a knife dealer of the line at the end of the day on the street, and the first time the dealer of moles was asked to buy moles for a small penny. The izyum of the merchants is not needed, but the retailer does not come in and say: "Take, pan, surplus!" It was then that the merchant realized that it would be cheaper to sell surplus of fresh goods, and she embellished it with a vivisk "Sales of surplus at found prices". From the buyers it wasn’t buoyed up, but the merchant shvidko rozbagatіv. Zvidsi, before the speech, there was an order "best".

Soon enough, the discovery of the Kitaygorodsky merchant engulfed the whole of Moscow. There was an hour of special visions for a particular trade - one day per day, repaired from Fomin Weekly - the first week of Easter. "Zalishkovoi" feverishly fell ill to navigate the retail French shops in Kuznetsky Most, and one merchant vigorously in the trade in literary surplus, holding the sales of non-purchased books in his shop. True, they kindly laughed at him, and did not go into his business.

Gostinniy Dvir, 1968-1971. Old Gostinniy Dvir

Merchants from Moscow volodized the great humor, and sometimes you can run into a hot vishukana. For example, in the living rooms of the Gostiny Dvor, stinks were loved by those who had died in papir. They passed, I think, that they knew the purchase was ruined, they picked it up and went to the house, and the firemen, who spurred after them in a niche, came in unimportant drowning. Innocently: "We will have a chervony or greenery?" If a lyudin came to the marquee and fed, for example, blue cloth, a red cloth was immediately laid out in front of him because of the established housekeeping, and the goods were asked for. The victim went straight to the shop, then to the offensive, but it was repeated everywhere else. With a deep anguish, the buyer, I think, wins zbozhevoliv, having visited the Gostinniy Dvir with the purchase of cloth of the same color, or with empty hands. Well, the Moscow merchants weren't just joking. For example, if the buyer was thinking about buying all the proponations of the goods, they could just give it to their hearts, forgetting about the prestige of the company.

Tilka in 1923 underwent a comprehensive planned restoration of the Gostiny Dvor. Ale yak trade complex vіn ceased іsnuvati. The monument to the architecture was flooded with large numbers and small offices, install it. Yak mushrooms grew in pods, warehouses, temporary huts.

ribnium provulok

Since the end of 1995, the Uryad of Moscow has been actively reconstructing the Old Gostiny Dvor, as a result of which, becoming an architectural and historical monument and an embellishment of Moscow, it will be transformed into a lucky center.

Skladne zavdannya stood in front of the architects, who were instructed to complete the first viglyad of the Old Gostiny Dvor, fix it until the new hour. Close to 70% of the area was a little serious, and like the legacy, the walls of the colony, the crinkles were cracked. Ukrіpiti foundation, virіsіtіsіnіy technіchnіchnі zavdannya entrusted to the awakeners of the corporation "Transbud". Wrapped up all the way through tunnels, bridges ...

The uniqueness of Gostiny Dvor is not only in the blame for the development, but in the eccentricity of the artistic solutions. The project has transformed, from one side, a retrofit restoration of a new vision of the future; Zagalna square complex - 81,600 m2, for rent - close to 47,401 m2. On the territory of the complex there will be a hotel - 15,000 m2, shops, restaurants, offices, warehouses, banks, a wide range of commercial activities.

In the otochennі linden columns, the crypt of the classical style looks like the paving granite of the inner courtyard - atrium, with an area of ​​about 12,000 m2. We will win over to the best for monuments of architecture in Europe, we will easily see them. Based on the functional designation of the inner yard space, overlap of the system and sigotanennya, klimatalogii, collection and water condensate. Yogo cyloric temperature - 18 ° C.

At the inner courtyard, it is planned to hold cultural and mass visits, child saints and festivals, organizing these saints of the world and foreign powers, international exhibitions and salons, concerts, shows, fashion shows, but there are a lot of shopping options available - there are many accept.