Both organic speech takes place in the central vacuole. Vacuoles and clerical sic
A large central vacuole is characteristic of a large mature clitin of roslin, which borrows up to 70-90% of the volume of clitin. At the same time, the protoplast grows with organelles at the sight of an even thinner, permanent ball, which whistles the wall. Permanent protoplasts develop other cytoplasmic vacuoles. Inodі core roztashovuutsya in the center of klіtini in nuclear cabbage cytoplasm, such as bandages with a permanent ball with thinned cytoplasmic strands, will cross the central vacuole.
Klіtinniy sіk is a water solution of small speeches, which are products of protoplast life, in the main, spare chasses and leaves. The reaction of the cinnamon juice is weakly acidic, but it is neutral, but not too much. Recognition, scho to enter to the warehouse of cinnamon juice, is superbly flexible. Ces in carbohydrates, proteins, organic acids and salts, amino acids, minerals, alkaloids, glucosides, tannins, pigments and іnshі roses in water spoluca. Most of them are referred to the group of ergastic rechovin - products in the metabolism of protoplast, which can appear and become known in the development period of the life of the client. Bagato rechovin wine juice is set only in the tall trees.
In the carbohydrate of roslin's juice, it is represented by monosaccharides (glucose, fructose), disaccharides (sucrose) and polysaccharides (slizu, inulin).
Glucose (grape zukor) and fructose (zukor fruit) accumulate in great numbers in juicy fruits. Sucrose (buryak tsukor) in great quantities accumulate in the root crops of tsukrovy beets and stems of tsukrovaya reeds. For a number of families of roslin (cactus, Tovstolist, orchidnі), it is characteristic to accumulate a slime in the clitine juice, so that the water is subdued. Inulin is a reserve polysaccharide, which is deposited at the eye of a coloidal rose in the juice of the underground organs in a foldable substitute for starch.
Bilki accumulate at the sight of the coloidal difference in the vacuoles of the cells to ripen today. When water is saturated at different stages of development, the water is seen from vacuoles, the concentration of the bottle in the juice of the juice is moving, and the wine is transferred to the camp of a solid gel. Vulnerable vacuoles are called healthy aleurone grains.
The organic acids in the most common juice are often citric, apple, burshtinov and oxalic. There is a great amount of acid in the juice of the immature fruits, giving it sour relish. When the fruits of organic acids are ripened, they can be vicious as a substratum, so the sour relish of the fruits will grow. Salts of organic acids together with mineral ions play a great role in osmotic processes.
Tannidi (tanning speech) - polymeric phenolic spices of tart relish. The stench may smell antiseptic power and seize fabrics of roselin from infection and decay. Especially rich in tannins, measles stems and roots (oak, willow), immature fruits (hairy mountains), leaves (tea) and some pathological growths - galls. Tannіdi vikoristovuyutsya in medicine, for tanning shkіri, farbuvannya textiles in dark brown color.
Alkaloids - promising in chemically altered nitrogen-containing organic speech, Shcho mighty girky relish. The stench of power may have to be found in the juice, as a rule, in the presence of salts. Bagato alkali-bearing dewlines are scrubbed and not consumed by herbaceous creatures. In cells that revenge alkaloids, super-spiders and rudiments of microorganisms do not develop, and the growths do not get mushroom and bacterial ailments. Particularly rich in alkaloids are representatives of the families of paslion, poppy, madder, Lyutikov and іn.
Glykozidi - a large group of natural riches, spoluks of candies with alcohols, aldehydes, phenols and other rhekovins. A number of roslin glucosides are used in medicine. To the glycosides, there is also a pigment of the cinnamon juice - flavonoids... Some of them - antotsiani- nadayut wine juice, blue or violet color; іnshі - flavoni- zhovty. Anthocyanins are associated with a baguette roslin barb. The range of gamma is summed up by the reaction of the clitine juice: if it is sour, then it is red, neutral - violet, with a slightly alkaline reaction - blue. At the opening ceremony of the infusion of anthocyanins, we will also cover complexes with small metals. Flavoni add zhovtiy kolіr pelyustok to a number of roslin.
The value of organic acids, tannides, alkaloids and glucosides in the clitine juice in the exchange of cells of clitine is insufficient. Earlier, they looked at how the products were exchanged. In this hour it has been shown that they can be involved in the metabolic processes and that they can be seen and how many words are available.
In addition to the function of accumulating spare speeches and exits, vacuoles in tall cells, there is one more important function - to create a turmoil. Concentration of ions and candies in the juice of the central vacuole, as a rule, food, not in the clinic; The tonoplast is meaningful for diffusion from the vacuoles of the spines and in the same hour it is easy to penetrate for water. That water will come to the vacuole. Such a single-straightening process of diffusion of water through a vibrating-penetrated membrane is called osmosis... come to clitinniy sik water to repair a vice on a permanent protoplast, and through a new one on a brick wall, viciously stressed, springy stan, abo turgor klitini. Turgor preserves the non-woody organs of the growth of the form and position in the open space, as well as the definition of mechanical factors.
If a clump is placed in the hypertonic range of any non-toxic salt or sugar (i.e., in the range of greater concentration, lower than the concentration of client juice), then an osmotic release is generated from the vacuole. As a result, the discussion will speed up, the protoplast, which is elastic to the permanent protoplast, will appear as a clitaine, turgor znika, infusion plasmolysis klitini ( Figure 2.9).
Small. 2.9. plasmolysis scheme: 1 - a bed in the camp of a turgoru; 2 - ear plasmolysis; 3 - secondary plasmolysis.
Plasmoliz zsvychay beastly. When the cells are attached to the water, or in a hypotonic range, the water again energetically clings to the central vacuole, the protoplast again cuddles to the cell’s wall, the turgor is renewed. Plasmolysis can serve as an indicator of a living cell, a dead cell does not plasmolize, since there are no vibro-penetrating membranes.
Vtrata torgoru wiklikє vyanennya roslini. When withering in the withers, in the minds of insufficient water supply, thin stinks wrinkle instantly with protoplast and become folded.
The turgor grip does not only adapt to the shape of the non-lignified parts of the roslin; spist clitin sales, T.E. Tvarine klin has a central vacuole for the day, whose growth is considered the head rank for the growth of cytoplasm, so the size of tvarine klin is less pronounced than the tall ones.
The central vacuole of the vine is the path of the zlittya of the abundant ancient vacuoles, such as in the meristematic (membranous) cells. Cytoplasmic vacuoles establish themselves, as they vvazayut, for the membrane of the endoplasmic hedgehog or the Golgi apparatus.
7.Vacuoli. Warehouse and power of wine juice. Osmotic vise, turgor and plasmolysis.
vacuoles- tse empty, surrounded by a membrane; good turns in the cells of the roselin and in the simplest ones. Winnicky in small dilyankas widened endoplasmic conditions. I step by step are seen from her. Vacuoles create a turgor grip, in them there is a growth of cells or vacuolar cis, molecules of which will start osmotic concentration. Vvazhaєtsya, scho the first products to the synthesis - products in carbohydrates, bіlki, pectin and іn. - accumulate in cisterns of endoplasmic hedgehogs. The purchase price is the rudiments of the maybut vacuoles. As a result of the exchange of speeches in roslinn_y klinі vacuoles are established - spaciousness, zapovneni by the rosette of different words - products of protoplast life. Tsey rozchin - clitinniy sik... Young cells have little juice, and vacuoles may look like small bulbs of a viscous coloidal character, but in the world of growing cells, they smell like growing, growing, getting angry one by one. One large vacuole is the only solution in the cells, and the cytoplasm is wrapped in a thin ball and grows permanently. Vacuole released from cytoplasm tonoplast.
Chemistry warehouse for wine juice strongly variyuє fallow in the form of growth. Great is the versatility of the chemists' speeches, which are seen from the growls and volodya by the politic authorities, to be in the juice of the wine. Klіtinniy sіk maє chastіche sour reaction.
Klіtinniy sіk revenge 2 groups of speeches: Products of the first exchange : In carbohydrates (mono- and disaccharides - glucose, fructose, sucrose), glucose, simple fatty acids, fats in glucose and fatty acids.
Secondary exchange products : glucoside clitinny juice - the preparation of deyaky zukrіv (partly glucose) with alcohols, aldehydes, phenols and other organic fluids. When the enzymes are injected, they quickly fall apart, the smell is not easily seen. We will explain the smells of tea, kawi, cocoa, tyutyunu, girchitsi, vanili. Prior to glycosides, the following words are used: amygdalin (in nasinnі migdalyu, apricot); saponin, which is vicoristy in the quality of the munchies (milnyanka); kumarini - in the leaves of burkunu and in; hearts of glucosidi - in foxglove leaves.
tanning speech(Tanini) - folding organic nitrogen-free with tart relish. May there be antiseptic power, how the growth of the growth is taken over by microorganisms. Widely expanded in roslinny light: In oak bark 10-20%, in tea leaves 15-20%, willow bark 9-13%, in persimmons, ivy, dogwood. Wickedness to get into medical yak knitting, in textile fabric for filling fabrics in a dark brown color, in shkіryanny fabrics for tanning skins.
alkaloids- nitrous salts of organic acids: malic, tartaric and in. Insecure in meadows, out in water. Settled in the little parts of the roslin: in the roots and leaves of belladon (atropin), in the poppy seeds and milk juice - papaverine, morphine, codeine; in the sheets of tyutyunu - nikotin; in bulbs cartoplі - solanin; in fly agaric - muscarin.
Widespread stagnation in medicine and to the Silk State; in small doses it stimulates the nerves of the centri, in the great - paralyzing. Chinin - against malaria, strychnin - stimulates myazovuyu performance; cocaine of illness, morphine of illness, morphine of illness; papaverine - sudinosilicidal; nikotin - vikoristovuyutsya in the Silskoy government for the fight against coma. Roslin, who revenge on alkaloids, grinds and does not become creatures. In cells, which revenge alkaloids, super-strands and rudiments of microorganisms do not develop, and the growths do not develop fungal and bacterial flora (this is the role).
Klіtinniy sіk bagatiy rіznymi organic acids: Yabluchna, Vinna, Shchavleva, Lemon, Burshtinova and In. Functions of developmental manners: take part in the process of dying, often identify the role of phytonicides and antibiotics, preying on the growth of fungi, viruses, bacterial anxiety, and smelling the summer relish
Widely broadened in the clitine juice of speech, homeland in carbohydrates - pectini... Easily gelatinous, pickled in the confectionery industry. In pharmacy - for preparing a number of lykarsky forms (like an emulsifier in emulsions, in pigulki - like a noisy component).
The cinnamon juice accumulates a lot of barvniki - pigments, Specific for the skin type of roslin. Most widespread anthocyanins are present in the presence of glucosides. It is always a matter of reactions, such as wine, in the wine juice with salts, tannins, acids, wine and doday in the wine juice. The extraordinary versatility of the barb for the roslin, and also the leaf is most often tied with anthocyanins. Chervony poppies, red heads of stables, blakitny and blue hyacinths, blue hairs - all are anthocyanins. Anthocyanins do not mix with chlorophyll, carotene, xanthophyll and other plastid pigments. If you are in a coma, anthocyan will grow out of cold temperatures, lusty short-light hvili. Anthochlor is produced in the juice of the juice (in the leaves of the macula, cow, flax, in citrus fruits).
Suttuvimi for the life of kritini є vіtamіni... The whole group of organic spoluks of the versatile chemistry nature of the roselinny, earlier than the foodstuff, is tightly bound with enzymes; shared in a group, based on their physiological approach to organism. Dividing into two groups: water-soluble (C, B) and rosin in fats (A, D, E). The greatest amount of vitamins is indicated in the leaves, ripe fruits, roots. Deyakі (E) take revenge in the embryos of today, іnshі (D) - in the germination of nasіnnі.
The minimum dosage is necessary for the normal living of the roses themselves (for the growth of growth, regulation of the response, exchange of words, etc.).
The protoplast of the growing clitine viroblya also has a special group of words, which will be in power to support physiological processes. I call such speeches phytohormones... Installed phytohormoni, which will support the growth, cell growth, stat function.
Hormone zrostannya - auxini give access to sourness, a surge of lively conversations to the embryonic fabrics and create a mind for growth processes. vivcheno chemistry warehouse auxins, a collection of visions, and by synthesizing piece heteroauxin, which increases the yield of ogirks, tomatoes, peppers, hemp and other technical and vegetable crops.
Nadkhodzhennya speech in roslinna klitina. The life of the organism, all the organs and the clitin can be deprived of the process of exchange of words in them without interruption. A clink of speech from the midst of the middle and one hour is given to become established in these products to the `` middle class '' or from the `` call '' of the middle.
The health of the protoplast before the uninterrupted exchange with the navkolishn_m middle bear the rice vibrating. From the great number of speeches, where there is a cult pose, in normal minds, in the middle, they penetrate less singing spoluks in singing relationships. It seems to be impossible that the products of life are seen as cells in the middle of the world. In the case of chaste and vision of speeches as a cell, a great role is played in the processes of diffusion and osmosis. Yak vіdomo, parts of the warehouse protoplasm of speech may cause singular energy, which is the cause of this uninterrupted ruin. Oversupply of dispersed speech from one part of the system and into the whole is called diffusion. The price is not a chaotic collapse of molecules, but a straightened one, the nature of which is due to a whole low number of officials: the activity of diffusing molecules, a gradient of concentrated solutions; The speed of diffusion begins with the size and mass of molecules, the viscosity of the middle, the temperature and the temperature. by the minds, the warehouse and the powers of the people of the nations in their minds. The folding and heterogeneity of budov and protoplasm will increase the variability of diffusion in different parts of the same cell. How to diffuse the speeches of the speaker on his own way, re-flowing with penetration for the distributor and the disclosed speech, oversubscribing the speeches in such a system becomes more foldable.
Being a switch for a great diffusion of electrolytes, you will not be able to get a permanent increase in the concentration between the juice and the taste of the cell. Penetration of rare and out-of-the-box speech through the penetration of the partitions osmosis... The main significance in the osmosis process is the phenomenon of adsorption and desorption. Їm supervodzhuyut electroosmotic processes. An osmotic grip in the cells is not to be found in the coloids of protoplast, but in the form of small salts, candies, amino acids in the juice. For the penetration of any kind of salt into the cell, it is necessary to have an osmotic grip of the cell's juice, not into the salt cell. The salts (electrolytes) come into the cell not from the molecules, but about the ions, which are adsorbed on the surface of the penetrating membranes of the electrical potential. They also burn up their charge and the stench is bigger, the more important is penetration into the cell. Once adsorbed, they are then desorbed onto the inner wall of the plasma membrane and transferred to the mesoplasm. Sorbts_yn_ processes may have an exchange character. Intensity of cychic appearances to accumulate in the form of a disease. The energy, which is felt in the presence of a frequent drop of speech, in the process of dichotomy, becomes vicious in the meaning of the world on the sorption function of the clitin.
yaksho I live klitina In case of strong dilutions of water solutions of salt, it is inaccurate to repair osmotic interaction between clintine juice and navkolishnіm solution. Klіtinniy sіk, which is a difference between different words in a different concentration, a bigger osmotic grip, lower wanderings and will attract water from it. The clichéd sic, having grown in the community, will press on the cytoplasm, the rest - on the clitinous shell, expanding in all directions. Volodyuchi is springy, the shell fixes the grip of the clutch juice. So, if the shell can be interlaced with tension, then it will depend on it to grow in the world of growing grip from additional water. The singing moment has the power to support the osmotic pressure, so that the concentration of both solutions will not be one-sided. The camp is called turgor, A grip of turgor.
The step of the turgor is to lay down in the middle of the osmotic vice in the middle and in the pose of the cult and in the spring of the shell. Determination of turgor masi clitin in the organism of the growth of the growing line, the springiness of all the growth, supplementing the stems from the right position, pidtrimuvati the mass of the leaves, stand up to the storms, angry, the leaves will fall. In a word, the turgor will give rise to the normal physiological stance of the Roslin.
The growth of the osmotic grip in the middle and the pose of the cell will ensure the strength of the cell.
Zvorotne torgor is a sight to go, like a piece of poklast in a mitsny rozchin kitchen salt, Greater concentrations, lower clitinniy sіk. In general, there will be a squeeze of the shell and protoplast, but the shell is less elastic, the squeeze will soon crumple, the cytoplasm will continue to feel fast, if you can see the walls of the clutch and keep the shape of the breast. Tse appearances to be called plasmolysis... Plasmolysis in the tissues of the growing line can be robbed and organically lost. Buvaє vignutim (rounded protoplast); ugnutia (the protoplast does not fly out of the shell with its muscles, but is often drawn in in the middle); court (without singing laws).
Put the plasmolysis cell into clean water, to prevent the occurrence of the phenomenon, and the plasmolysis - deplazmolysis.
With singing minds at the expense of a clinging turbulence cytorriz If the whole clutch is clutching (with a shell). Sponsor when growing roses and not just a lot of water with an osmotic path, but the result of a vaping of water.
The protoplasm of the cell is seen to be watery, not affected by the protoplasm. Tsia ridina is called a clitinny juice (div. Stor. 71). Emptying in protoplasm, filled with clinny juice, are called vacuoles. The protoplasmic sphere near the cordon with the vacuoles - the tonoplast - is called the envelope vacuole.
Rise in the young, as it has come from the embryonic camp of the clit, memorized by protoplast, є in number, ale even more vacuoles are round or twisted form(Fig. 1, 3, 39), filled with water with spikes in them and coloids in the gel. Then the vacuole grows and transforms into the system of tubules, filled with cellin juice (Fig. 10).
Nadal vacuoles often emerge, grow in size, change in number, get angry one for one and round up (Fig. 3, 4, 39), the amount of water in them grows, the solution of the speech goes over to good Piznishe vacuole evoke to get angry into one great central vacuole; protoplasm in a whole hour grows permanently in a ball, the nucleus, plastids, chondriosomy are found (Fig. 1.39). In the first class, the nucleus is located in the center of the cell; navkolishn th protoplasm close behind the permanent protoplasm with strands and plates, then pass through the empty vacuole (Fig. 4, 12).
1 - embryonic stage: about- shell, NS- protoplasm, I am- core with core; 2 - the formation of vacuoles ( v); 3 - vacuoles grow, the number of growths; 4 - vacuoles get angry, part of the protoplasm will set up thin strands; 5 - vacuoles were angry in one great central vacuole ( count), Protoplasm with a nucleus and a nucleus fixed a ball ( pm); 6 - from the klitini, the sapling was lost ( about). Obsyag of the clerical empties grows from the first stage to the rest.
The food already meant that the protoplasm of a living cell volodya is so-called vibrant penetration or even penetration. This means that in the row of vipads through the protoplasm in the middle of the vacuole, or from the vacuole in the lower middle can only lead molecules pass, and for great organic molecules non-organic spoluk alive protoplasm appears impenetrable. The intensity of the penetration of water through the protoplasm. osmotic vise birth in vacuole and in the newest middle, more correctly, from the difference of osmotic clutches in the middle and posture of the clergy. Chim vyshche concentration roschin (steps of dissociation ions), thym vyshche yogo osmotic vice, i.e., Chim has a greater difference in concentration of rosters, distributed on a penetrating partition, thus more intensively penetrating more intensively Penetration of water through living protoplasm in the main adhere to the laws of osmosis. An osmotic vice vimіryuyut in atmospheres.
Penetration of water through a penetrating partition (membrane) can pass until quietly, as long as you do not become the same osmotic vise ridin on the sides of the sides, i.e. in the grip of the line along the side of the penetrating partition. In such a rank, according to the hydrostatic grip of a consistent gap (in atmospheres), it is possible to change the osmotic grip of a clitine juice.
The force, through which water penetrates into the middle of the vacuole, be it a living cultin, is called a smoky force.
In the world, the water is moistened and the vacuole and all protoplast grow; by virtue of the whole protoplast viroblyaє the grip on the keratin shell - so called turgor grip or turgor. Sisna power, turgor vise and osmotic vise lie one way: the sucking power of the doorway between osmotic and turgor vise. Chim more in Daniy moment sucking power, less turgor, and navpaki. The shell, podruzhuyutsya under a grip on it in the middle, is put on the protoplast equal to the value and is opposed to the direction of the grip.
1 - a cell with a permanent ball of protoplasm and central vacuoles; 2 - the ear of plasmolysis, the size of the clitine can change rapidly; 3 - the vacuole is quick to speed up, protoplasm appears as a clit shell in the cuts; 4 - protoplast is spherical in shape.
Osmotic phenomena are of great importance in the life of Roslin. Water is transferred from the cell to the cell of the plant grower in the power of the cell. It has been established beforehand that the sucking force of the clines of the upper leaves of the growing line is higher, lower than the lower ones, and the concentration of salts in the cells of the root (root hairs) is higher, lower in the ground. The osmotic grip of root hairs is 1.5 and more developed than in soil. absolute value the osmotic vise in the cells to fill the temple. At ground-based grows, there are most often 5 to 10 atmospheres. In freshwater roslin, the lower - only 1-3 atmospheres. In salinized soils, the grows have a reach of 40, 80 and 100 or more atmospheres. Sisna power of dry satin vimіryuєtsya hundreds of atmospheres.
plasmolysis... When a cell of hypertonic growths are alive, that is, E. Rozchin with sucking power, which transfers the power of the cell's juice, helps prevent the growth of protoplast from cell stems as a result of vacuoles rubbing against the water of protoplases. This phenomenon is called Plazmoliz. Placing the preparation (for example, a leaf of water dewline Elodі, a wad of a sap of a sap of a tsibuli) in the water on an object slope, covering it with a crooked slope, putting on the side of a splinter of a hypertonic wedge, not an appropriate splinter kaliynoї selіtri), and lifting the rosters from the protylezhny side with squeegees of the filter paper, it is possible to pick up, unbare protoplasts, which change in volume, come out of the stinks of the clitin (Fig. 40). Having placed the cells in such (hypertonic) razchin, we can find that the concentration greatly changes the concentration of the client's juice. Applying osmotic manifestations, water from the vacuoles passes through the protoplasm into the navkolishn_y rozchin. Vacuoles change in size. Due to the aggregation of molecules, the nucleus and elasticity of the living protoplasm are found behind the vacuoles.
A- lumpy plasmolysis; B- avoidance of plasmolysis; C, D- sudomny plasmoliz.
As a result of the contracting vacuoles, protoplasm in the city appears from the walls of the clit in a handful of small spaces, and sometimes more often, in the small cells in the skin cells, if they lie round and oval. The space between the protoplast and the walls of the cell will be occupied by the space between the plasmolysis (plasmolitic).
Plasmolysis is especially clear, as if you take an object with a sprinkled clinker juice, for example, sprout from the root of a red beetle, a spine from a leaf, or a stem of a begonija, if you can see a red-baked garbage, beef bites. Name the protoplast to enter the shell of the shell in front of the clutches. It is not often in the cells of the inner surface of the shell, such as protoplasm, which quickly appears in the case of Plasmolysis, and in those cases, such as protoplasm, which appears not to be called. Dilyanki of the first genus are called positive, and those of another kind are called negative plasmolysis. In the wounded organs of the dewline in the skin of the clit, which is located close to the wounded dilyanka, that step, which is closer to the wound, becomes a negative microscope for plasmolysis. For plasmolysis, the protoplast can be used for smooth lumps of the outlines: they are referred to as the names of the A).
In strongly bridal cells, the protoplast is formed by plasmolysis to fall into two or more rounded parts, which are not often tied with thin plasma strands. With a high viscosity of protoplasms and strong adhesion, up to classy walls Plasmolysis is detected: the protoplast on some of the surfaces of the surface is lost in the closed membrane of the clinker shell, in some of the microscopes to see it, being at the same time the surface is B). The extinguishing of plasmolysis in abruptly circulating forms represents the so-called sudominal or spasmodic plasmolysis (Fig. 41, C, D).
The protoplast in some cells become obscured during Plasmolysis by tying them with thin plasma threads - Hecht's threads (Fig. 42). A part of the cich threads in a fake course of plasmolysis is opened.
The formation of plasmolizovatsya to lay down a significant world from the vikovoy stage of the clitine: in young adult cells, the protoplasm grows larger and sticks strongly to the shell; the lower the viscosity of the plasma membrane and the formation of plasma membranes from the clitinous membrane, decrease, and it is manifested in the case of plasmolysis.
Plasmolysis can be seen and "autonomously" (independently) in the growing cells of the roselin; as the butt can lead to a change in ovulation, rounding and introduction of the protoplast from the shell when the zoospore is approved, or ovum at the green growth rate. The manifestations of the whole order appear in the sporangia (the mindless cells of the multiplication - the super-stream) and the gametangia (the minds of the state cells - the gametes).
Protoplasm is not entirely impenetrable for baguettes from the waterways. More often than not, less water, which still penetrates through the protoplasm into the vacuole, as a result of the trivial interaction between the cells and the plasma The rest ceases to be hypertonic, and the protoplast, once again pumping water, renews a large amount of hair and a large amount of hair and enter all of its calling surface into the back of the clinker shell. The protoplast renewal of the colic stun destroyed by Plasmolysis is called deplasmolysis. Deplasmolysis is much faster, and in one and the same way, plasmolized cells are put in a higher concentration, or in water. In the past with piece clays, a vice can be used with a mercury manometer.
In the past, similar to the genus, there is water from the tap or the rate. In extraordinary distilled water, the clitine quickly grows up: it is good to take refuge in these metals, especially honey, and the pH value is unpleasant for protoplasms.
In a number of systematic samples, there is a concentration (izoosmotic) plasmolitic, which is a sign of plasmolysis. Knowing behind the tables the osmotic pressure of the concentration of plasmolytic, it is possible to accurately apply the osmotic pressure of the juice in the preliminaries.