For how did the Austrian teaching of Karl von Frish win the Nobel Prize? Who was the first to take out the Nobel Prize;
Do not expect the prize to be awarded the same for the head of the achievement in the winners, but in general, the Stockholm academics are very important in their penetration
Zhovten - a month of the people of chemistry, engineer and winemaker Alfred Nobel And also - it's time for the nudity of the laureates famous awards, Yaku, for the sake of a Swede's commandment, give in physics, chemistry, physiology and medicine, literature, as well as for a friend in the world of great pleasure. Since 1969, the Bank of Sweden has been awarded Nobel Prize by economy. site of the name of ten Nobel Prize laureates, whose achievement, as a matter of fact, changed the light.
Wilhelm Roentgen, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1901 Rock for "the display of strange promenades, named after him"
Nimetsky physicist, a friend of the letter in the prince, before the speech, read yak "e", becoming the first laureate of the Nobel Prize in the whole discipline. "X-Promenade" Wilhelm Roentgen showed not good until 1895, in the end of 1895, it became obvious all at once and in all - so, before the speech, even worse.
Viprominuvannya, it is possible to pass through the soft tissue, it is better to go through the cracks and even more to be perceived by the hard ones, it has become absolutely indispensable for diagnostics in traumatic surgery and stagnate in other areas. To the honor of the great ascetic, I have received a patent for my winners, declaring that it is guilty that they are far-reaching.
Max Planck, Nobel Prize in Physics 1918 for the performance of quantum energy
One of the rudiments of the classic "Newtonian" physics, notably Max Planck didn’t try to overlook the basics: just being careful about the power supply in the spectrum of absolutely nasty tel, no one wanted to go in the mainstream; The energy of the bullet was not trivial, but rather like a birch.
To describe the cich "Rivkiv" Planck was brought to the Vinite "Quantum Diy", Nini Vidomy yak "Post-Planck" and I describe the links of energy with frequency, mother with praise.
The price has become the ear of a completely new branch of physics - quantum mechanics... Before the speech, quantum computers in the even near-future mighty take off the tradition, based on transistor technologies. ale by ourselves important messages venerable physicist Planck became young Albert Einstein, Yakogo Planck remembered early, highly appreciated and which one might use strength to help him to get through.
Albert Einstein, Prize in Physics 1921 Rock for "Insight into Photo Effect and Inshi Robots."
The very bezgluzda from the most important formulas: not to mention Einstein was unhappy, even though they could not understand the theory of vernacularity and the description of gravitational academics could not be linked to it. That і away from the compromise solution: the premium of the date, albeit for something more neutral, "vegetarian".
Tim by the hour Nimetskiy Yevrey Einstein will, without question, by the most important point of the XX century, following his teacher Planck, explain the light to the call in a new way.
Albert Einstein marveled at Vsesvit Nemov for the first time, dumbstruck at the one to whom he was taught, - and they knew absolutely new explanations for a long time. Having formulated the idea of durability for an hour, I wondered if it wasn’t true Newtonian laws in the near-light news, we didn’t mind, as a matter of fact and mind, as a matter of fact, as a matter of fact, as a matter of fact Winning into the Maybut nagato stronger, lower Hitlerі Stalin, Kalashnikovі Gagarin, Gatesі Jobs taken at once. We live in light, like Vinayshov Einstein.
Enriko Fermi, Nobel Prize in Physics in 1938 for the detection of nuclear reactions, how many neutrons are involved
Tsei іtalіyskiy fizik having lived less than 53 rock, having broken the style for a whole hour, scho won 6-8 Nobel prizes. Alle the most famous wine-boat Enriko Fermi became the first nuclear reactor in the world, the possibility of any kind of wine, in front of it, was theoretically rimmed.
2 chest 1942, a rock similar to STIS unit, having perished in the light of the nuclear reaction, having seen the pressure of nearly half of the cotton wool. Ten days later, the reaction was brought up to 200 watts, and then the nuclear power industry became important, wanting an even more important part of the light economy.
Oleksandr Flemming, Prize in Physiology and Medicine 1945 for the recognition of penicillin
In our culture, based on Christianity, the life of the people is put in the form of any theories. One of the best places in the history of the award is given to a modest Scot, who once was “just spared”. Viraz "British inspiration" always sounds proudly wanting to see Ser Oleksandr, who opened the first antibiotic in history on the basis of penicillin.
The Flemming's message (richly in chomu vypadkov) was dated 1928-29 by rock, promislovy virobnitstvo razpochato pіd hour Other svitovoi vіyny. Extended antibiotics - The main reason In addition, the middle triviality of life on Earth from 1950 (so even without urahuvannya vіyskovyh expenses) to 2017 rіk has grown from 47.7 rocky to 71.0 rock - to be stronger, lower for the entire history of mankind!
Bertrand Russell, Nobel Prize for 1950 Rock Literature "as a sign of the recognition of his great and significant creations"
Be affectionate, stop confusion. The prize for the literature to Russell is a real funny anecdote, but it’s a bit of a joke, if Alfred Nobel didn’t set up a city for mathematicians (science), nor for philosophers? Brought to the academics as if they were victorious, to raise one of the most brilliant and most powerful minds of the XX century.
Russell in pershu cherga - logik, yogo vosok here є, mabut, the best in hours Aristotle... Tsey anglієts - father of mathematical logic, you have given the principle of two sciences, moreover, by the forefathers of logic. Moreover, the logical principle of Russell was stuck and he was a child of ethics, which made him active huge play, Sp_author of the Russell-Einstein Declaration Against Pollution nuclear war... They could have given a World Prize, or were afraid of the negative reaction of Washington and Moscow overnight ...
William Shockley, John Bardin and Walter Brattain, Nobel Prize in Physics 1956 Rock for the indication of a conductor and transistor effect
Three American physics, for example, in 1947, at the front of dozens of outlets in front of them, they installed the first power point bipolar transistor - for example, a conductive component, built to control an electrical signal, which is practically ineffective.
Economical and compact transistors have even more quickly changed from radio technology to non-manual electronic lamps and have become the largest crochet on the way to the winners of the largest winners. Im'ya youmu is a computer. Before speech, John Bardin after becoming a single member of history, we are honored, for having rendered the Nobel Prize in physics two times, and the other for the establishment of the theory of oversight.
Albert Camus, Nobel Prize for Literature 1957 for "the magnificent additions to literature, visibility of the meaning of human society"
Wondrously formulated by the Nobel Committee, but the academics could not have supported the French European Union for recognizing the absurdity of the Butt! Albert Camus, himself, did not bazhayuchi, becoming a great conjurer, sees all calls, superficially, visible and overlapping his reader with one of the “simple”, but for the most insane problems. “Virishiti, it’s not a vivid life of that, how to live, is to mean learning on the fundamental nutrition” - Camu himself formulating the goal of writing thousands of rocky ideas and development of philosophy.
One hour I looked out and saw the same focus on the idea of rebellion Sizifa, Unscented Bringing to the mountain one and the same stone. And at the same hour, prodding the topic of absurdity, Camus engrossed in the same moment when he was alone.
Francis Krik, Moris Wilkins and James Watson, Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine 1962 for the success of DNA structure modeling
Robot over the analysis of DNA macromolecules, which will prevent the transmission of decay information, which was held in the 19th century. Allegedly, the DNA functions were seen only in the 1940s, and in 1953, the American scientists proponated the structure of the sub-spiral as the basic model of DNA. Went to the cloning and genetic engineering of the buv vidkritiy.
Before speech, James Watson later becoming a persona non grata in science colas for the introduction of the development of the intellectual health of the representatives of the older races. At the same time, all the same, crazy, the most of the hardy ones (at the time of writing the article, 89 rocks).
Fridrikh von Hayek, Nobel Prize in Economics 1974 for the founding of robotics from the theory of pennies and economics (spirally with Gunnar Murdel)
Austrian-British Teachings of Fridrikh von Hayek - the most successful of economies, won the Nobel Prize. Having written in the Austro-Ugorsk Empire, the first of his robots, he is still alive so far that he has risen to change the social system's decline, and has been transferred to a number of scientific articles in the 1920s (!) Rocky. Vlasne, it was not the style of "robots according to the theory of pennies" that was famous for it, but the lecture and criticism of the state model and encouragement of the suspension was grounded.
Having shown that the planned economy is leading to the speed of freedoms and the suppression of innovation, to bring the leaders of the ideals of the development to a vicious effect. Mozhlivo, yakby the clerks of the CPCP read von Hayk, the stench could have eluded the prophets of the pardons, but it's a pity - it became like that.
At the Berezní 1888 Alfred Nobel after reading an obituary in the newspaper. The journals messed him up with his brother and wrote about the death of the "merchant to death". Nobel was embarrassed through his brother, through the pardons of journals, and more especially through the tone of the obituary. Todi is victorious to try to keep up the dynamism and order to win the Nobel Prize.
“All my rukhome and unruffiness are guilty of my changes in value, and the choice of such a way has capitalized the premises in the new bank. Income from the investment due to the fund, as soon as it will be generously distributed among the prizes of the team, and by stretching out the forefront of fate, I will bring the most reproach to the people ", - having ordered Nobel.
For a hundred and fifty years, the Nobel Committee has developed a mimic, breaking the will of the master and graciously giving a prize for no worse wine.
miracle lamps
The Dane Nils Ryuberg Finsen was born in poor health. Having grown up, having respected me, when I went for walks on the sun, I saw myself more beautifully.
At the University of Vin, we are engaged in the development of ultraviolet exchanges that are focused on the injection. Popularity in the scientific community of wines, having won the innovations in lіkuvannі wіspi, altogether switching to vovchak - tuberculosis shkiri autoimmune ailments). In 1885, rotsi winn bought for additional tight arcs in vugilny lamps, which played an evil heat with him.
Fіnsen nowadays for two years for the help of lamps prominuvav the ill people. As a result, through a few months, they were full of symptoms, and a lot of them were relieved from indulgent scars and wounds and viduvali. Through Rik Finsen, he has already made a mistake at the Institute of Svitlolikuvannya, which is wearing his name. Half of the ailments, as they went through the last bit of love, got sick again, and half saw the other half more beautifully.
These results were remembered, and in 1903, Finsen received the Nobel Prize as a sign of recognition of his merits to a sick person, especially a Vovchak.
In the past, when the lynzi, like the vikoristovuv in Finsen, did not miss the ultraviolet viprominuvannya. The therapeutic effect of maws is not light, but singlet sisin, which appears through the hiding of the vugil haircuts of the lamp. Protest of svitlolikuvannya, the founder of what became Finsen, efficiently effective in case of deyakkah ailments.
The molecule is especially acidic, in which there is more energy, less at the level
Wedge wedge
On the ear of XX century syphilis buv nevilikovnyh ailing. At the next stages of wines, giving an acceleration to the brain, and in the sick, a progressive parallel develops - Psychoorganic discomfiture, death from which came with a stretch of decisive rock. P'yata is a part of the patients of psychiatric clinics of sickness on syphilis, as inherited, progressive parallel.
Yulius Wagner-Jauregg pratsyuvav at psychiatric clinics and attributed to physiological reasons for the diagnosis of mental illnesses. Winning the respect, that the middle of the ailments is a progressive parallel bullet, who is seeing. Himself passing Wagner-Jauregg. Viyavilosya, all the stench before the hour of the ailment with a progressive parallel transferred the big fever.
A lot of wines infecting ailments for tuberculosis. Ale tuberculous fever was short and weak.
Likar becoming a shukati method of viclikati among ailments is a progressive parallel to a strong fever. Some of them have been infected with tuberculosis, and then caught up with additional tuberculosis. Ale tuberculous fever was short and weak, so it was not suitable for the treatment of progressive paralysis. Before that, deyakі ailments died, because tuberculin їm didn’t help.
In 1917 he was taught in the past by teaching in 1917, if he gave a clue for painting the painter: the painter was a feverish painter who could finish it with a strong and trivial. Wagner-Jauregg infecting patients with painters, and then using them with hinin.
In 85% of the ailments, severe polypsy occurred, but the mortality rate became high. There are fewer signs of weakening of the painter strains and the decrease in the risk of painter therapy. Protest you didn’t want to give in to the control over the pain, and the sick people were dying. Ale todі tse was honored with an acceptable risik.
In 1927, Wagner-Jauregg received a Nobel Prize for the treatment of the therapeutic effect of infection with painters in the event of progressive parallel.
Yogo vіdkrittya dosі wiklikє super-spikes: whichever painter stimulated the immune system, then whichever temperature threw up an unfriendly middle ground for children in syphilis, or it was just one hour. As a result of the mass painter's therapy, we vryatuvalo vinahid penicilinu, which supplemented the vilikuvati syphilis at the cob stages before the progressive parallax was infused with the ailments.
Get ready for a quick
In 1948, Paul Müller received the Nobel Prize for the insight of the insecure authorities of one of the most out-of-the-box speeches on earth - DDT, which is like DDT or dust. Müller standing, that DDT can be victorious as a strenuous insecticide for the second time, mosquitoes and other schoolchildren.
DDT is more beautiful for all types of insecticides: it is low toxic, but it is fatal for everyone without a blame for coma. It was easy to reach it simply and cheaply and easily spread on the whole field. For people, a one-time dose of 500-700 mg was absolutely not dull, and they were used to drinking it in settlements.
DDT zupin in epidemic typhus in Naples, painter - in India, Greece and Italy, giving birth and giving hope to overcome hunger in Bagatio regions. For an hour of wide vikoristannya in the light, 4 mln. Tons of dust were sprinkled. Yogo booleanness is obvious, but not unbeatable inheritances have come over the top.
For an hour of wide vikoristannya in the light, 4 mln. Tons of dust were sprinkled.
In the 1950s, the first few years appeared in the rock, as it was brought about that DDT was accumulated in in the midst of the midstі organisms of creatures і produce up to non-gorged wines. Especially triumphant were those who, in the world of letting DDT into the grub lance, by increasing the concentration, theoretically, could reach mortally insecure doses for people. Until 1970 rock all developed lands fenced off the vicarious DDT on their territories.
Millions of tons of branded speech continue to "walk" in the light of birds and food, accumulate in the soil and water, concentrate in the dews and again consume the food in the organisms. It's a Christmas day for DDT to know to navigate in Arctic. The whole process will be trivial as well: the period of DDT distribution is 180 years, and we still don't know about all the inheritances of this period.
the secret of hearing
Rosemary Kennedy - the elder sister of the President of the United States - was a folding child. In the early dynasty, the mother was pleased with her forward-minded character, pulp and hearing. By the year, the little girl went to see one-liners at the development, she forgot to learn more, could not learn to read and write. As soon as Rosemary remembered, as she saw her children, she had a bad character: she became craving and fiery.
In 1941, Joe Kennedy gave permission to carry out a surgical procedure for his daughter, as, according to the words of the doctors, she could calm Rosemary and grow bigger. Dr. Walter Fromen pierced the flesh of the cysts over the eye of Rosemary and Rosemary.
Also, this year we have Saturday, May 27, 2017 so traditionally we will send you to the quiz in the format "Food - see". Food for us is designed as the simplest, so to finish the fold. The quiz is duzhe tsikava and is popular, we just help you to reconsider your knowledge and change, if you have chosen the correct version of the message, from what is proponated. І we have power supply at vіktorina - For how to open the Austrian teaching, Karl von Frish won the 1973 Nobel Prize?
- A. element of technical
- B. Information exchange
- C. Liki as leprosy
- D. mov bjil
Correct view D - MOVU BJIL
Twerk is the best for those close to human dances to real bjil dances. Bdzholi dances, so he can drive the bdjols straight to the wulik, in the stench like flying after the horse, for example, for nectar. The stench crumbles with your cherevets (the back part of the body), you can see it, you need to fly on a yak. Austrian ethologist, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine Karl von Frisch has deciphered the translation of the text, and it is now known that it is the reason for the settlement.
Schob vivchiti dance bjil conducted an offensive experiment. Not far from the bdzholy vulik there are two reservoirs of liquorice. Bdzhil, who knew the first reservoir, they wore one color, and the bdzhil, who knew the other reservoir, wiped it with the same color. Turning at the woliks, the bjoli repaired a twerk-like dance. The dance of the dance lay right up to the dzherel malt: kut, for what it is necessary to dance bjoli of one colora, who won the dance of bjoli of the young color, with the exactness of the young with the jelly with the jut of the other
... At the bottom - the spheres of chemistry, economics, light, literature and economics. Nagorozhennya is held in a scrupulous manner, prizes are awarded for vidatnі achievement in the singing areas. At the same time, on behalf of the most prestigious scientific city, the laureates become millionaires - a penny prize to become a million dollar donor.IT.TUT.BY has prepared a list of the most significant achievements in three scientific categories - chemistry, physics, medicine and physiology.
physics
X-ray promenade, 1901 rik
X-ray promenades in the vidkriv Wilhelm X-ray in the end of the nineteenth century. Nimetsky became the first in the history of the Nobel Prize laureate in physics "for the sign of the recognition of vinyatkov services, as it was prompted by the nautsi to see the miraculous promenades, named for the year in yogh honor." Roentgen's insight was well known to the history of physics and medicine.
Radioactivity, 1903 rik
The couple Marya and P'єr Kyuri did the trick of radioactivity and in 1903 they distributed the Nobel Prize with Antoine Anri Becquerel, which is a manifestation of self-directed radioactivity. Friends of Kyuria viyavili radioactivity, if they were testing with uranium salts. Photographic payments from a non-noisy cause were detected. Becquerel, having caught up with the phenomenon, took a number of tests to signify, knowing that it was impossible to know the science. 
P'єr Kyurі zaginuv in 1906 rotsі: win licked on the wet road and run into pіd vіz. Maria Kyuri continued her scientific activity and in 1911 she became the first two-time Nobel Prize laureate.
Neutron, 1935 rik
James Chadwick brought up an important elementary particle that I called a neutron - "not that one, not one" in Latin. Neutron is one of the leading components of the atomic nucleus.
In 1930, Ivanenko and Ambartsumyan developed a series of theories that the nucleus would be built up from electrons and protons. Previously, they showed that the nucleus was guilty of revenge against an unknown neutral part, like James Chadwick.
Boson Higgs, 2013 rik
Peter Higgs letting in an elementary particle in 1964. At that time, there was no possession, no formal confirmation, or simply the hypothesis of physics. In 2012, it’s been an hour to experiment on the Great Hadron Collider.
Through the pivrok, the CERN (European Center for Nuclear Dosages) confirmed that the Higgs boson of knowledge was confirmed. Boson Hіggs іdpovіda for inert mass of elementary particles, it is also called "a part of God".
Peter Higgs received a Nobel Prize at the same time with Francois Engler in 2013 "for a theoretical understanding of the mechanism, which helps us to understand the mind of a mass of subatomic particles, which was confirmed by the
Medicine and Physiology
Insulin, 1923 rik
The hormone for lowering the concentration of glucose in the blood, without any life of ailments for diabetics of people, would be much more foldable and shorter, given by Canadian scientists Frederic Bunting and John McLeod. Banting dosi is the youngest Nobel Prize laureate in the field of medicine and physiology.
It is a hormone called insulin, which regulates glucose metabolism. In people suffering from diabetes, the hormone circulates in small amounts, through which glucose is rotten to the body. Experiments on insularization have been carried out for a long time, but McLeod and Bunting have not seen it.
Group of blood, 1930 Rik
The Austrian Licar Karl Landsteiner took a number of new blood test tubes, including his own, and added to the centrifuge a sample of blood cells. Let us mix the blood cells and the blood cells from the new images. As a result, the blood supply does not give agglutination (falling into the siege of one-sided rivers) with erythrocytes from one test tube.
Landsteiner brought up three groups of blood - A, B and 0. After two rocks of science, Landsteiner's followers brought forth the fourth group - AB.
Penicilin, RIK 1945
Penicilin is the first antibiotic of the herringbone. The river is seen from flowers on mushrooms. Oleksandr Fleming Bull's laboratory is not clean. The presenter of vivchav of the bacterium of the staphylococ. Turning around the month of the day in the laboratory, he vyaviv, on the plate with the mushrooms the bacteria were gone, at that hour the stench was alive on the clean plates. Fleming zatkavivsya cym is a manifestation and the way to spend the last time.
Until 1941, Ernst Chain, Howard Flori and Oleksandr Fleming were able to see to finish the cleaned penicillin for the sake of the people. We do this by seeing a 15-year-old baby from infected blood as a patient.
The Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology was awarded to three students "for the recognition of the penicile and the thirsty for infusion in case of young infectious ailments".
DNA structure, 1962 rik
DNA is one of the three main macromolecules, in the order of proteins and RNA. Vona is considered for the selection, the transfer of one generation to the last and the beginning of genetic programs, the development and function of living organisms.
The structure of the boolean was deciphered in 1953. Investigators Frens Krik, James Waughton and Moris Wilkins rejected the Nobel Prize "for the insight that the molecular structure of nucleic acids and their significance for the transmission of information in living systems".
chemistry
Poloniy i radiy, 1911 rik
My friend Kyuri made a visit, come in uranium ore more radioactive than uranium itself. In the distance, there are two of the most radioactive elements: radio and polonium. It was opened in 1898 rotsi.
Radiy is a rare element. More than a hundred rockets have passed by the moment of the yogh display, and in a pure view, it has been deprived of the author of the cylogram. The element of vicariousness in medicine for the treatment of malignant diseases of the mucous membrane of the nose and shkiri. Polon_y, vіdkritiy immediately from the radio, zastosovutsya for the stem of straining neutron dzherel.
Another Nobel Prize for "outstanding merits in the development of chemistry: seeing the elements in the radio and poloniya, seeing the radio and the vivification of nature" ...
Atomic Masa, 1915 Rіk
Theodore Viljam Richards zoom exactly by the atomic weight of 25 elements. Memories pochav s "zvazhuvannya" vodny and sour. For tsyogo Richards vikoristav is a vlasny method, burning water with honey oxide. The vologue was filled with a glimpse of vikoristovuvav for viznachennya of the exact vagi of the element.For further experiments, the vikoristov were given a vlasny wine boat. Richards having stood up, the weight of lead in radioactive minerals is less than that of lead. The price has become one of the first proofs of isotopes.
***
The Nobel Prize is awarded on the ear of the 20th century. Hunt all the winners and readings in one statistic in the region in a folding manner. Not good for our top ten? Propose your options in the comments.
The Nobel Week in Stockholm has come up beforehand, and has traditionally announced the nude laureates of the Prize for Advancement in Physiology and Medicine. With the help of James Ellison from the USA and Tasuku Honjo from Japan for the discovery of a new type of therapy for the treatment of cancer patients.
Nobel Prize rose in total - 9 million kroons (trocha more than $ 1 million).
At the office of RBC, the director of the Physical Institute named Lebedova Russian Academy Sci. Mykola Kolachevskyi meaning that the methods of the winners, as a Nobel Prize, have been finished for a long time to be victorious in laboratories. “There are a lot of robotic horses that can be found in Russia, outside the cordon, and in commercial stores. Tse tsіliy great layer is still practical robots, Yaki stand behind the cimi methods ", - occasionally Vin.
For his words, optic vikoristovyvayutsya in biology, medicine, preliminaries, knitted with chemistry. “[Sensor tweezers] This is a method that allows the laser beam to pop into focusing small particles, sensors, sensors and objects, which can be inserted into the tissue, or even a number and there should be kneaded with a necessary chunk”, - like Kolachev. Behind these words, the method is even more promising. “When it’s late, it’s possible to catch not one, but a splinter of particles, flashing light structures, moreover, to reach the foldable shape, so that you can get a little light, or I’m grateful for the laser,” explained Vin.
Proceed over the method of generating high-intensity ultrashort optical pulses, and at the very least magalized one more light pulse. “Well, it’s b, є laser podsiluvachi, which allow to be more painful, even at the moment, which is even worse great toughness, Pochinaє ruinuvatisya itself pidsilyuє middle ”, - explaining Vin.
Behind the words of Kolachevsky, they came up with an idea of breaking an impulse behind the colores, shy of a jolly, "drove the splinter of the development through pidsilyuvachi." “And then [it is necessary] by the rotary process of yo squeeze. So go to the edge of high-intensity straining laser pulses, as far as possible, in a whole series of tasks. There are a lot of tasks on advancing in chemistry, sumy from chemistry areas of biology. There is a great layer of medical, biological and technological enterprises ", - rozpov vin.
The prize in physics was awarded 111 times, and 207 individuals were rejected, who were first in 1901 by William Rentgen (Nimechchina) for the recognition of the promotion, named in his honor. Among the laureates there are 12 physicists from the USSR and Russia, as well as those who were born and educated in the Radiansk Union, and sent a message to the other community. In 2010, Andriy Geim and Kostyantin Novosyolov got rid of the graphene stem (which is the only material in the world). In 2003, Oleksiy Abrikosov and Vitaliy Ginzburg were rejected by the city “for innovative additions to the theory of overprovidniks” from Entony Leggett (Great Britain). In 2000, Zhores Alfiorov Bouv was awarded the prize for the development of the concept of conductive heterostructures and vikorystannya in optoelectronics and electronics of high quality products.
At the last time, the Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to the United States - Kip Thorn, Rainer Weiss and Berry Berish. The stink of the city was rejected "for the great additions of the project of the laser-interferometric gravitational-hvilyovoy observatory and guarding for gravitational praises." And we recognize that, having recognized the prize for physics of two, John Bardin buv: in 1956 he was responsible for the wine of a bipolar transistor (together with William Bradford Shockley and Walter Brattain), and also in 1972 he was the founder of the John Robert Schrieffer).
The Nobel committee until the last trim in the town hall for the applicants for the city. Among the young winners of the Physics Prize, the presenters from Clarivate Analytics, who analyzed the citation rating of articles in the past in the databases of Web of Science, in which they named American bishops Devida Oushalom and Arthur Gossard - for the results of Holocaust News magnetic fields; astronomer and astrophysicist Sandra Faber from the USA - for the advancement of the mechanisms of the establishment of galaxies and the evolution of the large-scale structure of the Alliance for the theory of cold dark matter; American professor Yuriy Gogotsi, Rodney Ruoff from Holy Korea and Patrice Simon from France - for insight in the field of carbon materials and supercapacitors. Physics World magazine named the number of applicants for the Oleni Howe (Dania) Prize for the experiment of how to change the performance of light for the additional condensate of Bose - Einstein, Yakir Aaronov (izrailnya) and Michael Berry) (in Great Britain)