Hto became the head thief of Єlizaveti 1. Queen of England lizaveta I: becoming that rocky vlady. Engage Mary Stuart

Sunday 24th 2011, 13:15

The Princess Elizabeth, aged pro 13 (1546). Deyakiy hour described to William Scrots Mayzhe pivstolittya (1558-1603) the government of Alizaveti, the center of the culture became one of the centers of the "queen-nezaymana" ... The dignity of the Maybut queen was sluggish. Vaughn was born on the 7th spring of 1533 at the Palace of Grinvich, at the front of London, at the family of King Henry VIII Tudor and another squad of the sovereign - Annie Boleyn. Those who were Elizabeth were a boy became the head of the guilt. It seems that from the earliest days, the situation around the New People's Bula is not very good-natured. The courtiers whispered that the people’s daughters - God's punishment to King Genrikh for breaking out from Rome. Well, she didn’t fall in love with the princess, and for those who won’t be the daughter of Annie Boleyn, “the story of Nen,” who stole the crown from the legitimate queen Katherine of Aragon. Vona lived in the Zamisky Palace of Hetfield in a dedicated army of nannies and servants. Nasamper Hetfield borrowed Katerina's daughter, Marya, who was now seen at a distant fligel, having given all the honors. By the end of this "crooked Meri" will not forget this, and if you ask to introduce yourself to the princess, Mary will say: "There is only one princess in England - me." Father and mother also did not see their daughter very often: Genrikh buv took over the sovereign right, and Hanna - with priyom and saints. Inodi Alizaveta was brought to London to show the earthly ambassadors and namitity maybutnі vigіdnі sluby. In that era, princesses were not very popular with ganebny matchmakers. As far as seven months old, Genrikh didn’t care about the enlistment of the third blue Francis I. At the same time, the French ambassadors were presented to the French ambassadors with the one in the “royale king's oddity”, as the hope Shvidka is the death of the mother, the machuh is low, and the lack of performance for the maybutny - the axis of the yake is the dignity of the girl. At the trial, Ganna was called at the office, for which the occasion broadened slightly, but lizaveta is not a king’s daughter. It is true that the thin ore of the dvchinka didn’t much nagaduval Henry VIII, but the bullet is even more similar to the mother, as well as the perebachuvany kokhants, the court musician Mark Smiton. Genrikh himself, it seems, did not summarize at his daddy, ale vvvazvaya for cleverly clean up from the eyes of the one who fiddled about yogo ganba. Genrikh quickened the vitrati for the daughters, ale he ordered vikhovuvati її in korolіvski way - she got lost as a great commodity for foreign names. In the late afternoon of 1536, a new governess, Ketrin Yeshli, appeared at her place, as she didn’t forget about the little girl’s vikhovannya, but about the illumination, I read and write in English and Latin. Dovgy hour Ket replaced the princess mother, and when Elisabeth zgaduvala said: “Vona spent a lot of time for me, and reported all of them before she could see the less knowledgeable and ask for a message about the honor ... our fathers. , Bo daddy, following the nod of nature, they whirr around us, and whirlers whirre around us. " Lizaveta was imbued with everything: hang around the table, dance, pray and handicraft. Already a bunch of rocky won gave little brother Eduard Batista a shirt of vile vigotovlennya. In 1543, Elizabeth began to study sciences under the leadership of the professors Chick and Grindel, who for the first time came the mentor of Prince Edward Roger Yeshem. All the stench was filled with people who were very vivid and at once humanists, who saw fanaticism and intolerance in front of the era. Єlizaveta became the first English princess, wiggled to the side of the Renaissance. Nasamper tse meant the vivchennya of ancient movs of that antique culture. Until twelve years ago, I was able to read and speak in English, Latin, walnut, French and Italian. These talents celebrated the enemy to turn on the king's antiquarian John Leeland, who, having perverted the girl's knowledge, prophetically viguvav: "This miracle child will become the glory of England!" After the death of Queen Jane Henry, he became friends again. With Anna Klevskoy, I was just separated, and young Keith Howard was punished for her joy. The death of the young queen hit the nine-fold Elizabeth, no more than the death of her mother. Itself in a whole vіtsі the maybutny queen has formulated a style of rejection of whore and sexy stosunіv. It’s dzherelo, from which it’s more wonderful for the first glance of the young princess’s decision - її listing with Genrikh’s marching squad, Katerina Parr. In the historical literature, one can know a greater romantic version. Nibito Alizaveta knew her other family - to Robert Dudley, but Nicholas will not be gone. For her, be-like the order of the death. We didn’t have a strong sense of the senses, but we’re awesome because of the rich romance and history, the inheritance of this physiological and mental impairment. The whole process is a normal reaction to the tragic events that are seen in the family. On the 28th of 1547, the fate of Alizaveta, that at Enfildi, was seen, that the father died. At the commandment of the king, he said, “I’m overlaid with Edward.” At the time of the death of Edward (during the fall of the day), Mary was depressed, because of the child, because of Elizabeth and the child. We take our remaining manifestation of the monarch's will of Henry VIII to "viznav" his daughters and give him hope, if not for the crown of England, then for a long time, be a prince of a European land. The death of Genrikh VIII at the camp of Alizaveti was full of change. Having occupied the palace of the brothers, she at once moved from Mary to the Queen's mansion in Chelsea, de novozi appeared a new gentleman - Katerina Parr was elected as a substitute for Admiral Thomas Seymour. Tsei intrigan grave played an important role in the court of his nephew and without wasting the hope of keeping the hobbyist from one of the princesses. Before becoming friends with Katerina, he was unsuccessfully wooed to Mary, and then he sought the permission to become friends with her sister. Vazhayuy yourself a charming gentleman, win povtovto chitatsya to his stepdaughter. Vrantzi vin vrivavsya to Alizaveti in the bedroom and went to galmuvati and rags to the young princess, do not be disturbed by the presence of servant and virgin Ket. I know the version that Thomas Seymour wanted to become friends with Princess Elizabeth. Deyakі dzherela vkazuyut in mutual sympathy Alizaveti and Seymour, protesting to this fact is not important. So chi inakshe, at the office of 1548, on the vimoga of the machukha, Elizaveta, with her servants, went to the mother of Cheshnat. Thomas Seymour at 1549 rotsi, even after the death of Katerina Parr, as a revealing feverish woman, defeating her with a coup d'état. Yomu tse did not go into the end of 1549, the king's uncle buv of anguish. Lizaveta was also considered an honor to the serpent of Seymour, protesting to bring her innocence into the distance. Tim hour, the land was filled with knowledge of religion, and the princesses could not be offended by them. Marya became overtaken by a Catholic, and when she was wicked in a Protestant church, lizaveta dedal was more of a new virgin. The superpower became obvious, since the ailing Edward died at the age of 1553. Before the speech, brother and sister were put one to one with a great need, that for Alizaveti it was a blow, if he died. The crown of the nine-day rule of Jane Gray moved to Mary, as she quickly brought the Catholic order in England. Alizaveta was able to reign over her sister, the protestors of Mary were relocated, but the princess cannot be trusted. Well, how is it that I am enchanted by the mighty nobleman to find an earthly sovereign and who can I help him to seize possession? Marya didn’t particularly mistaken her friends, Alezma Protestants at the birch of 1554 changed her mind. Inspiration of the smothering of the spontaneous in a state of mind, the radniks pleased Mary I with the help of Alizaveta in the Tower: the young daughter of Genrikh, who was wicked by the Protestant virgin, was not safe. Prior to that, on the queen's thought, Elizabeth could have been tied to Wyatt and her messengers. The life of the Alizaveti was hidden away deprived of humiliation for mercy. Tsikavo, scho there, at the Tower, bouv the family's friend - Robert Dudley. It’s a simple version that young people spent an hour walking around the inner courtyard of the Tauer, and that spilkuvannya became the ear of a great maybut. The princess was sent to the remote Woodstock. The little siren klimati її felt a little bit of ailments: having exposed themselves with boils, raptas attacked them with tears. At Woodstock, Alizaveti was not allowed to write sheets, and books were brought in without a suvoro hardened list. Like having survived the winter, she turned to the capital: Philip Ispansky, who became the cholovik of Marya, having passed over for the safety of trimati, Elizaveta, who was closer to the courtyard. For a bit, there’s a reason for this: Filyp piddavsya її unabiyakіy charіvnostі. On the cob of falling leaves in 1558, Queen Marya vidchula, she was so fucked up. I was glad to napolagala, but she officially recognized her sister as declining, the queen repaired the opir: she knew that Elizabeth would turn the hated Mary Protestantism into England. Only by the grip of Philip Marya gave in to her radniks, rozumiuchi, so that the land of the land could be wounded by the chaos of the community. The queen died on 17 leaf fall 1558, having lost her history as Marya Krivava (aka Krivava Meri). Elizabeth, having obliterated the sound about her sister's death, said: “The Lord is so virile. Wonderful dila yogo in our eyes. " 16 leaf fall, if Marya let the rest of them fall, Philip fell back in Spain, and Cardinal Pole himself lay at death. That day, closer to noon, in the hall of parliament, Elizabeth Bula was thrown by the Queen of England. The majestic NATO of the city dwellers, who took the bilya of measure, screamed with radiant screams. In front of the new queen, she pinned the strati and re-reading of the Protestants. Then it was brought to a term in London banks pennies for the payment of the Borgs: the king's belongings appeared empty. With the head right, the coronation is a folding ritual, nagadati nagadati piddanim about the magnitude of the British monarchy. For the first time, Elizabeth was in control of the state apparatus, until both Edward's closeness and old friends of the princess, including Perry's belongings, went away. The head warden of the queen of accolades is William Cecil, who has become the state secretary and Lord Burley without a bar. Tsei energіyny i pratsovitiy official mav rіdkіsne in mind to reconcile the interests of the expensive palace parties. For the fate of the governing body of sister Alizaveta, she thoroughly fanned the mystery of weaving intrigues and weld together her opponents. Now she’s stashed the price in order to manipulate with her admonitions and achieve what is needed from them. Ale vimagati was not easy to conquer: the courtiers were put before the young queen to finish up familiarly. Little did I know about the fact that it would be unbeatable to come out and become deprived of the tinnia of the monarch of honor. Even the queen didn’t rule England independently, but Marya shvidko knew her co-governor. Do you know that Alizaveta knows her smilivist vchiniti іnakshe? At the time of the occupation of the throne of Alizaveta, twenty-five rock was built. Over the worlds of the XVI century, if it was not enough to reach fifty, it would be worthwhile to reach a solid vіk. Protest all meant that the queen viglyadє nagato the youngest for her one-liners. The whole youthfulness, in addition to the physical activity and peace of mind, was welcomed by those who did not wear the queen with bagatorazny canopy (and wykids), as there are many women in viku. In addition, Alizaveta I was put with respect before the mod, first in 1566 she appeared at the official visit to Oxford with mittens, podovzheni to the point.
For her coronation, lizaveta celebrated the 15th of June 1559 for her coronation, so that at once the letter of the Holy Martyrs: won’t want to give England a little bit of holy days. On the 25th of 1559, the first Parliament of Alizaveti was opened to fate. Having won the crown on himself, the young sovereign immediately saw the whole burden of the whole society - the land (like the whole of Europe) was split into two irreconcilable tabori - Catholics and Protestants. Elizabeth did not signal and did not reprimand any of the cadres of Mary. With her "Act of the Sameness" the Queen showed that, following the course of the Reformation, which were patched up by the successors of Henry VIII and Edward VI, albeit Catholics in England were not barred from serving the Mass. The whole act of tolerance, allowing the queen to unify the enormous war. Already 10 fierce Parliament turned to the queen with a cry to preserve the English throne with a decongestant: it’s punished to turn so cholovik. The list of applicants was shown by Philip II, in the list of friends with Mary I, followed by Archdukes Frederick and Karl Habsburg, Swedish Crown Prince Erik. One year later, the Duke of Anzhuysky and the Tsar of All Russia, Ioann Vasilovich the Terrible, will reach them. Parliament prodovzhuvav napolyagati on the chosen name. Alizaveta is not small in her capacity for power with the cholovik, but in 1559 she could not confront the parliament: she was given a good idea. Robert Dudley The Bagatorial Leader of the Queen of Booves is Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. ЇKhnya friendship was born in early vіtsі, so that stench grew close to children by children. After the death of Robert Dudley's retinue, Emi Robsart, as she didn’t end life by suicide, had less chance of getting close to the queen: Vlad and the courtesy of the people won more value, I didn’t find it. A greasy scandal rose up. Bagato hto boo of exhilaration, as the queen and Robert sent to the unhappy woman in vbivts. They saw the ship look and see the "ore poviya". The dignitaries at the cholі with Cecil came to Єlizaveti, in fact, having presented an ultimatum - to see Dadlі to the court. It happened a little while, and the nouns were not sent, but the messages were sent to the provinces. The death of Emi deprived the princess of the reputation of the queen, even though the twentieth century would have helped to prove it. The vivchennya of the tombs of Misis Dudley showed that the woman fell from the descent through an attack of painful pain, vicious, more for everything, to the disks of the ridge. In addition, the leader is unbearable and has such a result. The queen was mesmerized by the bully to conduct a retreat of all the furnishings that were tied up since the death of Emi Robsart. The innocence of Dudley Bull was brought to light, however, among the people of the whole world there was a bit of a whipping up. The queen's romance with Lord Dudley had been trivial for more than ten years, and was interrupted only through his death in 1588 r. With a hand of his own tsar, Elizaveta bagatorazov, declared that the їхніy sound was wykly platonic. So, for example, 1562 r., If the queen fell ill in vispa, then, having recognized Robert Dudley as the Lord Protector of the Kingdom at the time of her death, won told the courtiers that both her and gray Robert were “not bulgarian”. Navrikintzi life Alizaveta unrehearsedly repeated about her value. Protest in the history isnu one to finish the mysterious fact. The paperwork of the Spanish Minister of Frensis Engelfield (who was born with a spygun at the English court and with a letter hanging outside England) had three leaves, he wrote about 1587 r. to the Spanish king. They had a chance, aboard the ship, that they came to Spain from France, with the help of the English, who were suspected of being a spy. For an hour I’ll finish the wine I’m aware that Arthur Dudley and I’m the illegitimate blue of Robert Dudley and the English Queen Alizaveti I. , like a bully instructed iz her by stretching out his life), sent him to the homeland of Robert Southern. A special teacher John Smith, a close friend of Southern, became Arthur. Until Southern's death, Arthur wore himself in blue. However, on his deathbed, Robert Southern recognized himself as a junior in the fact that he was not a daddy, and that he had shown him the secretary of his people. The whole version at a glance all at once is taught, to bring and develop the English teaching-historian Paul Docherty. Indirectly prove the theory of fairness. Among them, for example, those who, at the bagatokh sheets of earthly messages, who were praised at the English court, are often asked, and clues are often raised about those who, around 1561, the queen fell ill for everything, watery "her", more blown out, especially in the stomach ". At the written prayers of the Alizaveti, they took care of themselves, writing 1562 r. to mend words that have not been buzzed before that hour, and no explanation is needed. So, for example, ask God to try this sin (without any reference to the very nature of the sin). But it’s not enough on the respect of the queen - it’s unbelievable, it’s an hour for Arthur’s life to appear. The British sovereign archivi secure a reminder of Robert Southern, in fact, as a certificate, signed by John Smith. So, all people - a whole lot of real historical specialties, have made this connection with one another. The BBC TV company (Great Britain) has taken a documentary film "The Life of Alizaveti I" Protest, the nutrition of the fair specialty of Arthur Dudley will be seen on this year's sales. It’s a very rich version, to which lizaveta became unimportant and childless (accepted officially). So, one of the options is not a good time, the throne is to be-kim. Іnshim - її nіbito bezplіddya. Listing with Lord Sussex: "I hate the very thought about zamіzhzha, for reasons that do not open and find new souls." In the even veiled leaf, she saw to the other, that the act itself was superfluous with motor convulsions and unbearable pain through the nerves that were shaken in her youth. It’s true for a number of reasons, it’s not true. In 1559, a revolt of Protestants against the Queen-Regent Mary de Guise, a French woman, mother Mary Stuart, vibrated in the midst of southern Scotland. Edward of Protestants in Scotland was responding to Alizaveta Cecil, Aleva was seen as a croc, rozumiyuchi, so that we could not help provoke a conflict with France, as she flooded the Scotland with her. At the same time, on the ear of the rule, the queen rocked her, even more protective, call of the policy. Єlizaveta gave the Scottish Protestants a material education. Few bullets vivezeni in the same place, but it wasn’t possible to win the queen from her accomplices. However, at 1560 rotsi Taumna Rada zmusil lizaveta rozpochati іnterventsіyu. The Scottish Protestants for the peddling of the English military defeated the hitchhikers of Mary de Guise, and on 6 April 1560 in Edinburz, the written agreements were signed, which closed the reversal. England and France made their way to Scotland. Marya de Guise died at that hour, and her mastery was passed on to the Regents of the Scottish Protestant Lords. Mary Stuart (at that time, the squad of Francis II) was pro-proponated to see the coat of arms of England included in the coat of arms; The protest of Mary was not ratified by the Edinburz agreement. At the very moment, the bagatoressa of the two kings was rocked. On the 5th breast in 1560 the squad of Mary Stuart died, in 1561 won turned to Edinburgh to take the crown of Scotland. Mary Mala has the right to the English throne as the great-granddaughter of Henry VII, and before that she was a Orthodox Catholic, but she was already a warrantor of the opponents of Alizaveti. At the fall of the leaves in 1569, the Catholic rebellion fell asleep on the eve of England, as they were imposed on the throne of Mary. One snake went after the іnshoy, and the queen drove to forget about mercy. Ale motuzka that sokira bully was powerless, while the head of the wicked ones lived - Marya Stewart. Until the politician rozrakhunku domіshuvalosya zhіnoche jealous. Marya Bula is nine years old, young, small and beautiful. Alizaveta is sick, old, and the earthly princes were married before her. Hour big ... Hello, so recently the skinny ore of the girl was running into the Hetfield park together with Rob Dudley. Infected Dudlі, yak and earlier, enviable naming, and won - forty ailments of a woman, over which behind her back the fool-ladies are standing. The drivers of the coachmen sprang up, prickly, the shkira crept into the red beaches. The queen was brightly powdered, wrapped herself in embellishments, vigaduvala still writing styles of cloth. For her, the new fashion was diligently taken over by the courtiers, and then by the provincial chepuruni. At "єlizavetinsku epohu", the apogee of pragnennya reached its peak; The great English theater - Shakespeare, Marlo, Grіn - was born. Addictions were violated among the їхніх п'єсah, love overcame death, and over us the panuvala of the great queen. Edmund Spencer spoke with the "Fairy Queen" for the names of the divine Gloriani and the Amazon Britomaris. The courtiers were also brought in by the bootie sings: if the elder was afraid of Alizaveta, then more praise was appropriate. Yshli old friends, zokrema і Ket Eshli, yaka died in 1565 to the rock. The perfidious Lester was busy making friends and going out to the courtyard. Yogo was replaced by a new favorite - the young Earl of Oxford, Edward de Veer, and the lawyer Christopher Hetton, whom Yulizaveta affectionately called “ram”. Om both voices attributing love notes to the queen, hocha, shvidshe for everything, on the right, she was surrounded by a wicked flirt. Love all the more often went to politics, and the place of the throne was taken by adventurers or spyguns. Until the rest of his bed, Francis Wolsingham, who became the state secretary in 1572. A whole non-rich nobleman from Gloucestershire, having become the creator of the English secret service, effectively voiced all the serpents of the queens. 1578, a new contender for the hand of Єlizaveti appeared, the brother of the French king, Duke Francis Alansonsky. Having shown up to London, Winn looked so gallantly around, and Lizaveti's heart was blown away. Vona pogozhuvatsya on new names, minds, for example, on the nudity of Francis by the English king, or for the Catholic virgin that he saved. Mimovoly to be built, the queen, like a woman, grabbed for the last chance to leave, give her share. And the Alencon axis did not succeed in becoming friends: having lived in England for three rockets, we asked for a penny at Alizaveti in the Netherlands. At the same time, the gallant shanuvalnik vitrach in the state pennies is not deprived of consumerism for the servants, but for the servants of London povies, one of which heaped him with rotten ailments. It was explained that in the fierce 1582 the Duke had fuel to France, and in two days he would die of dysentery at the Vyskov camp. Єlizaveta spent yogi summing up verses: їyyasya, so he’s happy to stay hopeful for happiness. Tim for an hour Ispania was caused by the aggressiveness of the deed. Vona visadzhuvala was driven to Ireland to help the Muslim Catholics and was prepared until the invasion of England itself. The Spanish Mali is a tighter fleet, and Alizaveta sent all the supplies to the new ships. Vona allowed the English pirates to attack the Spanish ships, which poured gold from America in the upper holds. On the islands of the Caribbean Sea, "Gentlemen of Fortune" were forties, over the yakim majors the English ensign: this is how the foundations of the great colonial empire were laid. From the light hand of Elizabeth Walter Reli's beloved Wine of America 1586 The rock bulo was founded by the Persian English colony, named Virginia in honor of the Queen of the Divine. During an hour, the Catholics prodovzhuvali vlashtovuvati serpents against the queen, and the police of Walsingham were fiercely violent. On the squares, new shibenitsy appeared regularly, and on the London Bridge - with their heads planted on them. Bagato mischievous days from the name of Mary Stewart, and Walsingham made a Scottish queen pasta, just once and for all. The Yogo agent, having run into the lavas of the wicked, begged Mary to sign a letter for the year to drive Alizaveti. Many papirs were presented to the queen, as she wrote the deaths of the supernaturals by the next thoughts. 8 cruel 1587 Mary Stuart was stranded in the castle Fotheringey. Even before the queen's enemies could rozrahovuvati for an internal coup in England, now they have lost one hope - the invading. Nemov was able to help him, Philip II at the birch of 1587, after picking up in the Spanish ports, I was a magnificent expedition for a march to England. Up to the warehouse of the impermissible armada, there were close to 130 ships, including 27 great galleons, on board 30 thousand soldiers and sailors. The English did not marvel at the zbir of the Spanish forces of the baiduzh - already for a month, Drake flew to Kadiska Bay, and nailed dozens of ships of the Maybut Armadi and її provisions. However, they prepared their way, and on 12 April 1588, the largest in the European history, the Ukrainian fleet, destroyed the road. In England, there were a lot of people, so the enemies were getting away with everything older than the population of the land, and they weren't too happy to pass them on to Catholic mothers. Ale the English did not die off: the threat of intrusion, as it repeatedly buvalo in history, wicked their tense patriotic pidyom. In all counties, the militia were getting out. The volunteers were rounded up to the army, yaku having cleansed the Earl of Leicester. Lizaveta especially twisted the coastal forties, nadikhayuchi їkh zhisnikіv with sticks. Tim for an hour about Armada didn’t buzz either a rumor or a spirit. Piznіshe viyavilosya, so majestically the purchase of ships kurdovzh uzberezhzhya, grunting is a good place for hanging and not knowing yo. English ships and storms alternately fired strikes on the Spaniards, launching hundreds of them. So the Armada got out of the Scotland, and it seemed that gunpowder and grub were found in it. Ob_yshovshi islands, the escadra straightened out for the afternoon, de wasted in a strong storm. The Uzbeks of Ireland were buzzed by the ulamas and the corpses drowned by the Spanish. On the ringing route, the English sailors prodovuzhuvali the headaches of the strikes, and for example, to Lisbon, the hallways of the Armadi turned - 54 ships. On the other hand, the queen won a medal with the Latin inscription "Adflavit Deus et dissipati sunt" Peremoga was killed by a marena with the second of the Earl of Leicester, who died at the time of a feverish woman. The queen mourned "dear Robin" - a richly rocky stench was cooked and reconciled, lost to her loved ones. The relationship with the Russian Kingdom is characterized by two aspects: the spirit of the Moscow company and the special status of the Elizabeth with Ivan IV. "Muscovy Trading Company" (Moskovska torgovaya kompaniya) was founded in 1551, in the period of tsar Edward VI. However, the trade enterprise reached its own development for the support of lizaveti I. Commercial interests Muscovy Trading Company grali Chimalu role from diplomatic people between two countries. The Tsar's and the Royal Masses were often victorious as representatives of the Moscow company, and won’t be without a bargaining power from Moscow. The residence of the Moscow Company (Old English courtyard, ninth museum) was built not far from the Kremlin - Varvarka street. Єlizaveta Bula is a single woman, with whom I have been living Ivan Grozniy. The Russian tsar repeatedly looked at the possibilities of arranging matrimonial vidnosins behind the cordon (for example, with Katerina Yagellonskaya). A part of the epistolary beasts of Ivan the Terrible to lizaveti Tudor (11th message) became 1/20 of all the saved and published epistolary decline of Ivan the Terrible. The price is one of the most long-lasting leaflets of the Russian tsar. The first leaf is dated 1562 by rock. Tsar proponuvav to befriend and win over the politician's attraction in the face of confusion and unsettled surroundings. Єlizaveta responded with a message of love. I mean fakhivtsi, the sheet at the end is written in a rough tone, but Ivan the Terrible is an evil Englishman, and I’m going to be overwhelmed by it. Quote: “We thought that you are the ruler of your land and you want to be honored that you see your land. Already you have people volodiyut і not only people, alas і merchants men і about our sovereign heads, і about honor, and about land arrival not joking, but joking their trade arrivals. And if you are overwhelmed by your own divine rank, such a vulgar divine is. " The broth was interrupted, and it was renewed in 1582 rots. At the serpentine in 1582, the buv of directions to England Fedir Pissemsky with the instructions of the troubles about the union with the queen against the king of Poland at the war for Livoniya. Besides, the tsar mav namir befriend the queen's niece, Mary Hastings, Countess of Hoptington. Tse chergove, the matchmaking did not lead to anything, the protest of Ivan the Terrible against Elizabeth was trivial until the death of the tsar in 1584. Not badly before his death, the Earl of Leicester signed the service of his sine, Robert Devere, to the court. Tsey Garni and Horobry Yunak for the first time leaned against the court of 1587, since there were nineteen rockets, and at once he brushed the respect of the queen. Lizaveta loved such young people who had the fuse of war with a poetical soul. For a long time, Robert fought against France and the Netherlands, then turned to London and in 1593, he was appointed a member of the Royal for the sake of, having lost the title of Count of Essex. Influenced by his growth, and not a bargain dad and Sin Cecili, having swirled a little to a side, they felt like nalashtovuvati against the queen. Ale bulo pizno - lizaveta froze. Essex, as a spravzhny sings, obsipa his sovereign Vishukany compliments. “Nice, lovely, wonderful pani! - writing to win. - Let Your Majesty give me the right to speak about my cohannia, my cohannia should not be lost to my head, not from my not infringed wealth. Having lost the right, I vvazhayu, how my life is over, but love to rebuild navi. " The queen, from the satisfaction of the listener, and the compliments, was treated to the new lover as most naturally as it was from Lester. Already there wasn’t a young zakhanoy girl, and she didn’t climb over the top of her favorite. In the 1590s, England was struck by a terrible neurosis. The whole county was starving, and the king's servants were pulling the tribute down to the last cent. Viyna devoured more deeds, and the queen of the bull was tempted to sell part of the regalia of her ancestors for melting down. The sovereign machine of the grandfather often gave pain. Tsaryuvannya, scho hated by the extinguished world of that justice, ended in an atmosphere of destruction that lawlessness. all more people they wanted, that the land of the country was not an old queen, but an energetic Yunak, and such a people like Essex. The praise turned the count's head and sponded him to the stab. For the help of the friends, the guards, they tried to get the palace and knock down the queen, and the secret service immediately learned about the plans. In the fierce 1601, Essex, having learned about the failure of the serpent, calling out to the London rabble before the insurrection, and after him came the deprivation of the zhilyugidna purchase of prizes. For a short battle of the count, 25 fierce ones were buried and frightened. During the crisis, it was quiet, in the course of which the courtiers were intensively whispering to the offender of Alizaveti. The hired candidate for Bouv sin Mary Stuart, the Scottish king James VI, and the English lords thought they were outflanking him as well as for Elizabeth herself, since his sister was to be taken to the throne. Tse fought the queen, snarlingly and repeating: "Dead, still not stolen." "I have survived my hour," - said over there in the room. The bag of her royal won led to the last promises in front of the parliament, which was shown in Whitehall near the journal of 1601. Todi vona said: “At that moment, I’m borrowing at once, it’s impossible to show up for the one that has received more information from the land and to the people of the community, but I’m just so ready to give up life for their safety and prosperity. Life and tsarsyuvannya may be for me the price is deprived of doth, docks I serve for the good of the people. " In Veresna 1602, the queen was born to 69 rocky - vik, until which at that hour few people lived. Vaughn was thin and forcibly stood on her feet, ale for a zvichkoy badiorilas - walked the Hampton Court Park. For the hour of the Holy One, she got cold and didn’t get up from that hour: I sat in the sled, leaning on the pillows, and for the first time I saw myself into the world. Lіkarі zumіli zupiniti development of ailments, but still could not wіllіkuvati tіlo, tо old. The Queen of Mayzhe didn’t say anything and didn’t say anything to them, trying to get help with gestures. 21 the birch trees of the country could not even steal with their hand, and only those servants took a lot of trouble to stretch out and obey in lizhko. In the evening of the 23rd, the birch tree fell asleep, and the zranu from the rest of the Vyshov's chaplain Parri with the words "It's all over." To navigate her death Alizaveta "brought badness" to England. With the entrance to the throne, the Scottish Stewarty went down, and the two powers were summoned to unite. As usual, the legends about the “good Queen Bess” are far from the truth - they could be both savage and unfair. Well, one thing: Alizaveta Dbala about the greatness of her land and rightfully became Great. Dzherela.

Yulizaveta Petrivna, Russian Empress (1741-1761) was born on the 18th breast 1709 (for the new style - 29th breast) near the village of Moscow Kolomenskoye before the church was laid down by the czar Peter I and Martha Skavronskoy.

She grew up in Moscow, flowing into Pokrovska, Preobrazhenska, Izmailivska and Oleksandrivska Sloboda. Old Man at the Childhood Bachila Ridko. If the mother saw to Petersburg, the father's sister, Tsar Natalia Oleksiyivna, who was the family of Peter I's associate, took care of the vicarious emperor.

Tsesarivna started dancing, music, dressing up, ethics, earthy movs.

At 14 years of age, Alizaveta was voiced again and again, and it was thought that she was named. having passed a vid for the French king Louis XV. The whole plan didn’t come to fruition, and іlizaveta was asked to woo other Nimetsian princes; Ale the death of the betrothed confused tsey shlyub. So, not having dared to be called blakitnoy blood, the 24-richer red gave her heart to the court spider Oleksiy Razumovskiy.

Rozumovskiy, Ukrainian Cossack since 1731 as a soloist of the Emperor's Drop. If Elizaveta Petrivna remembered yogo, she asked yogo in Katerini I. Kolya Rozumovskiy, having lost his voice, beat him as a bandura player, she gave yo kheruvati one of her masters, and then with her own yard. In 1742, in 1742, she became friends with him as a secret whore at the village of Perov in Moscow.

Having become the empress, lizaveta sang her morganatic cholovik at the count’s honors, she beat her as a field marshal and a knight of her orders. Ale Rozumovskiy svidomo svidomo pissed on the part in the sovereign life.

Behind the description of the confederates, Єlizaveta Petrivna is a European-style bully. High growth (180 cm), small, slightly oily hair, variegated siro-blakitny eyes, correct mouth shape, healthy teeth.

The Spanish envoy, the Duke de Lirna, wrote in 1728 about the tsarivna: "Princess Alizaveta is such a beauty, as I am born bachiv. fear. Vona is not amused by the rosum, graceful and even flirtatious. "

The hour of ruling her mother and her nephew Alizaveta led more fun life at the yard. For the empress and ruler of the regent, the station became important. Lizaveta Petrivna lost a blisky camp at the courtyard, and she was distracted by all the lives of her patrimony, the Oleksandrivska Sloboda.

At nich, against 25 leaf fall in 1741, with the help of the guard of the Preobrazhensky regiment, Yulizaveta Petrivna saw a palace coup. The little Emperor Ivan VI of that sixth century was resigned, the favorites of the largest Emperor were condemned to the strati, protesting was pardoned and sent to Siberia.

At the moment of the coup d'état at Alizaveti Petrivna, it was specifically by the programs of his rule, the idea of ​​accession to the throne was taken by ordinary townspeople and the lower classes of the guard through dissatisfaction with the dominance of the earthlings at the Russian court.

We will first sign the book of Manifest by Alizaveta Peter II, who informed that after the death of Peter II, Edin won the right to decline to the throne. Coronation of urochistosti were returned on April 25, 1742 to the rock in the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. The Empress herself bowed down to the crown.

Having taken over the power of herself, Alizaveta Petrivna sped on the heights of people, as they took the throne, or took the bullets out of them, and put a new order out of them. The Grenadier company of the Preobrazhensky regiment was called life-campaign. Soldiers not for the nobles were insured by the nobles, corporals, sergeants and officers in the ranks. All the stench boils over the lands that were confiscated by the foreigners.

Lizaveta Petrivna voted the course of the turn before the fall of Peter the Great. By decree from the 12th day of 1741, the fate of the fate was punished all the decrees of Peter's hour "to hire them out and follow them unmistakably in the efforts of our state." Office of the Ministry of Finance. The Senate, Berg and the Collective of Manufactures, the Main Magistrate, the Provincial College were renewed. Also in the 1740s the prosecutor's office was renewed. Expansions for Peter I Karri for embezzlement and habarynstvo (strata, batig, liquidation of the main), Alizaveta Petrivna replaced the demoted from the rank, transferred to the service and education for children. The humanization of a huge life in rock and rule was found in the death curry (1756), decrees about the life of the ancient life and the divine.

On the vidminu view of the daddy, Alizaveta introduced a great role in the administrative right of that culture, not deprived of Petersburg, but of Moscow. For all the colleagues and the Senate in Moscow there was an invitation; Established in 1755 by the Moscow University in 1756, there were two schools on Mohovoy Street. The newspaper "Moskovski vidomosty" started to come out, and in 1760, the first Moscow magazine "Korisne rozvaga" was launched.

The great role of the governing body of Alizaveti Petrivny was played by the leader. At the earliest of the 1750s in the land, in fact, the young leader of the empress Petro Shuvalov, the young leader of the empress, Petro Shuvalov

Having accepted the development of that decree about falling asleep at 1754 Pozikovoy and Sovereign banks for noblemen and merchants.

Significant rewards and activities of the economic life of Russia in the history of the government of the Republic of Uzbekistan

The names of Ivan Shuvalov and the Russian encyclopedist Mikhail Lomonosov are linked to falling asleep at the Moscow University (1755), the message from the schools near Moscow and Kazan, from the names of Fyodor Volkov - the formation of Russian theater. In 1757 the Academy of Mistresses was founded in Petersburg.

In response to the power of the social sphere, which was adopted by May 17, Elizabeth Petrivna allowed the nobles, who are bound by the law of 1735, to serve on the officers arrive to the army. The Empress wanted to record the children with the police in the children, too, until the stench again could reach the officers' ranks. Continuing rounds of visits to the order about the preparation of Manifestus about the nobility of the nobility (signed by Katerina II), wishing the majestic vitrats of the nobles in their hungry consumers, growing vitrates to the courtyard.

Active bully and call of the politician of Alizaveti. When she came to the throne, Alizaveta found Russia at the vіynі zі Shvetsієya. In the course of the Russian-Swedish war of 1741-1743, Russia rejected a significant part of Finland. As the prototypes of the great potential of Prussia began to emerge, Alizaveta was introduced to the traditional traditions of France and the anti-Prussian union was adopted from Austria. Russia, for Alizaveti, successfully took part in the Semirichna Vіyni. After the capture of Kenigsberg, Alizaveta saw a decree about the granting of the Ukrainian Prussian rights to the Russian provinces. The culmination of the glory of Russia for Alizaveti was the take of Berlin in 1760 to the rock.

Alizaveta Petrivna herself has little weakness, as the rulers were not cheap. The head of the bullet is addicted to vbranya. For three days, she did not wear two different cloths on the throne. After the death of the empress, 15 thousand cloths, two screens of shocking pancakes, a thousand pairs of shoes and more than a hundred pieces of French mothers were left in wardrobes. This selection formed the basis of the textile collection of the Sovereign Historical Museum in Moscow.

Elizaveta Petrivna died on the 25th breast in 1761. As an officer of the decline, she named her nephew (sister of Anni's sister) - Peter Fedorovich to the throne.

After the death of Alizaveti Petrivna, there were a lot of impostors who made themselves known as children from the ship with Razumovskiy. Naybilsh, with the help of a figure, became so called the prince Tarakanova from them.

Material of preparations based on information on the basis of the critical dzherel

Elizabeth I Tudor (Nar. 7 Veresnya 1533 - pom. 24 birch 1603 r.) Queen of England, left from the Tudor dynasty.

The British philosopher and sovereign dyach Francis Bacon once said: “Life of the rule has been ripe for all the hours; in the distance the ruling - even more rіdkіstyu; in the distance and water hours dovge ruling is a unique phenomenon. " This sentiment was put before the last bitch - Queen Alizaveta Tudor, who ruled England for as many as 45 years, and in which it was just an unwitting specialty. Tom only on the banks of the Thames since 1890, there have been close to 100 biographies, and to the preludes of a small stock and rakhunku there are no more.

In the royal family of the people, don’t bring any special joy. Father Yulizaveti Genrikh VIII checks out on the eve of the decline, for whom he separated from the first squad - Katerina Aragonskaya, as a daughter Marya of the new Bull, and befriended with her cohan. The land lived in the early days of the holy days, so all the astrologers, like one, stverdzhuvali - a boy will be born. But it wasn’t there it was: on the 7th spring of 1533 from the king’s bedroom they brought the little girl ... Three rockets didn’t pass, as the king was once again befriend. Hanna was depressed, and the little girl was stripped of the "illegitimate people".

Shchepravda, tse played unrepentant service at the vikhovanna of the Maybut Queen of England. Visited the courtyard, she was engaged in the sciences, and she didn’t spite with palatsovy intrigues. The most beautiful readers from Cambridge were victorious, and the princess, in less than a short hour, poured French, Italian, Latin and walnuts. At the 10th birthday, she was read by the forebears of Plato and Seneca, Thomas More and Erasmus of Rotterdam, she changed the Heptameron by Margarity Navarre. The mother's share served as a good lesson for the princess. Vona early became commonplace, was carried around intelligently, she could easily demonstrate the skill and visibility of any home for the crown.

Rocky. If Єlizaveta accepted 14 years, dad died, having deprived one sin on the throne, given to him by the third squad. Through a series of rockets of that death and the throne passed to the daughter of Genrikh, a converted Catholic, she earned the "Krivava" mark for the most recent transfer of Protestants, before which belonged to the "illegitimate" sister.

Elizabeth, who saw the canons of the English Church, did not want to grieve for the Queen and fell into disgrace, as she passed into the fold in 1554, if Thomas Wyatt had rebelled against a fanatical ruler. If I want, Mabut, Alizaveta is not small for a great deal, the rebels tied great hopes to each other. Whoa, what if you won’t won’t be able to seize the church by the people? Unfortunately, the rebellion was strangled, and the princess spent 2 months in confusion.

After the death of Mary of the 25th century, Elizabeth Tudor appeared as a single decline to the throne and in the fall of leaves in 1558 she came to the English throne. In front of Alizaveta affirmed the freedom of religion in the land: "I am wooed by my king's word in the presence of God himself, so that no one will be given a good time, they will not be able to finish their meals, but only to the right."

The queen had an important decline: prototypical between Catholics and Protestants zberigalos, which is encumbered with serious internal ferments; they went out with the foreign powers, which led to an economic recession and inflation; the administration is weak, and the viscous is non-rooted. The queen's position was also not a matter of becoming imprisoned - it gave a welcome to the courtiers to be called "deprived of the woman" and not to be taken seriously.

Ale Єlizaveta Tudor is already ready for the Keruvati power. Vona took up the task of putting things in order with great care: she replaced 2/3 of Tamnoy For the sake of her relatives and political associates; she let go of the protestants who stood against Mary; distributed generous obitsyanka as well as the population of the camp of the best vernaculars of the population too. The style of the rule of Alizaveti I appears on the ear because of the unwitting tunefulness, in the minds of manipuluvat people and in the order of things, knows and compromises. They miraculously drank the rice of a strong monarch and a "weak" woman.

One problem did not give peace of mind to the members of Parliament: lizaveta became unimportant, wanting other applicants for the її hand didn’t win. Protest the queen rosumila, who is the wicked prince of the earthly prince to infringe upon the interests of Britain. Especially hospitable food has become a bit worse because of the fact that she got caught on the weekends and England did not lose her lord. Die out - immediately there would be a zhorstok fight for the throne. The petition of the lords deprived Yelizaveta: “How do you get me! The folds on my face are not snarls, but follow along, less than dumb and 30 rocky, and Lord, I am singing, send my offspring ... "

However, lack of love helped me to lavish on the rise of European policy. The queen examined her heart now to one, now to one of the "most powerful" people who have glazed at a lot of international problems. The renewal of the internal power supply was, of course, enthralled: as if the queen wanted to prohibit the new tribute for the replenishment of the belongings, the parliament decided to make a decision, and you don’t know anybody. Todi Alizaveta Tudor threatened that she would deny England, if the special people did not stop getting involved. When the House of Lords announced it, the House of Lords immediately overwhelmed its attacks, and the House of Communities simply cried out, asking for one of the unworthy deputies from the Politics to Tamenoy Radi. Yak result, all the gifts were taken carelessly.

Lack of love, love of love, protest among the people there was a lot of a bit about the queen's life. Podeykuvali, її innocence - the whole thing is physical vada. Favorites, however, are mali, and chimalo. Most of them finished their life on the square - lizaveta didn’t vibrate. Until the elder, she became a woman-hater, she could not tolerate the superwoman on her own and to the character of a typical old girl - pretentious, evil and neurologically important: she could easily give a court blunder or throw a shoe in denouncing.

As for simple children, then the queen was deceived by the rock for a long time, and the policy of landlessness of the villagers was carried out by her until the day. They did not help to gain the prestige of Alizaveti as a turbot mother of their people, nor did they distribute mercy for the palats' doors, nor did they travel to the land, at those who handed out scargs and gave out gifts. The queen nabridla everything, that death was checked with impatience. That one she herself mortally consumed from life, in which the need for demand would play the role and be ready, before the threat of permanent intrigues, stabbing those snakes.

Fighting for the queen of the Bulb queen's courtesy at the court is the norm of life. Tse led to the end of the grouping of those parties, as they often reached the last bit, and they put Britain on the border of the huge war. So, in 1571, they opened the door to the hired tycoon of all the Great Britain, the Duke of Norfolk, who was buried and stratified. At the same time, Elizaveta stood in front of an important choice and dyala in her own mind: she had two skasovuyu stratum, since NATO has already climbed around the scaffold, and Norfolk became a representative of the titled supreme, to which the queen was just as good. On the other hand, having become a serious person, she didn’t take it through the court.

The strangleness of a man was stabbed to a great extent by what Elizabeth Tudor came to feel: a few of the court nobility began to act quickly, until the last ten years of reign four times changed a number of members of the Tamnoy For the sake of, and for them, for the sake of their sake. The Parliament of Elizabeth I thought that there was a grave need, and that session sang even more rarely - less than 13 times for the fate of the rule. Vaughn herself solidified the laws, wrote her promises, and gave all the intelligence, well, the image of God, and let us go without transference to vikonuvati the will. As a rule, without having lost sight of it, the queen violated all the food in the first special conversations with the people who needed it, and she was asked to be deprived of it by means of various methods.

One of the most important sides in the history of British aristocracy is tied to the name of Elizabeth Tudor - life and death. The Scottish queen, according to the dіda - the decline of the English throne, at the persecution for the possession did not zupinyalya, to build, nor before whom, to visit before the murder of his cholovіk. As a result of the confrontation, which vibuhnuv, for her otochenii, Marya was moved to Britain, from the tsar's sister, about the throne of which she wondered recently.

It means that Marya wasn’t intertwined with the worlds: the insurrection was fought several times from the English until the last day. Ale unaffected by those who prove the guilt of the Catholic Sisters in their presence, the queen did not sleep with payment. Stuart grumbled to the Spanish courtyard, to the Vatican, and even all the leaves were indiscriminately on the tables of Alizaveti I. Why did the queen bother - even if her hands were too bad for the blood of her favorites ... the natural death of Mary, as her health was much weaker.

... Marya Stewart spent 20 rockies in the link. One hour from Chergov's political crises, 8 fierce 1587 fate, all the same they were straying. It is necessary to respect that, until the last moment, Alizaveta has been reeling from the blame for the death of her sister on the shoulders of others. Having signed the virok, she wondered how Mary was thrown "through the horns", it was inconceivable to take away. Nichto did not live long on such a villainy. If the sound about the stratum reached the queen, she simply fell into a hysterical: “I wrote the deaths of Mary only for usunenny not without security, but he was overwhelmed me, and gave a whole lot of papier ... roaming without my vidom and zgody ... "

1603, spring - Elizabeth I Tudor fell ill, was seen from the city, і 24 birch the queen-divina died. The day before she called it the decline to the throne, becoming the King of Scotland Jacob I, the son of Mary Stuart.

Already 400 years of age, Elizabeth 1 became the most unique specialty of any ruling monarchs. The meaning of the life of the woman in the history of England is even greater. The headquarters of the European Church was renewed by the English Church, which saved the land from the religious wars, on the basis of the European history of the XVI century; Won defeated Spain and colonized Ireland. For her, a tighter fleet was fired, most of them were destroyed geographic view, and England became the first among the European powers. The era of rule of Alizaveti Tudor is the "gold of the capital" of the English literature. It is not a skinny man-ruler who has lost such a trace of history.

Queen Elizabeth of England is one of the best and most eloquent figures of the New Kingdom.
Elizabeth I posed with all sorts of summaries, that a woman can rule England not in a bad way, no matter what. On one side, in the era of the new rule, as the monarch's love and love for the people were good, the land stood in front of the Bagatma people and successfully defended the might of Spain. From the side, rich in the past, it means that with her political successes Yulizaveta is bound to her closest radians with her political successes, and she was a weak ruler. Tsi super-streams do not feel like dosi.

Alizaveta, who has gone into history as Gloriana (from gloria - glory) and the Queen of the Divine, bully the spouse daughter of his colorful dad, Henry VIII, who had served as his butt. Vona firmly ruled over 45 rockets in a cholovic manner, in addition to the quirkiness of a wicked diplomacy, and helped her kingship to stand before the political enemies in the middle of the country and beyond the borders of the country.
This is the name of the Olyzavetin era - another half of the 17th century - to compete with one of the most recent periods in the history of England. The development of the vitality of the arts and poetry, music and theater, the poetry of William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlo, the most important memorials of the English literature, beautiful, subtle poetry of Edmund Spencer and Philip of the Sidreithyard as transferring the crowns of the drowned in the Spanish colonies of belongings ... Alizaveta herself didn’t go to see Sousy France, she didn’t like the exploits of her sailors so much as the heroes of the courtiers of the poets.

Age of Queen Elizabeth I

The Reformation was honored in England for Henry VIII. The reason for the Reformation was the preoccupation of the English nobility from the confiscated church lands and the exclusion of the English bourgeoisie to destroy the church simply and cheaply.
The drive to the Reformation was the vidma of the Pope of Rome to allow King Henry VIII to be separated from his first retinue by Katerina of Aragonskaya, the titular Emperor Charles V.
In 1534 Pope Genrikh VIII saw the act of supremacy (supremacy), due to which the king was denounced by the head of the English church. In the act about the inadequacy of the old Catholic dogmas and rituals; zmynyuvsya deprived of the head of the church, mice of the Roman papa having taken over the king; Episcopate became a pillar of absolutism. The new English Church occupied the middle camp with Catholicism and Protestantism. In 1536 and 1539 the rock was closed monasteries and confiscated in monastic land - awesome, of a kind of embellishment, gold and mediocre value that, most of all, great monastic lands.

The head meta of the king's Reforms fought in the hands of the rulers of the church lands, it was brought up from the history of the Roman church and the English church of the king's power. Ale confiscated lands were not well received in the king's belongings, at once becoming the object of trade and speculation; Often the stench was handed out to the king's leaders. The secularization of church lands is small and great social heritage. At the same time, new masters, vicarious ones from the middle and other nobility, partly from the middle class of the bourgeoisie, were rogue. The new masters of the secularized lands, prudently to advance their income, pushed the villagers out of their desires, or raised the rent to such changes that the masters didn’t get the power to pay, and the stench wasted their own money.
Under Edward VI, the Anglican Church had desperately approached Protestantism (the introduction of the dogma about riches), even since 1553, for the rule of Mary Tudor, daughter of Henry VIII and Katerini of Aragon, Yak Bula, the friend of the Reactor of Spain. Along with the spirit of Spain, the queen renewed Catholicism and began to pass over the Protestants. However, Marya did not bother to turn the monasteries of the earth and inshe maino. The letter of the unrevealed rule of the crown passed to the young sister - daughter of Henry VIII and Annie Boleyn Alizaveti (1558-1603).

Elizabeth came to the throne in 1558 after the death of her sister. Vona spent her youth unhappily. Mati її went to the scaffold, dad trimmed її far away, she didn’t see a legal decline. At the governing body of Mary Vona, she was overwhelmed by the insecurity of spending life, a representative of the “Buv Philip”. Ale hour passed not in vain. I won’t have a lot of thought and a small mind that can take the results of science. Ponad walnuts that Latin won knew єvreysku MOV, as well as a lot of єvropeyskikh Mov; there were no more than the last women, ala, you can say, to the top of the family. If she came to the throne, it was clear that she was not a little molded to the politics of the middle of the country. Cause bully, what they thought, she’s ready to bully Catholicism’s deeds, like Suvorius and fanatical Pope Paul IV didn’t get involved in the law, who took over the side of Mary Stuart, having made Elizabeth ill-fond of her daughter. Pope Pavlo IV, at St. Jump'utro Karafa (1476-1559), Pope of Rome from 1555. Cardinal in 1536. Prior to being scammed by the Pope, he scolded the Supreme Inquisition Tribunal. With a fanatical zhorstok_styu perel_duvav innakovіyuchih, fought with the Reformation (cake, bedroom on bagattі at the new became an ugly phenomenon). For the order of Paul IV at 1559 p. after the first visions of the "Index of Zaboronenikh Books". If he died, the people threw off his statue in the Tiber and burned it down in an inquisition. With the help of an unremarkable baptism of the Pope, the Religion of Vidnosini of Alizaveti was born: she became a member of the Cranmer party, the party of the reconciled Protestants. Thomas Cranmer, an English reformer, 1489-1556, from 1524 professor of theology in Cambridge, 1530-31 after a ruling until the day of the king's separation from the squad; at Nimechchina, having become acquainted with the reformers, then befriending the pastor's daughter at Nuremberg. Pislya of the turning of the works at the dignity of the archbishop of Canterbury, having pleased Genrikh VIII was sent to Rome; during the reign of the king, and especially under Edward VI, it began to prohibit reform. I will come to the throne of Mary (1553), 31 birch birch 1556 burned on bagatti. For the lizaveti act, visions for Mary, yakim, England turned into the bosom of the Catholic Church, stripped of the inevitable. Zibraniy at London Cathedral from the bishops confirming the will of the queen. The ritual books, zaprovadzheni for Cranmer, have already denied their implantation. In 1562, he saw an act of one-sidedness and singleness, a whole act of directions against Catholics and dissidents - Protestants, who were not taken into account by those who were outside the country. In 1571, the Bouv of visions act to Parliament ( English symbol viri), which voiced the Protestant land in England. In 36 articles of the Act, the head of the Anglican Church towards Catholicism and Protestantism was lost. Observing the dogmatic vchennі to Protestantism, won the zvnіshnyi, ritual side to adhere to Catholicism. Before the new symbol of viri bulo, the Calvinist dogma about the river is included. Suvor laws have been seen against Catholics. Buv zaboroneniye access to the English uzuytam. Catholics have little to do with generous tributes. The transition from Protestantism to Catholicism was brought up to the stately age.

Trivale forty-five years old tsaruvannya Alizaveti will come to the period of a special economic development of England. Osvita Numerical Trading kompanіy for torgіvlі of іnshimi kraїnami have to chislі of Іndієyu the America cob anglіyskoї zamorskoї kolonіzatsії, burhlive zrostannya anglіyskogo merchant fleet rozvitok suknyanoї manufactory all bіlshogo poshirennya kapіtalіstichnogo farming - OAO All tsі yavischa stanovlyat nayyaskravіshі RISS so Ranks vіku Єlizaveti.
Inspired by Protestantism, lizaveta went to the interests of the new nobility and the bourgeoisie, who would not protect the rights of the rulers of the monastic lands.
Yak for Henry VIII, the Parliament gave the Queen all the rights to fight against the feudal-Catholic ugly people. The Scottish Queen Marya Stuart, a candidate for the English crown, was brought up by the Catholics (also those who were seen in the life of the Tudor dynasty), for the help of the agents of Elizabeth Bula Vignan from Scotland. Bigshi to England, Marya Stewart after having a meal at the full until Elizabeth. The song of the bagatore was lost in 1587. The strata of Mary Stuart became a serious and different kind of Catholic reaction in Europe. Pope Sixtus V, with a special bull, called out the Catholics to destroy England.
At the right of Mary Stuart, the agents of the King of Spain Pilip II took a great lot. The feudal-Catholic reaction of the whole of the middle land and of Spain was, however, uncomfortable with the district of Alizaveti. For the most part, Spain became the national gateway of England for another important reason. In the world, as the capital of the English sea trade was developing, Spain became more and more a headache for the English bourgeois children to penetrate into the number of Spanish-Portuguese colonies.

Єlizaveta pidtrimuval the Dutch revolution in the name of the weakening of Spain. English ships from the house of the Alizaveti attacked without any destructive action on the Spanish flotilla, which went from America to Spain with expensive vantazhs, and robbed them. Two of the most important admirals of Alizaveti - Drake and Gaukins - gave their political career yak pirates. To finish with the English piracy and to innovate in England with the help of the Spanish inflow, perhaps until the hours of Mary Krivava (Mary Tudor), Philip II in 1588, having broken through the disappearance of "Impossible Armadia".
In England, there is a lot of struggle for the national independence of the land in Spain. The army was sent to the land army for the landing of the landing force and the captor of London and the fleet, having found close to 200 combat and transport ships. The majority of the fleet became private merchant and pirate ships, overseen by the other cities of England. To oppose the Spanish English fleet, it was formed from light shvidkohid ships and equipped with artillery. According to the tactics that have been adopted until the end of the day: a unique general naval battle, a more active attack on the ships and others on the flanks of the armadi. Expeditions of English ships were laid down from sailors, who passed garnu school they often took part in the pirates' nalots on Spanish ships from the merchant fleet of the Ribal. Hawkins, Relі and іnshі great pirates and sailors of that hour took part in the battle with the armada. The English have helped the Dutch fleet.
On the 26th of April 1588, the armada went out of La Coruna and through a few days up to the English waters near Plimut. Zvidsey went straight to Dunkirk. Tse buv moment, zruchny for the attack of the English fleet. Sea battles were tripled two times, and as a result the armada could not reach Dunkirk. The Spanish fleet did not reach into the land of the sea, but there was a large number of ships. The great demoralization of the sailors and the soldiers took the command of the armadies out of the way. Ale the strong wind did not allow the voyage to float across the English Channel. The storm vibrated, threw away the ships of the armadie on the shores of Scotland and completed the fire. On the western Uzbek coast of Ireland, a bulo was taken in full of 5 thousand vicinities and a storm of spants.
For the bend of the armadi, the sea can be seen from the sea. Panuvannya on the sea began to move to England and Holland, where they saw the possibility of living a great colonial dumping and speeding up the process of cob accumulation and development of capitalism. 1596 The English ships destroyed the Spanish fleet at the harbor of Cadis.

Internal successes new policy The lizaveti even gained authority in the eyes of the bourgeois classes of England. Parliament has generously subsidized її district. In the protest of the tsar of Єlizaveti, there appeared signs of dissatisfaction with the bourgeois regime with absolutism. Chastkovo tsya opposition was circulated among the critical voices of members of parliament. In 1601, parliament sharply protested against the queen of trade, which was practiced, with patents on the monopoly of industrial goods by some individuals or companies. I needed to be involved in the process of helping the parliament. Not having bought the parliament of concessions to the queen's church policy. A part of the bourgeoisie of the new nobility was cringing to the destruction of the reform of the English Church into kshtalt Calvinism. Ale lizaveta didn’t want to portray it in the Episcopal English way, for which the bishop was re-transformed into the most hearing people in a way of absolutism.
Opposed moods of maturity and posture by parliament. In such a hand-made form, it was represented by the dissatisfaction of the bourgeois classes, which had grown and changed, by politics of absolutism, which had a new religious-ecclesiastical straightforward, which I would call it puritanism. Puritans called a collection of clerks of the English Church, even quietly, as most of them advocated the cleansing of this cult from the remnants of Catholicism (the very word Puritans resembles the Latin word purus - pure). For the first time, the name of the Puritans appeared in the 60s of the 16th century. In 70-80-tі rock, the number of їх in England has greatly increased. Puritans at the end of the day, organisationally, posed for a visit to the Panian Anglican Church, from which they had their own special church communities with the elected elders (presbyters) on the choli. The puritanical ecclesiastical communities became insensitive to the independence of the church on the right. With such a rank, the English bourgeoisie and the English new nobility repaired their education in the religious region in order to move to fight against all the feudal-absolutist harmony in general. Already in the XVI century in the English Puritanism two straight lines were clearly seen: the other right - presbyterian, represented by the most bourgeois and great nobility, and sometimes - the Independent, as well as the Bourgeois The order of the Lizaveti was put in the edge to the brink of the Puritans. The Puritans, like the Catholics, were arrogant about peresliduvan. Okh, like catholics, they were imprisoned before the vyaznitsa, they were banished from the country, and they were given all kinds of fines. Ale the number of Puritans prodovzhuvalo zrostati, witnessing more and more about the separation of the bourgeois classes, who are getting ready for absolutism.

At 1600 companies, the Bulo was organized by the Ost-Indian Company - the leader of the colonial English policy in India. For the shareholder companies the queen was taken care of, and I mean a part of the arrival, without pretending about the poses of those gifts. Expeditions were organized for the development of new lands. One of the first bullets from Frobisher's expedition. Martin Frobisher (about 1530 or 1540 - 1594), English navigator. In 1576-78, from the hour of the pivne-wandering way to China and the Indies, from the beginning of the pіvdenne and pіvedenno-shіdne Uzbekshore Deivis ducts), in the form of a "duct" (which has emerged as a stream), named after yogo im'yam. Until that time, the Arctic voyages were commanded by pirates' ships; in 1588 he took part in the battle against the "Impossible Armadi". In the rest of the royalties of the Ost-Indian company, the fleet of the East-Indian company went to the “Spice Islands” (Maluky Islands) and in the Indian port of Surat, which started trading in England from the Indian, and went on to the Portuguese ship. your post-trade factor.

Alizaveta Bula was a non-abiyak ruler, as she was victorious over the entire previous political life of Tudor. Vona defended the high prestige of the persecution, gave the feudal nobility all-purpose support with the help of the great viplats from the belongings, the forgiveness of the Borgs, land plots, and the distribution of posad. The queen's far-sightedness was evident in the fact that she pushed against the ground with her support of the bourgeois-noble stake. Let us fall in love with the symbol of buv pelikan, which, after the passing of the year, is fowled with meat, virvanim from strong breasts. Pelikan uosoblyuvav bezmeless queen's turbot about the nation.
Alizaveta brought to perfection the policy of laviruvannya between the nobility and the bourgeois-noble camp, a tradition for the Tyudors.
The protection policy of the Tudors took the progression into the trade and trade. An important role in the development of the cloth was played by the statues of Henry VII, as they fenced the viviz outside of the unfinished cloth from England. Navigation acts of both Genrikhiv liked the seafaring and trade of the English merchant and went to the English market of the Inozems. Elizabeth I actively nurtured new crafts - vyrobnitstvo skla, paperwork, bavovnyi fabrics and ін. From the initiative of the boulevard of the great share of the partnership, they sent the yak_stribka to the general industry and metallurgy.
For example, the XVI - the ear of the XVII century, the capital of the crown, the dedication to the future became more effective. Progressive material creation of the feudal aristocracy in the expansion of the royal rule. However, at the end of the hour, Elizabeth I was stuck with a severe financial deficit. Vitrati for the fight against Spain, for the aid of the Protestants in the Netherlands and France, for the root of Ireland, they emptied the storehouse. The queen is mesmerized by the bully to sell the crown of the earth. Rosemiri and її pity that straight viplat iz the belongings to the nobility have passed away. Tse wicked dissatisfaction with the feudal aristocracy, wagging into an anti-ordinary serpent in 1601 on the cholі with Count Essex. On the 8th of the fierce 1601 fate in London, the stinks came to the street under the ensign from the images of the coat of arms by the Earl of Essex, and went to the city of insurrection. A little more Londoners, justly checked out from the victors of the wicked ones, after the turn of the frowning hours of the feudal feuds, did not create rioters. The queen's soldiers easily fought the rioters, and so they fought, Count Essex and his clerks were buried and planted in the Tower. Protest of Elizabeth, in a fight against the midst of London's life, she trimmed the capital to the military camp with a stretch of two years. Silently built in the middle of London County Medlsex. With such minds, Taumna was glad to have spirited Essex with deaths of virok, and for example, fierce winners of suffering; punished and stabbed to death. Immediately, from the rise of claims to the queen from the side of the conservative camp, snorts were ripening from the crowns of bourgeois nobility. In the last years of her rule, Alizaveta quickly put a grip on the parliament, in the presence of new and new subsidies, in the collection of new and new subsidies, in the collection of primus poses. Vona began to rise up to the date of the trade meeting and conquer the merchant companies. Particularly dissatisfaction with the population has gone up in the 90s of the 16th century, there is an unprecedented increase in the number of private monopolies, which have broadened to a large number of services and trade in all types of goods. The state of regulation of the economy, which stimulated development until the 60s and 70s, has now been transformed into galmo.

The parliament has formulated a disagreement, as it has begun to fix an active opyr of the crown in socially-economical and political food. In the remaining parliaments of Alizaveti, a conflict broke out between the House of Communities and the Queen through a monopoly. In 1601, the rosi of the misfortune had a great first serious success, having come to know the deeds of them.
The disruption of the balance in the social and economic policy of the crown, and the financial bankruptcy and conflict between the king's dominion and parliament were brought to the notice of those who, even for example, the XVI - on the ear of the XVII century, the English crisis began.
Єlizaveta trimala blisky dvir. Rose the honor of the Super Juval її in London or Zamіskі Palace - Hampton Court, Grіnvіch, Richmond, Whitehall, Windsor. Let us be fond of the Queen's palace, Bouv Richmond. In London, Nicholas did not stay in the Tower, and two months were remembered in the rock of the governing sister Marya, as the fellows witnessed, played the sounds of the king, as they saw the baggage of the king of the unimportant sound. Shcholita Alizaveta violated in the "nyvisch podoroz" Pivdennoy and Central English (nikoli was not vibrated for the first time). The Queen was supervised by a sprinkle of hundreds of courtiers and servants. A cortege of small families of small nobles, which was a great joy for them: at a pererakhunka for a penny one day, the queen and her fellows spent a hundred thousand pounds.

The culture of England under Alizaveti

Sixteen capitals, the colishn_story of England, capitals of the inception of capitalism, which at that hour was the period of the rapid development of the culture. An occasional new humanistic idea in England, Oxford University. The English Humanities of the Oxford Gurtok Grosin, Linakr and John Colet Bouly, who were flooded by the chanuvalists of the antique literature, strongly propagated in England the promotion of the walnuts, as, on the thought of the culture of modern antiquities, culture. The stench infused the form of the humanistic ideas of the English literature. Particularly great book іdeyniy і moral infusion of John Colette (1467-1519). Sin of a rich merchant and the mayor of London, Colet vivchav with France and Italian theology, prepared to the dignity of a preacher. Winning good knowledge of the ancient literature, the pratsyu of the Italian humanities. Likewise, to his readers, Colette, having drawn the sacred writings of Plato and the neo-Platonists. He pricks him with a hot keeper of the humanistic system; Vislovyuvavsya against the oppressive punishments and scholastic methods of modernization. At the school of his school with a humanistic program, the young vikhovannya opanovuvala Latin that walnut move, not only to the Christian literature, but also to the works of the ancient classics. The teachers of Koleta in England have appeared svitski, called grammatical schools. It stabs it into Thomas More.

Thomas More (1478-1535), Chancellor of Henry VIII, bore the record of all the quiet people, who carried with her the era of the first heap in England. Win bachiv folk dashing, called fences.
In the first part of his novel-treatise "Gold is a book, so it is corny, like kumedna, about the most beautiful device of the state and the new island of Utopia." From the name of the old man Raphael Gitlodey Mor rozpovidak about the happy land on the distant island of Utopia (in Greek, "unseen place"). The country has no private power. Effort of the inhabitants of the island to work, are engaged in a craft, and, by virtue of it, in a silly statehood. The managers of all the members of the partnership produce products from such great quantities, as it is possible to supply them for the needs of the skin. Osvita is available to all members of the suspension, won’t be rutted on the basis of theoretical studies for labor migrants. With the help of the fortune, they grow the posters of the individuals, which are worth one pound. Chi does not change if the prince, who is called that posada zalishayutsya dovichnі. Please, it is important to show up at the national gatherings of the utopians. Few do not play the same role in Utopia, but before them they were put in an unkind manner: from gold to play the lancers for the villains.
The organization of the craft was presented to Moru in the same form, from the included third parties, who were engaged in this craft. In the suspension of Thomas More, there was slavery, albeit slaves for the time being they were deprived of the condemnation of evil. Rabbi vikonuvali nibrudnіshu and navzhchu robot. A working day in Utopia has been for many years, for which Utopians have taken up the sciences. Mora's geniality lies in the fact that it is necessary to carry out the principle of compulsory communication for all workers and general problems of the development of the area between the city and the village, between the physical and the physical practice.
Apparently, Thomas Mor, having opened his "Utopia" before that, as Alizaveta went to the throne, ala Idea, being hung in his creation, they literally poured onto the miscellaneous and literary hours. Thomas More was a great sovereign man: for Henry VIII, he became Lord Chancellor, the first person in the state of the king. Ale Mor stood up against the English Reformation. On the vimoga of the king, the buv of condemnations and sufferings in 1535 rotsi. At the present time in clerical history, Thomas More is seen as a martyr for the Catholic faith, against which Elizabeth was so outspoken. As a matter of fact, Morbouw is a cure for weather tolerance. Yogo "Utopia" can not be judged by the skin and not to be judged.

The Hour of Government of Alizaveti is the hour of the development of the humanistic theatrical art, which has brought in such a suspenseful period of Revival. The most representative of the English Renaissance is William Shakespeare (1564-1616).
Shakespeare's works have a bright twist of the humanistic ideas of the English Renaissance. In his comedies "The Venetian Merchant", "Bagato to the Noise of Nichogo", "The Dream of a Summer Night" and those of the others, they felt the joy of life, cohannia, struggle for a share. All of this creativity has been taken over by the people to the extent that people are right there. In the comedies of Shakespeare, having portrayed thoughts, feeling and experiencing people, as they appeared from the religious, mystical, middle-aged look.
In the tragedies "Hamlet", "King Lear", "Othello", "Korіolan" and those of the Shakespearers, wandering from the foldable and super-eloquent situation in England at that hour, showing the intricacies of the humanistic and mysterious morality of the people from the ethical zhagoy zbagachennya, by the power of pennies, re-negotiating special interests with suspicious, hypocrisy and hypocrisy.
In his historical passages, Henry VI, Richard III, King John, Henry V Shakespeare show past England and more closely analyze the political struggle of that hour, and ruin the power. Shakespeare is a cemetery of solid royal power, absolutism. Shakespeare is the lucrative leader of the feudal anarchy, the university oligarchic politics of the feudal-aristocratic elite.

Most of the special features of the English Renaissance manifested themselves in the scenic art. At the 16th century, the theater in England had a bunch of people, representatives of the population were gathered. It was introduced by aristocrats and gentlemen, merchants and officials. Villagers came to the theater, they brought the market to the place, craftsmen, sailors and port robots. Effortless gazes were quick to react to p'esu, groups of actors, and some remarks. Vistava went either to the grasses of the publishers, or to the screams of the drone, then to the great movement.
In the other half of the 16th century of London, theaters appeared at a low level, both large and private. The Globus Theater, de Shakespeare booted as a playwright and payowik, was very popular. It is located on the outskirts of London, the river Thames, and it was a magnificent shed without a dahu, which could accommodate up to 2000 glances. Podannya was deprived of the day, there was no piece of illumination. Near the boule parterre, there is a found work, near the boule boule, there are crete lodges in 2-3 tiers for a possible publication. The Shakespeare scene is famous for the boolean pomist, raised above the floor to the parterre, depending not on, the props are primitive.
The repertoire of the theater has a lot of performances from the history of England, especially middle-aged (the dramas of Christofer Marlo), and to bring the dramas of tragedy, in some people there were conflicts, taken from life.
Ben Johnson (1573-1637) is seen among the poets-playwrights of the younger generation. Ben Johnson, the author of many comedies, in opposition to Shakespeare, has shown in his creativity the anti-feudal and anti-absolutist moods of bourgeois disagreement, which has grown, the end of the XVIth ear of the XVIIth century. Yogo image of the prestigious court suspension, noblemen-kutiliv, habarynstva, svavilja of the royal courts and officials, showing off, wearing a purely political and satirical character and without the middle preparation of the bourgeoisie of the public
The era of the Renaissance was marked by the appearance of the greatest English philosopher Francis Bacon.
But not all the canopies, but the view of the painting, is equally split. In architecture, the Tudor style is so called, which is not more than the first croc to the sound of the middle Gothic. These elements are taken right up to the greatest architect - Ainigo Jones (1573-1651). Ainigo Jones's beautiful tvir is a project of the Whitehall Royal Palace, which has only a small amount (Pavilion Banquetting House), the same style of the high Renaissance with architectural forms, which can create its own national roots in England.

As for painting, then for Alizaveti in England the number of painters of the so-called other division, the Flemish Flemish, was much higher. For the establishment of the royal portraits, the following rules have been broken up. The portraits of the queen of mali were deprived of appearances, as they were afraid of being deprived of maysters at the vibration of the state of Alizaveti. Having withdrawn the canon of Suvoriy's portrait of the court portraits, which later expanded to cover the entire aristocratic portrait. The composition of such portraits of a bully is static, on the guises of bullets from the daytime emoticons, the stench of bullets is not alive, and the details of the costume were deprived of respect.
A portrait miniature of a Bula in a wide variety of events for the manifestation of creative imagination. The art of portrait miniature flourished in England. Leading English miniaturists boule Hilliard and Oliv.
Hilliard opened the folding miniatures, on which images appeared on the outside of the building. Oliver pratsyuvav at the same technology, as well as Hilliard, ale of yogo miniatures, but a great plasticity is attached to the miniatures. Win vikoristovuvav light, experimenting with an ultramarine background.
In the English music provincial boules, the chamber works are madrigals, as well as the church choir.

Person of Єlizaveti

Alizaveta has gone into history for the "Queen of the Divine". Ї In the forefront of the story, the queen is not a small child. Some of the pre-eminent people respected that the queen was suffering for nothing. At their visnovkas, the stench ruled at the fact that Elizaveta's sister Marya Tudor was bred, she also suffered for harmlessness, and Elizaveta herself was singled out, but in the other family є as if the sickness was falling. Protest, blessings of the party, posed on the brides of children, close to the queen - physicians, pralen, servant, bless, the queen was good until the day of birth. However, at the same time, there is only one fact, such as buv vidomy - tse those, that lizaveta nikoli did not suffer for a broken cycle. It’s quite obvious that it’s a fact not to talk about those that Elizabeth could have been a mother of children. In Europe, on the ear of the twentieth century, a radical version has been expanded, that lizaveta was a queen-divine in a literal meaning, tobto. deyakі physiological specialtiesїї organism was not allowed її to enter at the closest woman. This version also didn’t know the expected approval, it also didn’t know which one had the “physiological specialties”. This version was also based on the famous sheets of Mary Stuart before Elizabeth, in which Mary Stuart is called not like a mustache woman, not a whore.
However, look at the queen's lack of love and hunger for romanticism. Mozhlvo, explained on the basis of a simpler and more contentious: її nebazannya viyti zimіzh - ni scho іnshe, as a political decision. Єlizaveta loved to repeat herself, as she was “befriended with England”; As a matter of fact, the so-called "wicked igri" at the court were re-created by the efforts of the queen and not on the main part of the game. The marriage of earthly princes has been trimmed near the post-conflict regions of the land, more than the deputies of the Alizaveti (as it is already known) will eventually destroy the political economy in Europe and the establishment of the growing forces. The Tsim Queen sped up. Don’t go out of your way to win, won’t, why don’t you wait in the camp for "enlisting" with this challenger: so, for example, the matchmaker of the French Duke of Alencon was not trivial, richly - 10 rockets (from 1572 to 1582 rubles!); From the political situation in France and Spain, Alizaveta either approached or saw the contender, having won Katerina Medichi (regent of France) and Philip II (King of Spain), the unbearable lover of the Anglican Habsburgs.
Do not go out of sight and out of sight. The queen-divine is small, she is not intertwined with the power to enchant with the powerful charm of her radics and courtiers. The choloviks, zakohanі in her, were afraid sooner and were re-created on the new ones. In the same time, Elizabeth was not particularly bothered: lovlyachi dear, won, prote, knew all the correct price; There was a lack of one "zakokhanosti" here, and in the hearts of the court it was the same, like among the foreign princes, there was a hope for the love of this lady. Have різні rocky tsiu nadіya was pled by such notable English nobles, yak Pіkering, Arundel; Leicester. Anything raspyuyuchi bazhannya in the minds and hearts of the choloviks, Elizabeth Zhodny never thought about it seriously. Zanadto close zishtovuyuchis from zhakhlivym, unrepentant cholovic vanity and marnoslaudedness, she could not but indignate the choloviks. In their slavery in front of her, the stench sank into absurdity (so, for example, one provincial nobleman, who is Kargli, voluntarily settled for the role of a blasphemy at the courtyard) - just in that way, as if they were favored at the mercy of the ї side. Varto їy trokhs to ease up - and the people of the mittєvo forgot about their unearthly kohannya (їi favorite, Count Robert Lester, since Elizabeth was very important on the weekends, impatiently checked for the death of the supervisors of thousands of people). To reach their goals, the people didn’t respect them: they didn’t have any solid political overtones, or moral principles. The same Lester, on the very cob of the 1560s, if you were to dismiss Alizaveta for the squad, the Tanuti thought for the squad, taking obscene pleasures behind the monarch's back with Philip II: as if the rest of the family was in love with the queen, Ladies English and Keruvati region are considered to be of interest. Tse was shouting with great joy; Suddenly, the queens became like those who were planning, and Lester would not be punished for what they demanded. However, when I sent an incident, I forgot about the possibility of a boat with Alizaveta. She didn’t trust him anymore, his self-esteem didn’t allow him to see the obvious.

We will be the one in charge at the court, who koristuvavshy the queen's unassuming leader, Buv Vilyam Cecil. Mayuchi will be a wonderful mint for the family, I won’t be able to see Alizaveti and not be honored by the yak cholovik. Win buv to finish smilivy, but not to wait with her, and to finish smart, to press in, how to wait. Yogo firm political reconciliation allowed the trimatis to be consistently readable. Vіn buv nadіyniy i vіddaniy. Win buv bagati, dbaylivy and honest, and all try the enemies of the queen before buying it, they failed without glory. Who knows, perhaps, the queen fully respected that only a lyudin could become the first person. However, here it is necessary to break the hesitant: unaffected by his sympathy to Cecil, Alizaveta paid humiliatingly little to you. Winning at the sheets to friends, scho sovereign aid yomu ledve vistachaє to fix the stables, and because of the temptations to live their own kind of mothers and climb with the Borg. For 20 years of service, Alizaveta wines didn’t take it away, but it didn’t take it out for chotiri fate from King Edward (generosity, unfortunately, was not included in the list of the Queen’s garbage).
The unmanly queens saw the head and the mother: to be saved vlasny life, Bo, in spite of national interests, Єlizaveti is not required for a spadkoєmets. The visibility of the aforementioned priymach did not allow the intriguing of a particular people and set precedents for snakes against Alizaveti. Vіdstnіst declinekmtsya bula її special guarantee, a patent for ownership. Ale tse bulo is also a disagreeable problem for the state. The queen was often sick, and sometimes it was important, and the camp was close to panika. In the afternoon, the situation in the state began to strongly skip to the front: the numerical faction and the party of the mali namir mіtsno hop for the power.
You need to say that the minus of the queen-divi camp didn’t cross the plus. The extravagance of the queen's attention to the special courtesy of the queen blew unhealthy at the courtyard, the nervous atmosphere of a permanent supernatural, outrageous hatred and squabbling squabbles. We were intriguing and we were getting one one. For the reason that with the skin head of the queen of the boule "specials of a stosunka", factional conflicts, the essences of that fortune-teller at the courtyard did not hang out for a day, but, zoosly, the edge destabilized the backward political situation in the state. The emotional rivn of the monarch's spirits and pidlegs leading up to the fact that at the court they constantly slept dribni and great snakes, which, viciously, gave the Queen's security officer. However, she won’t be handled by the power (and absolutely) mistrust to the choloviks, but she didn’t allow them to have their vibrations on one of them, and to the very edge of insecure intrigues. Mother wondered more beautifully skittish piddani, not skittish not.
There is not the most significant shortcoming of the declared divinity, gliding at the end of the day with the side of the people. True, the chimerical and far-fetched ideals that Alizaveta the woman took for herself, went to the Catholic chernitsa, altogether not even the first names of England. In the eyes of ordinary people, the queen was not only a queen, a ruler, but a woman, moreover, a woman, absolutely unburned from the look of a healthy deaf: to see the way out and the people of the children. The people, for their own cleverness, began to guess a riddle: there was a riddle about Alizaveta who was free of any kind, often disagreeable. Її bezcholov'ya explained in two ways: there’s either a “rasspusnitsya”, or “it’s not in order” with her. The first version especially favored the authority of the queen among ordinary buyers, the lackluster parentage was more active than the novel and ill fantasies: the queen was attributed to non-voluptuousness and lackluster illegitimate children. Other firmness may have become even more unimportant for the prestige of the crown: we are fantastically sensitive about the physical indulgence of Alizaveti to take turns of itself. Nareshti, the very understanding of the Virgin Queen, gave birth to the other hot heads on the other side: in 1587, before the dead Cecil, they were delivered by the same agents right on the streets of London, there was Emmanuel Plantagenet - “the blue of the queen of the unremarkable forsaking.
Elizabeth fully understood that the queen's camp would bring England a lot of problems, for which it was obvious that the problem of decline was absolutely unrelated. However, won’t be afraid of the call of nothing, but change the camp of speeches.
Contrary to the ideas that have been approved, Elizabeth is not wise and a strong sovereign man, who has followed a reasonable political line to the interests of his country. Shvidshe, won’t be in the edge of a non-secular and non-silly monarch, like a pragmatic person to see. She didn’t want to see the string concept of the sovereign power, apparently until she could have found her own rule. Accept those chi іnshe rіshennya, vona was seen keruvatisya not deprived of national interests, and th іncoli a healthy deaf, more, being a queen, had lost all over the edge of the region's neurologically important іsteric women. She was rich in regards to the talent of the state secretary, Vil'yam Cecil; The queen, claiming the right "ultimo ratio Regis", shwed down, didn’t help Cecil to carry out a reading of the politics, as from the national interests of England. Shino Cecila is gone, the entire visibility of the state of the Alizabetan state is visible, like a carted little boy: it has appeared, but there are no residual problems in the state.
All of her tsar, Alizaveta, didn’t get overwhelmed by the current problems: she won’t be overwhelmed by it, so I don’t think so much about those who, well, will become from the English letter and death. English tsіkavila її nagato less, nіzh more prosperous: Єlizaveta bula by his wickedness, hey, by his dominion.

Fairy queen

The Єlizaveti dedicated their creation richly to artists and singers at that hour. One of the most famous ones dedicated to the Queen is Edmund Spencer's "Queen of the Fairies" (at the Russian crossbar "Queen of Spirits").
Edmund Spencer was born in London, in the noble homeland, having received education in Cambridge. In 1569, Spencer letting his perches go, young people create - cross from Petrarch and Dubelle. In 1579 he finished the university course. Spencer, having cut off access to the courtyard in an hour, deceased to be the intercessor of the Queen of Alizaveti, ale niyak could not become the courtiers. Spencer continued to write first, and I think, adding stepwise wide popularity with his creators, at the same time constantly demanding and marrying to occupy a place in the administrative light, to polish one's material development. Lish until the end of his life, having taken away from the queen a pension of 50 pounds sterling for his poem "The Queen of the Fairies"; the rest of the rock of the provinces, the head rank, at his little boy Irish mautka Kilkolman, which was given to the gift by Lord Gray, the victorious king of Ireland, and which was the win of the temptations of the boy, who had been trying to get rid of the villagers, who He died in three months of writing in London, as well as a family, and of praise at the Westminster Abbey. The fellows highly appreciated Spencer's poetry, calling him a prince a poet, and hearing about Spencer John Milton, as well as John Dryden. Spencer, infiltrating the poetry of English romanticism, was inherited by Robert Burns and James Thomson. Charles Lem called him a poet of poets. His creativity infused the creativity of Persia Bishia Shelli, John Keats and George Gordon Byron.

"Queen of the Fairies" vvazhaya most beautiful creature Edmund Spencer. We eat Spencer with a rich imagination, vitality more poetic than a glimpse of nature, a reminder of writing with garnishing, greasy and colorful language. Winning more and more quickly with the old people talking about King Arthur and the faces of the Round Table, English folk mythology, as well as mythological images old times; at the new one, Diana, Venus, Cupidon, Morpheus, nimfi, satiri, veletni, dwarfs, chakluni, fairy, elfi. Personal ideals and traditions, which at that hour had already gone into the field of transfer, had not yet been forgotten by the literature, maddenedly reproved by Spencer's sympathies; an old person, with us, that at a new bulo of a noble, worn out, poetic chi, vitality, come to life in his poem. Descho rozholodzhuh of a bitter reader, an allegorical character, nodding "The Queen of the Fairies", deceiving the detachment of garlic - peace, conscientiousness, justice - and vices, before the battle of the head hero with the powers that bewitched him, the Catholic struggle against the Angels.
Spencer having written 6 books from fortune-telling 12. So let's eat the book to avenge the legend about the Face of the Crimson Cross, or about Holiness; the other books describe the legend about Ser Guyon or about Pomirnist; the third book is a legend about Britomart or about Tightness; the fourth book - the legend about Kembel and Telamond or about Friendship; p'yata book - a legend about Artegel or about Justice; shosta book - a legend about ser Kalidor or about Vezhestvo. At first glance, you might be able to start eating abstract, schematic and not much to see from the middle middle alegories. Ale varto porinuti u poemu, and also anticipatory growth inaccurately. Alegoria will accommodate to the charming line, the mysterious richness of meaning. Alegoria doesn’t apply for the call, being alegoriu alegoria, but at my own heart I set up alegoria and so far without finishing. It’s important to say that, since I’m going to end up with some kind of tvir, I don’t want to play around, but rather to beat myself like bi for the author’s mimic participation. The author is a wake-up call and an hour to scold the labyrinth, because the reader cannot know the way, I will explain the temptations for the death of the author, if the author, perhaps, may not have died, but if I have lost it, I’ve lost my love to Tom's labyrinth, who’s bilim with a deer. Before the speech, according to Spencer, you can call it "Queen of the Fairies" at the crossbar, ale fairys in English for both articles, and even perfume.
Singing to Spencer for your special features will be explained in a special introduction. Tse - the famous sheet to the gray of Walter Roley, is on the list of Dante Aligiri to Cana Grande della Scala with the drive of the "Divine Comedy". Spencer talk about the allegorical nature of his singing and explaining the composition of the story. The sheet has been sent to the first three books to eat, to the skin of those who are called self-explanatory about the share of the three heroes. Spencer will explain that the development of the plot lines will be made in addition to buy it in twelve books. Only there it will be said, to whom the hero of the first song is the face of the Red Khrest, the hero of the other is Ser Guyon, and the third hero is the warrior Britomartis. It is not enough in the twelve books to know the images of those sacred in the kingdom of fairies, as it is three days and twelve days in which this day is marked by an ear of what a glorious person is useful. In addition, since Spencer did not want to distribute his message about the future, as it is natural for him to see the suitability of his heroes, he was given signs of aristocratic visukanism, the power of his mystery. Mozhlivo, sings after the song of Ariosto, which is also unique in a simple logical move.
The English reality was seen in the singing of Spencer, but it was even more monotonous. To live, how Spencer loves not so happy England, like England of the distant past, England of old people, England of Chaucer's love, and, well, far away. Renaissance England Spencer has only one bik. Win nibi can’t let go of your stake, see all that svyatkov’s writing, as the Renaissance culture wicked in England, repaired from Henry VIII: the courtiers of bali, feєrії and "masks", fantastical come to the honor of the king and the great castles, nationwide saint, kudi were glorified by the majestic pennies of the sumy and the belongings, and the lovers of the royal people. The qia axis is the decorative side of the Renaissance culture small in Spencer's view.
At rocky, if Spencer had scribbled over the first books of "Fairy Queens", Marlo wrote with his own dramas. We eat Spencer's first three books at the first three books by putting our first p'єsu Shakespeare. Ale of glances, as if they were showing the creation of their own genius Marlowe and Shakespeare, but not similar to the reader who was the beast of Spencer: Marlowe and Shakespeare were written for the people, Spencer wrote for the aristocratic readers.
Spencer is a humanist, ale vin is not pragne to fight and not to be shouted by the people
to my ideals. Yogo humanistic ideal of the people, harmoniously rooted, who will be alone in their purity, lack of impatience and peace of mind with personal valor, beauty and manhood, beautiful, albeit abstractly unforgiving; and the problematic bik of yogo eat the steps in front of the thunder of yogo fantasies.
The poetic cult of beauty is quite panu in creativity, vіnno vіlivayutsya in the sonorous stanzas. Spencer has a lot of supernicks in the middle of English poets.
In my own creation, Spencer will reimagine the legend of King Arthur.
For an hour of the rule of Alizaveti, the legend about King Arthur went through the great path of development and was even more popular not only in the British Isles, but also on the continents. Formation of the central image of the whole legend includes a series of stages: early pseudo-historical; step, if Arthur has put a yak great hero liarskih romances; stage, since the degradation of the image was respected, and stage, since T. Melory was published the novel "The Death of Arthur", which was the basis of "Arturiani" of the coming epochs. Please, ask for the role of the Arturian myth of gravel in the culture of lisabeth English, it is necessary to briefly talk about the steps.
Spravzhny dad legend about King Arthur slid, however, vvazhati Galfrid Monmutsky (XII century), which wrote in Latin "History of Britons". Galfrid has created the history of 99 British kings, repairing the legendary Brutus. Approximately a part of this pratsi is assigned to Arthur. Here, the images are not just like a war, but like a king, a bit like a king; Galfrid, from the "History" of which to reclaim the heroic-romance stage at the development of the image of King Arthur, describe this courtyard as a midpoint of the culture of the people and civilization.
Yak and a lot of yogo participants. Spencer did not neglect the claims of the Tudors about the decline of the Dosaxon royal dynasty without respect. In the 10th book of the second book, a series of two volumes read by Prince Arthur and Lyr Guyon are transmitted from the hour of the transfer to the castle by Dami Almi, and in the third print of the third book, we read the book about її prodovzhen, written by such lizabeth chronists, yak Harding, Grafton, Show and Holinshed. The straightening of the cich urivkiv is one hundred percent apologetic to the Tudors and the right to the throne - the spirit of the hour.
Tsikavo, I will reimagine Spencer's image of Arthur. At the front to the “Queen of the Fairies” addressed to U. Reli, she sings explaining why I didn’t return to the biography of his patron, but to the Arturian material: “I vibrated the history of King Arthur as I was the most likely to write a special and also the inheritor of the fact that you are the most visible from the age of adolescence and adolescence to our hour. Arthur Spencer is the ruler, and all the garlic is involved.
Spencer does not rob his heroes of Arthur the King, but Arthur the Prince. Do not allow the poets to introduce you to the camp both in the plot and in the system of characters. "The Fairy Queen" is based on the bachennya genre. Yuny Arthur to back up the kingdom of fairies in miracles, to rule out the king Gloriana, and to the virus on yogo jokes. Arthur's father itself is not pictured, about new developments in the author's front.
With a stretch of effort, Prince Arthur won the role itself. If the hero of that one epizode, for those who are, are calling to the kshtalt of lyarsk novels, to eat, at the walk of their mandates, they have been indifferent, Arthur will come all the way to help him. So, in Book VIII of Book I, the Prince of Ryatuє is from the Lord of the Red Khrest, which is to be borne by the Polonia by the Orgoglio and Vidmi Duessi. And in the book of the VIII Book of II Ryatu Giyon from the hands of the rogues, there is an analogous feat of Timias. Arthur's exploits are standard for lyrical literature, winners of veletniv and rozbіynikіv, ryatu beautiful ladies, twin castles and additional help to visit cohanim.
Arthur cannot be called a protagonist by such a rank, on the basis of his age: wine, as a rule, is the viconious function of his own kind of "God in the machine", and justice is angered. Oskilki yo is the image of adding to the national and political pathos, Arthur is hardly possible to respect the main heroes of the ideological layer to the creator.
Poema, set to the glory of Queen Alizaveti, testing the same tsar. To deliver the tales that the very name of King Arthur won’t be lost for the first time in Book I, that is, for the best Queen of the land of fairies, the reader is already at the third stanza. For the assertions of Spencer, Glorian and Glory's connections.
"The Queen of the Fairies" is to take revenge on the ill-gotten nasty on the lizavetin era, which is straightforward to the mysteries of the author's podias. Thus, the history of Timias and Belphebi in the VII and VIII songs of the IV book is based on one of the episodes from the governors of Alizaveti and the favorite of U. Reli. Raised to the confessions of her close friend, the queen imprisoned the signal from the court comradeship and imprisoned him to Tauer, protesting the bullet was prompted to try. The versatility of the allegorized historical material can be found in the 5th book: the whole trial of Mary Stuart (episode IX), the problem of Spanish Naval affairs over the Netherlands (story X-XI), and the X-XI In the XI book of the IV book, Spencer will please the English to listen to the voice of W. Reli, which is constantly calling out to colonize the invading Africa.
You can let the Arthurian legend catch on to the Elizabethan and the mythologeme, so take revenge in them, before the sun sets, peremogy before the inevitable defeat. Preceding the tragic maybut, as to bring, for example, the early, most optimistic, creativity of Shakespeare, introducing the strangers of the Lizavetin capital - the period of the glorious evil of the English renaissance, the culture of renaissance was not so far away for an hour.
Queen Elizabeth in Poemi Spencer Viveden in several images: Gloriani (Queen of the Fairies):
Vin mandruvav by the will of Gloriani,
Win the Queen of Spirits by clicking his own;
Win at distant vidvidviv in the land,
And he himself pushed right to her in the soul,
І look її buv for new prices
Ease of the blessings of the earth; і wow youmu perepona,
Pull up the yaku more importantly,
Chim to graze in battle without trembling that stagnation;
Vіn buv ready to fight the fierce dragon.
(Book I. Song I)

Belbefi:

The lady nearby marveled at the battle;
Approaching, the vaughn said:
"We were at war, g_dny lizar, boldly;
Good power for you,
I will be praise to you supervodzhuvati,
Yak tim, hto from the bright people of the happy;
We gave the first fight to evil evil.
I overcame the battle of the just;
I promise you to be friends with a proud side "
(Book I. Song I)

Britomartis:

So virosla charivna divchina
From the best of the finer points, beloved eye;
Worthy was admired by the charisma
Kokhannya lack of success;
The door of the spirits led to the nareshty;
For ladies, zirkoy has become expensive
І bezlich sensitive hearts
Torked with noble beauty,
І valor longed for a miraculous city.
(Book III. Song VII)

The Earl of Leicester (Robert Dudley) at our post in the image of King Arthur:

Arthur Diva called.
The fall of the wind,
Duesa is embarrassed;
Vicrito cheating.
About grief! Some of the furnishings of the last
Have a bend to marry us brama
І righteous man without the help of heaven
Forces falling bi, ale ryatuє righteousness
I love her with her, as long as she is pure;
Bulo brought to a deplorable bag
To the pride of the Face of the Crimson Cross,
Ale kohannya set off on the road
I bring the glorious prince to help
(Book I. Song VIII)

Marya Stewart - chaklunks chaklunks Duessey:

Duesa, do not look in your eyes,
I smacked a bad sign;
Won in the hearts of the national zvira,
І lutuvav loosening of the thieves;
Zvir uyaviv, scho in front of him a weakling;
Ale diyavolskiy leaning on proud
Not the best iz grunt;
About the valiant wine pikluvavsya pani
I will be in battle, ready to go to spravzhnyaya firmament.
(Book I. Song VIII)

Among these characters it is possible to identify the offensive: Philip Ispansky - Gerioneo, Duke of Anzhuysky - Bragadokkio, Ser Walter Roley - Timias, Lord Gray - Artegal, Admiral Howard - Marinel, Alizaveta in the form of Marin.
Spencerovidi unambiguously mean, how he sings hoping to sing Ariosto "Shaleniy Roland". However, do not act on his own successor for the livings of images, Spencer is clearly overturning his earnestness of intentions.
He sings іf satisfaction, describing і "lis, still the birds sounded like, throwing a wiklik to the tale of heaven", and zmієzhinku, "chiya isstota - rozpusta":

Lying on the ground in the middle of the breasts
Zhakhlivy vityagayuchi hvist,
The one who swirled in the sounds of indulgences;
Around some of them there is a lot of food:
Зміїниші; stink, yak on the pomist,
They intermeddle on the torso, de you -
For them nipples, poisonous liquorice grono.

If you want to sing and not finished, you can see what it’s but a final: King Arthur mandated his faces in Queen Gloriani’s jokes, as if you’d seen it, you should know and befriend. The plot, madly, "іdeyno mіtsny", oskіlki, as it was obvious to the fellows, rely on the respect of the sacred union of the unencrypted Queen Elizabeth and Britain; the onset of tradition. Skin positive heroine eat - not deprive Chergov's garbage, but more specifically - the queen of England herself.
Bagato fantіv vikoristovuvalued the image of Gloriani-Єlizaveti. It’s not the most recent novel by Michael Moorcock called “Gloriana” (1978): Spencer’s new poem is baptized with “Gormengast” by Mervin Pik. The backwardly significant English writer transferred Queen Elizabeth from the fairies: in the cycle of Rudyard Kipling "Heights and fairies" (1910) the ancient and wisdom spirit Pak to know the happy axes with the people who lived in England she is wrapped in a cloak, with a mustache prikhovuv, surrounded by shoes on high red pidbora. Expose її bulo napіvpryte with a black seam fringed mask. " The lady spoke about the one who is not inappropriate for the ninish schoolchildren to call “Queen Bess”, about the wisdom, the horror, I regret that empire. Rose in the third person, ale chitach rose hto in front of him. Some of them call themselves Gloriana.
Spencer, wickedly, was not drawn to other little things like Shakespeare, but the same Shakespeare was quick to the very same version of the story about King Lear, like a vicladen in "The Fairy Queen". And Merlin's prophecy about the Maybut revival of Britain is clearly going over the prophecy about the King’s turning to the throne of Gondor.
Pre-adolescents, who are engaged in historical fantasy, call the "Fairy Queen" the first truly fantasy creation of the English literature. Protest, hi_movirn_she judgment at the fact that Spencer will complete the tradition of the lyric novel.
Spencer did not first put (and virish!) The problem of moving a fantasy novel. The poem was written by a garnoy Alizavetin English - from the end of the 16th century of the English language and an old "bitching", protest with the serpent's snakes. Spencer has infused his rows with archaisms, most often created, stylized neologisms, besides, according to the essence, the spelling of the Vinays is clear, as well as stylized from the old times.
Spencer lost himself to the one - to the one who practically did not know the last one from the new one. Shakespeare does not write the epic we sing, but Michael Drayton's Nimfidiya (1627) depicts the image of the other elves - shvidshe, wicked from the palaces, not from the Charming Land.

Nemaє in the British history and, mabut, in the literature of the historical character beloved, not Queen Elizabeth I of England. The history of the hero and pathos of the 45-year-old prince, the poet and playwright are the neurotic vicissitudes of the foldable extraordinary share.
Alizaveta became a literary hero for her life, since the singers of the English Renaissance (F. Sidni, E. Spencer, K. Marlo) were inaugurated some non-continuous baladi, changed Belly and eat chemistry, write in the city. literary history not endless. Alizaveta nadihal Shakespeare, Walter Scott, Schiller, Hugo, Heinrich Mann, Zweig, Bruckner, Victor Holt, Peter Ackroyd (and only the middle of the great, venerable writers).
Korolova insisted on the greedy respect of the historians after a short hour of her death, since the talentless rule of the Stuarts (King James I and Charles I) was unsuccessful in welcoming the golden capitals. Historical preliminaries of the rule of the Lizaveti and the era of the era have a lot of hundreds of volumes.
Thoughts of history and literature about the queen are diametrically opposed. Literature, fixing, mabut, iz Schiller, it is customary to play a negative hero in their writing, in the writing sub-activity and romanticism not to try the Elizabeth Stratum of Queen Mary Stuart. On the thought of bagatokh іstorikіv - tse one of the hired and absolutely correct її vchinkіv.
Chi not chotirivikova іstorіographic tradition, I am instructed to talk about Alizaveta from the invincible burials, and for those reasons. The author of the first panegyrics at the address Alizaveti - Fulk Grevill and William Kadmen wrote the history of the Tsar in the first ten years of the 17th century. Okhni pratsi, however, mali is not deprived of its historical character. The queen of the bullet was taken into the odeagh, as she herself would have known by force; This new image will have become an instrument of politics, a clever mace, as if they beat the reigning offenders - not far away the Scottish kings, Jacob's family, and then - Charles. Until the 1620s itself, if the Stuarty kings were seen to be happy, Alizaveta was revived - to get back to them in our time! - Dramatically usіh monarch's garlic.
In the 19th century, the imperial historians of Great Britain also have a need for an ideal character, such as a mig bi viclikati. national prideі testimonies about the greatness and justice of the monarchy - here і became a myth about the great queen, the events of the XVII century.
The historical tradition of exalting Elizabeth and her rule until the last hour of the bullet is unbreakable. In the history of the skin land is the myth about the ideal sovereign, scho vtіlyu Natsiyu. In ancient Greece, tse bouv Perikl, in the USA - Abraham Lincoln, in Russia - Peter I, in England - Elizabeth. Just a few days ago, British historians began to feed, and some panegyrics at the address of the prominent government of the Queen of the Divine Demonstrate Action. They are broken by them (for example, in the robots of K. Haig and K. Erikson) they cope with oppressive hostility.

Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603). Portrait of an ermine Artist V. Segar

In the history of Great Britain, Queen Elizabeth I will be proud of one of the most popular monarchs. Won the rules of 45 rock, and all the cities of the country developed industry, especially shipbuilding, Britain became a volodarka sea, on the go silske statehood, especially v_vcharstvo. The development of literature, theater, and other vidi art has been developed not in a small world. Participants called the period of the rule of law "golden capitals" for the country.

The dignity of the Maybut ruler of the Foggy Albion was far from happy. Batko - King Henry VIII - is not happy with the nation's daughter. The English were in demand after the fall of the throne, everyone checked on the boy. Tse prophesied oddities, astrologers. In honor of the Maybut’s decline, people were vlashtovuyu litsarskі tournіri, at the church there was a special purchase for yogo christening. I raptom divchinka. Genrikh only pictured as a happy dad. As a matter of fact, Annie Boleyn, the mother of a daughter, was born just now.

After three fateful events, Genrikh's vicon was conceived: Ganna Boleyn was beheaded for a far-fetched drive, and the rumors to the king, the parliament was rendered illegitimate for Elizabeth. Dіvchinka was detained at the court, they nailed it to the princess, ale the throne of the little right won.

Genrikh died in 1547 rotsi, and the crown was set by the brother of Alizaveti, Edward VI, a clerk to Protestantism. After 6 years of the year, Queen Mary I changed, the healer of the Catholics, who ruled for 5 years. Through the pursuit of Protestants, who were dying on the vognisches, they called them Marya Krivava. Vona punished Zaareshtuvati Єlizaveta, the princess surrounded her with deadly security. Ale in 1558 Marya died, striking the Elizabeth throne with a decongestant hermitage.

The people boisterously swooped over their drive. The 25th government needs a lot of problems, it’s the first time for all the religious things in England itself, in addition to the good fortune from Scotland and Spanish culture. Lizaveta violated the relationship between Catholics and Protestants even more reasonably - she issued a law about falling asleep in the official religion of the country - Anglicanism. Compromise has been reached, as far as not all of them survived.

The main concern is Winnikla, since the Scottish queen, Catholic Marya Stuart, who may have little right to the English throne, went to England and appeared as a complete Alizaveti. The Catholics became magical, they became vicious in decilky snakes, and after 19 years, the connection, in 1587, was lost. Tsim among the English Protestants, Alizaveta gained more authority. She won the peace of mind from Scotland, France, and the axis from the Catholic, Spanish style, from Scotland.

Spain fled to a flotilla, nicknamed the "Impossible Armada", before the invasion of England. The sea battle between the Spanish and the English, which was seen in the crescent of 1588 rock, drew my preparations to the English sea battle. "Impossible Armada" Bula

humiliated. Through the war, England became the Volodark Sea, a provincial sea power. Conducting trade with bagatma countries svitu, won bagatila. For the queen's steps, distant marine expeditions were organized, the English presenters shouted the way to the Dalekiy Skhid.

During the period of the rule of Alizaveti, the English podvir'ya flourished, developing jewelery, perfumery, park mystery. The tse of the era of the Shakespeare theater, public species, folk saints. The Queen loved to travel around the country, to be "close to their own children."

The policy of Alizaveti I was reconciled and protected. Vona did not want to lead a fault, she didn’t get into conflict with the parliament, and she seriously went to the verdict of any great powers. Ale bulo one serious food, as the whole suspension was sick, - Elizabeth didn’t come out, satisfied with the favorites. Vona not small decline, and vona vіlyako witnessed the sign of her offender. Only to her deathbed, she named the name of the Scottish King James VI, the son of Mary Stuart, who in England became James I.