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The name of the most important summits of the Caucasian mountains. Caucasian mountains. History of vivchennya and resources

On our planet, the girsk system is beautiful. It is located in a better place, then there are two seas - Caspian and Chornim. I will call it proudly - Kavkazki Gori. Main coordinates: 42 ° 30 'latitude and 45 ° 00' skidnoy dovgoti... The length of the hydraulic system is more than one thousand kilometers. Territorially applies to six territories: Russia and the powers of the Caucasian region: Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and others.

Until now, it has not been clearly understood that the Caucasus Mountains lie on the part of the mainland. Elbrus and Mont Blanc are fighting for the title. Remain in the Alps. The geographical location behind the plan is easy to describe. I can help you with the statty.

Mezhi

During the hours of Ancient Greece, the Caucasus and the Bosphorus were also subdivided into the 2nd continent. Ale card svitu steadily changed, the people were playing. In the middle of the century, the Don River was cordoned off. Nabagato piznish, in the 17th century, the Swedish geographer provided through the Urals, down the river. Embi to the Caspian Sea. This idea was adopted at the end of that hour by the Russian tsar. It is a good idea to travel to Asia. On the other side, at the Great Encyclopedia of Larussa, there is a cordon, which passes on the day from Kazbek and Elbrus. Such a rank, offending the mountain is known to be in Europe.

describe geographic location Caucasian gir as accurately as possible. The thought is often changed for political reasons. Europe was seen as a special part of the world, tying together the development of civilization. The cordon between the continents was gradually transferred to the skid. Vona became a ruhomiy line.

Deyaky vcheni, by the way of insight into the geological massif, to pass the cordon along the head ridge of the Great Caucasus. It’s not marvelous. gir tse is permissible. The pivnichny one will be placed before Europe, and the pivdenny one will be placed before Asia. The price of food will be actively negotiated among all six powers. The geography of Azerbaijan and the Vіrmenіі vvazayut, that the Caucasus should be carried to Asia, and in Georgia - to Europe. A lot of authoritative people are vvazhayut, but the whole mass of Asia should be established, so Elbrus will never again be involved in Europe's newest point.

system warehouse

The Danish massif is stored for 2 gir systems: Maliy and the Great Caucasus. Often the rest is presented as a single ridge, but it is not so. If the geographic position of the Caucasian mountains is on the map, then it can be noted that such wines cannot be mentioned. The Great Caucasus stretches more and more for a kilometer from Anapi and Tamansky p_vostrov practical all the way to Baku. It is wise to be stored in the offensive parts: Western, Western and Central Caucasus. The first zone stretches from the Black Sea to Elbrus, the middle zone - from the most recent peak to Kazbek, the rest - from Kazbek to the Caspian Sea.

Zakhidnі lantsyuga take the cob from Tamansky pіvostrov. The first group is more similar to pagorbi. However, chim dal on skid, tim stench will melt away. The peaks are covered with snow and ice dwellers. The ridges of Dagestan are located at the descent of the Great Caucasus. Tse folding systems with rychkovy valleys, which form the canyoni. Close to 1.5 yew. Sq. km of the territory of the Great Caucasus is covered by icemen. There is a great part of їkh attacks in the central region. Maliy Caucasus includes nine ridges: Adjara-Imeretinsky, Karabakhsky, Bazumsky and іnshі. Nayvischі from them, roztashovanі in the middle and the main part, - Muriv-Dag, Pambakskiy toshcho.

climat

Analyzing the geographic position of the Caucasian mountains, climatic belts- subtropical і pomirny. Transcaucasia is referred to subtropics. Reshta of the territory to establish a zone of a peaceful climate. pivnichny Caucasus- the nicest region. Lit there it is usually less than 5 months, and the charge is not less than -6 ° C. It is not trivial - 2-3 months. In high-mountainous areas, the climate grows. There we are overwhelmed by the inundation of the Atlantic and Seredzemnor'ya, so the weather is much better.

Establishments of a folding relay in the Caucasus are free-flowing zones, as there are one from one. This kind of climate allows you to eat citrus fruits, tea, bavovnik and exotic cultures, which go to a peaceful character weather minds... The geographical position of the Caucasian mountains is abundant in what is infused into the formation temperature regime on adjacent territories.

Gimala and Caucasus Mountains

Often in schools, scholars ask for an understanding of the geographic position of the Himals and the similarity is only one thing: offending systems and being in Eurasia. Take the stench of the powerless vidminities:

The Caucasian mountains rose up in the Himala and were carried only to Asia.
The middle height of the Caucasian gir is 4 yew. M, Gimalaiv - 5 yew. M.
Also, there are girsk systems and are located in the climatic zones... Gimala is great in the subquatorial, less - in the paths, and the Caucasus - in the subtropic and the world.

Yak Bachimo, the two systems are not identical. The geographical position of the Caucasian Hir and Himala is similar in some moments, in deyak - ni. Ale of offense to the system to complete the great, beautiful, divovizhni.

Growth on two gir systems: the Great Caucasus and Maliy Caucasus. The Caucasus often goes to the Pivnichny Caucasus and Transcaucasia, the cordon can be carried out along the Golovny, or Vododilny, ridge of the Great Caucasus, which occupies the central position in the Girsky system. The Great Caucasus stretches for more than 1100 km from the first approach to the early skid, from the Anapi and Tamansky Piostrov region to the Apsheronsky Piostrov on the Uzbek Caspian Sea, order from Baku. The greatest width of the Great Caucasus is in the region of the Meridian Elbrus (up to 180 km). In the axial part of the rosetting of the Golovny Caucasian (or Water-water) ridge, a number of parallel ridges (Girsky lantsyug), including the monoclinal (cuest) character (Div. Great Caucasus), stretch along the first lines. The Pivdenniy grabbed the Great Caucasus to fold out into the shape of the ridges, which adjoin to the Golovny Kavkazsky ridge. Traditionally, the Great Caucasus is divided into 3 parts: the Western Caucasus (from the Black Sea to Elbrus), the Central Caucasus (from Elbrus to Kazbek) and the Western Caucasus (from Kazbek to the Caspian Sea).

Naybіlsh vіdomі peaks - Elbrus (5642 m) and Kazbek (5033 m) covered by vіchnіy snіgs and ice dwellers. The Great Caucasus is a region with great and daily glaciers. Number of people Ice drifts become close to 2,050, they occupy an area of approximately 1,400 km 2. More than half of the ice in the Great Caucasus is covered by the Central Caucasus (50% of the ice and 70% of the ice area). great centers icy є mountain Elbrus і Bezengiyska stina (with ice Bezengi, 17 km). From the Great Caucasus to the Kumo-Manichskaya depression, the Peredkavkazya extends through the great valleys and mountains. On the first day of the Great Caucasus, the Colchis and Kura-Araksian lowlands, the Inner Kartlian valley and the Alazan-Avtoran valley [Kurinska depression, the Alazan-Avtoran valley and the Kura-Araksin lowland are located in the borderlands]. At the pivdenno-skidny part of the Caucasus - Talishski mountains (hanging up to 2477 m) with the adjacent Lankaran lowland. In the middle and at the beginning of the new part of the Caucasus, there is the Transcaucasian Plateau, which is located on the ridges of the Lesser Caucasus and the Virmensky Plateau (m Aragats, 4090 m). Maliy Kavkaz is located behind the Great Caucasus by the Likh ridge, at the entrance it goes towards the Colchis lowland, at the descent - the Kurinskaya depression. Length - close to 600 km, height - up to 3724 m. Gori near Sochi - Achishkho, Aibga, Chigush (Chugush, 3238 m), Pseashkho i іn. (The resort town of Chervona Polyana) - in the midst of winter participants Оліпійський ігор 2014 rock.

Geology The Caucasus is a part of the mountains with a decade of volcanic activity, as the Alpi was formed in the third period (approximately 28.49-23.8 million years ago). Gori is stocked up in the middle of the year from granite and gneiss, і to revenge the family of naphtha і natural gas... Estimated reserves: up to 200 billion bar. naphtha. (For the sake of reason: in Saudi Arabia - a land with the largest oil reserve in the world - for an estimated 260 billion barrels.) From the geophysical point of view, the Caucasus has established a wide zone of deformation of the continent, as a part of the plate belt The architecture of the region was formed by the relocation of the Arabian plate to the Eurasian plate. Squeezed by an African plate, it will collapse by about a kilometer of centimeters. In addition, in the end of the 20th century in the Caucasus, great earthquakes were seen with an intensive intensity of 6.5 to 7 points, as there were few catastrophic inheritances for the population and economy in the region. Ponad 25 thousand people went to Spitaka in April 7, 1988, about 20 thousand bullets were wounded and about 515 thousand were lost without a dahu over their heads. The Great Caucasus is a grand folded mountain region, which became on the Mesozoic geosyncline during the Alpine folding. Precambrian, Paleozoic and Triassic breeds are buried in the core of this species, which are lastly developed by Jurassic, Creydian, Paleogene and Neogene depositions. In the middle part of the Caucasus, ancient breeds grow on the surface.

geographic affiliation There is no clean housekeeping about those who are burning in the Caucasus with a part of Europe and Asia. It is safe from the entrance, by itself a high mountain Europe vvazhaєtsya vіdpovіdno either Mount Elbrus (5642 m), or Mont Blanc (4810 m) in the Alps, on the Italian-French cordon. The Caucasus Mountains are located in the center of the Eurasian plate between Europe and Asia. Ancient Greeks bachili Bosphorus and Caucasus mountains yak cordon of Europe. A change in thought was developed through political reasons. At the time of the migration and middle of the Bosporus channel and the Don river, two continents were subdivided. The cordon was built by the Swedish officer and geographer Philip Johann von Stralenberg, which propelled the cordon through the peaks of the Urals, and then down the river Embi to the Uzbek Caspian Sea, before passing through the Kumo-Manitskikh Sea, to the west through the Kumo-Manitskikh gir. In 1730, the course of conquests by the Russian tsar, and from the quiet period of conquests by the Russian tsar, began. As a matter of fact, until the end of the day, it burned in part of Asia, right from the center of the horizon, and found Mount Europe - Mont Blanc. On the other side, La Grande Encyclopedie clearly stands between Europe and Asia, for every day from both Caucasian ridges. Elbrus і Kazbek є European mountains according to the whole value.

Fauna and flora Wild boars, sarni, girski goats, as well as golden eagles are seen everywhere. In addition, wild media are still being seen. In the region, the Caucasian leopard (Panthera pardus ciscaucasica), which was transformed into deprivation in 2003, is rare. In the historical period, there were also the Asian Levi and the Caspian tigers, albeit not bargained for by the people of Christ, the bully vikorineni rose again. Pidvid European bison, Caucasian bison, wimer in 1925 rotsi. The remaining specimen of the Caucasian moose was killed in 1810 rotsi. In the Caucasus, there are even more abundant species of spineless creatures, for example, about 1000 species of pavuks there are prepared for dos. In the Caucasus, there are 6,350 species of stumpy roselin, including 1,600 species of mussel. 17 types of girskiy roslin originated in the Caucasus. A giant Borshchivnik, who is to become a neophyte of Zagarbnytsia species in Europe, to be seen from the whole region. Vin was imported in 1890 as a decorative roselin in Europe. Bіorіznomanіttya The Caucasus is falling through an alarming shvidkіstu. The Girskiy region from the point of view of nature protection is one of the 25 most diverse regions on Earth.

landscape The Caucasus Mountains may be a versatile landscape, which in the main changes vertically and lies in the direction of the great waters. The region is to avenge biomi, repairing it from the subtropical low-ravine pains and the lidovikiv (Western and Central Caucasus) and ultimately high-mountainous trees, steppes and alpine onions in Azerbaijan. On the graves of the Great Caucasus, on the lower heights of the broadening of oak, hornbeam, maple and ash, and on the temples, birch and pine trees... Deyaki from the lowest districts and grasping with steppes and bows. On the schools of the Pivnichno-Zakhidny Great Caucasus (Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, etc.) Near the high-mountainous zone (close to 2000 meters above the sea level) I cross the foxes. Permafrost (ice-cold) call for repairing approximately at a height of 2800-3000 meters. In the pivdenno-skidny school of the Great Caucasus, beech, oak, maple, hornbeam are widened, and it is clear. Bukovy foxes, as a rule, dominate at great heights. In the pіvdenno-western school of the Great Caucasus, oak, beech, chestnut, hornbeam and wood are widened at higher low heights, conifers and green leaves (yalina, yalitsa і beech) - at great heights. Permafrost should be repaired at a height of 3000-3500 meters.