Makar Chudra - analysis of the creation. "Artistic features of M. Gorky's rospe" Makar Chudra Chomu Makar Chudra romantic tvir

freedom problem find out the artist's words. Same freedom Bula is suitable for romantic heroes. Intimidate her stink bully ready to die. And even romanticism as a literary stretch formulated a singing canon in its entirety: vinyatkov specialness, how to put a blame on vimogi. To that the hero is an order of magnitude more people who will feel the same, the suspension will also appear. Tsim was informed about the type of self-reliance of the hero: for a new tse natural camp, and the hero knows only in the spirit of nature, and part of it is the element.

Maxim Gorky, in his early works of art, turn to traditional romanticism, Ale, in the context of the XX century, creativity will be recognized neo-romantic.

In 1892 rotsi in presi appeared the first romantic rozpovid "Makar Chudra", In what an old man, a tsigan appears before the reader in a romantic landscape: yogo ogorta "Imla main nights» , I see an endless step and an endless sea to the right. The scribe gives you the freedom to talk about yourself, about your look, and the story of Loyko Zobar and Radd, told by the old shepherd, has become the main way of opening the image of the main character, Aje yogo im'yam is called rozpovid.

Razpovidayuchi about Radda and Loiko, Chudra speak more quickly about himself. The basis of this character is one beginning; pragmatic to freedom... For the heroes, the will can be found guarded by the light. Radde has shown a lot of pride on the ground, but she can't make love to Loiko Zobar: “I didn't love anyone, Loiko, but I love you. And yet I love freedom! Will, Loyko, I love more, less for you ".

It is also unconvincing to rub against love and pride in a romantic character, take Makar Chudra as absolutely natural, but I can only die: a romantic hero cannot sacrifice his absolutely immeasurable love. Along with love, the transmission of humility, self-sacrifice and goodness to the cohannes' people is disappointing. And the hero of the legend, proclaimed by Chudra, cannot be killed.

How can I estimate Makar Chudra's position? Win vvazhaє, that only so and maє mind the life of a person, as a landlord, and only with such a position you can save a special person freedom.

Ale chi pogodzhutsya author zі his heroєm? What is the author's position and how can you turn around? To be able to adapt to the food chain, it is necessary, in view of the important composition, the particularity of Gorky's early works - the appearance image notification... At the first glance, the unthinkable image, aje vin does not manifest itself in any kind of action. Ale the very position of the community of people, the mandarin man, who is instrumental in his own way of young people, is especially important for the writer himself.

Practically all the early romantic creations of Maxim Gorky will have negative testimony, which will create a real picture of a boot, and more positively, as a senses and a snake in life. And the sawing glance of the autobiographical hero, at first, vikhoplyu nayaskravishi characterizes - like Makar Chudra.

I don’t know how to finish the skeptical message of the hero-warning, but the finale of placing all the specks above the “i” in the author's position. If there are notifications, marvel at the temryav endless step, bach, yak tsigani Loiko Zobara i Radda "They circled around the temryava nights smoothly and madly", І niyak "Do not mіg the red Loyko compete with the proud Rudd", Win and viyavlya his position. So, in these words, there is a drowning sound, but the reader does not think that such a crooked result is possible: it’s impossible to see the death of Loiko in time with the beautiful Radda.

Among those who abhor the traditions of romanticism, Maxim Gorky vikoristovuvav in his rozpovidi helplessly in different ways. Describing the heroes of the head, the fault is the hyperbola: the beauty of Ruddy can only be played on the violin, and Loiko's vus was laid on his shoulders and fiddled with the coachmen. For the transmission of the peculiarities of the movi, especially the old Chudra, introduce the beast, viguki, rhetorical viguki.

Chimalu's role is seen in the landscape, ale not simple, but spiritualizations, de Makar kiruh vhvilami, and the sea of ​​whispering frowns, ale, at the same time, the humorous hymn of a pair of proud red-cyan.

• "Dignity", a short snake according to the chapters of the story of Maxim Gorky
• "At the bottom", analysis of the dramas of Maxim Gorky
• "Stara Izergil", analysis of Gorky's announcement

tvir

"Makar Chudra" is known to the early romantic speeches of Gorky. Uves tvir to wear the seal of the "romantic".

Perche, tsya raspovid є to the translations of the old legend. Scribbled up to folk art, Take care of the necessary material and enter into your TV. In a different way, the heroes of Gorky are strong, proud, gentry, smiliv, self-admitted, spragly heroic deeds, vol-loving tsigani.

It’s not for me to be built, not vipadkovo the same tsigan writer has beaten his creation with his head heroes. There are also one of the most romantic characters. Stink in the road, add the vastness to the vastness. Tsigani are ready to seize their freedom, and people do not have any control over themselves. Cygan has its own svit, its own traditions. It is possible to say in a singularly singular manner, that the people and the heroes are vinyatkov.

Dougher unaware of the qigan i zovnishniy viglyad: Yaskravі costumes, without shining embellishments. And yak garny tsey people! Makar Chudra says this about Radda: “About her, Radd’s tsiєi, words and nothing can be said. Perhaps, beauty can be played on the violin, the one who knows the violin, like my soul, I know. "

Another special feature of the development is the whole picture of the beautiful, pivdenniy, simply Kazakh nature. Qia nature to introduce us, like me to be built, in unseen light tsigan: "From the sea, blowing cold wind, carry along the steppe the soulful melody of the splash of water on the shore and the rustle of coastal bushes." The step and the sea symbolize in the announcement of boundless freedom, space, de nema ni cordon, ni membrane. Here Lyudin herself is a gentleman. Ale і step, і the sea enchants a lot of difficult, stinks of manlivі in its calm. They can only fit in an unaware and strong people. Such people themselves and "inhabit" Gorky's lines.

It is necessary to say that the composition of the art is also unvarying. Vona is a message in the notification. The old tsigan Makar Chudra is here in the role of the "other" notification. A lot of people can just talk about life, development, share their enemies with the "first" notification - the author. Let Chudra tell you the legend about Radda and Loiko.

Notification in notification is carried out in the form of dialogue. A miracle is constantly turning to his companion, ale mi is not susceptible to the witness of a cygan spider. The messengers here are just a rumor: “So you go there? Tse is good! Ty glorious part of the vibra sob, sokil. So and demand: walk and wonder, hoping - lie and die - from everything! "

Alle the same zavdyaki "hearing" and "bachimo" nature in the announcement, I am amazed at the cygan and through its testimony, all that is said and said by the Chudra.

Tsіkaviy і conflіkt rozpovіdі. It is not the opposition of the hero and the suspension, but of the opposition of the “good” hero and the “filthy” one. At the same hour, it’s not an internal conflict of heroes. I Chudra, I Loiko, I Radda harmoniously blended into their Tsiganist light. The stench will grow up to take on his philosophy and svitoglyad. The heroes don’t bazhayut, they don’t stench, they don’t need a penny, and they don’t stench. Loiko "to love horses and nothing more, and that is not good enough - to go that and sell, but pennies, whatever you want, that and take." I Radda kapshuk z groshyma kidє in the brood.

At the end of the conflict, the winners have two romantic, strong heroes. He has a special personality. Kozhen s cikh heroes are the best for the price of freedom. Loiko say so about the tse: "I am awesome lyudin and I will live as I want!" I Radda echo youmu: "And yet I love freedom."

I wish the heroes fell in love with one one, ale the stench cannot be sacrificed one to one, їm to be built, with the stench of the stench to draw in their freedom. I am glad to say to Loiko: “Will, Loiko, I love more, not for you. And I can't live without you, like life and you without me. "

The heroes cannot live alone without one, or they cannot live without freedom. Zvidsi, z tsієї situation, є only one vikhіd - the death of one or two heroes. So and see - Loiko drives Raddu and guinea himself out of the hands of the father.

Another special feature is the announcement of "Makar Chudra" є th aphoristic language. Laconic and eminently like Makar Chudra: "Walk and wonder, hoping, go and die - from all", "... if you don't live yourself?" , іdi - і everything is here "," Dovgo is not in one place. Ty bigay see doom about life, why don't you fall in love її ... "

Makar Chudra has lived richly, richly all backed. All life of yogo now turns into such an axis of "life" aphorisms, in which one can see the dosvid, the wisdom of the lived life.

In such a rank, Gorky's roster "Makar Chudra" is a romantic romantic rosip. Vin informed about vinyatkov heroes in vinyatkov's surroundings. Tsei tvir cried out to the yaskravoy, bold, haunted life, more addictions and vision of the heart.

Іnshі create with cim cheese

Heroes of early romantic prose by M. Gorky

History history

The report “Makar Chudra” was published in the Tiflis newspaper “Kavkaz” from the 12th spring of 1892. Formerly the author signed with the pseudonym Maxim Gorky. I try to recite a romantic period from the writer's creativity. To the romantic creations of M. Gorky, one can bring the same: the report “Old Izergil”, “A Song about the Falcon” and “A Song about the Burevisnik,” I say, “Divine and Death” and the Writer's Create.

One 3 sheets to A.P. Gorky wrote to Chekhov: “Really, take an hour in the heroic: all I want is the wicked, the bright, this, you know, doesn’t look like life, but it’s more beautiful, more beautiful. Obov'yazkovo is necessary, for the current literature is a grain of a cob to overwhelm life, and, as only it is more likely, - life is embellished, so that people will heal more quickly, more easily. "

The name of the message is tied to the names of the protagonist. Makar Chudra is an old tsigan, a thoughtful philosopher, who knows the essence of life, a tabir of a mandarin according to Russia.

Рід, genre, creative method

The cycle of romantic works by M. Gorky, immediately gaining the respect of critics and wonderful readers literary language, Relevant by those, cicava composition (included in the list of legends and kazoks). For romantic creatures characteristically protistavleniya hero and action. So the motivation and announcement of "Makar Chudra", genre specificity which є "in the notification". Makar Chudra is not only in the role of the protagonist, but in the role of notification. Such an artistic pride gave a great poetry and freedom, additional help in the great world of development of the declaration about the value of life, the author's ideals and notification. The day of warning to roam on the aphids of the virulent sea, steppe winters, tremulous nights. Tse atmosphere of freedom. Prompts to introduce you to the role of a wise sposter of life. Makar Chudra is a skeptic of enchantment in people. Having lived and lost a bagato, the price is deprived of freedom. A single criterion, yakim Makar is a human being.

Theme

The theme of the writer's romantic creations is pragmatic to freedom. About will and freedom to develop and "Makar Chudra". The poetic history of love by Loiko and Radd, told by Makar Chudra, is laid in the basis of the creation. The heroes of a beautiful legend cannot be broken by pride, love and love. The addiction to freedom and the originators have lost their vchinki. As a result, offending you.

idea

For a small person behind a lot of promises of the idea of ​​freedom, beauty and joy of life. Mirkuvannya Makara Chudra about life to tell about the philosophical mentality of the old cygan: “Hiba itself is not a life? Іnshі people live without you and live without you. Hiba you think, who are you going to need? You’re not hlib, it’s not a club, and no one needs you ... ”. Makar Chudra to talk about pragmaticness to inner freedom, freedom without swagger, so as only a vilna person can be happy. To that old wise man a tsigan to please the sp_rozmovnik with his own way, so that he doesn’t "bend it for free." The only value on earth is freedom, to make her live and die, - this is how the heroes of the rozpovidi community are very important. The same tsim was dictated by the vchinki Loiko and Radd. In the announcement of Gorky, playing with the anthem of the beautiful and strong people... Pragnennya to heroism, adoration of power, glorification of freedom knew the image in the information "Makar Chudra".

the nature of the conflict

For the old cygan, nigolovnishe in life is a special freedom, as it is nikoli ni on shcho without changing bi. Yogo pragnennya to freedom include the heroes of the legend, yaku rozpovida Makar Chudra. Young and beautiful Loiko Zobar and Radda love one one. Ale in both pragnennya to a special freedom is so strong, how can you feel at your love the smell of wondering yak at a lancer, which constrains your independence. Kozhen from them, learn from love, put your mind, get panuvati. Tse lead to a stressful conflict, which ends with the death of heroes. ,

Main heroes

One of the main heroes is informed by the old tsigan Makar Chudra. The wisdom of the Cygan is revealed through the legend about Loiko and Radde who was handed over to him. Win vvazhaє, what pride and love are insane. Lyubov zmushuє reconcile and grieve over the cohannes of the people. Makar mіrku about ludin and freedom: “Vedomosti you want? The width of the stepov's understanding? How to make your heart laugh? Win a slave - yak only born, and everything is here! »On a yogo dumka, a lyudin, a people born as a slave, not a great feat. Makar will be happy with Loyko i raitsi. Win vvazhaє, he is so guilty of living the life of Lyudin, the old inheritance, and only in such a life position, you can save your freedom. Yak a fair philosopher, vin reason: it is not easy for people to read something, if he himself doesn’t want to read it, he’s like “everyone can learn it himself”. The food for food is prompted by a friend of his own: “And you can see how happy people are going to be? We can't ”.

The handguard with Makar is the presence of the image of the listener, from the name of which the conversation is being conducted. The whole hero borrowed in the announcement not so much as a lot of money, but for the reasoning of the author's position, for the thought and the creative method, the significance of this is great. Vin mriynik, romantic, sees the beauty of the new world. Yoho bachennya svita to bring into the rospe a romantic ear, joy, boldness, a great number of farbs: “From the seas of winds, cold wind, spreading across the steppe, the melody of the splash of waterfalls on the coast is thought to be and the rustle of the coast; ... navkolishnє us іmla of the main night, she was jolting and, lasciviously, sucking, she turned to the tip of her hand - there was no step, right-handed - there was no end to the sea ... ".

Madly, romantically, the ear is laid in the heroes of a beautiful legend - young gypsies, with the milk of their mothers they took in the spirit of a life of life. for Loiko best valueє freedom, accessibility and kindness: “Win ​​loving only horses and nothing more, but not so long - to go, that and sell, but a penny, whatever you want, that and take. The new one does not have a legendary one - it is necessary for your heart, it is necessary for your heart, it is necessary for you to see it from your breasts, that it is that you see it, and that it is that good. " Radda is proud of the floor, so that love cannot be evil to Loiko: “I didn’t love anyone, Loiko, but I love you. And yet I love freedom! Will, Loiko, I love more, not for you. " The lack of communication between Radda and Loiko - love and pride, on the thought of Makar Chudra, I can only live through death. The first heroes are seen as love, happiness and vazhayut for beautifully drowning in the will and absolute freedom.

Plot and composition

Podorozhn_y zustr_chaє on the birch of the sea of ​​the old cygan Makar Chudra. Have a rose about freedom, a sense of life Makar Chudra has a beautiful legend about a young tsigansky bet. Loiko Zobara and Radda love one one. Ale in both pragnennya to a special freedom ponad a mustache in the light. Tse lead to a stressful conflict, which ends with the death of heroes. Loyko act on Rudda, with all of them standing in front of her on the knee, so that the cygans get involved in terrible humiliation, and drive them into the same place. I myself was guided by the hands of the father.

Particularly in the composition of the process of promulgation є yogo prompting for the principle of "open the message": the author in the mouth of the protagonist of the contribution is a romantic legend. Wonderful help internal light and a system of values. For Makar Loiko and Radd, they are the ideals of voluptuousness. Wine of joy, two beautiful sentiments, pride and love, brought to their own great fancy, but one cannot be reconciled.

One of the special features of the composition of the process is the recognition of the image. Win mayzhe is not remembered, but the author himself is easy to guess.

artistic freedom

In romantic works, Gorky turns to romantic poetry. The genre is in the first place. Legends and kazki become a favorite genre of writing in the whole period of creativity.

flexible palette creative minds, Yaki vikoristovuvav a writer at his own notice. "Makar Chudra" of the imagery of the people, as if to convey the sentiments of the heroes: "... the laugh is the whole sun", "Loyko stand at the back of the bagatty, like in the blood", "... she said, as if she threw a snow at us" , "Vin buv similar to an old oak, burnt with blisk ...", “... The form of dialogue by Makar Chudra and notification is especially special. The new one feels only one voice - the voice of the protagonist, and only from the remarks of one of the words of my advice about the reaction and the responses of the spy advisor: "Read and read, how are you?" This is a free form of phrases to serve the author in order to expand his presence in the notification of the men.

Bitter to great respect for my heroes. So, for example, Makar Chudra, according to the tsiganskoy tradition, interrupts his message to the beast of a spyvrozmovnik, calling him a falcon: “- Ege! Bulo, sokil ... "," - He is like a boo, sokil! .. "," - Axis of the yak bull Rudd, sokil! .. "," That's it, sookil! .. "The beastly" sokil "mi bachimo has an image that is close to the Gypsy spirit, the image of a beautiful and cheerful bird. Name the miracle of the geographeric deyakis a quiet place, dey roamed tsigani: "Galichina" is the deputy of Galichin, "Slavonia" is the deputy of Slovakia. The word “step” is often repeated at the one who was informed, so as the step is the main life of the tsigan: “Crying devil, good fellow! Good fellow, crying to the girl in the step ... "," Nich light, the whole step flooded the whole step ... "," Loiko barked for the whole step ... ".

The author is widely acclaimed with the use of landscape sketches. Sea landscape є free frames of all plot line rozpovidі. The sea is tightly tied with the soulful camp of heroes: a handful of spokyno, only “vologiy, cold wind” to spread “along the steppe, the melody of the splash of the slash on the coast and the rustle of the coastal bushes is conceived”. Ale the axis of the soil dripping with planks, becoming strong, and the sea is deafening and angry and whispering frowns and the humble hymn of a proud pair of red tsigans. Vzagal in nature Gorky love all the stronger, partly, without boundaries: the wideness of the sea and the steppe; bottomless blue sky Now grailivi, then angry hvili, whirlwind, thunderstorm with a rosy gurcot, with a blinking blish.

The characteristic rice of the tsієї rozpovіdі є yogo musicality. Muzyka supervodzhu all the discussion about the share of zakokhanikh. “About her, Rudd’s tsiєa, words do not say anything. Perhaps, beauty can be played on the violin, the one who knows the violin, like my soul, I know. "

meaning to the creator

The role of M. Gorky in the literature of the XX century. important to re-evaluate. Yogo was immediately remembered by JI.H. Tolstoy and A.P. Chekhov, V.G. Korolenka, having presented the young author with their friends. The significance of the artist-innovator has been recognized by new generations of writers, wide readership and criticism. Gorky's creation was known to have been in the center of the polemic, and by henchmen of aesthetic strains. Gorky was loved by people whose names were included in the sacred list of creators of the Russian culture.

The turns of romantic creations nibi zrozumilі. Vidsutn in reality Ospivana in legends. Do not call it like that. They have a writer who does not think of himself as a head for himself spheres of caution - behind a super-articulate human soul. The romantic hero of inclusions in the middle of incomprehensible, or even fearful, stingy people. The motive for the empowerment is from the name of the hearsay, the author: Tsigan Makar Chudra, Bessa-Rabka Izergil, the old Tatar, the transmission of the saying "Khan and yogo sin", the Crimean shepherd, who spins "Song about the Falcon."

The romantic hero, for the first time in his ideas, is a rival of people from the same weakness, inadequacy, sleepy life. About Zobar it is said: "With such a human being, he is more beautiful than old man." The axis of what is called the images-symbols of the "fire heart", polotu, battle. Great in itself, the smell of enlargement "the lot of mother nature." Vaughn embellished with bright colors in memory of Danko. The sea of ​​hearing is real, the "lion's roar" of the legendary hwil, which carries the call of the Falcon.

Sounds with a nebula harmony of feeling and dian cliche to the sensation of existence in such new vimirs. Take the right injection legendary hero for specialty. It is necessary to remember and not to accept the heroes of Gorky's romantic creations with an unambiguous call to social protest. In the images of Danko, Sokol, yak and in proud kokhanikh, young Izergil, vіlenі spiritual pore, spraga beauty.

Gorky was more contented with thoughts, as if he was guilty of a cholovik, below that real route, as if he were to lie down until he could. Comes painted on the back side of the back of the spiritual wipes. “I am,” Gorky wrote to І.Є. Рпіна in 1899, - in the endlessness of life, and life is rosumy yak ruh to the depth of the spirit. It is necessary that the intellect and instinct were angry in the harmony of the string ... " To that, mabut, Gorky said in the same sheet: “... I bach, I don’t have any rest, not to those of our“ parties ”. Radiy tsyomu, bo - tse freedom ".

The breakdown of "Makar Chudra", written in 1892, dates back to the early period of Gorky's work. Here the romantic ideals are especially vivid. Notification is carried out every notification. Framing is a description of the sea and the bezida with the old cygan. In the middle of the text, the legend about kokhannya dvoh tsigan, yaku zgadu Makar Chudra is mentioned. With such a rank, we have a report in advance. Below you will know the analysis of the report "Makar Chudra" by Gorky.

Draw romanticism in the news "Makar Chudra"

head special romanticism yak literary directlyє two-world world: podil light on real and ideal. The visualized image is an ideal light of freedom, beauty, song and music, wonderful vol-loving people. Already in the exposition of Makar Chudra protistavlyaє the life of the inhabitants, the slavery of the will and the intelligence of the world. People, on the hero's thought, do not cheer for the people, just “beat the earth”. Vin rozmirkovu about ludin: “Vedomosti will you want? The wideness of the stepov's mind? How to make your heart laugh? »The very same sense and meta of life: in the intelligence, the knowledge of the house. How old is it, how much is the analysis of the notification "Makar Chudra" carried out?

At the center of uvagi in romanticism - a vinyatkov hero, vilny, beautiful, who stands up for the awesome everyday life. Such heroes are announced by Loiko Zobar and Radd. The greatest stench is to appreciate the ideal of freedom. Heroes cherish themselves with pride, addiction, not rosum.

The landscape in romanticism is not just a background of the art, but it doesn’t have a very special meaning. Good from the love of romantics to sea and sea views. Even in the endless expanses of the sea and the sea, one can know the great and passionate soul of the vinyatted hero. The main reception in the image of nature is isolation: "the sea was filled with a frown and an urochistic hymn", "I was thinking of an ordinary night," and it was sweetly seen. Makar Chudra, a philosopher, a wise old tsigan, is found in general adnanny with navkolishnіm light, a quiet splash of khvil, the beauty of the sea.

At the finale of the alerts, it’s worth getting into the light of the ideal: the melody of the sea is less than that, and the proud Loiko Zobar and the beautiful Radd are circling around the everlasting dance.

Analysis of the notification "Makar Chudra" - conflict

V little notice Bitter zachіpaє kіlkka serious themes. The food is about freedom and slavery, the sense of the life of people, the beauty of nature and light in general, about love and self-esteem.

The conflict is based on the antithesis of freedom - slavery. For Makar Chudra, freedom is the ability to enjoy life, to see the presence of those who are small. Loyko and Radda appreciate the persh for all the special freedom, the independence of the people not only called, but inside. The will of the stench to put vishche for everything, to bring vishche to love. In general and in the field, the main conflict. To fall in love for heroes means to feel sorry for those people, but you can't get the stench of death, and you can't overpower their nature. That is why the situation of the closed stake is called. Nevipadkovo Radda vimovlyaє: “Will, Loyko, I love more, not for you. And I can't live without you, like life and you without me. " navigate short analysis the announcement of "Makar Chudra" allows you to clearly understand the thought.

The gigantic woman is wonderful to love only a strong cholovik, who won’t be able to kill her own, but, having fallen in love, she won’t grow up herself. I won’t know how Loiko won’t be viconious to bow before all the camp. To that, if the gig was stuck in the chest of a knife, Radda, laugh, as if she knew, yak vin nadeyde. Vaughn laugh, to the fact that the hero has witnessed viprobuvannya to the strength of character and love to freedom, he has appeared in the love of Ruddy. Alas the paradox of the polarity is that love and pride have become insane, that the hero is going to go.

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