gold ore syrovin

For the development (confirmation) of the reserves of the generic ore, there are more large (up to 1 billion tons), large (300 million-1 billion tons), middle (50-300 million tons) and others (less than 50 million tons).

VIEWBOOK І VIROBNITSTVO. View of open-cast ores at the turn of XX-XXI st. Zdіysnuvalasya more nіzh in 40 countries. The main quantity of gold ore syruvina was found in the genera of magnetite-hematite ores in gold quartzite and shale. The overwhelming majority of genera of this type are broken down in a very sensitive way. Another place for the liabilities of the rozrobka is occupied by the genera of siege hydrogetite-chamosite-sided ores.

The total production of commercial gold ores will be close to 1 billion tons. 12 countries-producers account for 92.1% of the total production of gold ores: China - 24.2%, Brazil - 17.5%, Australia - 14.3% , Russia - 7%, India - 6.5%, USA - 6.1%, Ukraine - 4.6%, Canada - 3.6%, PAR - 3%, Venezuela - 2%, Sweden - 2%, Kazakhstan - 1.3%.

In China, there are close to 100 great ancestors, the reserves of which exceed 100 million tons (instead of gold in ores in the middle 33%). day 17 garnishing companies... In Australia, all the industry of the land is located in the gold ore province of Pilbar (Zakhidna Australia). In the whole region, there is 97% of the rock-cut in the land of ores. The largest producer of gold ore syruvin є company « Rio Tinto " s Hamersley Iron» .

Russia has the most genera of zoserezheni in the Central Black Earth Region. The exploitation of the gold ore genera is carried out here by three ginichi-zbagachuvalny combinats (Lebedinsky, Mikhaylovsky and Stoylensky). Generic ore genera are also distributed in Pivnichnoe (Kovdorskoe, Kostomukshskoe and Olenegorskoe ancestors), Uralskii, Zakhidno-Sibirsky and Skhidno-Siberia regions.

Metallogeny I EPOCH OF ORE FORMATION. Zalіzorodnі genera established in the era of the era: repairing from the Old Archean and Early Proterozoic up to the Miocene and Pliocene inclusive. At the geosynchronous stage, the main concentration of the zaliza occurs at the early stage and is clearly linked to basalt magmatism, if magmatic and skarn genera of valiant ores are formed. The middle and the second stage of the geosynchronous cycle is not very productive for the saline.

Exogenous deposits of the genera began to form in the early Proterozoic, since the specific thoughts of the transferred valleys, which were over the continents in the water basins, had disappeared. Zalizo, mabut, transferred from bicarbonate vigels in clay regions of the ocean, de-deposited in hydroxide and partial carbonate vigels in a siliceous manner. The further metamorphism of such a statement could lead to the formation of golden quartzites, which were tied with the magnificent reserves of golden ore syruvin. The siege of the genera of the zaliza, as they came into being in the greater ages, were formed in the main shelf zone behind the rakhunok from the half-zaliza, as they came from the land, in front of them they became aware of the intensively later vivitryuvannya. The transfer of hair loss has occurred in the presence of coloids, due to humic acids as a result of coagulation. Falsely, due to changes in oxidative potential in the area of ​​accumulation of waste, brown iron ore or silikatnі zaliznі ore was found.

Precambrian era Bula is very friendly for the formation of the great and unique genera of gold ore syruvin. Before them, the genera of galizist quartzites will be introduced and we will use them to evaluate the rich martite-hematite ores of Kryvyi Rih (Ukraine), KMA (Russia), Western Australia (genus Hamersli), the region of Labrador (Canada), Lake Verkhnye Orissa (India), Minas Gerais (Brazil) and ін.

early Paleozoic era in the time of the Precambrian it is characterized by a lesser significant iron ore production, we will link it to the Caledonian tectogenesis. Generic ore genera are found near the Bagatyokh lands of the world, ale of the pitoma of the whale in their reserves, and the type of production is albeit relatively small. The most common ancestors of this type are found in Pivnichniy America - Wauban (province of Newfoundland in Canada) and the ancestry of the Birmingen region of Alabama in the USA.

V late Paleozoic era having established a number of ancestors in the SND. A large part of їх is represented by contact-metasomatic magnetite ores, genetically tied with granitoids. The ancestors of the Tagilo-Kushvinsky group in the Urals (Visokogorsk, Gornoblagodatskoe and іn.); in Kuznetskiy Alatau (Teyskoe group), Girskiy Altai (їnskiy, Biloritsk and іnshі ancestors). In Kazakhstan, the ancestors of the whole vіku are in the Kustanaysky ore district (Kacharskoy, Sarbayskoye, Sokolivske and іn.), And also in Central Kazakhstan (the Atasu group, in yakiy naybіlsh great є the clan Zakhiddzhy). Numerically, albeit altogether small, genera є in Western Europe - in Austria, Belgium, France. For a long time, the development of the Siderite ancestors of Austria in the Western Alps, in the area of ​​development of the Devonian deposits, represented by graywackes, vapnyaks, phyllites, quartzites and piskoviks, has been developed. They are the greatest of them, the ancestor of Ertsberg. The ancestors of the whole family are also found in Algeria, Libya, and the other regions of Africa.

V Mesozoic era The boules approved the numerical sieges of the marine and continental (rivers and lakes) ore ore genera on young Egyptian platforms and slabs. The accumulation of hard ores has grown on a grand scale. One of the largest in the world is the Western European provinces, de-approved oolitic ore, which is stored from limonite and hematite and in the smallest world from the side and shamosis. A great part of the provincial community is located on the territory of France. Great genera of the green ores of the Jurassic viku zooseredzheni in Great Britain - in Lincosire (the Frodingham family), Yorkshire (the Cleveland family), Oxfordshire (the Banbury family) and іn. Nimechchin has the most significant genera of rosters in the region of Saltsgitter. There is an ore-bearing conglomerate of the lower grade with a toughness of 5-100 m. Vmist zaliza in ores 25-33%, SiO 2 17-30%, CaO 4 9%, P less than 0.9%.

In the Mesozoic era, the Pivnichniy Afritsa formed a numerical group of gold-ore ancestors (type Bilbao). The stench is characterized by small reserves (from 1 to 20-30 million tons), up to 100 million tons, and is characterized by a high quality of ores (the average volume is close to 52%). Before the whole group, there should be a lineage of substitution in the vapnyaks of yuri and kreydi: in Algeria, the lineages of Uenzi, Bu-Khard, Beni-Sueif; in Morocco - Wixon; in Tunis - Jerissa, Duar and ін. In Asia, the Mesozoic genera of large ores are found in China and Malaysia. In China, stinks are represented by a number of types. The province of Khubei has developed a group of ancestors Yes. The ore pads are rosted on the contacts of the vapnacs in the triac with the intrusions of diorite and syenite. The stench is mainly represented by hematite, muscled magnetite, and later by limonite. Vmist zaliza 57.6-60.5%, P 0.03-0.1%, S 0.06-0.32%, SiO 2 5.9-9.4%.

On the territory of Russia, N. M. Strakhov has seen Pivnichno-Eurasian metallogenic provinces, in the boundaries of such growth: Lipetsk and Tula basins of siderite-hydrogietic ores; genera of siderite-hydrogietite ores of Gorky and Vyatka regions; genera of the infiltratsy type of the Alapaevsk group of the skhidnogo Ural; Khopersky hall_zorudny district; Ayatskoe basin of sea ores (K 2) in Skhidnoe Zaurallya; Zakhidno-Siberian basin of sea oolite ores in the middle of the river. About. The number of genera of avalanche ores are in the boundaries of the Siberian platforms in the area of ​​the development of traps in the Perm-Trias, reaching the marginal parts of the Tunguska syneclis.

Cenozoic era It was characterized by a wide manifestation of the processes of the formation of large ores, which led to the adoption of: 1) the number of genera of the laterite type in America, Asia, Oceania and Africa; 2) siege (sea and continental) ancestors in the territory of the SND, Western Europe, Wine of America i Africa; 3) skarn genera in Rumunia, Indonesia, Mexico and other regions. For the whole era, the characteristic great resources of the deposit, the distribution in the genera of laterite ores, which often take the industrial concentration of Ni and Co. On the territory of the SND, the largest reserves of ore are available є Kerch basin, which includes Pivnichne Prychornomor'ya, I will go part of the steppe Krima, Kerch ta Tamansky p_vostrova... The genera of the siege ores of the tretine vіku vіdomі in the ranks of the regions Western Europe- Dania, Nimechchini (Kessenberg, Grunten), Belgium (Herald), Switzerland (Delemont).

GENETIC TYPES OF PROMISLOVYH RELATIVES. Zal_zorodnі genus of industrial value velmi rіznomomanіtnі. Among them, one can see: 1) magmatic, 2) carbonate, 3) skarn, 4) volcanogenic hydrothermal, 5) volcanogenic-sedimentation, 6) corvivism, 7) sediments and 8) metamorphogenic. The main reserves of avalanche ores in earthly crust tied from metamorphogenic and siege genera.

Magmatic genera. In a group of highly magmatic genera of valiant ores, two classes are seen, tied: 1) with acidic rocks and 2) with basic and ultrabasic rocks. A typical representative of the first class є genus Kirunavara, Roztashovane in Pivnichniy Shvetsiya. The development of this was held in the 19th century for the introduction of the Thomas method of steel melting, since it became possible for the production of phosphorous ores. The genus is represented by the platy ore thickness of the submeridional spreading from the downfalls on the slope along the cut 50-60, which is covered by the syenite-porphyry contact in the recumbent quartz porphyry near the hanging one. The length of the whole area is 4.75 km, the average force is 100 m. It is stacked with magnetite in a tight association with appetite. The mineral veins are represented by augite, hornblende, buttyam and tourmaline. Rudy massive, shilny, developed with fluid and breccia texture. Mineral ore is covered by dykes of aplite, syenite-porphyry and granite. Zm_st Fe to become 55-70%, P - 3.5-6% and more. In apatites, the presence of rare earth and іtriy near the boundaries is 0.15-0.65%. The reserves of magnetite ores of the Kirunovara clan are estimated at 1.8 billion tons. The clan is intensively degraded. The ore goes to metallurgical enterprises in Switzerland, Nimechchin and Great Britain. Pitoma of the blood of genera of this type is 5%, and in the main it is brought to Sweden.

Igneous genera, linked to basic and ultrabasic rocks, є zones of concentrated dissemination from Shlirovaya and vein-like lins-like rocks to titanomagnetite. The main ore mineral of the genus is of the class є titanomagnetite with the structure of a solid rosette, which is magnetite, which is to avenge the thin-plated growths of the ilmenite. In an orderly number of grains, magnetite, ilmenite and spinel are meant. Rudy is characterized by industrial concentrations of Fe, V, inodi Ti and low volume of S and P. The genera of this class are widely seen in the Urals (Kachkanarskoe, Kusinskoe and in.), In Girskiy Altai (Kharlovskoe), in the USA (Tegavus) ...

Carbonate genus. With carbonate massifs, they are not loosely tied to the ore ore genera. The stench is confined, as a rule, to the lush-ultrabasic intrusions of the central type. Characteristics of perovskite-titanomagnetite and apatite-magnetite ore. Such genera are found in Russia on the Baltic Shield (Kovdor, Afrikanda), the Siberian Platform (Gulinsky Massiv), on the African Platform (Sukulu in Uganda, Dorova in Zimbabwe, Lulekop in PAR і ін.).

A typical butt can serve Kovdor family. In the Kirovskiy district of the Murmansk region, it is confined to a single array of ultrabasic-silty rocks and carbonatites with an area of ​​40 km 2. ... Magnetite ores and magnetite-containing rocks are stored in the submeridional straight line of the ore with a depth of 0.3 km and a width of 0.1-0.8 km. The genus rose to a height of 600-700 m. The ore is re-fermented with a small amount of calcite: apatite-Forster-magnetite, Forster-magnetite and phlogopite-apatite-Forster-magnetite. In all types of ores, there is a fine dissemination of pyrochlore and baddeleyite. The change in the main components in ores to become (%): Fe 20-55 (in the middle 29), MgO 15-17, CaO 11-12, P 2.9, S 1.2, MnO and TiO 2 - tens of parts of the weight. The genealogy is broken up AT "Kovdor".

Skarnova (contact-metasomatic) genera tied together with acidic intrusions (granodiorites, quartz diorites), which are in contact with carbonate products. Voni is widely expanded in the Urals (Visokogorsk, Goroblagodatskoe and in.), In Kazakhstan, in the Kostanayskoye region (Sokolivske, Sarbaiskoye, Kacharskoy and in.), Girsky Shore and Khakassia -Springs, Adirondak), Morocco (Reef), Rumunia (Banat) and other regions.

The genera are represented by spherical loads, lenses, nests of suction ores and dissemination of magnetites in skarns. Warehouse of skarn_vnomantny: develop pomegranates, pomegranate-pomegranate, pyroxen-pomegranate, actinolite and epidot-chlorite. Vmіst zalіza in ores varies from 20 to 70%. Gray (up to 3%) is not often present, tied with permeate and chalcopyrite impregnated in ores.

Sokolivske family. Vono roztashovani 40 km from the Kustanaya m in the Turgayskoye Progina and confined to the zone of garnet-pyroxen-scapolytic skarniv, developed along the contact of Paleozoic vapes with diorites and porphyrites. Near the skarn zone, twisted in the submeridional direction for 7.3 km, the magnetite ore is filled with tilo, falling on the west along the edge of 70-80 °. Most high concentrations of magnetite are promoted in the first part of the ore body. Here, on the upper horizons, the pressure of the ore dust reaches 250-270 m. On the sieve area of ​​the ancestry, the pressure of this species does not change 100-110 m. Sublatitude and diagonal breaks extend the lineage to a number of forms up to 800-1400 m. On the upper horizons of the genus up to glibini 70-75 m magnetite martitization. Zm_st Fe in high-grade ores becomes 57-58%, S 1.35-2.57%, P 0.07-0.09%. In the midst of disseminated ores, which can be used as a baggage, there are two grades: with a mixture of Fe 30-50 and 20-30%. The ore is characterized by high concentrations of Ca and Mg, which will reduce the technological smelting process. ancestry break up "Sokolovsko-Sarbayskoe association "... Vidobuta ore comes up to Sokolovsko-Sarbaisky GZK.

Volcanogenic hydrothermal genera paragenetic tightly tied with ladders. Smells are widely expanded on the Siberian platform, de-fixing a number of gold-ore areas: Angara-Katskiy, Angaro-Ilimsk, Sredneangarskiy, Kansk-Tisovskiy, Tunguskiy, Bakhtinskiy and Ilimpeyskiy. The ancestors will fall in the Paleozoic attachments of the platform chokhal. The area of ​​їх distribution is controlled by the development of intrusive traps, the lower ones in the development are covered with halogen-based applications. They were used to tie the light of chlorides to the ground, as they were played in the complex of rocks. Holes of intensive migration of tectonic breaks, as well as a tube of vibrations. As a result, metasomatic changes in the form of mineralization were seen. The ore is vein-like, lenticular and often irregular in shape. Naybіlsh bagati ore zones and storage areas yak tіlami sutsіlnyh, so і breccio-disseminated and disseminated ores. Vmіst zalіza in ores varies from 25 to 60%. The ore-forming magnetite must be replaced by an isomorphic house with magnesium and brought up to the magnitude of the magnetite.

Nybilsh great and typical representative of the group є Korshunov family. It is located in the district of M Zheleznogorsk of the Irkutsk Region, close to the Taishet-Luna highway. The genus is localized in the decks of the platform chokhl, represented by mudstones, vapnyaks, marls, siltstones, and cambrian-Ordovician peaches. Miscellaneous siege formation with steeply dipping tectonic ruptures of viconan tuff breccias and ulamoks of generation, which in the minds of metasomatic changes. The form of ore tl is stock, lenticular and columnar. Basically, the ore was tightly knit from the first approach to the private highway for 2.5 km with a width of 0.4-0.6 km. On the depth of the ore it sounded and quilted up to 1100 m. Dominate Breccievo and disseminated ore, which were tied by stepwise interchanges. The head ore mineral magnetite, which can be covered with up to 6% MgO. Other row ore mineral hematite. The development of the stocks of the ancestral species to outweigh 400 million tons; middle bmist Fe 34.4%, S 0.02% and P 0.2%. The exploitation of the ancestry is carried out by the Korshunovskiy GZK.

Volcanogenic sieges of genera it is admittedly small. They include Zakhidny Karadzhaev in Kazakhstan, the Tersin group in Kuznetsk Alatau, in Algeria Gara Jebilet and Mishera Abdelazis, in Nimechchin of the Lan and Dill clan. The stench is loosely tied, as a rule, with synclinal zones of eugeosynclinal formations. The ore layers are deformed at once to accommodate them. Rudy is folded with hematite, magnetite and siderite. They develop sulfides - pyrite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, galena, and middle non-metallic (vein) minerals - sericite, chlorite, quartz, opal, chalcedony, dolomite, ankerite, apatite and in. Promislov, the significance of the ancestry of the group is small.

A typical representative of the group є ancestry Zakhidny Karadzhaev. It is located in the Karaganda region of Kazakhstan, approximately 110 km away from the station. Jean Ark. The graduates of the 1957-1958 rr took part in the development of the family. Faculty of Geology and Geography of the Bilorus State University (V.P. Eroshin, D.M. Eroshina). In the area of ​​the genus of origin, the formation of efusional and tuffaceous rocks of the Lower-Middle Devonian (up to 1.5 km) and the same pressure of the formation of sedimentary rocks of the Upper Devonian - Lower Carboniferous. Breed, which folds its formations, strongly dislocated, wrinkled into folds, broken by fractures and broken by dykes of diorite and diorite porphyry. Up to 600 m glibini, the breed is covered with 45-50 cut, molding is folded behind the bucket feeder. The ore load is made of bed-like tilo, which can be quilted behind the bed for 6.5 km and down the bottom for 0.8 km. The demand of the whole layer is 20-40 m. In the lower part of the ore deposit there are hematite ores, in the middle - there are magnetites, and the upper part is in the common hematite and manganese ores. Other row minerals - siderite, barite pyrite, galena, sphalerite. The development of the stocks of the ancestor is 300 million tons of ore, with an average amount of Fe 55.6%, SiO 2 12.4%, S 0.6% and P 0.03%.

Vivitryuvannya genera. The stench is most often represented: 1) laterites and 2) golden droplets. Genera of waxy laterites to establish themselves with an array of basic and ultra basic species in the minds of a tropical climate. In many situations, the distribution of silica is found, so that bivalent gold ores can be substituted with the solutions of limonite ores, Ni, Co, Cr, and Mr, i.e., naturally-leavened ores. Most genera, tied with the bark of laterite vivitryvannya, are located in Cuba. Later, treading tautness from 5 to 30 m of ropes on an area of ​​150 km 2 and quilting with breaks for a few dozen kilometers. Rudy is stored with earthy eluvia, so that we can expose the hydroxide to saline, hematite, surpluses of serpentinite from the house of chrome spinel grains, silikati in the nickel. Ore revenge (%): Fe 40-50, Cr 2 O 3 1.5-1.8 (up to 4), Ni 0.7-0.8 (up to 2.5), Mn 0.5-3, P honeycomb parts, S up to 0.2, SiO 2 18-30 and Al 2 O 3 10-12. Vіk genera tretiny, zagalnі reserves їх 15 billion tons. Most of the genera Moa and MAYAR.

The genera of the golden drops to be established at oxidized sulphide or ciderite ores. The ore is most often stored with hydroxides from the ground. The stench may be porous, porous, cavernous or collomorphic of Budova. In the ores of the golden drops, there are some valuable elements - Au, Ag, Pb, Ni and ін.

The siege of the family. Expanding to reach widely and may be more economically significant, occupying other places of the middle genetic types of gold ores. Behind the minds of the approval, the stench grows on the sea and continental.

Siege of sea clans Confirm as a result of the transfer of ice by riverine underground waters near thin and coarse suspensions, colossal breaks and coagulation in conditions of salty waters of sea basins. Ore deposition often occurs during transgression of the sea, when ore is formed with oolite structures. Among them, there are oxide ores, which are stored in hydroxide of saline, silikatny ore, represented by the head grade of salty chlorites, and carbonate - often ciderite ores. Marine sieges of the genera are developed in the middle of the period of the new age - from the Proterozoic (Lower Angarsk genus) to the theoretical inclusive (Kerch Zaliz ore basin, genera in Niger and Benin and in.). In the ores of marine siege genera, Fe is concentrated in the boundary between 20-50%, and more often becomes 30-40%.

The middle of the besieged sea gulf ore genera razr_znyayut geosinklinalnyі platform. The first are represented by Siderite stratal genera in the marine terigenic-carbonate deposits (Bakal group of ancestors in the Western Urals) and by the marine hematite genera in the terigenic-carbonate deposits (USA). Platforms of marine genera of siderite-leptochlorite-hydrogematite ores (Ayatskoe, Kerchensky, Zakhidno-Sibirsky, Lotarinsky basins).

A typical representative of the siege sea basins of the platform type є Kerch zal_zorudny basin. Bassein Bouv was found in the 1830s. Rudy began to master in the 1955-1970s rock. I want to go to the old and small outskirts of the Kerch Piostrov and to go to the Tamansky Piostrov. The area of ​​the pool is 150 km 2. The territory of the pool is folded by upper third folds, winter folds in flat folds with axes twisted in latitudinal and lateral-lateral strands. There are two types of genera of siege ores. The first type of confinement to the great tectonic brachisinclinal structures is the troughs, the other is the tying with pseudotectonic structures - compensatory deflections in the zone of development of mud volcanism.

The upper third inserts, which store the troughs, include a number of clay layers, interbedded with sands, and in the lower part with vapnyaks. Lay the ore seam with vapnyak pontic layer (lower Pliocene). In the central parts of the troughs, the zalyaga is horizontal, and on the krill there are heaps of 10-15. The pressure of the seam varies from 2-3 m on krill up to 25-30 m in the axial parts of the trough. The ore layer is folded mainly by oolite ores. The size of oolites varies from part of a millimeter to 5-10 mm. Voni zcementuvati kerchenity, vitianita, barite, psilomelane, pyrolusite, zinc and manganese carbonates. The leading types of ores are "tyutyunov" and "brown". The first ones were formed in the oxidized zone, others for the first ones in the oxidative zone. Other-row є manganese-zalizist ryanie ore, which comes from brown grown in bulk with manganese. Most high-grade "brown" ores, leading minerals such as hydrogetite and ferrimontmorillonite, and other row ones - psilomelan, pyrolusite, gypsum, aragonite, calcite, pyrite, kerchite, quartz, glauconium. The "brown" ores have (%): Fe 37.7; MnO 3; V 2 O 5 1.20; P 1.0; S 0.06; As 0.13.

Siege of continental genera represented mainly by brown iron ores of lacustrine and bog genesis. Such ores are widely expanded on the European platform and in the Tula and Lipetsk regions. The stench is characterized by low salinity (up to 30-40%). Naybilsh is a great family type - Lisakovsk Bulo vіdkrito in the 1960s rocks in the Kostanay region (Kazakhstan). Lay the ore here for dozens of kilometers. Zm_st Fe in ores is 30-35% and P is close to 0.5%.

metamorphogenic genera may be more important than economical value. At this part of the fall, the main mass of light reserves is close to 60% of light ores. For reserves, prices, as a rule, are unique and great genera. Smells are seen on the Canadian, Brazilian, Indian, Indian-African, Baltic and Ukrainian shields, as well as on the Chinese and Australian platforms, the Kursk-Voronez massifs and in the Ukrainian warehouses.

To the whole series, it is possible to carry out: 1) load of saline quartzite and 2) rich gold ore in ancient metamorphic formations. Zalizist_ quartzite is attached only to the Precambrian folding regions. Smell is a small amount of ore with a total of 20-40% (partly 32-37%) and is characterized by very low concentrations of P and S. viterpili metamorphism of facie green slates. The leading minerals of gold quartzite of the group formations are quartz, magnetite, hematite, cumingtonite, biotite, chlorite, older siderite, hydroxene and pool amphiboli. Most of the changes in the genera of the amphibolite phase of metamorphism are represented by mensh great (hundreds of millions of tons) genera.

With comrades of gold quartzite, tied pads rich gold ores. The stench is a product of the natural transformation of saline quartzites, which is established as a result of the hardening of quartz and the spreading of silica during the processes of ancient creation or metamorphism. There are two main morphological types of loadings of high-grade ores - raincoat and line. The first ones fall on the heads of steeply dipping layers of galery quartzite, others - it is themselves to go on a depth, stretching along the stretching and significant exertion of wedge-like ore layer of high-grade fallow ores of mid-gale quartzite. Mineral warehouse of high-grade ores: martite and martitized magnetite, hematite, goethite, hydrogetite, clay minerals, secondary carbonates and pyrite. Rudy may be very high in Fe (54-69%).

The largest gold ore basins of a type є in the SND: Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (Lebedinske, Mikhaylovske, Korobkovskoe, Saltikovsky and In. Rodovisha), Krivorizky gold ore basin, in the distant overseas ore zone of the United States , in the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil), in the states of Bihar and Orissa (India), the Hamersli basin (Western Australia), etc.

Typical representative of the group - Krivorizkiy (Krivorizko-Kremenchutskiy) ore basin. Rosetting on the right bank of the Dnipro River in the borders of Ukraine. Productive є Kryvorіzka serіya of golden rocks of the Proterozoic age, which can stand at the sight of the vuzkoy smog of a pіvnіch-pіvnіchno-shіdnogo stretching for 100 km. The width of the region in the Kryvyi Rih region is 5-6 km. Krivorіzka serіya zalyagaє transgressive with a sharp kutovym badness on the rocks of the archaea. There are three types of visualization in the development of the market: lower - arkozovi-phillitovy (podrudny); middle - ore-bearing, representations of zaly quartzite and hornfelses, and upper - clay-shale (overrun). The geological structure of the basin is even foldable (Fig. 1). Krivorizka seria has made a foldable synclinorium, which can be stored from synclinal and anticlinal folds from the bottom of the krill with cutouts 45-80. Sharniri synclinalei are covered with a cut up to 40 in a private direction. A number of ore-bearing structures can be seen near the basin (from the beginning of the day): Inguletskaya (Pivdenne ore field), Saksaganska (Golovne, or Saksaganske ore field), Pershotravneva, Hannivske, Zhovtorichensky (Pole)

Among the saline quartzites, they develop magnetites, magnetite-hematite, hematite types and oxide growths. Bagati of ore, which is stored in the main from oxides and hydroxides of zaliza, store bed, pillar, stock and linseed pads of middle quartzite. The smell is characterized by high high Fe (54-64%) and low concentrations of small houses (S 0.03-0.15%, P 0.04-0.26%). The reserves of high-grade ores are 1.5 billion tons (average Fe is 57.6%), gold quartzite is 18 billion tons (average Fe is 35.9%).

MATERIALS OF I ore occurrences U BILORUSI. Zalizni ore evolved in the rocks of the crystalline basement and sedimentary chokhli (bog ore, siderite). The crystal foundation has 2 genera and 10 ore occurrences. Most generous є Okolovskoe, Roztashovane in the Stolbtsovsky district of the Minsk region. The zalizists of quartzite were knitted from stratified ones of the Okolovo series (about 2 billion rubles). Smells are found in a dense paragenetic association with plug-in-gneisses and amphibolites. Zalyagannya lazy tovschі accelerated by tectonic ruptures of sublatitudinal, submeridional and winter-lateral formation. Three horizons of glazy quartzites, taut from 20-80 to 125-259 m, are found in the ancestors, which may form a sheet-like form, monoclinally lagging from the downward slope of 60-80 degrees. Up to 5-6 ore layers can be seen at the horizons. There are two main types of ores: silikatno-magnetite quartzite and magnetite amphibolite. The head ore mineral-magnetite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, ilmenite, and in the weakly developed oxidation zone - martite, hematite and limonite are observed. Average vm_st zaliza in productive formations 27%. Rudy is good to go. For the data of early exploration, reserves of saline ores of category C 1 to a glybin of 700 m store 340 million tons.

Novoselkovske family Ilmenite-magnetite ores are located in the Korelichsky district of the Grodno region. It is controlled by a small (1.50.5 km) intrusive gabro, which has become aware of metamorphism in the minds of the amphibolite facies. The genus is broken by tectonic debris (type skid) of a three-block overhang with an amplitude of close to 100 m. 15% in the skin of them is seen from three to five ore layers of the sheet-like, the galaxy forms taut from 4 to 128 m, stretching along the span from 110 to 411 m, and downward - from 110 to 640 m. up to 60%) and і ilmenite (up to 30%), in the other row - pyrite and pyrrhotite. The middle instead of the main components in the ores is charged in the boundaries (%): Fe zag. 23.5-35.7; TiO 2 4.2-6.0; V 2 O 5 0.15-0.24; P 2 O 5 0.48-0.51; S 0.8-1.04.

In most cases, ore is processed in an efficient manner. Yogo the essence of the field is in the fact that all the necessary technology will be delivered to the birth and will be kar'er. In the middle carriage, it is close to 500 meters in the depth, and its diameter is beyond the middle of the peculiarities of the genus. With the help of a special possession, the ore is collected, stored on the storage for transporting even more important vantages of the machine and transported. As a rule, from the carriage of corysn_ kopalini to transport directly to the enterprises, which are engaged in processing.

The shortage of the method of polishing is in the fact that it gives me the ability to vidobuvati ore only on an occasionally small amount of glybin. Oscillations are not easy to lie on the road more - on the back of 600-900 m from the surface of the earth - to be brought to the mine. With a handful of rocking the shaft of the mine, like a shitty well with a well-strengthened wall. From the stovbur in the small sides enter the corridors, which are called drifts. I know that ore is plentiful in them, and then, for the extra special possession, they are brought to the surface. Tsey method of tying the golden ore is effective, but at the same hour of tying with a serious problem and vitratic.

There is one more way that allows you to add ore to the ore. Vin is called SRS or borehole hydroprocessing. The ore is used to drill the ground in such a way: to drill deeply in the middle of the hole, lower the pipes with the hydraulic monitor and crush the rock behind an additional strong water jet, and then move it to the surface. Tsey is safe, however, unfortunately, it is not effective. The managers of this method are given only about 3% of saline ore, at that hour, about 70% will be obtained for the help of the mines. Fakhіvtsі is engaged in the basic method of the upper part of the hydrovidobutku, and the hope, which is the main option in the future male, will become the main one who has managed to win over the mines.

Zalizna ore is a natural mineral solution, like to take revenge in your storehouse, as well as its development. With a large amount of money in place of the breed, it is guilty of such a person, who has no problem for industry.

Behind your chemistry warehouse, there is a lot of gold ore. Tse can be buty hydrates, oxides, in carbon dioxide salts, acid salt. The main minerals, which are stored in zaliznyak ore - the price of magnetic zaliznyak, chervony zaliznyak and burial zaliznyak, as well as zalizny spar and its variety - spheroderit. In the main, ore deposits are a sum of minerals, as well as a sum of minerals, so you can't put a deposit in your warehouse.

Falsely from a small amount of gold, which can be found in a gold ore, you see a lot of ore. In the case of large ores, the amount of gold is not less than 57%. They have 8-10% silica, as well as serum and phosphorus. Such a zalizna ore is established for the development of quartz and silica distribution during trivial vivification or metamorphosis. Bidna zalizna ore to replace yak minimum 26% zalizna. At lower values, the rejection of the zaliza becomes unprofitable. Before processing, bidnu ore dodatkovo zbagachuyut.

For its campaigns, all the ore can be divided into three categories: endogenous, metamorphogenic and exogenous. Endogenous ores were established under high temperatures or hot mineralized solutions. Metamorphogenic ore ores are transformed as a result of pouring into a high vice. Before the exogenous fall off the sea and lacustrine basins, the stench grows in the valleys and deltas of the rychok at the mussel waters with half-gulls.

Most abundant gold ore is Australia, Brazil and Canada, which are the main exporters. Russia also has a load of ore. Її vidobuvayut near Kurskiy, in Kusbass, bilya Norilsk, on Kolskiy pіvostrovі. And the axis of the main sources of gold ore is China, Japan and the Republic of Korea.

dzherela:

• zalizna ore scho tse

Sredne ore in World of Warcraft is one of the most valuable and valuable resources to be able to become a vicarious professional. The foldability of the vidbutku is tied to this, but the principle of the presence of the common ones is alive, so the singing route cannot be found.

Features of common ancestors

Wealth in WOW is necessary not only for jewelers, but for farmers, and to help engineers, how to play with the common evil in special contacts and details. On the basis of a large number of other ores, the genera of which are found in fixed points of the game, the most common ore is alive, the substitute of the second metals is of the highest rank: tin and gold.

Obviously, when you are busy with the vidbut of the middle ore maє sense in quiet locations, the number of genera of tin is the maximum, while the location itself is not overpopulated, because you will have to fight for the skin vein with competitors. Such locations include Ternista Valley, Feralas, Nagir'ya Arati, Peredgir'ya Hilsbrad, Pasuristy mountains and bezlich ones.

Orієntuvatisya demand on the level of the location, so as the tin and zalizni lived in themselves great numbers roztasovani in mіtsyah, signs for characters in 20-30 rіvnіv.

Vvazhaєtsya, for a chance to appear, they lived on the island of tin vishche, but not on the city of zaliznoy, protest of the official support to the city. Mozhlivo, on the right, in the one where the ore is more demanding, the one who does not live in the regions, de von predominantly, is not so rich.

Industrial scale view

In the ideal for a smart and effective joke of the common ore, it is necessary to acquire the most smart transport means, tobto, a flying dragon or a griffin with the maximum benefit. It is a pity that such a vikhovanets will not be cheap, before that, there will be a chance to reach the level required for vivchennya vminnya naїznik. Before that, you will have to pay a singing sum in gold for the opportunity to soak up the lands of Azeroth.

Pole the life of a miner can have special modifications, or "addon", which will memorize the coordinates of all genera that were introduced earlier. For a few days, you will have a card, on which you will be marked with a large number of young monsters of the appearance of this ore.

As long as you are vserioz plan to take care of the vidbut of the medium, do not use tin and large veins, especially if you collapse along a circular route. On the right, in the fact that the middle-class lived to appear at the place of the birth of the family, it’s in that case, if it’s worth it, but it means that everything is needed. Fuck it, you won't take it away

"Metallurgical complex of Russia" - Development of new technologies. Presentation of Syrovini and Energy. View of ore. 1.Vіdkrita method 2.Mine method. The peculiarity of vicorist ore. Obstruction of the lithosphere: Solid ascending came from the developed breed. Zabrudnennya biosphere: Ruynuvannya natural complexes Biological mutations. mіdna ore... Type of energy.

"Chorna metallurgy of Russia" - Combination virobnstva - unification of all stages of metallurgy virobniztva. Zbagachennya ore. Get to know the peculiarities and problems of black metallurgy. Metal is one of the leading construction materials. Ferroalloy production. Part of Russia in the light of reserves and type of gold ore. Metallurgical enterprise of the recycle cycle.

"Chorna metallurgy" - 4 groups of reactions - approving the chavun 3 fe + 2CO = fe3c + CO2. View of ore. Products of metallurgical plants. Genera of zaliznyh ores. see enterprises black metallurgy... Zalizny pyrite FeS2. So also metallurgy? Repetition. Chemistry of the blast-furnace process. Ecological problems black metallurgy.

"Kolorova metallurgy" - Aluminum tin mid tungsten nickel molybdenum magnesium medium. Heads of the region (districts) for the import of products. Significance of Russia in color metallurgy. Sayanskiy aluminum plant. Important color metals: Heads of the country-virobniks. Colored threw: hot, good to conduct an electric stream, not rust.

"Chorna metallurgy svitu" - Lands-leaders from steel production 2004 r (mln. Tons). Methods of steel production (%). Types of enterprises of black metallurgy. The factories, which are injected into the distribution of enterprises of black metallurgy. Technological stages in the production of black metals. Some of the exporters: 1. Brazil 2. Australia 3. Canada 4. Russia.

"Vyrobnitsvo alumіnіyu" - MECHANISM PRICE SETTING FOR ALUMINUM - Londonska Birzha Metaliv (LME). Virobnichy lantsyuzhok of the United Company. -. 6. 9. 12. Pleasure from the establishment of the united company. Light aluminum streams (2005). Alumina - syruvinny safety. Injection of aluminum into the market.

All in 10 presentations

zaliznі ore- natural minerals assertion, how to avenge the balances of that kind in such an opinion, if the promislovs of the knights gossip out of them have been thoroughly approved. It is unimportant for those who can enter into a large or small amount from a warehouse of all kinds of ores, because of the name of the large ores, it is only such a purchase of green spoluks, from some of the wineries.

tipi ore

There are some industrial types of hard ores:

• Titanium-magnetite and ilmenite-titanomagnetite in basites and ultrabases
• Apatite-magnetite in carbonatites
• Magnetite and magnetite-magnetite in skarns
• Magnetite-hematite in the green quartzite
• Martite and martite-hydrohematite (bagati ore, set on the gold quartzite)
• Goetite is a gidrogytite in the corridor of vivitryuvannya.

There are three types of gold ore products, which can be processed into ferrous metallurgy: separated ore (extracted by the method of separating ore), sintered ore (sintered, lumped with a cake of thermal aggregates) diameter close to 1-2 cm).

Chemistry warehouse

per chemical warehouse Zalizni ore is an oxide, hydrates of oxides and in carbonic salts of sour zaliza, occurring in nature in vigels of versatile ore minerals, from some of the most important: magnetite, and magnesium oxide; hematite, or zal_zny blisk (chervoniy zal_znyak); limonite, or burial zaliznyak, before swamp and ore ore can be introduced; nareshty, siderite, or sparious zaliznyak (zalizny spar), іth type of spherosіderit. Exceptionally, the purchase of the names of ore minerals from the skin is a sum of rykh, some of them, of the same minerals, but not to revenge the gulf, as, for example, with clay, vapnyak or warehouse parts crystal rocks. Sometimes, in one and the same family, there are children who are mentally minded, who want in a large number of families who are not alone, but they are genetically linked to him.

Bagata zalizna ore in methodology

Bagata zalizna ore is less than 57% for silica, less than 8-10% for silica, and less than 0.15% for sulfur and phosphorus. It is a product of the natural reclaiming of saline quartzites, which are folded over the quartz and unfolded silikats during the processes of trivial vivitryvannya or metamorphosis. Bidnі zalіznі ore can be at least 26% zalіza.

There are two main morphological types of deposits of rich saline ore: flat-like and line-like.

Flat-like boulders on the tops of steeply dipping layers of gross quartzites near large areas with a pocket-like bottom and extend to typical vivitryvannya crusts. Linear loads represent wedge-like ore deposits of heavy ores in the zones of fracture, crushing, crushing, crushing, wiggling in the process of metamorphosis. Rudi is characterized by high salinity (54-69%) and low salinity and phosphorus. A typical butt of metamorphosis of generic rich ores can be found in Pervomaisk and Zheltovodskoe generic in the private part of Kryvbas.

Bagatі zalіznі ore go to the high-melting chavun in blast furnaces, which is then transformed into steel in an open-hearth, converter or electric steel-smelting virobnitstvі. It is also directly renewable (hot briquette).

Bіdni and middle behind the bulk of the ore, with the help of industrial vicariousness, we must go through the process of recovery.

Promislovi types of ancestors

Head industry types of gold ore genera

• Genera of gold quartzites and rich ores, which were established according to them

Mayut metamorphogenic promenade. The ore is represented by zalizisty quartzite, or jaspili, magnetite, hematite-magnetite and hematite-martite (in the oxidized zone). Baseyny of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (KMA, Russia) and Krivorizky (Ukraine), the area of ​​Lake Verkhny (English) grew up. (USA and Canada), gold ore province Hamersley (Australia), Minas Gerais region (Brazil).

• Layers of siege of genera. Mayut chemogenic prokhodzhennya, pretended to be a rakhunok vipadannya zaliznichny razchiniv. Tse oolitov, or beans, gold ores, represented mainly by goethite and hydrogetite. Lotarinsky basin (France), Kerch basin, Lisakovsk and ін. (Kolishn_y SRSR).
• Skarnovy zalizorodny genera. Sarbayskoe, Sokolivske, Kacharskoi, Grace Mountain, Magnitogorske, Tashtagolsky.
• Complex titanomagnetite genera. The trekking is magmatic, the genera are confined to the great Precambrian intrusions. Ore minerals - magnetite, titanomagnetite. Kachkanarskoe, Kusinskoe genera, genera of Canada, Norway.

Other row industrial types of gold ore genera

• Complex carbonate apatite-magnetite genera. Kovdorskoe.
• Zalіzorudny Magnetite-magnetite genera. Korshunovsky, Rudnogorskoe, Neryundinskoe.
• Gold ore family. Bakalskoe, Russia; Zigerlyand, Nimechchina and in.
• Saline ore and gold-iso-manganese oxide layers of genera in volcanic-sedimentary comrades. Karazhalskoe.
• Gold ore bed-forming lateritic genera. Pivdenny Ural; Cuba і ін.

stocks

The newly developed reserves of zaliznoy ore become close to 160 billion tons, in which there are close to 80 billion tons of pure gold. According to the US Geological Survey, a portion of the genera of the gold ore of Brazil and Russia falls on 18% of the gold reserves of gold. Stocks per pererakhunka for vm_st zaliza:

• Інші - 22%

Rospodil reserves of gold ore in the regions:

• Інші - 20%

Export and import

Most exporters of gold ore in 2009 (total 959.5 million tons), million tons:

Most important imports of gold ore in 2009, mln tons:

Peak prices for zalizna ore buv dostyagnutiy in 2011 rotsi z close to $ 180 per ton

Zalizo bulo see people in the first hour. It’s a historical period, if a person has become familiar with the world and has become actively victorious in his own country, he will be able to live in great cities. Also in the 1st yew. BC people came to see vidobuvati zalizo in adits, and also knew steel and chavun, yaki є the main components of gold ore.

Through a thousand years, gold and until the whole day, become one of the most widespread metals, which can be victorious in the other spheres of human activity. Vyrobrytvo zaliza tied with a view of the zaliznyh ores.

Zaliznye ores are called as established in the nature of minerals, in warehouses that can be found in the same spoluky. Varto mean that the percentage of the balance is absolutely in need girskikh breeds, Protect not skin from them є zaliznyak... Such can be called only ti, instead of going into those who can be finished for the first time from the point of view of an economical vigodi.

Main deposits of ore

Zalіznі ore deny their own classification. Here are some of the following:

• Titanium-magnetite and ilmenite-titanomagnetite in basites and ultrabases;
• Apatite-magnetites in carbonatites;
• Magnetite and magnetite-magnetite in skarns;
• Magnetite-hematite in the green quartzite;
• Martite and martite-hydrohematite (bagati ore, set in the gold quartzite);
• Goetite-gidrogytitivie in vivitryuvannya korі.

However, the most priority among all types of gold ores is magnetic gold, in the warehouse there is up to 70% of oxide and acid salt.

Chorna metallurgy zaliznі ore rozdіlya into three classes:

1. Separated. MA low viscosity instead of zaliza;
2. Agloruda. Zalizo presence in the її warehouses in the middle value;
3. Okatishi. Syrah of zalizovmіsnykh masa, scho is in his warehouse, as a rule, a house for vapnyaku.

Genera of zaliznoi ore

For light statistics, on the planet Earth has been successfully disintegrated genera, in which there are close to 160 billion tons of gold ore and close to 80 billion tons of gold. The basins of gold ore buli have appeared on the territories of Russia, Brazil, Australia, Ukraine, China, India, the USA and others. However, genera with the maximum concentration of clean hair can be found in the Russian and Brazilian territories. Ore deposits in Russia are seen in the territory of the Old Urals, Sverdlovsk Oblast (Kachkanar clan), Kursk Magnetic Anomalies, as well as in other regions of the country.

Among the industrial genera we see heads and other rows. Generic dermal groups are classified according to types. Today's middle of the ancestors of the first group see:

1. Genera of gold quartzites and rich ores;
2. Layers of siege;
3. Skarnovy zalizorudny;
4. Complex titanomagnetites.

To lay down to another group:

1. Complex carbonate apatite-magnetite;
2. Zalizorudny Magnetite;
3. Gold ore ore;
4. Saline ore and zalizomanganese oxide layers of genera in volcanogenic-sedimentary comrades;
5. Gold ore bed-forming lateritic genera.

View of gold ore

It is economically viable to rotate the views of gold ore with the greatest amount of gold. With such a rank, you can pay for your baggage and bed. The first ones are characterized by the appearance in their warehouses in the amount of 57% or more. Others, in their own turn, may have a significantly smaller value - close to 26%.

At the end of the day, at the end of the day, there is a small number of views of this cinnamon copaline. Vidobutok zaliznoї ore zdіysnyuєtsya, head rank, vіdkrytim method. It is especially special - the fact that everything is necessary for carrying out the robotic technology to be transported to the birthplace, to deduce the form of a carriage. yogo middle glybin to become, as a rule, 500 meters. With the diameter of the situation, the inaksha is a new source of specialty of the family. Zalizna ore will be used for additional special technology and transported to enterprises with the help of additional processing. It is a way of thinking about incomplete things, as they can do it in the possibility of adding brown and kopalini, to lay them down a little bit under the earth.

In іnshomu vypadnі kopalini vyyaguyutsya іf the earthly overhead mine method. For the first time, a stovbur is formed in the first place, from which corridors (drifts) are rounded up in the sides. The ore is very unhappy, it’s a bit uncomfortable, and in conjunction with it, it’s brought directly into the mines, for which it’s sent in parts to the surface of the earth. The Danish method of vidobutku maє visoku efficiency. Ale, don’t marvel at the price, I’ll see it’s not safe and expensive.

It is not only two methods of vidobutku zaliznyh ores, іsnuu, so ranks, SRS or borehole hydroforming. Yogo the essence of the pole is in the form of the Sverdlovini, through the yak to the pads of the wikopny, the pipes are fed with the hydraulic monitor. Through the pipes, water is supplied in a vigorous grip, a stream of crushed rock. Pislya tsyogo breed grows up hill.

The rest of the way, sometimes in advance, is one great plus and minus one hour. At that hour, when it’s absolutely safe, it’s also not very effective, and only about 3% of the ore can be added to it, while the mine method allows you to get up to 70%.

Vcheni gradually work over the thoroughly given method. I, you can, in as late as an hour the SRS go to the top of the mine copaline and the quarry method.