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The main genera of gold ore. zaliznі ore

zaliznі ore- natural minerals assertion, how to avenge the balances of that kind in such an opinion, if the promislovs of the knights gossip out of them have been thoroughly approved. It is unimportant for those who can enter into a large or small amount from a warehouse of all kinds of ores, because of the name of the large ores, it is only such a purchase of green spoluks, from some of the wineries.

tipi ore

There are some industrial types of hard ores:

  • Titanium-magnetite and ilmenite-titanomagnetite in basites and ultrabases
  • Apatite-magnetite in carbonatites
  • Magnetite and magnetite-magnetite in skarns
  • Magnetite-hematite in the green quartzite
  • Martite and martite-hydrohematite (bagati ore, set on the gold quartzite)
  • Goetite is a gidrogytite in the corridor of vivitryuvannya.

There are three types of gold ore products, which can be processed into ferrous metallurgy: separated ore (extracted by the method of separating ore), sintered ore (sintered, lumped with a cake of thermal aggregates) diameter close to 1-2 cm).

Chemistry warehouse

per chemical warehouse Zalizni ore is an oxide, hydrates of oxides and in carbonic salts of sour zaliza, occurring in nature in vigels of versatile ore minerals, from some of the most important: magnetite, and magnesium oxide; hematite, or zal_zny blisk (chervoniy zal_znyak); limonite, or burial zaliznyak, before swamp and ore ore can be introduced; nareshty, siderite, or sparious zaliznyak (zalizny spar), іth type of spherosіderit. The extravagantly skinned collection of the names of ore minerals represents a sum of rykh, some of them, with some minerals, but not to sweep the gall, like, for example, with clay, but rather to go to the storage parts of the spoiled crystal. Sometimes, in one and the same family, there are children who are mentally minded, who want in a large number of families who are not alone, but they are genetically linked to him.

Bagata zalizna ore in methodology

Bagata zalizna ore is less than 57% for silica, less than 8-10% for silica, and less than 0.15% for sulfur and phosphorus. It is a product of the natural reclaiming of saline quartzites, which are folded over the quartz and unfolded silikats during the processes of trivial vivitryvannya or metamorphosis. Bidnі zalіznі ore can be at least 26% zalіza.

There are two main morphological types of deposits of rich saline ore: flat-like and line-like.

Flat-like boulders on the tops of steeply dipping layers of gross quartzites near large areas with a pocket-like bottom and extend to typical vivitryvannya crusts. Linear loads represent wedge-like ore deposits of heavy ores in the zones of fracture, crushing, crushing, crushing, wiggling in the process of metamorphosis. Rudi is characterized by high salinity (54-69%) and low salinity and phosphorus. A typical butt of metamorphosis of generic rich ores can be found in Pervomaisk and Zheltovodskoe generic in the private part of Kryvbas.

Bagatі zalіznі ore go to the high-melting chavun in blast furnaces, which is then transformed into steel in an open-hearth, converter or electric steel-smelting virobnitstvі. It is also directly renewable (hot briquette).

Bіdni and middle behind the bulk of the ore, with the help of industrial vicariousness, we must go through the process of recovery.

Promislovi types of ancestors

Head industry types of gold ore genera

  • Genera of gold quartzites and rich ores, which were established according to them

Mayut metamorphogenic promenade. The ore is represented by zalizisty quartzite, or jaspili, magnetite, hematite-magnetite and hematite-martite (in the oxidized zone). Baseyny of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (KMA, Russia) and Krivorizky (Ukraine), the area of ​​Lake Verkhny (English) grew up. (USA and Canada), gold ore province Hamersley (Australia), Minas Gerais region (Brazil).

  • Layers of siege of genera. Mayut chemogenic prokhodzhennya, pretended to be a rakhunok vipadannya zaliznichny razchiniv. Tse oolitov, or beans, gold ores, represented mainly by goethite and hydrogetite. Lotarinsky basin (France), Kerch basin, Lisakovsk and ін. (Kolishn_y SRSR).
  • Skarnovy zalizorodny genera. Sarbayskoe, Sokolivske, Kacharskoi, Grace Mountain, Magnitogorske, Tashtagolsky.
  • Complex titanomagnetite genera. The trekking is magmatic, the genera are confined to the great Precambrian intrusions. Ore minerals - magnetite, titanomagnetite. Kachkanarskoe, Kusinskoe genera, genera of Canada, Norway.

Other row industrial types of gold ore genera

  • Complex carbonate apatite-magnetite genera. Kovdorskoe.
  • Zalіzorudny Magnetite-magnetite genera. Korshunovsky, Rudnogorskoe, Neryundinskoe.
  • Gold ore family. Bakalskoe, Russia; Zigerlyand, Nimechchina and in.
  • Saline ore and gold-iso-manganese oxide layers of genera in volcanic-sedimentary comrades. Karazhalskoe.
  • Gold ore bed-forming lateritic genera. Pivdenny Ural; Cuba і ін.

stocks

The newly developed reserves of zaliznoy ore become close to 160 billion tons, in which there are close to 80 billion tons of pure gold. According to the US Geological Survey, a portion of the genera of the gold ore of Brazil and Russia falls on 18% of the gold reserves of gold. Stocks per pererakhunka for vm_st zaliza:

  • Інші - 22%

Rospodil reserves of gold ore in the regions:

  • Інші - 20%

Export and import

Most exporters of gold ore in 2009 (total 959.5 million tons), million tons:

Most important imports of gold ore in 2009, mln tons:

Peak prices for zalizna ore buv dostyagnutiy in 2011 rotsi z close to $ 180 per ton

Zalizorudny agglomerate for metallurgical production.zaliznі ore (Rus. Zalizni ores, English Iron ores, nyou. Eisenerze n pl) - natural mineral statement, which can be done in such quantities, when it is economically vidobuvati.
Mineral approval, how to take revenge in such quantities, for which it is economically vidobuvati. The main ore minerals of gold ores are as follows: oxides of zaliza - magnetite, hematite, martite; hydroxide - goethite and hydroxyethite; carbonati - siderite and siderite; silikati - chamosite and tyurigit.
All in all, there are 300 minerals, which can be used to avenge zalizo: oxides, sulfides, silikati, phosphates, carbonate and in. Naivazhivіshі minerals: magnetite Fe 2 O 4 (72.4% Fe), hematite Fe 2 O 3 (70% Fe), goethite FeOOH (62.9% Fe), lepidocrokit FeO (OH) (62.9% Fe) , limonite - sum of Fe hydroxides from SiO 2 і ін. fluvines (40-62% Fe), siderite FeCO 3 (48.2% Fe), ilmenite FeTiO 3 (36.8% Fe), chamosite (34-42% FeO), vivianite (43.0% FeO), boronites (34.6% Fe 2 O 3), jarosite (47.9% Fe 2 O 3) і ін.
Vmіst zaliza in ores - from 10 to 72%. Bidni ores (up to 46% of saline) can be used for storage. Salt ore to replace small houses: cinnamon - nickel, cobalt, manganese, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and in. І shkіdlivі - sіrka, phosphorus, zinc, lead, mish'yak, mіd. The genera of volatile ores of industrial value are tied with endogenous, exogenous and metamorphogenic seria. Among them, behind the genesis, there are magmatic, carbonate, skarn, volcanogenic hydrothermal, volcanogenic sediments, measles vivitryuvannya, sediments, metamorphogenic genera.
Industrial types of ores are classified as fallow ore minerals, re-fermented.
magnetite ores deposited with magnetite, the stench is more characteristic of carbonatite, skarn and hydrothermal genera. From the carbonatite genera, apatite and badeleite are added along the way, from the skarn - sulfide colonic metals and pyrite, and cobalt. A special type є titanomagnetite of the ore of magmatic genera. Magnetite ores cover up to 72% of gold.
hematite ore it is stored in a large grade of hematite and in the smallest world with magnetite. The stench is widened in the cortex of the growth of golden quartzites, in skarn, hydrothermal and volcanogenic sedimentary ores. Bagati of hematite ores replace 55 - 65% gold and 15 - 18% manganese.
siderite ore grow on crystalline siderite ore and clay whispers of iron ore. The stench is created in hydrothermal and volcanogenic sedimentary genera. Vmist zaliza in siderite ores 30-35%. The production of siderite ores in vipalu as a result of the visible CO2, removes fine-porous zalizooxide concentrates, which is 1-2%, and sometimes up to 10% of manganese. In the zone, ore oxidized by siderite is transformed into storms.
Silikatnі zalіznі ores deposited with zalizy chlorite (chamosite, tyuringitom and in.), which are supervised by hydroxides of zaliza, inodі siderite. The average salinity in ores becomes 25-40%, the house of gray is insignificant, phosphorus - up to 1%. The stench often gives off oolite texture. At the core of vivitryvannya silikatny ore is transformed into storms, sometimes in chervony (hydrogematite) iron ores. Burі zalіznyaky are stored with hydroxides of zaliza, often with hydroxide. Buri zaliznyaks settle sieges (marine and continental) and genera of measles vivitryuvannya. Sediated ores often have oolite texture. The average salinity in ores becomes 30-35%. In buri zaliznyakahs of deyaky genera, up to 1-2% manganese is avenged. In naturally-legible buri zaliznyakhs, which are established in the crusts of ultrabasic rocks, 32-48% of saline, up to 1% nickel, up to 2% chromium, hundreds of parts of cobalt and vanadium are found. From such ores without houses, chromium-nickel chavuni and low-alloyed steel are melted.
zalizist_ quartzite folded in thin quartz, magnetite, hematite, magnetite-hematite and siderite projectiles, which are scudded in balls, silica houses and carbonates. Rudy is characterized by a large volume of 12 to 36% and a low volume of large houses (instead of water and phosphorus in a warehouse of hundreds of small parts). Generic species may be unique (more than 10 billion tons) or large (more than 1 billion tons) ore reserves. In the bark of vivitryuvannya silica to wine and set up a great load of rich hematite-martite ores.
Darkness of magnetite-quartzite with dispersed hematite, Kriviy Rig. Most of the reserves and ores of the form fall on the quartzite deposits and fixes on them the amount of gold ores, less widening of the deposits of brown ores, as well as skarn, hydrothermal and carbonatites of magnetite ores.
Behind the bulk of the deposit, the amount of ore is released (more than 50% of the amount, and the silica is less than 8 ... 10%, the grain and phosphorus is not more than 0.15%) and the basic (less than 25% of the amount) of ore, which can be used for the recovery. For the clear characteristics of high-grade ores, it is more important to have a mass and production of non-difficult houses (slag-forming components), which is rotated by the basicity ratio and a silicon module. For the value of the silicon modulus (the change in the sum of oxides of calcium and magnesium in the sum of oxides of silicon and aluminum), the bulk of the ore and the concentrate are based on acid (0.7 or less), self-fluxing eleven). We brush є self-fluxing ores, acid, in proportion with the main ones, introduced into the blast-furnace charge of the added amount of vapnyak (flux). According to the size of the silica module (from the silica oxide to the iron oxide to the aluminium oxide), the brown ore types with the modulus lower than 2 ore types. 10-20%; martite and hematite ores and hematite quartzite with a volume of more than 30%; siderite and hydrogetite ore with more than 25% salinity. The lower boundary instead of the zalous and magnetite for skin birthing at the scale of the scale, technical and economical minds will become conditioned.
Rudy, you know how to get ready for easy and important bags. The ore deposit is deposited as a mineral stock and texture-structural features. Magnetite ores and magnetite quartzite lie before light-bearing ores, and zalizny ores, in which ores are tied with primed-crystalline and coloidal solutions. In cich ores, when refined, ore minerals are not exposed to mineral growth for other minerals and fine germination with non-difficult minerals. Vibration of methods of storage is based on the mineral storage and physical and mechanical power of ores, texture and structural features, as well as the nature of non-difficult minerals. The replacement of large-scale ores will be followed by magnetic, magnetic-gravitational and magnetic-flotation technological schemes, in order to ensure the removal of air-conditioned concentrates with a volume of up to ~ 70%. For the method of ore preparation and storages at the vyrobnitstvі razrіznyayut open-cut and blast-furnace ore. Prior to open-hearth ores, where it is without medium-rich fermentation for steel melting, to carry magnetite, martite, hematite and hydrohematite from a bulk of more than 57%, gray and no phosphorus, less than 0.15% lead (SiO2), silicon , tin, mish'yaku, nickel and chromium not more than 0.04% dermal, manganese less than 0.5% with open-hearth smelting and less than 2% with converter and electric arc. The zmіst of the great ore class with a size of shmatkіv from 10 to 250 mm, which is entangled in steel-making units, is guilty of not less than 70%. Before the blast-furnace ores, there are magnetites, martites and hematites with a volume of more than 50%, as well as hydrogematite and hydrogetite with a volume of more than 45%. Instead of serum and phosphorus, it is innocent to change 0.3% of the skin, midi - 0.2%, lead and zinc 0.1% of the skin, tin oxide - 0.08%, mis'yak - 0.07%. The zmіst of the great class of ore with a size of shmatkіv from 10 to 100 mm, which can be added to the domain pich, is not less than 70 - 75%. Drobnitsya (0 - 10 mm) and ore breasts with the addition of sirka (air conditioner) go to the agglomeration.
A great part of the zal_znyh ore vikoristovutsya for whiplash chavun. There is not a large number of stagnates due to natural farbi (vokhri) and bored clayey holes.
The main ore minerals: magnetite, martite, hematite, siderite, chlorite zalizist. Vmist zaliza in Z.R. - From 10 to 72%. Bidni ores (up to 46% of saline) can be used for storage. Medium brown houses Ni, Co, Mn, W, Mo, Cr, V and ін., Sered shkіdlivikh - S, P, Zn, Pb, As, Cu.
According to the genesis of Z.R. on
Falsely from the dominant mineral see the onset of industrial types of ores:
In addition, Z.R. pitched obrob:
by definition:
Great reserves of Z.R. є RF, Kazakhstan, Brazil (34 billion tons), Canada (26), Australia (21), USA (17), India (13), PAR (9), Switzerland (4.5) and France (4).
According to the forecasts of the Rimsky club (2000 r), the reserves of Z.R. will be victorious on Earth (in the earth's crust, nooklark) for the coming of 173 rock.
The ancestors of Z.R. of promiscuous value are tied with endogenous, exogenous and metamorphogenic serii.
Among them, there are magmatic, carbonate, skarn, volcanogenic hydrothermal, volcanogenic sediments, measles vivitryuvannya, sediments, metamorphogenic.
magmatic genera
Magmatichnі rodovischa predstavlenі tіtanomagentіtovіmi i іlmenіt-titanium magnetite very hard, SSMSC roztashovanі in Karelії (Pudozhgіrske) on Uralі (Kachkanarsky, Gusіvgіrske, Pervouralsk i іn.) Gіrskomu Altaї (Harlіvske) Shіdnih Sayan Lіsakіvske, Kruchіnіvske, Little Tagulskoye) in the US (Tegavus), Norway (Telnes), Sweden (Taberg). Together with the breeds є olivin, pyroxen, amphiboli, plugioclase, wines and іnshi. Lying of ancestors on the majestic squares at the viglyadі lakolіti.
genus carbonatites
Carbonatites of the genus Perovskii-titanomagnetite and apatite-magnetite deposits are dispersed in the ultrabasic luzhno-ultrabasic intrusions of the central type, such as on the Baltic Shield (Africanda, Kovdor), Siberian Platforms (Sulensky Platforms, Great PA, African ). Z.R. The soil is important in the central part of the intrusion due to the significant development of carbonatites in the place of apatite-forsterite, phlogopite-forsterite, apatite-calcite and calcite foundations on ultrabasic rocks. Zalіzorudnі tila in such masses is in the main apatite-Forster breed with strong disseminations, veins and veins of magnetite, irregular disseminations of pyrochlore and badeleite.
skarn genera
Skarn genera of skarn-magnetite pads are widely widened in the Urals (high-mountainous, Goroblagodatske and in.), In the Kostanay region of Kazakhstan (Sarbaisky, Sokolivske, Kacharsky and in.), Zakhidny Sibir(Tashtagolske, Abakanskoe, Teyskoe і in.), Caucasus (Dashkesanske), in the USA (Iron-Spring, Adirondak і in.), Central Europe(Rudny Gori), Italy, Bulgaria, Rumunia, Japan, China and other powers. The genera are tied from the pluggranity, the old basaltic magmas of the early stage of geosynclinal development. The main gold-ore mineral is magnetite, in the vicinity of the deposits - hematite at the glazed blister. Epidot, actinolite, garnet, pyroxenium, chlorite, zeolite, calcite, quartz take part in the storage of ore metasomatites.
Volcanogenic hydrothermal genera
Volcanogenic hydrothermal genera of paragenetic ties with ladders, located on the Siberian platform (Korshunivske, Rudnogirske, Neryundinske and Tagorske). The ore is represented by zones of dissemination in metasomatites, by veins and plateau-like deposits of metasomatic substitution of carbonate rocks. The role of screens in the setting of layer-like pads on the layers of argilites, fine-grained waps and traps of silt. Ore magnetite must be replaced by an isomorphic house with magnesium and transferred to a type of magnetite. One can see the stock, linseed, stratal and stovpodobny metasomatic ore tila and steeply dropping lived with magnetite.
Volcanogenic sieges of genera
Volcanogenic-besieged genera are represented by Zakhidnim Karazhal in Central Kazakhstan, Holzunskiy in Girskiy Altai, Tersin group in Kuznetskiy Altai, Lan and Dil in FRN, Mount Jebileg and Mesher Abdelazis in Algeria. Distributions in the synclinal zones of the evgeosinclinal formations. Ore layers and lines are deformed by folding and loose dislocations at once to be replaced by the other. Rudy is represented by hematite, earlier by magnetite and siderite. They have sulfide, chlorite, quartz and non-metallic minerals. Promislov, the significance of the ancestry of the group is small. Vivitryvannya genera are represented by goethite-hydrogetic (burozaliznyakov), martite-hydrogetic zones of oxidation of siderite genera and SCARN-magnetite ores, as well as ultrabasic rocks. The sanitation of oxidation zones is tied to the epochs of the old and modern vivitryuvannya. Z.R. The houses are made of chrome, nickel and cobalt, and to lay down to the natural setting. Hard at such ores predstavlenі Elіzavetskіm i Serovskіm on Pіvnіchnomu Uralі, Akkermansky, New Kiyivs'ka, New Petropavlіvskim i іnshimi rodovischami on Pіvdennomu Uralі, Malkіnskіm on Pіvnіchnomu Kavkazі and takozh i ekvatorіalnih areas - on Kubі, Gavayskih Islands, Gvіneї, Fіlіppіnah, Gvіanі і Surіnamі.
Siege of sea clans
Sediated marine genera in viglyadi siderites (in the zone of oxidized burozaliznyakov) of layer pads in marine terigenic-carbonate deposits in the ancient school of the Ancient Urals in the ancient core of the Hercynian antiquity. The stench will fill the Proterozoic shale-carbonate deposits. The most important of them are Bakalskaya, as well as other genera in the Komarovo-Zigzaginsky and Katav-Ivanivsky districts. The Bakal group has collected 200 ore tons at the sight of bedrock, linseed and nesting loads and ore is alive. Geosinklinal marine hematite genera in terigenic-carbonate deposits in the Angara-Pitsky gold ore basin, in the USA (Clinton in Appalachiv), Afritsa (Bafing-Bakaysky basin in Maliv).
Platforms of sea genera
Platforms of the marine genera of siderite-leptu-chlorite-hydrogematite bean-oolite ores in other carbonate-terigenic ores in Significantly rozvinenі stench і in China.
Siege of continental genera
Sediments of the continental genera of hydrogetic legume-oolite lacustrine-boggy deposits are represented great number other deposits in the Tula and Lipetsk regions, in the upper regions of Vyatka, Kama, Sisola; in the private part of the Russian platforms. Rudi is characterized by a low salinity (30 ... 35%). Lay the bridles of the paleorichok channels for dozens of kilometers long, represented by the main channel outlets - linseed, oval and wrongly shaped, by means of loads, like super watering. The current genera of such formations have lost their promises.
metamorphogenic genera
Metamorphogenic genera include deposits of gold quartzites and rich metamorphic ores of ancient formations. Zalizisty quartzites are attached only to the Precambrian folding regions. Їx genera lie in the metamorphic sedimentary complexes of geosynclinals of crystalline shields, fold foundations in ancient platforms, in the cores of anticlinores of young fold regions. Provinces є overwhelmingly maritime chemogenic litter and deliver clearly from the middle of the middle and volcanic-sedimentary complexes.
For vyrobnitstva chavun vikoristovuyut zaliznі ore with vimіznі ore more than 50%, as well as small houses: sirki - not more than 0.3%; phosphorus - less than 0.2%; zinc, lead, mish'yaku and mіdі - less than 0.1% skin. For vivedennya shkіdlivih houses when floating metal vikoristovuyut fluxes vapnyaki. At the same rate of basicity of the blast-furnace charge, the fault is close to more than 1, and the silicon module is more than 1.8 ...
In Ukraїnі, yak zaymaє odne of provіdnih mіsts in svіtі for stock i vidobutku ZR, stink zoseredzhenі in Krivorіzkomu that Kerchenskіy zalіzorudnih pools, Krivorіzko-Kremenchutskoї, Bіlozerska-Orіhіvsky, Odeska-Bіlotserkіvskoї metallogenіcheskih areas Priazovskіy that Pridnіprovskіy metallogenіcheskih areas (sumarno developed reserves are 40.1 billion tons, forecast - 30.4 billion tons, potential - 133.5 billion tons). From 73 kinds of genera in the end of the XX century. use 23.
Svitovy view of the fallen ore in 2001, clavs 931 million tons. Nybilshi producers: Brazil, Australia, China, Russia, India, Ukraine. Svitovi streams of import-export of avalanche ores on the ear of the XXI century are at the level of 475 million tons.
IRON ORE SERIES
IRON ORE Ryadov - zalizna ore, not prepared for singing coarseness until ferrous ore at metallurgical processing. Protilezhne - zalizna ore is sorted. Yes
IRON ORE Sortuvannya
IRON ORE Sortuvannya - zalizna ore, prepared for singing coarseness to vicorian ore at metallurgical processing. Protilezhne - zalizna ryadova ore.

zaliznі ore


Zalizo enter into a large or small number of up to the warehouse of all both siege and siege girskikh breeds Allegedly, under the name Zh. Ores, there was such a purchase of salty spoluks, which were found in great sizes and from a vigodu in an economically viable option, metal gold came. Zh. Ore is less likely to be found in the contiguous open spaces and only in various places. Behind a chemistry warehouse, iron ore is an oxide, a hydrate of oxides and carbon dioxide salts, and ferrous minerals, which are developed in nature in a variety of different types of ore mines, from some blisters: zaliznyak (div.), to which bogs and ore lakes, nareshty, spaty zaliznyak in the yogo type of spherosiderit (div.) are introduced. The extravagantly skinned collection of the names of ore minerals represents a sum of rykh, some of them, with some minerals, but not to sweep the gall, like, for example, with clay, but rather to go to the storage parts of the spoiled crystal. Sometimes, in one and the same family, there are children who are mentally minded, who want in a large number of families who are not alone, but they are genetically linked to him.

Magnetic zaliznyak is the source of the oxide and the oxide of zaliz for the formula Fe 2O4, in the pure view to take 72.4% of the zaliznya, I want to be pure, the base ore grows in the brink, may be used everywhere to come. lead blisk, zinc blende, as well as warehouses of parts of the kind, super-fueled magnetic zaliznyak in yogo genera: polovy spar, hornblende, chlorite, etc. Magnetic zaliznyak is one of the smallest and most blooming iron ores; Develop in layers, veins and nests in the gneisses and crystalline schists of the Archean group, and also set up one cycle of fire in the area of ​​development of massive upheavals of the archean rocks. Zalizniy blisk - anhydrous oxide Fe 2O3, є in viglyadі ore as an aggregate of crystalline grains to mineral of the same іmenі; to avenge up to 70% of the metal and fix the suction layer and load in the crystalline slates and gneisses; one of the best iron ores in terms of purity. Oxidized zaliza shchilny, columnar, lusky or earthy budov and wear the name of red zaliznyak and also in bagatokh micevosity serve as a dzherel vidobutku zaliznya. From im'yam buriks of iron ore to collect supervisedly for Budova iron ore, in warehouses for transferring water oxide

2Fe 2 O 3 + 3H 2 O,

which is 59.89% of the metal deposit. Pure storms zaliznyaks live in the significant number of small houses, often shkidlivi, such as, for example, phosphorus, manganese, sirku. The genera of brown zaliznyaku velmi bagato, ale ridko reach significant razmіrіv... As a product of the growth of the largest gold ores, brown gold ores grow in a large number of species of iron ores. Before we drill Zheleznyak, behind the chemical warehouse, there are swampy and lacustrine ores, which are often chemically, partially mechanical sieges of water oxide and silicic acid sour saline, sand and clay from large peas, crusty masses, and Revenge 35-45% of the deposit. Buri zaliznyaks, due to their lightness and fusibility, served as the subject of distribution for the few hours they found, but it is more difficult to get rid of them because of their extremely low quality. Spatula zaliznyak and yogo type spherosiderit - behind the warehouse of carbon dioxide, oxydated zaliz (49% of the metal zaliza), grow in the gneisses and piles in gneisses, crystalline shales, blanches, which often lead to the production of new sediments. It is very important to grow up in nature in the dense confusion of clay, marl, in the loamy speech, in the kind of stench that looks like argillaceous, marly and loamy spheres. Such ores are found near the layers, nests or piles in sedimentary rocks of the greenhouse and if they do not take revenge on the lumpy houses (phosphate rock, pyrite), then they represent the price of the ore. Nareshty, the widening of the brown ochrism clay with small pieces of so much gold, you can use iron ores and carry the names of clay iron ores - worms, which can be found in them near the beetle, anhydrous brown oxide ... Rashta of ore minerals, in some form of purchase, such as, for example, native gold and pyrite (FeS2), can not be called iron ores, first - for its small widening, and others - for the difficulty of packing in

Ways and an hour of walking around Zh. Ores superbly and responsibly. Some of the ore minerals, yak, for example, magnetic zaliznyak, and, perhaps, a small amount of blisk, are especially abundant in gneisses and crystalline shales of the Archean group, which is the result of all primary solidity earth measles... Prior to the primary minerals, without the middle, they crystallized from the melted mass, the magnetic gold was introduced, the grains and crystals which were developed in a must without a hint of the verdant mountain rocks from the found base older granite rocks. Yak bezposerednі produkti Pervin sharіv zemnoї measles - gneiss i kristalіchnі slantsі so i viverzhennya vulkanіv gіrskі breed, scho ukladayut, krіm Rudnev bagato іnshih mіneralіv in bіlsh-Mensch znachnіy kіlkostі mіstyat zalіzo, served materіalom, of yakogo at podalshіy hіmіchnіy i mehanіchnіy pererobtsі Secondary purchases of iron ores are found in nature, then there are trials and empty rocks in large rocks, then there are large and tight layers in the midst of siege settlements, then there are wrong nests and deposits of metamorphic ore houses, The establishment of such secondary genera is the result of change and destruction of more ancient generations of atmospheric agents, and the leading rank in the range of terrestrial and subterranean waters and water sources, is to go to reach the earth, to live to set in front of our eyes in the middle of Russia, swamps and lakes of Zh. ore. Protect the majority of iron ores from the middle of the most ancient geological statements of the Paleozoic and especially the Archean groups, in which metamorphic activity was manifested especially energetically, in many cases of special minds. Vselyakoi i forma zalyagannya Zh. Ore. Smells є like in siege, so and in overburden rocks, then in viglyadi is alive, phenocrysts, nests or stocks, plates, pads, surface masses, then in viglyadi roscipes and fluffy mechanical debris. Behind the minds of the zalyagannya, the mineral warehouse, and in most cases one of the most beautiful signs ore genera(Groddek) the development of such basic types of genera of iron ores, which are repeated with insignificant indications for everything earthly cool:

sharuvati ancestry

1) Layers of felted and clayey iron ore, which can be used for all geological applications, which can be used to replace scum. For a minerological warehouse of ore type, there is a spherical spherical dermis, a later thin-grain felted spatula, with clay and coal-leaved speech. Generos of this type are important in Bohemia, Westphalia, Saxony, Silesia, and are also found in England, France and Bohemia.

2) A layer of either a layer of brown or red iron ore, often rich with scum of iron ore, is stored in a thin or earthy, pure or clayey, calcareous or silty, brown or red gold, even often oolite buds. The genera of a certain type should be put up to the rank of metamorphic ones, in part, due to the sharp nature and presence of the scum, to be secured until the right to siege formations. The ore type is especially widened in Pivnichniy America, Bohemia and in the Harz.

3) Put a spatula zaliznyak in a ring with vapnyaks. Sparious zaliznyak crystalline and take place in one place at the house of sirchist ore: spaty and pyrite, lead, blisk, cobalt and nickel ores. The most common type of genera is found in crystalline shales and strata of the Silurian system of the Carinthian, Styrian and Western Alps.

4) Salty-micaceous shale - crystalline shale, which is to replace the grain of mica (a type of gallant blister) and the middle of the crystalline slate of the archaeological group of Brazilian , magnetic zaliznyak, gold mica and grains of quartz. The layers of іtabіrіt, at the same time with the catavbіrіt, which represent the sum of talcum with the magnetic gold, often set up the essential ore mass and take gold and diamonds from the view of the house.

5) Put the succinic magnetic zaliznyak (franklinita), zalizny blisky and schilny worm zaliznyak in crystalline slates. Zh. Ore is found in the summit with spar, pomegranate, hornblende, augite and other minerals; Velmi often take revenge on the house of pyrite. So it is itself that the lavishness of the great blisky on the Elba Islands is magnificent, between Talkov's slates and vapnyaks of the Archean group, which can be broken up by stretching out the table; Lay the golden blisc, how to pass into the golden chervony zaliznyak, in the mica shales of S'orri-Moreny in Spain, as well as the ancestors of Bukovina, Silezia and Saxony. In Sweden, Norway and Finland, the majestic stock-like pile of magnets in the middle of the gneiss is crushed to special extended ones, such, for example, the famous genera of Dannemora and Gellivari in Sweden and Arendal. In the gneisses and crystal slates of Pivnichnaya America, the genus of the genus type can reach the Veletensky regions in the outskirts of Lake Verkhniy, de chervoni zaliznyaks set up a series of mountains, such as, for example, the valleys of the Smygam mountains. Massive genera.

6) The inclusion of magnetic zaliznyaku, often titanic, is even more infrequent in ugly rocks, and in some cases they set up real values ​​of the purchase, so they build up famous technical goodies, for example

7) The inclusion of a zlizny blisk in massive rocks - with one butt to serve Iron Monte in Pivnichniy America, a de core breed, porphyry-like molfar, perechikated by strained veins of zalizny blisk.

Viconation of emptiness.

8) Chervoniy zaliznyak at the sight of the worm's head, the worms in the wines and salty sour cream, in the sum of quartz, in the coal and in the crumbs, in the veins, which linger over the sludge , on the cordons of granites and porphyries with crystalline shales in Saxony and in in. miscellaneous.

9) Storms and chervoniy zaliznyaks, a great change with quartz and vapnyany or important spar, which passes by veins in sedimentary rocks of the ancient geological systems, often occurs in the Silurian, Devonian, three-walled

10) Sparious zaliznyak in sutsilny viglyadі or in the sum of quartz and sparry spar to grow up to reach a little, and with the classic butt of generic type, you can serve the ancestry of Stahlberg, the middle Devonian appointees, the Western sparry spar m of goods.

11) Lived a magnetic zaliznyak and zalizny bliska in crystalline slates of Rio-Albano and Terra-Nera.

12) Burial zaliznyaks, which often take revenge on manganese, are often formed as a display of voids or pseudomorphic illumination of vapnyak; krim Nimechchini, supervisedly widened in our middle Russia.

13) Bobovi ore - the purchase of swampy clayey zaliznyak, yak let it go, drop the mineral dzherel, trap podkudi in the jurski pads Western Europe... We have їм chastkovo increase the size of the happy education on the bottom of the swamp and lakes, on the bottom of the swamp and lacustrine iron ores.

Ulamkovi family.

14) Stormy valleys in the middle of empty ulamics and concretes in clays and Rukhlyak are often found in layers of new geological systems, but behind their own sizes, they are rather technical.

15) Breccias, or conglomerations of magnetic or chervony zaliznyaku with effervescent clayey or schilnim balozisty cement, are formed only in the closest matter with the genera of other types, as a product of the genus ruins. In Brazil, in the province of Minas Geraes, over the іtabіrіt and crystalline slates, there is often a particular surface of the establishment, from 1 to 4 m, called tapanhoakanga and stored from the great unbroken halls of the burgeoning іtakolumіta and іnhіh sorts, tied with cement, to the storehouse, which includes chervonia and buria zaliznyak, chervona and borah zalizna ocher.

16) Nareshtі, in the form of and puffy growth of Zh. Ore, more often than the titanic magnetic zaliznyaku, on the Uzbek banks of the bagatokh rychok, lakes and seas, ale of stench, can easily reach significant industrial development and is not significant.

In European Russia, ore is significantly widened in the Urals, in the central and Olonets province, Finland and Privislyansky provinces. Significant genera of Zh. Ores are also found in Altai, in the Sayan Mountains and in Skhidny Siberia, and even nowadays they are still lacking. In the Urals, on a skid ridge ridge, a number of genera of the magnetic zaliznyak, from which to cich pyr, they grow apart from deyaki, to be found in conjunction with the orthoclase rocks (syenitam and porphyry) that are developed here. The genera of gir Blagodati, Visokoi and Magnitnoyu (Ula-UTAS-Tau), by the great reserve of ores, occupy a prominent place on the whole earth. Mountain Grace (div.), Naybilsh pivnichne from the name of the ancestors, is located in the middle Urals, close to the Kushvinsky plant. On the first day in front of the front, close to the Nizhnyo-Tagil plant, there is іnsha Zh. Mountain Uralu - Visoka. The head load of a magnetic zaliznyak, near the giant stock, is located on the ancient skyla of the mountains in the middle of the orthoclase rocks blasted in the storm. Rodovische pratsyuєtsya close to 150 years in an open spread. Ore, which is even of a higher quality, is stored from a magnetic zaliznyak, often turns into a prickly-crystalline zalizny blisk (martite), even 63-69% of a metal zaliz, and a little bit to sweep a small house middle ores... Not less significant ore reserves are laid out on the most pivdennaya Magnitnaya Gora in the Urals (in the Verkhnyouralsk poviti), which has the same character as the description of the history; to this day, the age of the ancestor, how to be in a lifeless world, little degradation. Chervoniy zaliznyak grows in the Urals in small masses, lodging for brown zaliznyak. The remaining hour of the visit, apparently, signifies the ancestry of the ore in the western school of the Pivnichny Urals, not far from the Kutimsky plant, since it is also recently found in the Urals, the ancestor of the golden blanches in the crystals. Navpaks, a kind of Buri iron ore, some of the most significant ones, can be found in the Urals up to 3000, but they lie down to the most popular types and cover with layers, nests, loads of yaks in massive, so in the sharwvate breeds that have found earlier. In the Pivdenniy Russia, the most significant genera of Zh. Ores in the outskirts of Kryvyi Rih, in the cordon of Katerynoslav and Kherson provinces, a number of layers of red gold, and a great glory of the middle of the crystalline zaliznyak. At the Donetsk Ridge, according to the tradition of the ancestors kam'yanogo vugillya There is a number of layers of brown iron ore, which turn into spar, in the middle of the siege rocks of the Kam'yanovugin system. For development in one area of ​​Vijska Donskoy, on a glybin of not more than 60 m, there are up to 23 milliard pounds of ore, which can be up to 10 milliard pounds for a chavun. In Central Russia - the Moscow basin - Zh. Ore, but also the ore and clayey spheres, have been seen for a long time and in the bagatel objects and serve as the subject of energy exploitation. All ores are tightly tied with vapnyak, dolomite and ruhlyak of the Devonian, Kamyanovugin and Permian systems, and the development of new sizes of nests and strata-like loads, so that they have been installed in the middle of the day. The primary ore is to blame for the spheres of life, with which paths of vivitryuvannya the storms of zaliznyak have come. At the winter of Russia and in Finland, the number of people lived and paid for the magnetic zaliznyak and the great blisk of the middle generations and crystalline shales of the Archean group, in Finland services were the subject of exploitation. As for the Olonets and Novgorod provinces, then here the subject of distribution is to serve as a whole bog and ore lakes, I want to take revenge on richly awkward houses, or, in terms of handiness, the look and feel of the crumbs are more economical. The reserves of lacustrine ores are laid down, which in the factories of the Olonets district in 1891, the vouchers of cich ores reached 535,000 poods, from which 189500 poods were melted in chavun. Nareshti, in Privislyanskiy krai, in ancient parts of the country, є the number of genera of brown iron ore and spherosiderites

Rodovischa Zh. R. for walking, they are divided into 3 groups - endogenous, exogenous and metamorphogenic. Among endogenous growths: magmatic - dyke-like, irregular and stratus-like layers of titanomagnetites, tied with gabro-pyroxenite rocks (Kusinskoe and Kachkanarskoe ancestors in the Urals in the SRSR, the place of origin of the Bushvinsky apіla complex in the Bushvian region 'Yazani s sienitami і sienіtdіorіtamі (Lebyazhinsky in the Urals in the USSR, Kiruna and Ellivars in Switzerland); contact-metasomatic, or skarniv, appear on contacts or near intrusive arrays; for high-temperature breakdowns to replace carbonate and inn. breeds are transformed into skarny, as well as pyroxen-albite and scapolytic breeds, which are born in folds due to the shape of deposition of suction and disseminated magnetite ores (in SRSR - Sokolivske, Sarbayskoye in Kazakhstan in Girskiy Shore; Iron-Springs in the USA and in.); hydrothermal approve of the fate of hot mineralized solutions, by way of J. p. along the troughs and zones of growth, as well as in the case of metasomatic substitution of common species; the Korshunov and Rudnogorsk magnomagnetite genera of the Skhidny Siberia, the hydroheteite-child Abailian in the Middle Asia, the Siberian genera of Bilbao in Spain and the other.

To exogenous genera are: siege - chemical and mechanical fall off the sea and lake basins, growing in the valleys and deltas of the rivers, which are found in the mussel waters of the land with the products of the formation of store layers abo linzi of siege rocks, inodi - volcanogenic-siege rocks; to the tsi type, there are genera of brown iron ores, partly siderites, silikatny ores (in the SRSR - Kerch in Krima, Ayatskoe - Kazakh RSR; in the FRN - Lan-Dil i іn.); measles genera vivitryuvannya are established as a result of vivitryuvannya girskih breeds from zalizmіsnyh breed-forming minerals; razrіznyayut surplus, or eluvial, generic, if the products are vivitryuvannya, zagachenі zalizom (inn. warehouse parts), Lying on the place (tila rich hematite-Martite ores of Kryvyi Rih, the Curonian magnetic anomaly, the area of ​​Lake Verkhniy in the USA and in.), in the Urals and in.).

Metamorphogenic (metamorphosed) ancestry - reincarnation in the minds of the high vices and temperatures of the colishn, importantly sieges, the ancestors. Hydroxyhydroxides and bonds transform at all times into hematite and magnetite. Metamorphic processes inodi add hydrothermal-metasomatic light to magnetite ores. The genera of gold quartzites in Kryvyi Rih, Kursk Magnetic Anomaly, the Kola Peninsula genus, Khamersli gold province (Australia), Labrador Pyvostrova (Canada), State of Myas-Brazil (Canada), State of Myas-Brazil

Basic promises of J. p. classified according to the cross-over ore mineral. Buri zaliznyaki. Ore minerals are represented by hydroxides, most of them are hydroxide. Such ores are found in the siege ancestors and the ancestors of measles vivitryuvannya. Dodavannya shilne or fluff; Sedimentation of ores often has oolite texture. Fe change is from 55 to 30% and less. Call me vimagayut zbagachennya. T. n. self-melting borers zaliznyaki, in some

close to one, go into the melt with Fe reduction up to 30% (Lorraine). Buri zaliznyakhs of deyaky ancestry have up to 1-1.5% and more Mn (Bilbao in Spain, Bakalskoe in SRSR). The most important value is complex chromium-nickel buria zaliznyaki; with the presence of 32-48% Fe, it is not easy to find in them also up to 1% Ni, up to 2% Cr, hundreds of parts of high grade Z, inodi V. Chromium-nickel chavuni and low-alloy steel can be melted without additives. Chervonі zaliznyak і, or hematite ores. The main ore mineral is hematite. It is represented by the head rank in the cortex of the vivitryuvannya (oxidized zone) of the golden quartzite and skarn magnetite ores. Such ores are often called martites (martite is a pseudomorphism of hematite after magnetite). The middle bulk of Fe is 51 to 60%, in some cases, with insignificant houses of S and P. In the genus of hematite ores with the presence of up to 15-18% Mn. Mensh rozvineni hydrothermal genera of hematite ores. Magnetic zaliznyaks, or magnetite ores. Ore mineral - magnetite (inodi magnesian), not rarely martinized. Naybіlsh is characteristic for genera of the contact-metasomatic type, tied with vapnyam and magnesial apatite. The order of large-scale massive ores (50-60% Fe) is broadened in disseminated ore, which should be less than 50% Fe. In the presence of ore genera with the presence of valuable houses, zokrem Z, Mn. Shkіdlivі houses - sulphіdna sіrka, P, inodі Zn, As. A special type of magnetite ores are titanomagnetite ores, and complex zalizo-titanium-vanadium ores. more important promise value bloom disseminated titanomagnetite ore, but є along the day with the main intrusive rocks with the expansion of the rock-forming titanomagnetite. They have a presence of 16-18% Fe, and the ale stench is easy to pick up with a magnetic separation (Kachkanar clan in the Urals and in.). Siderite ores (Spatovy zaliznyak) are subdivided into crystalline ciderite ores and clayey Spatovy zaliznyak. Average bmist Fe 30-35%. In vipalu, as a result of the visible CO2, the green ores are transformed into the industrial value of fine porous zalizo-oxide (change to 1-2% Mn, sometimes up to 10%). In the zone of oxidized sedimentary ore, it is transformed into storms. Silikatnі zalіznі ore. Ore minerals in them are chlorites, which lead to hydroxides and siderite (Fe 25-40%). House S is insignificant, P is up to 0.9-1%. Silikatnі ores are stored in layers and linzi in fluffy sedimentary rocks. Often oolite texture. At the core, vivitryuvannya is transformed into storms, partly chervonya zaliznyaks. Zalizist_ quartzite (jaspіlіty, zalizistі hornіvki) - bіdnі і middle (12-36% Fe) Precambrian metamorphosed iron ore, Folded with thin quartz, magnetite, hematite, magnetite-hematite silks Gold quartzites have few houses S, R. Їх zbagachennya, especially magnetite growths, and even a profitable concentrate from 62-68% Fe. In the bark of vivitryvannya, quartz from gold quartzites is grape, and there is a great load of rich hematite-Martite ores.

The part of Zh. R. Is great. vikoristovuyutsya for high-temperature melting of chavuns, steels, as well as ferroalloys. In albeit small quantities, serve as natural farbs (ocher) and weighting agents for drilling clay rods. Vimogi promislovostі to the quality and power of Zh. R. riznomanitnі. So, for the whipping of the deyaky livarny chavuns, Zh. R. from the great house P (up to 0.3-0.4%). For the smelting of open-hearth chavuns (the main product of blast-furnace brewing), when melting on coke, Zmist S in ore, which is introduced into the blast furnace, is not guilty of changing 0.15%. For virobnitstva chavuns, how to go to the open-hearth parcel in a sour way, Zh. guilty but especially low-purity and low-phosphorus; for the main method in open-hearth furnaces, it is allowed to move more than a house in ore R, rather than 1.0-1.5% (in the presence of Fe). Thomas' chavuni to melt from phosphorous J. p. with an extended amount of Fe. When viplavtsі chavunіv be-like type instead of Zn in Zh. R. not guilty of perevischuvati 0.05%. The ore, which is victorious in the blast-furnace without a forehand, is guilty of being mechanically finished with it. T. n. open-hearth ores, which are introduced into the charge, are lumpy and high in Fe when there are S and P. houses. Magnetite ores with a volume of up to 0.3-0.5% Cu can be used to cure steels with an increased resistance to corrosion.

In the light vidobutku і reprobts Zh. R. In other industrial types, there is clearly a tendency for a significant increase in the type of ore, especially ores, especially magnetite hard quartzites, in the smallest world, interspersed with titanium-magnetite ores. The profitability of the collection of such ores is attainable by the great scale of the mining-and-catching enterprises, the sophisticated technology of bagging and agglomeration of the accumulated concentrates, and the wintering of the so-called N. okatishiv. At the same time, the relevance of the development of the resources of Zh. R.

Zalizna ore is a minimally approved natural character, as it can be accumulated in its warehouse in such a way that it is sufficient for an economically viable business. Nicely, zalizo є in the warehouses of all girskikh breeds. Ale zaliznyi ores are called the same zalizisty z'udnannya, such as those that are rich in speech, which allow the industrial version of the metal zaliza.

Types of hard ores and their main characteristics

All gold ores are strongly associated with their own mineral warehouse, in the presence of high-quality and brown houses. With the minds of their minds, nareshty, instead of the gulp.


The main materials, which can be delivered to the mines, can be distributed into several groups:

  • Oxide solids, including hematite, martite, magnetite.
  • Hydroxydaliza - hydrogetite and goethite;
  • Silikati - tyurigit and chamosite;
  • Carbonate - siderite and siderite.

The promislovi avalanche ores Zalizo to take place in higher concentrations - from 16 to 72%. Before the brown houses, which can be found in the open ores, include: Mn, Ni, Co, Mo, etc. Є th shkіdlivі houses, up to which you can bring: Zn, S, Pb, Cu і ін.

Generic ores and technology of vidobutku


According to the genesis of the most common types of hard ores, they are subdivided into:

  • Endogenous. The stench may be magmatic, which is an impregnation of titanomagnetite ores. There can also be buty carbonate impregnations. In addition, there is a galaxy, sheet-like skarn-magnetite deposits, volcano-siege beds, hydrothermal veins, and also incorrectly formed ore deposits.
  • Exogenous. Prior to them, in the main, there are brown iron ores and siege sieges of strata of genera, as well as genera of Türlingite, Shamozite and Hydrogetic ores.
  • Metamorphogenic - the chain of genera of gold quartzites.


The maximum amount of ore production is generated by significant reserves and falls on the Precambrian deposits of quartzite. Less widespread siege of brown iron ores.

When vodobutku razrіznyayut bagati, and require the recovery of ore. Galuz, where there is a vid of gold ore, carry out the same processing in front of the front: sorting, crushing and cleaning, as well as agglomeration. The promiscuity of the type of ore is changing gold ore galuzzi and a syruvny base for black metallurgy.

galuzi zasosuvannya


Zalizna ore is the main syruvinoy for rejecting the chavun. It’s possible to go to the open market or to the converter, as well as to update the account. From zaliza, like vidomo, vyroblyayut the most popular products, like vіm, and from chavun. For cich materials, you will need the following galusi:

  • Machinery and metal processing;
  • Automotive industry;
  • Missile Promise;
  • Vіyskova promislovist;
  • Kharchova is that easy prominence;
  • Budivelna galuz;
  • View of oil and gas and transport.
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