Jean Paul Marat: a crooked doctor. Jean Paul Marat: a short biography about Jean Paul Marat
Journalist and deputy to the Convention Jean-Paul Marat became one of the best and most charismatic figures of the Great French Revolution. Yogo newspaper "Friend to the people" has been able to find the best news of their epoch. Marat, without hesitation, will be happy to live and make money on his own. Burkhliva epoch poured a seeming publisher - Vin Buv was stabbed to death by the fanatical henchman of the warrior party.
Kar'ara likarya
Maybout revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat was born on May 24, 1743 in the Swiss town of Boudry. Yogo dad will be seen as a likarem, which marked the maybutnyu kar'єr of the boy. Jean Paul finished early, having lost his fathers, and from his youth, he had to lead an independent life. Winning a little bit of money and earning money.
Ten Rocks Jean-Paul Marat rose up between Holland and England. Win Buv is a practical doctor and publisher. In 1775 he became a doctor of medicine at the Edinburz University. In addition, Marat, stretching out eight rockets, made a likarem at the court of Count d'Artois - the Maybut king of France Charles X.
Ear of publicity
Up to 30 years, the writer began to see him on the philosophical ground and even openly polemicized with Voltaire. Win published not only science stories about physiology and medicine, but thirsty for huge topics. In 1774, Marat wrote "Lantsyugi of slavery" - one of the most popular and most popular brochures right now. The scribe reads in the spirit of the hour - in Zakhidniy Europe, And especially in France, an anti-monarchy mood has grown. At the end of the day, the publisher, with his thick proclamations, has once in a while spent the nerve of the suspension in ailments and steadily becoming more and more at home.
Jean-Paul Marat has established himself as an important critic of absolutism. Citizens of the European regimes of wines inviting despotic ones and galvanizing the development of the society. Marat did not just bark at the monarchy, but looked in detail at the historical Evolution of absolutism and its forms. The "Lantsyugakh of slavery" has in the capacity of an alternative to the old regime, having introduced a new construction of the suspension with reasonable economic and political rights. The yogo idea of Egyptianism fell into the pro- tectual extensions of that of Ethiopianism.
Critic of the old order
Behind his glances, Jean-Paul Marat Bagatma viznavavsya vіrny hitchhiker Rousseau. At the same hour, they began to develop the deeds of the ideas of their reader. Remembering the moment in the artist's work was occupied by the lingering struggle between the old feudal nobility and the bourgeoisie, which was the henchman of liberal ideas. By the way, the importance of this supernatural is that Marat was drunk, but I am more serious about the calmness in Europe, which is the antagonism between the people who are both large and small. Itself in social irregularities, the writer bachiv the cause of the growing crisis.
Marat became the last owner of interest in life, peasantry and robots. For the very reason of this figure, it became the cult floor of the middle of the parties. Through a richly rocky revolution, the revolutionary will come to the CPSR - they call them streets, and their biography will become the subject of free monographs.
"Friend to the people"
In 1789, since France was revered by the revolution, Marat took up the publication of the government newspaper "Friend to the People". A publicist, who had previously been popular, and in the turbulent days of huge activity, he became a figurine on a truly grand scale. Marat himself became a “friend to the people”. In his own newspaper, he criticized whether he was in power for his mercy and mischief. Vidannya steadily passed over to the sovereign press. Ale every time, if she came to the court on the right, Marat (one editor) was thrust into the air with a dry sound. Yogo newspaper cried out for the crazy popularity of the middle of the robots and other bourgeoisie of Paris.
From the vision, however, the monarchy went from the royal homeland, and all the ministers from the members of the National Zborivs. "Friend to the people" became one of the most important reasons for the widespread expansion of radical revolutionary attitudes in the French capital. The newspaper was very popular, but there was a breakdown of the news, as it was magical to sprinkle it, or because of the speed of respectful publication.
Emigration and turn to Batkivshchyna
All about the skin month of active journalism great number nedobrozichlivtsiv having acquired Jean Paul Marat. A short biography of the revolutionist є the butt is constantly growing and the people are safe. Wine is unique not only representatives of the government, but also of the big fanatics, who made a swing at their life. At the end of the revolution, before 1791 fate, Marat navit emigruvav to England.
However, in London, the journalist bulo quietly - the sound of bootie is in the thick of the pod. The popular publicist has turned to Paris for a short time of the day. Ishov a quarter of 1792 to rock. Wandering was trivial, albeit for the rocky rock of the civilian past, the serpent couldn’t be able to polish the camp of the people who were not satisfied with the vernacular.
Evolution of glances
Bagato, the participants in the Great French Revolution, constantly changed their eyes. Not by vignette і Jean Paul Marat. short characteristic Evolution yogo perekonan taka. At the first stage of the revolution, Marat stood up for the protection of the monarchy in the contiguous vigilance and organization of the National Zborivs. Moreover, it was contemptuously put to the idea of the republican harmony. At the linden of 1791, the king tried the big thing, resigned the church, and one of the demonstrations was fired. Pislya tsyogo epizodu editor of "Druha Narodu" came to the clerk of the Bourbon family.
If Ludovic had made a decision for Chergov after trying to get from the country, Marat became against the masters of the monarch without a trial and without trial. Volodar was mindful of thinking about the need for legal formalities when assessing the guilt of the king. Marat zmіg wedged in on the Convention and і zmusiti yogo to put food about punishment on alternate voices. 387 out of 721 deputies stood for the stratum of Louis.
Fighting the Girondins
At the moment of your existence, the Convention will appear by demanding such bright orators like Jean-Paul Marat. Photos in the majority of the time have not been built, but only one picture and a newspaper virіzki demonstrating in a visual way how we won’t mind a respectful publication. By demonstrating the charisma of politics by demonstrating the greatest variety. In the midst of all revolutionary parties, Marat Vibrav and went to the Montagnards, from which and went to the Convention. Opponents of the Girondins have yielded to the journalist of contemporary criticism.
On the paths of Marat, go in the distance to hand over to the court for being lied to about those who have become the inmate of the counter-revolution by the Convention. However, the deputy zmіg vikoristovuvati public process as a tribune and innocence. The Girondins were honored that the star of Marat had an axle-axle left behind. However, in 1793, sent to the court, that, navpaki, with a triumph turned into the Convention. Unsinkable and omnipresent for his fellows, Bouv Jean Paul Marat. Briefly, it seems that death is not immediate;
leader jakobintsiv
At the heart of 1793, the deputies of the Convention were elected to the Congress of the Parisians. For a day, Vlada went to the Jacobins, or, more precisely, to the three leaders - Danton, Marat and Robespierre. The stinks have persecuted the political club, which has transformed its radical subservience to the evil of the old feudal and monarchical harmony.
Yakobintsi bully the henchmen of the terror, as the stench was respected as necessary for the achievement of their political goals. In Paris, the stench also boils like "Friendship of Friends of the Constitution". At the peak of its popularity, the Jacobins' broach included up to 500 thousand clerks throughout France. Marat was not the master of the whole ruch, protest, having come to the new one, quickly becoming one of the first leaders.
driving
After a triumphant change over the Girondins, Marat was greatly weakened in health. Yogo, having struck a grave malady. Liks did not help, і, if I wanted to weaken my fellow citizens, the journalist took a bath all the time. In such a position, it was not just writing, but it wasn’t possible to accept the winners.
Itself in such circumstances Charlotte Corday came to Marat on the 13th of 1793. Sorry for my sacrifice, she was a fierce henchman of the Girondins. The woman stabbed the weakened and reckless revolutionary. Bath, de bouvie of Jean-Paul Marat's murders, depicting Jacques Louis David on his famous painting (his painting "Death of Marat" became one of the best from the house of creation mystery, dedicated to this tumultuous era). A collection of this journalist was honored in the Pantheon. In 1795, the house was moved to the storehouse in 1795. So chi inakche, ale vvivstvo Jean Paul Marat became one of the most important in the entire Great French Revolution.
Jean-Paul Marat - one of the most beautiful articles of the French Revolution, 1789-1799 rr. Born in 1743 on 24 May in Switzerland. Zaginuv at Franzia 13 linden 1793 rock. Professional busyness: licar - publisher - political child.
At 16 years in Paris, Marat began to start up to the initiation of natural sciences and philosophy. In 1765, I continued my education at the Edinburz University, and in 1775 - I’d rejected the steps of a doctor of medicine. When we turn to Paris, we will see the middle of the court nobility as a likarem. The Crime of Likarskoy Practice scientific advances the nature of fire, light, electricity, and for the first time in the history of medicine, the use of an electrical discharge is used.
With the ear of revolution, Marat sold medicine and an organizing newspaper under the name "Friend to the People". As for me, I’m guilty of writing down my own statistics, so that I can call the Girondins in the midst of revolutionary ideas and hypocrisy. Hovayuchis as a result of the re-transmission of his political opponents, Marat has sent his messages to London, altogether I sell the newspaper illegally.
At Chervna 1790, the fate of the middle of the new order will take advantage of the influx of a radical party, and Marat will turn to Paris. The newspaper "Friend to the People" has become a spoken, boyovy leaflet of the revolution. Marat publiku on the basis of witnesses of ministers, deputies, and vimag of public strata for zradniki. Uninvolved on the side of the members of the Convention, Marat and this newspaper will become highly popular among the people.
Fiercely propagandizing revolutionary terror, Marat became a pose of revolutionary parties. At Veresna of 1792, he was robbed of a deputy to the National Convention of the Republic. Marat primikaє to montagnaram. Protylezhnaya ugrupovannya Girondins of the old uncompromising enemies. In 1793, the stench of the official trial of Marat is suggested. Yogo zninuvuyut in rivets and calls to violence. The court vimovlya on his own zajist is truly a triumphant promo, he applauded yoma, and the revolutionary tribunal will win yoma.
Marat's promises were not in vain. 2 worms 1793 r. 29 Girondins are included in the Convention of more votes. A part of їkh is housed in the Normandy place of Kan. There, Charlotte Condé, an adherent of the Gironde, is approaching with them. Vaughn razroblyaє plan for driving Marat. Having announced an important denunciation, Conde vibrated the moment and gave Marat a fatal knife blow.
After death, Marat's popularity became cult. Franzia got busts in her honor. In 1921, the Russian military ship "Petropavlovsk" was named "Marat". In the name of Marat, the streets of the Russian cities were named.
Singingly, you are a lyudin, yaku you vvazkom for nasliduvannya. You can hang a poster from the images in your house, and maybe such people can be found for you. In such a vipad in the distance, there will be a banny electronic photo frames in the online store SotMarket. Attaching from one side allows you to enjoy the images, replace the paper photography, from the other side you can vikorisovuvati like a monitor. Distribution of decilkoh images in the memory of an electronic photo frame is also a great plus. Here you can see and simply beautiful pictures, and photos of your relatives and loved ones, and help you adjust to a positive image.
MARAT JEAN PAUL
(Nar. In 1743 r - rose. In 1793 r)
We are kindly sob, like a viglyad, Marat, is a good name for the name, like in the memory of a splash, a painting by the French artist Jacques Louis David “Death of Marat”: a man with a band on his head, which looks like a bath. Moreover, mabut, at the bathhouse to spend a greater part of his hour - by ordering there is a curbstone, and on the ny chornilnitsa. In one rutsi Marat trimm a pen, in іnshіy - write-offs of arkush paper. It seems that after finishing the folding of an important document and feeling awake, falling asleep.
However, the name of the painting is unambiguously imposed on those who are Marat, Friend of the people, dead. And the history of the shit, he died in a rapist's death at the hands of Charlotte Corday. І on a piece of paper the paper does not call, but rather to call the revolutionary himself; on the new one it is written: “On the 13th of 1793, to the fate of Hannu-Mary Kordi to the great man Marat. To ensure that I am not happy, but mother has the right to your good-naturedness. "
A whole new text of the sheet, which Charlotte Corday brought with her on that vipadok, so as not to let Marat go to see him and to get the chance to go to work. Ale Vona was able to covet the game and gave a friend to the people right at the baths. Why is a bathtub qia possessed like a more robust one? And why should the Friend of the people brave to see him here? First, why did Charlotte Corday beat Marat for it?
To learn more about food, you need to look from the days of the first years of the Great French Revolution, the most active participant of which Jean-Paul Marat.
In the end of the 18th century, France was unsettled. The political life of the country is already rich in capital, the bullet is filled with podіyа, but the last time France got stuck with the uninvited people - there haven’t been such hvilyuvans yet. The economy of the land has passed through the border of bankrupts, but now the situation has become aggravated to the brim - internal creditors have begun to show their rights. Uryad zaborguvav great bourgeois majestic sumi. This is the reason for the neurosis the rest of the rock, Commercial and industrial crisis, wiping out in a new capitalistic way, in a feudal fashion, that we were in the midst of conflicts. The nobility has few privileges and is not economical. The third camp, the bourgeoisie, has a financial ball, but due to the historically formed way of life, there is not a small amount of opportunity to pour on the platform and to maintain its interest with a legitimate way. A bit shyly trying to look over the situation, ale of the genera of traditions appeared to be strong: the bourgeois bully everywhere was angry, and a few pennies served as an infamous supporter for the vison of noble primhs.
Hvilyuvannya grew wider, and King Louis XVI was tempted to come in over the air. On May 5, 1789, the General States buzzed, and 17 deputies voted for themselves National elections to replace the discussion of the general problems of the state, and apologetically to the royal decree about the release of the General States.
On the 9th day, the deputies appreciated the decision of nazivati Zbori by the Establishments and thought of pratsyuvati over the roots of the constitutional foundations of the state. On the 14th of 1789, the fate of the revolt was fought by the establishment of the Parisians. On the same day Bastilia was taken by storm.
The day of the day of France began to march along the path of the constitutional monarchy, the organization of the vibrational management was launched, the National Guard was formed.
rested peasant insurrection... 4 sickles The establishment of a zbori rang out about the "outside" of the ruling feudal orders, but for the passage of the feudal fallow lands the villagers needed to make a wikup, a sum that is too much for a big bull. 26 serpnya zbori adopted the "Declaration of the rights of the people and the community." Until the spring of 1791, the deputies oversaw the Constitution, carried out administrative and financial reforms.
Formally, Louis XVI took the throne, in fact, he appeared in the position of the handcuff. 21 worms 1791 the king was wired in the same way with the family in Netherlands, albeit with the knowledge, changes and turnings to Paris.
Khvilyuvannya did not get too excited. On the 17th of Mars, a demonstration took place on the Field of Mars. Vona Bula rozignana from the zasosuvannyam vognepalnoї zbroї. The installer of the zbori namalosya vryatuvati the idea of the constitutional monarchy, having submitted to Louis for a signature, was adopted by the deputies of the Constitution, and after that Zbori was secretly released.
The axis has already been taken over by the representatives of the great bourgeoisie and the liberal nobility. Over the course of an hour in the country, a number of political groups were formed. One of them became the Jacobin Club, the names of the same name for the month of joining the monasteries of dominants (in France they were called Jacobins). Through the fringe of philia, the Jacobins spread among the people of the revolutionary mood among all the kuchuchs of the land. In 1792, the rock of the Jacobins was called the Girondins (as the name of the department of the Gironde, the name of the Bouli is a native of many members).
Legislation came to the change of the Institutional Laws, the formal position was taken up by the radical establishment of the Girondins. The stench adopted the laws that saved the villagers from the Wikupu, fought for the removal of the church from the state. April 20 Louis XVI, with the initiative of the Girondins, having voiced the nation of Austria, became an alliance of Prussia. A small ear of destruction, inflation, ruin, growth of prices winked at a new zavorushennya. The 10th sickle was knocked off by the Chergov rebellion, and the Parizka commune, the revolutionary organ of the Parisian samovryduvannya, was freaked out.
The insurrection ended with the fall of the monarchy and the aresht of Louis and the yogi family. On 21 February, the Legislature was voted by the French Republic, and all the authority was transferred to the Convention. Louis transformed himself into an ordinary hulk. Piznish (21 September 1793) was guilty of fears for being invaded by the "snake against the freedom of the nation and swing for national security." Pidstavu became known before the king's life with emigrants-counterrevolutionaries, Austria, Prussia.
The convention actually took shape from the deputies of three groups: the Girondists (who panuvali until the spring of 1793), the 8 montanyars and the "swamps". Until the end of the spring of 1793, the Girondins occupied a small place, and on the 31st of May, the Chergov insurrection fell asleep in Paris, as a result of a Girondins' bully, and the Jacobins came to power on the Choly with Robesp'or.
Having seized the power, the Jacobins took the path to terror and actually established a dictatorship. Vlada mayzhe povnistyu zoseredilas in the hands of two committees of the Convention: the Committee of community security and the Committee of community service.
All sides of the suspenseful and special life of the French boules are strictly regulated. Heads flew. Gilyotini worked without interruption. The victims of the Jacobin terror were not only the henchmen of the old order, the ale and the revolutionary, whose thought was spreading from the point of view of the Jacobins, one of the leaders who became Jean Paul Marat.
Jean-Paul Marat was born on May 24, 1743 in the Swiss place of Budri, where three catholics had migrated three times before, as they switched to Calvinism. Batko Marata, Lyudin was illumined, being an artist, ale tried and busy - medicine, vikladannya earthmovs... Win zmig to give children a good day.
Marat Virishiv was a likarem. Winning in Toulouse, Bordeaux, Paris, Holland and England. In England, Jean Paul became interested in philosophy and politics and wrote the first "Philosophical Dosvid of People" and antimonarchist treatise "Lantsyugi of Slavery". Voltaire Bouv knows about Marat's robots, however, when we hear about them, we do not change the rank.
In England Marat, do not waste medicine, taking care of physical optics. In their robots of youthful ideas, they won the self-singularity and contempt of outstanding authorities, who (like the whole scientific world) paid them with this coin. As a result, Marat rozcharuvavsya in the prospects of the scientific car'єri.
In 1776, the rotsi win turned to France and made the seat of the likar of the guards, Count d'Artois (maybut King Charles). Alle medicine does not bring Marat no glory, no pennies. Try to continue the science until the success.
Self-loving і, mabut, Marnos-glorious Jean-Paul will start to develop a political career. In 1777, rotsi win took over the fate of the competition for a brilliant project of reform of criminal law, and in 1782 it was published "The plan of criminal legislation." The robots, however, may not have brought Marat much popularity and growth.
With the ear of the Great French Revolution, Marat virishu is engaged in practical politics, having overshadowed theoretical knowledge. From the spring of 1789, the fate of the year was published, the newspaper "Friend to the People", which became the head of the right of life. Newspaper shvidko has grown in popularity - to publish in new materials, they have become sensational and have taken care of scandalous, ale of glory. The newspaper without perererval vygrivat the thresholds of the revolution, and Marat did not even dbav about the truthfulness of the quiet people. Win calling the people to ludicrous rapists. The bosses of the appropriate positions Marat has already quickly earned the popularity of commoners and the fortunes of the politicians.
Bagato, once he was brought up to accept the issue of the newspaper and how to get it. The message to the construction of the antimonarchist manifestation on 17 April 1791 to the friend of the people (so they began to call Marat), the message brought the big thing to England.
The issue of the newspaper was renewed in April 1792. The first mishaps of the European campaign against Austria and Prussia, Friend to the people, who called out to the quick and harsh calls against the enemies of the revolution, becoming more and more popular. It’s a lot of reasons why Marat’s propagandists in the spring of 1792 came across a mass of political conflicts at the vyaznitsy of Paris. In such a rank, one can say that Marat became the forerunner of the Maybut Jacobin terror and one of the main ideologues.
Marat became a deputy to the newly established Convention, having joined the Montagnards.
Yak our native Mendel Krik made the glory of the middle of the bindyuzhnik in the rude, so also Marat watched the extremist at the other left-radical one-party. Vin is not self-consciously victorious at the "enemies of the revolution", in the strata of Louis, cursing the protector of the revolution, General Dumouriez and the Girondins.
Marat, having signed the call, having called out to the blame of the Girondins, and asked the other people to be accused before the court. Youmu was presented with a blast in the blow-up by the deputies to the Convention, pidburyuvannya before being driven and stabbed to death. The trial of Marat was re-imagined as a triumph. On April 24, 1793, it turned into the Convention. At the insurrection, there are 31 travnyas, Marat zigrav, mabut, if I don’t get a headache, then I don’t diminish the role, not Robesp'єr.
The Gironde boules were brought down. I had a chance to leave Paris, the inhabitants of whom are rich in what the friends of the friend didn’t know were against them. At the same time, in the provinces, the Girondins rejected the population and the antiyakobinsky got stabbed. Groups of Girondins went to many French towns, including Kan. Shvidshe for everything, the same group became an indirect cause of Marat's death.
Kania had a 24-year-old Charlotte Corday. The female tsya lay down to the old, ale of the old noble family, the grand-niece of the famous playwright P'ar Kornel. Vona neglected the wonderful light, read a lot, and was filled with philosophy. From the days of 1789, two brothers emigrated and came to the army of royalists, ale the sympathy of Charlotte Bully at the Girondins' boats. With the acts of them, there was a lot of knowledge - for the Parisian podiyas of the rich party, the leaders arrived in Kaji, and Charlotte was puffed up by the rozpovidi. Tim for an hour Marat, calling the people to the blame of the Girondins, and Charlotte Corday sent the message to the Friend to the people.
The girl went to Paris. Near the capital Charlotte, 11 lindens arrived in 1793 rock. Vona went to the hotel and spent the whole day reading. Вранці 13 lime Charlotte bought now and went to an apartment before Marat. For the first time, the gate didn’t start up, saying that Marat was ill and didn’t take the door.
Marat is dyisno buv douzhe ailments. With a hold of the rest of the five months, a little bit of ailment was tormenting me. Practically, at the same time as the Jacobin coup d'état, the sharpening began. 6 worm Marat, write to the Convention: “Gromadians, my colleagues! A fiery ailment is a legacy of agony, as I gave myself the rest of the fate, seizing Freedom, - the axis is already five months to be poor, and until the whole day I trimmed me in the lid. "
17 the worm Marat is not eligible to appear in the Convention, but does not show any activity. 21 worms win in the club of Jacobins with a half-hearted prom, in yak, zokrema, say, that the order of the Republic of Warto two hundred sixty thousand heads of intrigans and aids. 22 worms vіn know vistupaє publicly, alas, on the coming day, the ailment I know of Marat's snorting at home, and from quiet pіr vіn more than ever, never vіyshov on the street.
The ailment grew sharper. Marat tormented with fever, constantly wearing a bandage on his forehead, was soaked with an otstom. A friend of the people, having taken only a little bit of a drink and a steady drink of cava, it’s possible, it’s well proven - the ailment could be nerve-racking.
Protest, Friend of the people, having been aware of the course of going to the Convention and advancing pratsyuvati over the issue of the newspaper. Practically the whole hour was spent at the bath - only a little bit of unbearable sverbinnya. He wrote to the newspaper that "I gave all the belongings of the earth for a few days of my health, and I didn’t want to spend more time with the people, without my ailments."
On the 12th day of Marat, the deputies of the Convention were presented to them - Mor and David. The artist gotuvavsya to paint a portrait of a Friend to the people. Mor nadav the Jacobin club calls about a visit to Marat. The axis is not a great trick: “We beat up our brother Marat, who had lost a lot of interest for that interest, which they have shown, and have caught up with you. We found him in the bath; bіlya nyogo standing at a table with a chornilnitseu and newspapers - DO NOT relax, but take care of the people on the right. There is still no lingering of the ailments, ale of nicholas, no weakness of the members of Gori. Like a rich patriotism, fostered in even a little bit! Yogo patriotic zusilla porushu deprived of the sight of the enemies, so that they shrink from their sides. Winning money for those that the Convention has forgotten to look at the sprinkles of the proponated methods of the huge order. "
On the 13th of April, the first trip took Charlotte Corday to Marat. Not having cut off the audio, she sent the rules to the following sheet to the following:
“Gromadian, I came from Cana. Your love to batkivshchina tempts me less, but from the tsikavistyu learn about the merciless podії in the whole part of the republic. I will come to you very soon. Be affectionate, take me less and come to me for trouble. I will give you the power to give a great service to vitality. Charlotte Corday ".
Charlotte has come home again. Marat sat by the bath and looked over the copy of the book's room "Friend to the people". The gatehouse would not let Charlotte in again, and she began to deliberately voice her voice: “Yak is inappropriate! Yak ohgdno, I will not be accepted! ”And so it was voicedly peeped, having cut off Marat's list. A friend of the people, feel the voices at the gatherings and having asked Simona Evrar, the woman, who had been with a civilian girl, ask the woman to leave.
Charlotte Corday went to the room. Marat was lying at the bathtub on the crypt. The conversation was about ten khvili. Charlotte told Marat that you can name the names of the leaders of the Girondins who are going to Kania. Marat writing down the nicknames of the cich people. His hands will be busy with the letters to the ladies, and he will not be surprised at the door. Charlotte whipped and kicked the blow. There was a lower trochus at the bottom of Marat's lower right clavicle, breaking through the lungs and down to the heart. Marat tilki stood up and shouted: “Before me, my friend! Until me! "And having lost the witness. Through five hilines, the Friend of the people was gone. Charlotte Corday was caught on the ground.
Until robots over their famous painting the artist David, having started already two years later, was driving.
Otzhe, why is Marat ailing? Likaris-participants could not establish an accurate diagnosis (the enemies were afraid, but a friend to the people of the sick in syphilis, ale tse maloimovirne). To go to the Duma and the modern fahivtsi.
Symptoms of the ailment buli unbearable itching and visip, which gave allowance for two possibilities: an ekzem, or one of them, was free (perhaps Marat was suffering from lusky lichen - psoriasis). Visnachiti, about how it’s the same zhvoryuvannya yde mova, to finish it smoothly, a bit of offense є a lot of nerve-psychic overwhelm. For example, a strong attack of the ailment pochausya without the middle of the pod, as they were grieving towards Marat's magnificent tension - the Jacobin coup.
Ivan Lisovykh vvazhaє, Marat was suffering from a mild phobic neurosis (persistent fears and trivial) on the back of a sick ailment. Pranguchi podolati yogo, having written half of the statutes iz a call to open up with the enemies of the revolution, to the king’s stratum, calling to the right over the bogged down royalists, to the mass strata, having written the guesses about the fatalities about the fatalist.
In addition, the rest of the fate of Marat's life in the last few years, before the glory, be a good way, allowing the little glorious people to put a lot of hard diagnoses. Axis scho write N.I. Karєєve: “Jean Paul Marat. Buv, posture by all kinds of insanity, an abnormal human being, a psychopath. Bear on your own to reach clear signs of physical virginity, until the ear of a revolution in the age of souls, which characterize the maniacs: the whole lot of the mania of greatness, until the earliest change in
Marat Nemov himself supported the diagnosis. Vin write on the cob 1793 rock: “.C early rock Me devoured love to glory, addiction, in the period of my life, meta, ale ni never left me. I wanted to be a school teacher in five rockies, a professor at fifteen rockets, a fifteen rocky writer, and twenty years as a creative genius, so as at one time I should praise to sacrifice my father. I know well that my creation is not intended for the peace of mind of the enemies of our life: shahrai and the guardians of nothing should not be so afraid of anything, like vicritta. To that, the number of villains who have sworn to kill me is great. Vimusheni prikhovuvati my fortune, my low revenge, sprang my blood under the cover of love to people, povaga to laws, stench from the wound until the evening vyvergayut against less than a thousand stingy and unbearable. From them, Edina, fooled the deyakykh and never ceased to be siryuvan, polyagaє in the fact that I am a hustle, a cheeky madness, bloodthirsty, monstrously abusive, or a purchase of grudges. The stench vvazhayut malignant, so I jammed the heads of the zradniks and the wives. Ale chi vimagav if I didn’t have any popular rule for cich hardships before the stench became carlessly haunted to the sword of justice, and the lawmakers were busy with the bereft of carnality? And then, why is it that the evil of the vimagati is already so great, there are five hundred evil heads, why should you save five hundred thousand innocents? Already the rozrakhunok itself does not know about wisdom and humanity? "
Possibly, the most useless and unreasonable from the point of view of a healthy psyche, the hardness of the mind is the reason why Marat became one of the leading ideologists of the Jacobin terror. It was not for nothing that Yogo itself, and not, for example, Robesp'ura vibrated her target Charlotte Corday.
3 books In the sight of the swastika the author Igor KaberovIMPORTANT HOUR OF LINKOR "MARAT" Shirobokov's car has been repaired. Її tell us. Technics were selected for a litaka. All nibi chogos check. So and be built, Volodya will come here at once. Come, laugh humbly, sit in the cabin. Ale go to the commander of the squadron captain
3 Laplace books the author Vorontsov-Velyaminov Boris MikolayovichMarat scourges the Academy and Laplace Marat, with the power of the revolutionary fuse, mercilessly viciously wins the Academy of Sciences, as a stronghold of the old regime. Marat started fighting against the Academy until the revolution. In the great pamphlet "Suchasni charlatans" Marat put for the meta
Chuck's books the author Brukhnov Marat YakimovichMarat Yakimovich Brukhnov Chaka
3 books Іyum from a roll the author Shenderovich Viktor Anatoliyovich"Marat-Sad" outside of me which vimoviti, who didn’t choke, may be unhappy: “Perezіduvannya i vvivanija Jean Paul Marat, represented by the artistic corpse of a psychiatric lykarnі in Charentonі pіd kerіvnistvom
3 books by A.S. Ter-Ohanyan: Life, Share and Contemporary Art the author Nemiriv Miroslav MaratovichGelman, Marat Here it would be simpler not to be wise, but to take it, that would put the article from "Pidsumkiv", in which everything would be good and intelligent - that this Marat Gelman is not glorified. uter, schob vin mig pratsyuvati z
3 books My heavenly life: Help the viprobuvach the author Menitskiy Valeriy Evgenovich11. MARAT Alik I OLEXANDER Garnaev I worked at the company and with the call of young people - Marat Alikov and Sasha Garnaev. The stench has poured before us, once in a vipuska, the Office of the Privilege Service for my visit, the young donors were selected. Tse bula vimoga
3 books by Marat Kazei the author Morozov V'yacheslav MikolayovichMarat Kazei On the very first day, Marat has killed two in the pantry. Alone, at the form of a tankist of the Chervona Army, speaking to the little boy: - Hey, there you have it ...
3 books of 100 famous tyrants the author Vagman Ilya YakovichMARAT JEAN PAUL (born in 1743 - rose in 1793) One of the leaders of the Great French Revolution, Jacobin, "Friend to the people", who laid down the foundations of the revolutionary terror. “Such, yak Marat, bring death. I drove one, a few hundred thousand. I drove a non-man, why should I avenge
З books Notes of an ordinary radio operator. Front. Full. Turning around. 1941-1946 the author Lomonosov Dmitro BorisovichMarat Shpilem - Cavalryman, Journalist The rockies didn’t have any problems with him: he was in the 16th cavalry regiment of our 4th division, the sound of an 82-mm battery
3 books of 50 famous vbivs the author Fomin Oleksandr VolodymyrovychAT THE VICTIM IDE. MARAT JEAN PAUL (1743-1793) The Great French Revolution. One of the leaders of the Jacobins. С1789 having seen the newspaper "Friend to the people". At the same time with Robesp'or keruvav with a ready-made insurrection 31 grass - 2 worms in 1793, which took the power from the Girondins. Driven by Charlotte Corday,
3 books of the Old Basics the author Lyubimov Yuriy Petrovich"Marat-Sad" I vigaduvav "Kaligulu" Camus, and Visotsky wanted there grati. Potential "Marat-Sad" by Peter Weiss. Tse same, me to be built, tsikave bulo b, і Skoda, but I didn’t go into the tse zroiti. I made a lot of efforts with the deceased Ginzburg. Vin buv blisky shifting. 1st shift at
3 books of 50 famous ailments the author Kochemirovska Olena"Marat and Markiz de Sad" by P. Weiss, 1998. I have long wanted to stage "Marat-Sad". P'єsa aje is beautiful. But if I didn’t let you put it on, if I’m viral, it’s possible and necessary to get a good start, then I’ve wondered if it’s possible to sound at once. є svitovy
3 books by Yuriy Lyubimov. directorial method the author Maltseva Olga MikolaivnaMARAT JEAN PAUL (born in 1743 - rose. In 1793) May I be so kind, like a viglyad, Marat, - name it, like a picture of the French artist Jacques Louis David, "Death of Marat": a man with a bandage on his head, which looks like a bath. moreover,
3 books of Telebachennya. behind-the-scenes the author Vizilter Vilen S.Vistavi "Sharashka" and "Marat-Sad" Appeals in the end of the 1990s to the rocky literary material, he wished to start staging the essence of "political" vistavs. I stench with a whole could be an argument for quiet, hto, through unpretentiousness, having condemned the theater as "political", before that, Lyubimov
3 books of the author"Marat-Sad" Quite a bit of a position to take in the beauty in the distance in the light of the "Marat-Sad" (1998) for Weiss's story, staged by the month earlier. At the sviti vistavi, albeit not in the svitі "Charenton", the girl will need a little order. Beauty, human excellence in young yogo
3 books of the authorMarat Radzhibaev On the right was a bullet before the Chergov All-Union Festival of Youth Television Programs. Information to the Kazakh TV tower was received every now and then. And then the preparation of the festival programs took place in a terrible time and hot. Me and my editor Sergiy
I am one of the radical leaders of the Great French Revolution by Jean-Paul Marat good vidomo in Russia. Yakobinets Marat for an hour of the power of the Radians became the leader of the communist ruk. Yogo im'yam boules are named streets in Bagatyokh towns of the land. hero pisen Oleksandra Rosenbaum"On the streets of Marat, the happy buv was pricked."
Revolutionary on the posadi of the court likar
With the im'yam of Marat and the creation of the youngest vizi: from the virshiv Sergia Mikhalkova about uncle Stopu vidomo, as a hero-veleten having served in the rocky vіyni on the "Marat" link. Prior to the speech, such a boyovy ship was effectively entering the warehouse of the Navy of the SRSR.
Moreover, the very nickname “Marat” has become popular international names in the Radiansky Union.
The freak of Switzerland, Jean-Paul Marat, was born on May 24, 1743 in the homeland of his home doctor. having obliterated good coverage, Marat may have become a likar. A young physician did not sit at one point - he traveled to different places, zablyayuyu on life medical practice.
In addition to good health before medicine, Jean-Paul Marat was a natural speaker and publicist, who put the summaries of all the suspense paths at that hour. Radical and quick judgments, from one side, brought him popularity, and from the other - they allowed Marat to acquire helpless enemies, among those people who were inundated.
Authorities Marat without making a name - Vin joining the Gostru polemic of Voltaire, Critically placed before scientific robots Newtonі Lavoisie... Oponenti, visually insanely gifted by Marat, meant his extreme zeal.
From 1779 to 1787 the fateful tribune of the revolution Jean-Paul Marat was a court physician at Count d'Artois- in 1824 he was a representative of the royal house of Bourbon in the side of the throne before the im'yam Charles X... However, the first rule will end with a revolution - in 1830, he will be thrown off the throne.
In the meantime, we will see more of the history than we are talking about today.
Kar'ara Jean-Paul Marat has become aware of the great snakes on the ear of the Great French Revolution. The physician, who had successfully walked the robot in front of the tsar's motherland with the writings of radical robots about the suspension of the suspension, in 1789 got bored with his head in the revolution.
Vikrivach "vorogiv to the people"
Marat opened the government project for the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and became a vipuskati newspaper "Friend to the people", which was judged by the statues of the head ideological mouthpiece of the revolution.
From the side of his vision, the yaskraviy publicist has defrauded the regime, tavruvav the king's family, corrupt ministers, unclean deputies. The inflow of Marat on the Masi grew on a skin day - nichto, besides, it was not so successful for the revolutionary fanaticism of the masses.
Zrozumіlo, opponents at Marat were more nіzh enough. Monarchies and revolutionaries hated him, vvazhayuchi, "Friend to the people" kliche masi to terror.
Vlasne, it’s so good. In 1791, Marat had a chance to travel to London, in protest of turning wine, continuing his activity.
Jean-Paul Marat wrote that the fight against the counter-revolution is to blame for the cruelty, and that the renovation of the suspension will require the beheaded hundreds and thousands of "enemies to the people", and the heads are needed innocently.
The term itself "a thief to the people" was born not in the Radiansk Union, but in the Revolution of France - Marat in his newspaper published the lists of "enemies to the people", and the share of quiet, who had consumed them, was brimming over the edge.
Marat bouv with one of the napalks of the fallen man's strati King of France Louis XVIі вітав її.
In 1793 rotsi, in the period of baked struggle with radical Jacobins, leaders of the boules Robesp'єrі Marat, і big friends of the Girondins, stayed in the distance to seek the trial of the "Friend to the people", having called him in the pidburyuvannі before the beatings. However, the Revolutionary Tribunal on April 24, 1793, the fate of Marat was defeated.
Jean-Paul Marat bouv is at the top of glory, and even before his bend it has been lost in less than three months.
A rebel of old family
Charlotte Corday Outside of Mary, Anna Charlotte Corday d'Armont, was born on 27 April 1768 in Normandy. Vona resembled an old noble family, P'єr Kornel- the founder of the genre of French tragedy.
The dvchina renounced the pochatka coverage of the house, and later, in the tradition of that hour, the bule was placed in the boarding house of the Benedictine abate of the Holy Tribes in Kania. Vіter change at that hour duv at Franzia shhosili - in the abbey, young vikhovans were allowed to read not only religious literature, but pratsi Montesque'єі Russo.
In 1790, the monasteries were rebuilt in two revolutionaries, and Charlotte Corday turned to the home.
The fellows guessed that 22-rychna Charlotte Bula was "a new era of people" - I didn't think about it, love stories volіla newspapers and revolutionary literature. The young noblewoman allowed her nezuvan to be abused by her relatives, thinking she was a king. Charlotte said that Louis XVI is a weak monarch, and weak monarchs are dashing to their people.
Charlotte Corday was a republican, the protestor categorically opposed the terror and was hostile to the king's stratum. “People who have obedin 'us freedom, drove it in, the stench of all is deprived of it,” - wrote Charlotte friends.
24-rychna dvchina vvedened, who is guilty of zrobiti, shob embedded in the historical process. Kahn, de vona lived, at that hour became the center of the Girondist opposition, and she stood against the Jacobins.
Charlotte Corday is viral, it’s possible to zupiniti terror, as it is to the ideologist of terror - Jean-Paul Marat.
Kitchen nizh yak znaryadya іstorії
For the sake of my own thought, I created a plan to come to Caen as the Girondins and rejected from them a list of recommendations to the same thinkers - to the deputies of the Convention in Paris. Charlotte didn’t cry out for her help - she said that she wouldn’t want to talk about her friend at the boarding house, but she’d lost herself without getting caught up.
Arriving in Paris on 11 April 1793, Charlotte Corday became a show with Marat. The girl learned that she didn’t give in to the swing, she wrote a piece of farewell sheets, and also “Viciousness to the French, friends of the law and the world”, in which she explained the motives of her vchinka. “Oh, France! Tvіy spokіy lie in the form of laws; drive in Marat, I will not break the laws; condemnation to all, I want to be a law ... "- wrote Charlotte Corday.
The dvchina got involved with Marat nibito in order to convey to him a new list of "enemies to the people", which were ruled in Kani.
At that hour, Jean-Paul Marat mayzhe did not appear in the Convention - he was guilty of being a child of a child, and a citizen of his shuval only had a bath, in which he was a wife of an udom and when he was taken.
Pislya decilkoh zvernen 13 linden 1793 rock Charlotte Corday asked for an audition from Marat. Behind her, she brought in a kitchen nizh, purchases in parisky kramnitsa.
At the start, Charlotte told you about the zradniki who had taken to Kania, and Marat, thinking that the stench would soon be viral on giliotin. At the moment, the girl gave me a knife to be at the baths of Marat, knocking him into the mice.
Cordi Bula is secretly buried. Yakimos diva її in the distance vryatuvati see nausea natovpu, yaka tried to go with her right at the corpse of the fallen idol.
posthumous lapas
The letter will be finished; Slidstvo and court bully were quick, but obvious. Charlotte Corday didn’t ask for indulgence, she did it, but she did it in one piece. It didn’t help - in Paris there were already people who had been transferred to the family, who also checked the deaths of the virok.
There are no photos in those hours, ale the artist Goyer on the day of the trial, and for a few years before the strati, the outline of the portrait of Marat was cut.
A jury trial of 17 lipnya unanimously condemned Charlotte Corday to death. They wanted to pay a ruble for the village - for tradition, in a new way, they spent a lot of money.
For the wedding kata, Charlotte Corday was led by her husband. All the way up to the moment of strati on the area of the Republic, won a standing position. If a giliotina appeared in the distance, if she wanted to close the view of the condemnation, the protest Charlotte herself asked him to come in - she said that none of them didn’t bother death, but it didn’t work.
With the help of Charlotte Corday was seen. On the eighth evening on the eighth evening, she went to the eschafot and was frightened by the great bought people. Teslyar, having helped to set up the pomist, took the girl's head off and lost his contempt, giving a blunder. Tsey vchinok fell to relish the radical henchmen of Marat, albeit with the judgments of the official dominion.
The specialty of Charlotte Corday wiggled a lot of the super-spike and the strati. For example, the corpse was gleaned by the doctors, who were confirmed, but the 24-hour child was not entrusted.
Tilo bulo was stolen from Madeleine's storeroom in Paris. By the same time, even during the era of Napoleon, the treasury was buried.
Marat I Yogo is the nicest student
Jean-Paul Marat Bouve of the day before Charlotte Corday's strati, 16 days 1793 in the garden of the Cordelier Club. In honor of Marat, the boules were renamed Montmartre and Misto Le Havre for a decade. The ambiguous emphasis on this specialty called for that, both in France, and in the Radiansk Union, they were named in honor of the former, but they also renounced historical names. Tilo Marat in 1794, even after the fall of the Jacobin dictatorship, was moved to the Pantheon;
Well, the part of Charlotte Corday is less enviable. Persha, not affectionate on її zapevnennya in that, as soon as she was alone, the death of Marat became the reason for the resilience of mass reprisals against the "enemies of the people." The motherland of Charlotte Corday was brought back to the exile, and her uncle and brother, who took part in the brother of the royal family, the bully rozstrilians.
In another way, Republican Charlotte Corday Bula was stripped of the royalist Jacobin propaganda and became the idol of monarchies. What's more, dear girl, she went for self-sacrifice, she didn't bother herself, she gave me a fashion accessory - "Charlotte" was called a drop, so to fold with a bavolet - a chic with a shuttlecock on a pole - and mantonerki - caps, caps, caps. Tsey golovniy ubir became a superbly popular middle of the monarchy, and through the capital - among the opponents of the Paris Commune in 1871.
One of the theorists in socialism Louis Blanc Writing a note, Charlotte Corday actually appeared to be the most famous epistle of the principles of Jean-Paul Marat, having brought this logical principle to perfection, so that the life of few people can be sacrificed for the well-being of the whole nation.
Lykar. Theorist of the revolution. One of the leaders of the Jacobins.
Jean-Paul Marat was born on May 24, 1743 in the Budri, Switzerland. The slammer has washed off the garn with lighting in the daddy’s booth, and finished the household’s lіkar. Having lost their fathers, having spent their lives on life with lessons and lykarskoy practice, moving from place to place. Buv likarem and pratsyuvav at the court of Count d'Artois, mayybut king of France Charles X.
Marata mav is a doctor of medicine, protest, who read this robot about the fire and electricity, the message of knowledge, the teaching of knowledge in the various fields of science. Ale bolsh for all the problems of people and society. Jean-Paul Navit presented his plan of criminal legislation, acts of ideas that were taken away and immobilized before action by Josip II, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. In the early hours of the morning, Marat was still turbulent by the right of power to have a surplus of benefits, at that hour the blessings did not begin. Likewise, having venerated with the impudent demand the sign of the sovereign harmony. One sees in the newspaper "Friend to the People" having violated social injustice and cried out to the violent overthrow of power. The first world was not bargained for.
In 1789, the Great French Revolution was revered from the bribe of the Bastille. Marat sent to the coup by entering the National Convention, the only authority in the French Revolution. The revolutionaries were divided into three tabori: radically adjusted Jacobins, up to those who were lying in Marat, amorphous centrists and Girondists, who did not use terrorist methods. They stayed constantly eavesdropping on Marat; Marat was right, ale the conflict became more acute. Prior to that, he had straightened his whole activity to the depredation of the Girondins.
In 1793, Marat was already very important for ailments, the school of ailments began to progress, which became infected, if he caught sight of the English vagabonds. I would like to let my countrymen lie down, gradually sitting at the baths, writing there and finding them. Itself at the baths of the room 13 linden 1793 Jean-Paul Marat was stabbed to death with a stick by the henchman of the Girondins, the noblewoman Charlotte Corday.
Three days later, with great triumph, the Cordelier Club was enthroned in the garden; the heart of the deceased is placed in the hall to visit the club. Montmartre and the place of Le Havre were renamed in honor of Marat. However, on 21 Veresnya 1794, the remains were transferred to the Pantheon. Through rіk, 8 fierce 1795, the fierce rock was seen and 26 fierce was reared in the storeroom of the church of Sainte-Etne-du-Mont.
Memory of Jean-Paul Marat
pislya Zhovtnevoy revolution 1917 r Russia im'ya Marat was named in the name of bagatokh ob'ektiv in the USSR. The Great and Maliy Maratovskaya provulki (earlier than Kurbatov, Nini Ordinsky), named after the confectionery factory in the name of Marat, were in Moscow.
Near St. Petersburg є Marat Street. Vulitsya Marat є also in Nizhny Novgorod, Novorossiysk, Novosibirsk, Tula, Tulich, Sevastopol, Kursk, Kalinigrad, Yekaterinburz, Omsk, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Izhevsk, Perm, Oryanovsk Ufa, Kalinkovichi і ін.
In 1921 rotsi im'yam "Marat" names the flagship of the Red Baltic Fleet, the largest liner "Petropavlovsk". (In 1943, the old name is reversed).
In the SRSR, biographies of Marat were included (for example, in the series of ZhZL and the series of PR), as well as published acts of his creation.