Values on the card of the position and height of the weight and the level; geographic coordinates and height of the surrounding peaks. Geography lesson. Geographic position and cordon of Altai Territory Geographic coordinates Altai
Meta robots: Formation of the mind of the beginning of the geographic position of the gir, rivnin and їkh viostu; development of the definition of geographic coordinates.
Head 1. Check the geographic provisions of the rules and keep table 8.
Table 8.
Geographical location plan Geographic ob'єkt (Gori, Rivnini) Ural Mountains Zakhidno-Sibirskaya Rivnina 1. On which continent and in which part to be Eurasia, Russia Eurasia, Russia 2. Regulations on the relationship to the other geographic entities at the entrance from the Western-Siberian Rivnin at the Descent of the Ural Mountains 3. Straight and length dovzhina 2200 km, SE 4. Mid-height 800 m 100 m 5. Geographic coordinates finding points Narodnaya 1895 m, 65 mon. 60 s.d. -
Manager 2. Vikoristovuchi picture to the atlas, give a description of the meaningful forms of the relєfu and save the table 9.
Table 9.
Name gir, rivnin The position of the geographic regions according to the date to the other geographic institutions Straight and length Geographic coordinates and absolute height of mountain peaks and mountains Caucasus Pd Elbrus 5642 m
43 monday, 42 pp
Altai on private Belukha 4506
50 pn., 85 s.
Ural Mountains at the descent from the Caucasus and the Western European Plain, at the entrance to the Altai, the Western Siberian Plain and the Middle Siberian Plain People's town 1895
65 pn., 60 s.
Skhidno-Evropeyska Rivnina to the NE towards the Caucasus, at the entrance to the 1200 m Khibini
68 monday, 33 pp
Zakhidno-Sibirskaya Rivnina at the gathering from the Ural Mountains and the European Rivne. In the northeast towards the Caucasus, at the entrance towards the Central Siberian plateau, at the northwest towards the Altai - Middle Siberian Plane at the descent - CB Plutorana plateau 1701 m
69 monday, 96 pp
Altai Territory of Razorstovaniye on the pіvdnі Zakhіdnogo Sibir. The average length of the territory from the beginning of the day is 360 km, from the approach to the highway - 585 km. Mezhun: at the first and first time - from Kazakhstan, on the first day - from the Republic of Altai, on the first and second visit - from the Kemerovo region, on the weekends - from the Novosibirsk region.
The territory of the region belongs to two physical regions - Zakhidno-Siberian Rivnini and Altai - Sayan. The Girsk part of the hunt for the ryvnin from the skid and the ancient side - the Salair ridge and in front of the Altai. Zakhidna and the central part of a very rural character - Priobskoe plateau, Bijsk-Chumishskaya visochina, Kulundinskaya step. At the edge of the presence there are all natural zones of Russia - step and lis-steppe, taiga and mountains. Rivninna part of the region is characterized by the development of steppe and forest natural areas, With lined pine forests, raspineno girder-spring hedge, lakes and kilkami. Nayvischa point - 2490 meters away from the official name on the map and located at the turns of the rychka Kumir on the Korgonsky ridge.
The water resources of the Altai Territory are represented by surface and underground waters. Naybilshi rivers (of 17 thousand) - Ob, Biya, Katun, Chumish, Alei i Charish. Z 13 thousand lakes of the naybilshe - Kulundinskaya lake, with an area of 728 sq. km. The head of the water artery of the edge - the rychka About - dozhinoyu in the border of the edge 493 km, settling in the zlittya rychok of Biya and Katuni. Pool Obi loan 70% of the territory of the region.
Roslini. There are 3,000 species of roslin that grow in Western Siberia, in the Altai Territory - 1954 species of roslin, which can be traced to 112 homelands and 617 births. In the warehouse of flories in the edge of є 32 types of specialty. Tse linden sibirska, kopitnyak vropeyskiy, pidmarennik zapashny, kostritsa veletenska, brunner sibirska, salvinia floating, water gorіkh and іnshі. More than 2000 views of the rosette of the dead, which can be seen on the territory of the Altai Territory, in Chervona, 144 views have gone up. It’s very vividly seen, endemic, quick to speed up its area, as well as recreational. kind of wealth roslinniy svitu the edge is pummeled with the development of natural climatic minds.
According to the foregoing assessment, the region is characterized by more than 100 species of lichens, 80 species of moss-like, close to 50 species of mushrooms of macromycetes. Sered tsikh ob'ktyv and і rіdkіsnі, introduced before the Chervona Book of Russia.
Near the edge of the bag, there are close to 100 species of savts, more than 320 species of birds, 7 species of plazuns, 6 species of spineless creatures. Ssavtsi are mainly represented by people who are green (vuhaty yizhak, jerboas) and flying mish(Їх 9 types, including entered before the Chervona book of Russia by the state institution nichnytsya). Two representatives of the marten family have gone away - vidra and dressing.
ALTAI (from the Turkic-Mongolian "Altai" - golden), girska system in Asia, in public Siberia and in Central Asia, in the territory of Russia (Republic of Altai, Republic of Tiwa, Altai Territory), Mongolia, Kazakhstan and China.
Move beyond the latitude from 81 to 106 ° skidnoy dovgoti, By the way - from 42 to 52 ° latitude. Proceed from a pivnichny approach to the pivdenny skid more than 2000 km. Store from the highest ( whish point- Mount Bilukha, 4506 m) і middle mountain ridges and distribution of іх mіzhgіrsky ulogovin.
At the winter and winter entrance between the Western Siblings - at the winter meeting - at the Western Sayan and the mountains of the Great Tuvi, at the descend - the Valley of the Great Lakes, at the empty valley of the Joy - at views from the Kazakh Upland. Altai - vododil mіzh basin Pivnіchnoi The icy ocean and drainless region of Central Asia.
Orographically vidіlyayut Gobi Altai, Mongolian Altai and Vlasne Altai, or Russian Altai. It is not easy to identify with the Altai people and enter the warehouse of the sub-latitudinal land of the Pivdenniy Siberia, the mountains are set to end in latitude 400 km, in the middle of 300 km - on the map
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relief.
Relief of the Russian Altai was formed as a result of a tricky infusion of exogenous processes in growing growth and is characterized by great versatility of forms. There is a large part of the ridges of the winter-western or sub-latitudinal spreading, which is set in the direction of the western direction.
Vinyatok to form the ridges of the winter submeridional oriєntuvannya and pivdennіy periphery. There are a number of great flatlands (Ukok і ін.), Nagіr'iv (Chulishmanskoe і ін.) І Гірський masses (Mongun-Taiga і ін.) , Kanskaya i ін.).
Visokogіrnі ridges and massivi roztashovuyutsya head rank on the descent and in the early descent. Ridges of 4000 m rise: Katunsky (up to 4506 m), Saylyugem (up to 3499 m), Pivnichno-Chuysky (up to 4177 m). Values along the height of the ridge: Pivdenno-Chuisky (up to 3936 m), Pivdenny Altai (up to 3483 m), Chikhacheva (up to 4029 m), Tsagan-Shibetu (up to 3496 m) and Shapshalsky (up to 3608 m). The high mountainous relief leads to the inclinations of the Mongun-Taiga massifs (3970 m).
Visokogir'ї is characterized by state-to-top ridges, steep (20-50 ° or more) grabs and wide bottoms of valleys, vikonany by moraine or occupied by ice dwellers. Widely rooted landslide-ossipnias were grasped, formed intensively against gravitational processes. Expansion of ice-cream forms of relєfu: hazel, ice-cold circuses, trogs, carlings, moraine valleys and ridges. The middle and low ridge ranges are located in the main at the beginning and at the beginning of Altai.
Among them are the most significant: Terektinsky (up to 2926 m), Aigulaksky (up to 2752 m), Long (up to 2618 m), Listvyagi (up to 2577 m), Narimsky (up to 2533 m) and Baschelaksky (up to 2423 m) ridges.
In the middle of the Alpine rice, the relief is fragmentary. Overwhelming wide massive inter-worlds with concatenation and plateau-like peaks, de-development cryogenic processes, and producing up to the establishment of curums and altitudes. There are karst forms of relfu. Rikhok valleys are often vuzka steep gorges and canyons with a height of 500-1000 meters. The peripheral low mountains of Altai are characterized by a remarkably small sectioning of the ice (up to 500 m) and gentle grafts. The valleys are wide, flat-bottomed, with a kindly curving complex of terraces.
On the flat tops, fragments of the ancient surfaces of the virivnyuvannya have been preserved. The bottoms of the valleys occupied by the ravines of the proluvial hikes and moraine amphitheaters, revive the end of the trough valleys. On the descent of Altai, the bottoms of the valleys were accelerated by thermokarst forms.
Geological budova and korisny kopalini.
Altai grows in the boundaries of the Paleozoic Altai-Sayan fold region of the Ural-Okhotsk rugged belt; is a foldable system that has been established by the Precambrian and Paleozoic comrades, intensively dislocated in the Caledonian era of tectogenesis and the Hercynian era of tectogenesis. In the post-Paleozoic hour, the hrynicho-folding is used to construct the boules, rounded and transformed into a denudation rivnina (peneplain).
Due to the peculiarities of geological budovy and the conclusion of the fold, the Caledonian Girskiy Altai is being developed at the first visit (the loan is close to 4/5 of the whole territory) and the Hercynian Rudny Altai at the first visit. Anticlinors of the Gir Altai (Kholzun-Chuysk, Talitsk and іn.)
Imposing traps and graben (the greatest great - Korgon) are vicinities with molasses of the Middle Ordovician - the lower Silurian and the Devonian ear. Introduced breakthroughs by late Devonian granites. In the borderlands of the Rudny Altai, where the Volodya Caledonian basement, the rocks of the volcanoplutonic association of the Middle Devonian - Early Carboniferous and Late Paleozoic Granite are widely expanded.
At the Oligocene-quarter hour, Altai has been growing up, tied with the regional squeezes of earth measles, wikklicks are surrounded by the lithospheric microplites (Dzhungarskiy, Tuvinskiy-Mongolian).
The formation of the large type of structure was added to the type of the great plant, which, on the remaining stages, the development of the deformations by the system of razviviv, as a result of which in the central and new parts a series of blocks of morphostructures was established in the heights of the large Instrumental spares fix the vertical destruction of earth measles, the speed of the reach of decile centimeters on the river. The increase is carried out unevenly, supervised over the paths, which will summarize the asymmetry of the ridges.
Altai is one of the most seismically active internal regions of the world.
One of the largest seismic disasters (9-10 points) occurred in the high-mountainous Kosh-Agachsky district on September 27, 2003. From the trail of ancient catastrophes (paleoseismodislocation).
The main riches of the Altai nadr are stored in the genus of noble metals and pyrite lead-zinc-copper-barite ores (Korbalikhinskoe, Ziryanovsk and іn.). In Girskiy Altai there are genera of mercury, gold, gold, tungsten-molybdenum ores.
For a long time, there have been genera of stones, virobes, marmuru. Є thermal mineral dzherela: Abakansky Arzhan, Belokurіkhіnsky and ін. Altai climate is continental in front of the mountains, sharply continental in the inner and inner parts, where it is located in the inner latitudes and significant distances from the oceans.
The winter of Suvor and Trial (from 5 months in front of mountains to 10 months in high mountains), due to which the Asian anticyclone was infused. Average temperature from the warehouse (in front of the warehouse) from -15 to -20 ° С; on the pivnichny descent of Trocha Vishche and on the shores of Lake Teletskoye, reaching -9.2 ° С; in the valleys, many temperature inversions, drop to -31.7 ° C.
The minimum temperature record is -60 ° C (in the Chuysk steppe). A wide development is tied to the strong Vyholazhivanіe of bagatorіchny mezlіh generations, the urge to become mіtsіtsі up to decіlkoh hundreds of meters. Summer is sometimes short (up to 4 months), slightly warmer. The average temperature of the lime tree rises from 22 ° С (at the front of the mountains) to 6 ° С at the high mountains; in the gates and in the early front of the mountains, the mobility is up to 35-40 ° C and more.
For the middle and low-altitude, the characteristic value is 14-18 ° C. The frost-free period at a height of up to 1000 meters does not change 90 days, while 2000 m is practically a day. Fall off the tied, the head rank from the backward moisture-carrying streams and rise in the region irregularly by the territory and by the seasons. Exposure asymmetry is clearly rotated, when the winds collapsed, the ridges, especially the peripheral periphery, were seen significantly more fallen, lower the inner streets.
So, at the high-altitude of the Katunsky and Pivdenno-Chuisky ridges, the fall in rik up to 2000 mm and more, at that time the Yak Kuraisk and Chuyska steppes are carried up to some of the most arid mountains up to 100 mm in Russia. Deficit of vologues in ugovina explains also hangs in flowing mountain-valley vіtrіv - fenіv, especially charging and autumn.
In low mountains and middle mountains, in the middle, 700-900 mm fell on the river. The maximum fall of the seizure is in the summer. I will be able to do it in rural and rural areas and in the high-rise syagє 60-90 cm and more, in the ugoviny - less than 10 cm, and in low rocky hard rock it is practically impossible to accept it.
Near the Altai mountains there are 1,500 ice skaters with an area of close to 910 km2. The maximum expansion is in the Katunsky, Pivdenno and Pivnichno-Chuysky ridges. To the largest lodoviks it is Taldurinskiy, Aktru (Aktur) and Maasha (Masheya), and then 7-12 km.
Richka Katun.
Altai. Teletskoye lake.
Riki and lakes... Altai dismembered with dense hedgehogs (a few tens of thousands) of girski rychok, according to the mode of grazing, are referred to the Altai type: grazing with talim snow waters and lithic boards; we are trivial in springtime.
It is a great part of the rychok to lie down to the Obi basin, offensive to the turn - Katun and Biya - to be found in Altai and in the head water arteries. The branches are drained by the right tributaries of the Іrtish rivulet, and the Bukhtarma rivulet can be seen in the middle. The rivers of the rivnichno-skidny part of Altai (Abakan and іn.) May go to the valley of the rychka Onisei;
The number of lakes in Altai is 7000, with a total area of 1000 km2; most - Markakol and Teletskoye lake. Bagato small (lazychay 1-3 km2 і mensh) ancient glacial lakes often fill the Malovnichi gliboki trough valleys.
At the winter of Altai, there are karst lakes.
tipi landscapes... In Altai, the clarity of landscapes is good. At the lower landscape belt there are steppes, in the middle of the winter with the head rank of meadows, with dilyankas of lis-steppe. On the steppe, they fit a wide belt, growing up to a height of 1000 meters or more, and at the same time the rice of barnacles, which go into napivustels.
3 mountain-steppe creatures of zvicheyny hovrahi, polivka, khomyaki, borsuk; z ptakhiv - steppe eagle, kuprik, boriviter. An analogous viglyad of the steppes in the middles. There are dzeren antelope, Mongolian babak, kitten manul and іn. Near the steppe low mountains, there are viluzheni and opidzolens of black soil, in the valleys there are native dry steppe chestnut and dark chestnut soils.
An insignificant lis-steppe belt of dressings with an exposed asymmetry of hemorrhage and illumination, if on the wilderness of the low mountains there is virosta modrina (birch, wasp or pine), and on the winter - meadows
The fox belt in the Altai mountains perevazhaє. Here you can see the green-taiga forest: dark coniferous, the so-called black taiga from the yalits, yalini and Siberian cedar pines (aka "cedar"), and light coniferous trees from modrini and pine trees.
Among the sackcaps of girskih lisiv types of taiga creatures - wedmid, rice, columns, bilka, musk deer, mazav and іn.; z ptahiv - wood grouse, hazel grouse, nutcracker, woodpeckers, crossbills. The black taiga on deep-podzolic or brown fox-rich soil, rich in humus, is widespread in the western front and on the winter descent.
Pykhtarniki are heavy up to the middle part of the mountain graves, cedar taiga - up to the upper parts. In dark coniferous grasses, the tier has large grasses and high-quality species; pidlisok often occurs during the day or is stored in the ground cover (moss, lichens), to which chagarnikovy and shrub layers can be reached. Larch forests occupy vast expanses in the basin of the middle course of the Katun rivulet, on the Terekti and Kuraisky ridges. pine trees It is not of a park type, but it is widened along the valleys of the Katun and Chulishman rivers.
In light-coniferous forests, there is a versatile herb-chagarnikian layer. Semi-leafy soils, 1700 m, pass into leaf-tundra and green-tundra. The upper boundary of the forest along the height rises from 1600 to 2400 m, here there is a sparse taiga with good grasses, chagarnik and grass-chagarnik tiers. Vishche - cedar and modrinove rіdkolіssya, which is guarded by overgrowths of chagarniks (yerniks) and subalpine onions.
Round-leaved birch, willow, yalivets, kuril tea dominate in the midst of chagarniks. In the warehouse with high grass meadows in rich and valuable species: maral roots, hellebore Lobel, chornytsya, badan and ін. Alpine bows, widened near the high mountains of the western and central regions of Altai, are surrounded by the beaches of the moss-lichen mantle or rocky rossyps. Formations of large grasses, small grasses, cereal-sedge and kobrezivi meadows are seen.
The highlands also have landscapes of subalpine onions, mountain tundra, skeletons, kamyanisty roses, lodoviki and vichnі snigas. A large part of the high mountain is occupied by the Girsk tundra, but there is no great diversity of species. There are meadows, moss-lichens, chagarniki and kamyanist tundri. Vishche 3000 meters of rosetting nival-glacial belt.
In the high-altitude belt, there is a typical Altai pika, girsky goat, snow leopard, pivnichny deer. A special type of intrazonal landscapes in Altai are bogs, widening all over the place on flat interirch and flat areas.
Particularly protected natural territories. 5 Ob'ktyv Altai (Altai reserve, protected smuga near Teletskoye Lake, Katunsky reserve, natural park Bilukha and Zone of calm Ukok), called the Golden Mountains of Altai, included from 1998 until the list of All-Holy Decline.
Natural landscapes and surrounding monuments of nature are also protected in the Markakol reserve. A number of reserves have been established.
About the economy of Altai marvel in the articles Altai Territory, Altai (Republic of Altai) and Tuva.
History of the message and the last time.
Zagalny characteristic of Altai relєfu
The first sciences until the last half of the 18th century in Altai, if at the start of the boulevard ore genera and prompted the first melting backwaters. Russian migrants, in the main peasant-factory and state peasant, arrived in Altai in the middle of the 18th century. The first Russian settlements, including the Old Believers, became the winicatians in the 1750s-70s, the leading rank in the valleys of the middle current of the river. The upper rychok began to settle near the 19th century, mainly by Kazakh nomads from China and Kazakhstan.
In 1826 K.F. In 1828 rotsi boules revealed rosipny genera of gold. In the 1st half of the 19th century, geological preliminaries were carried out by P.A. Chikhachov (1842), G.Y. Shchurovsky (1844) and engineers of the Girsky household. In the 2nd half of the 19th century in Altai, there were numerous expeditions, including Russian geographic suspensions, Academy of Sciences, in the warehouses of some boules V.A.
Recovering from the 1920s, the planned development of nature in Altai was carried out: large-scale topography, geological development, as well as the natural resources in conjunction with the development of the Gyrskoy promislovosty, hydroenergetics and the Silskoy government.
Lit.: Kuminova A.
V. Roslinny pokriv Altai. Novosib., 1960; Mikhailov N.I. Gori Pivdenny Sibir. M., 1961; Gvozdetsky N.A., Golubchikov Yu.M. Gori. M., 1987.
S. A. Bulanov.
Geographical position of Altai
The Altai Republic is located in two main regions: in Western Siberia and Central Asia, as it is located in the center of the Russian Federation, as well as between three other main regions: Mongolia and China. The situation is important for the economy and for the climatic mind in the region.
Geography of the Altai Territory
In the letter dzherels of ancient Indians, the region is called "the hand of the earth", really, the region is located on the most popular cities from the worlds of the Holy Oceans and is located in the same latitudes, as well as Astana and Lviv.
Visiting from the sea and oceans and the experience of being in pivnichniy Pomirniy Zonesє characteristics of the geographical position of the region.
As for the size of the territory, the republic is borrowing a third month in the Russian Federation, borrowing 90 thousand square kilometers of land, or 1.2 times the territory of the country. In the regions of the mountainous-steppe, high-mountainous and mountainous landscapes.
Altai mountains include combs, which make the rychok Іrtisha and іniseya water, as well as the area of zero skidding in the rivers of Central Asia. sami high mountains- Katun can be reached at 3-4 thousand meters and covered by ice hobbyists. In the middle of the mountain, the high and wide river valleys of the mid-river rapids, which in the meantime are shaped by ridges, and the overlap of cyclones, which surround the raptus change of temperature in the valleys.
More than half of the territory of the region is occupied by forests, which is an important mechanism for cleansing food on the planet;
The basins of thousands of lakes, the largest of them are Lake Teletskoye, one of the most popular in Russia and become a symbol of Altai.
On the bagatokh small rychki SNIGOV LODOVIKI and lіtnі boards also єrelfom and climate in the region;
Tі zh rychki є the reason for the choric twists in the republic.
Through the non-guest position in the region and the visibility of the mountainous regions in the region of the very rich, to bring in contrasting climatic minds. The stench will catch the distance to the Atlantic and the central part of Russia. In the Altai Mountains, there are practically all climatic zones from the tundra to the subtropics. Temperature and airiness in the adjacent valleys can vary greatly. In general, the region is characterized by hot, cold and cold winters, it is accompanied by short and warm, sometimes hot summer.
Characteristically geographic position was formulated by the Tsikavi natural complexes with unique roslinny and food light.
Part of the land is reserved for especially protected natural territories- Reserve Altai and Katunsky, as well as reserves, natural parks and monuments of nature. Five lists were included before the UNESCO List of All Holy Holies.
Latitude: 48 ° 18'09 "Mon. lat.
Dovgota: 89 ° 30'56 "skidnoї dovgoti
Visota above the sea level: 2139 m
Coordinate Altai in tens of degrees
Latitude: 48.3027200 °
Dovgota: 89.5155700 °
Coordinate Altai in degrees and dozens of khvili
Latitude: 48 ° 18.1632 'Mon
Dovgota: 89 ° 30.9342 'skidnoї dovgoti
All coordinates pointing in the all-round coordinate system WGS 84.
WGS 84 is a member of the GPS Global Positioning and Navigation System.
The coordinates (latitude and depth) are the beginning of the position of the point on the surface of the Earth. Coordinates are є by weight values. The canonical form of the given coordinates is degrees (°), chilini (') and seconds ("). GPS systems widely use coordinates in degrees and dozens of chilines or in tens of degrees.
The latitude is taken from -90 ° to 90 °. 0 ° is the latitude of the Equator; -90 ° - latitude of the Pivdenny Pole; 90 ° is the latitude of the Pivnichniy Pole. Positive values of the first latitude (points on the first half of the square, quickly mon.sh. or N); negative - paved latitude (points on the day from ekvodora, fast pdsh.abo S).
When it is seen from the zero meridian (IERS Reference Meridian in the WGS 84 system) and the value is taken from -180 ° to 180 °. The positive values of the transitional ones (quicker SD or E); negativnі - zhіdnіy dovotі (fast west or W).
The height above the sea level will show the height of the point of the well-known water level of the sea. Mi vikoristovuєmo digital model of visot
The great and beauty of the mountain has long attracted tourists, alpine climbers, spraglikhs, miserables for hostile photographs of mountains, artists, geographers, people of the past from the provinces for a long time.
First impressions, vivchiv root name gori Bilukha - Sapozhnikov. Win stverdzhuvav, so the name "Biluha" became through a great number of snow on the mountains.
Mount Bilukha can also be named, ancient Türkic: Kadin-Bazh, interpreted as a yak mountain, roztashovana on the turn of the Katun rivulet, Ak-Suru to turn over yak, Musdutuu is a mountain with ice, Uch-Airi is a mountain, rounded in three straight lines. Name all of them in a simple way to characterize the summit.
Roztashuvannya ta relєf
Mount Bilukha hangs over the mountains of Altai and Siberia, at a height of 4506 m. The geographic coordinates of Bilukha are 49.8 degrees in winter latitude and 86.59 degrees in the middle. Mount Bilukha on the map can be seen as a nest from the nearby Katunsky ridge, stretching in the middle of Altai.
Photo: "GoraBeluha" by participant Elgin Yuri
The summit of Kadin-Bazh is located on the cross-section of three giloks of the sub-demolished section of the head ridge, which is located on the water pools. The summit is located on approximately the same distance from the shores of three oceans, and it is the central mountain of the majestic continent. Mount Bilukha is a majestic, strained girsky massif.
The mountain is 200 meters in length, perevischuє susіdnі hіrskі ridges. Behind the area of the Bilukha massif, Tabin-Bogdo-Ola was rounded up, and the spreading between Russia and Mongolia. Mount Bilukha is surrounded by itself along the Katunskiy ridge, at the same time it is parallel to the growth of the Katun. The ridge of the water at the viglyadi kulis is booming along the height from the Argut and Katun to the top of Kadin-Bazh.
hydrology
Richkova edge, which is curved and navkolishnє Katunsky ridge, including the valley great rivers Katun, scho stretched across the entire Altai, scho falls into her right-handed Argut i Kok-su. Richkovi streams in their greatness flow into the Katun, which takes the vitik from the lodovik Gebler. Immediately fix: Kucherla, Akkem, Idigem. Lead Biliy Berel to climb to the first meeting of Biluha's school and live on Bukhtarma's little river.
Richkas, which flow through the lodoviks of Bilukhi, are included in the rychkovy type of authorities in Altai. Harchuvannya tsikh richok lodovikov, and only in deyakiy world - board. The maximum water capacity of the rivulet can be reached in lіtnіy period, In the first place, the fate of the decline. Girski rychki are leaking strongly, and sometimes they are breaking down the water.
There is a wonderful waterfall under the name of the river on the river, and it also flows into the Katun on the right. The lakes in the Bilukhi region, as a rule, are Karovian or roztashovany in the trough valleys. The stench was born as a result of long-standing ice-cream performance. Most of them are: Great Kucherlinskoe and Lower Akkemskoe.
Geology, tectonics and hiking
Mount Bilukha is composed of middle and upper Cambrian rocks. Bagato varieties are represented by shale and sandy outcrops. The menshy world has a conglomerate presence.
Territory of the array of witnessing post-ruinous destruction in earthly crust To talk about the obviousness of breakdowns, numerical breakdowns and breakdowns in girskikh breeds... Shil Bilukhi, bestiality to Akkem, I’m cool and bad. Seismic activity up to 7-8 points is typical for the Bilukhi region.
Drobnі to the earthworm here can be seen every time. As a result, avalanches and avalanches collapsed, breaking the integrity of the crooked cover. Three hours in the Paleogene and Neogene, the territory is subdued to a gradual and intensive growth, as it is usually until the ninth hour.
The rise quickly slipped into the relief - everything is high here, it goes up to the quarter-type folding, the depressions grow through the mountains, and the navkolishny ridges went up 2.5 km at the height. On the area there is an array of skelny and hoarse surfaces and ice-covered ice. The rate of grains collapses due to the flow of frequent villages and the descent of the bulk of the mass.
climat
Climatic minds to the Bilukhi area are unfriendly for life, characterized by a trivial winter period with low temperatures and a cool, unrepentant wind, stretching out like walking the boards.
Climate change in the fallowness from the mountainous zonation, from the valleys around the climate, growing at a small height to the non-valleys of the mountain peaks. Keeping an eye on the weather is conducted from two points Akkem and Karatyurek at altitudes 2050 and 2600.
Lipneva temperature in the valleys there, the end of the zone was 8.3 C, and on the tops near the plateau viglyadi 6.3 C. At the top of the peaks the temperature is -20 C. Winter temperatures rise to -21, 2 C. birch up to -4 С. Specific indicators of falloff for cich stations - 512-533 mm.
Snow began to fall at a height of 3 to 3.2 km above the sea level. The normal belt of Bilukhi falls down 1000 mm in the river. It's blowing here, the power of the mountains is in the air, and there is also a damn about it - warm in the air.
lodoviki Bilukhi
Belukhinsky district has 169 lodoviks, which occupy the array. Zagalna squareїх become 150 square kilometers. There are half of all ice skins of the Katunskiy ridge, and 60% of the entire area of this crooked shell.
M.V. Throne in the form of ice floes in a specific type, with the peculiarities of such є: rosetting of the mountain at a great height, a high circle of ice streams, laying the lower edges on the low hills in the valleys, on the top of the valleys
In cikhs, 6 majestic lodoviks, middle є, names for the honor of Sapozhnikov, were used, while the winners were the most in Altai, 10.5 kilometers were taken, the surface area was 13.2 square kilometers. Among the ice masses of Biluhi, there are no suttas of the ages, and of the winter and early graves, as in the glacial districts.
The reason for this specialness is that during the winter there are more atmospheric falloffs and the tannins tend to be shorter than on the darkened and dry snowballs. Lead to collapse from the middle class from 30 to 50 meters in the river. Nayvischa svidkist is fixed on the icebreaker Brothers Gromovikh, at the lower edge of the ice the ice reaches 120 meters in the river. On the mountains of Belukha, avalanches often descend through the accumulation of snows to reach the smallest dilenks.
goodness
The Belukhinsky massif has a great versatility in connection with it, both in and out of the city districts. Golovniy dilyanka of the ridge, which is carried to the Katunskiy high-mountainous area, a lot of forest masses.
The zone of the line is within reach of 2 kilometers, on ancient and late grafts up to 2.2 kilometers, and a greater development of the swelling on the winter school. There is a fragmentary fossil belt in the area of the ancient skyla.
At the bottom of the implicit cordon, the dark coniferous leaves are roasted, the yalin and Siberian yalitsa are de-fermented, as well as cedar. Є modrin і wood, folded leaves - birch і hump. The middle of the chagarnikovs is meadowsweet, honeysuckle, caragana. Chim vishche, tim often cedar grows.
distributed: Geography
Methods and Formation of Initial Activity:
Duration of the lesson:
- Vivchiti head of the geographic position of the Altai Territory.
- Introduce an understanding about geography of geography as a warehouse part of geography.
- Development of cleverness and navichki characterize geographic position. Razvivati navichki and vminnya robots with cards, tables.
- Zakrіpiti vminnya and tips of schoolchildren to calculate geographic coordinates.
- To accept the form in the place of self-determination, to acquire the theoretical knowledge earlier.
- Vihovuvati feel love before native land and pride in her.
Basic knowledge and memory. Understanding the "geographic position", the particularities of the geographic position of Ukraine, in the absence of the origin of the geographic coordinates of the objects on the map and virahovuvati are in degrees and kilometers parallel and meridian.
Practical robot: Value of geographic coordinates extreme points the edge and the length from the winter to the afternoon and from the approach to the skid in degrees and kilometers. Applied to the contour map of extreme points of the edge, between the edge, between the districts. Designated Susіdnіh Territories.
Ustatkuvannya: political and administrative map of Russia, physical map of Altai Krai, Atlas of Altai Krai, photographs with types of natural objects in the Krai.
Lesson plan:
- Characteristics of the geographical position of the region, between the Altai region.
- Administrative and territorial subdivision of the region.
- Practical for robot number 1. Storing contour maps.
- Pids bags for the lesson.
Go to lesson
I. Organizational moment.
II. Vyvchennya news by those.
1. Introductory word of the reader. Photographs with views of nature in the Altai Territory. (Dodatok 1)
"I love and I know. I know and I love.
I love him more, than I know more beautifully. "
Yuriy Kostyantinovich Ofremov.
"Our nature is a chain of riches and beauty.
Altai has a special road to the screen ".
V. Pєskov.
"Siberia is one to one? Ice can be used to this charm. The most beautiful climate, I take the place of roztashuvannya, zroshuvane majestic, proud, calm Ob. All the edge is one with blessing not only in Siberia, ale and in all."
So, writing on the sheets of M.M. Speransky - Governor-General of Siberia, staying in Barnaul in Serpni 1820 r
"The land is majestic, beautiful with the sleepy name of Altai, the wisdom and wisdom of the Bagaty peoples and cultures have come to the fore. The whole land of men of men and fantastic possibilities, and that means, it is just admiration for the prosperity."
A.A. Surikov.
Altai Territory of Statements on May 28, 1937. In 1991, the Gorno-Altayska Republic (from 1992 - Republic of Altai) was seen in its warehouse. Our region - the Altai Territory - is located in the center of the most important continent of the Earth - Eurasia. The very name "Altai" comes from the Turkic-Mongolian heirs and means "Zoloti Gori". The Altai land is beautiful, the diverse landscapes, the glory, the twisted light, the rich land with cinnamon copalins, monuments of nature and the history of people.
Ale є, on the very edge of the Altai region, there are miraculous kutochkas, de, mute, wonderfully, selected in unrepeatable beauty. Altai Territory of embroidery in the center of the most important continent of the Earth - Eurasia. In the first place, there is a small area of the Western Siberian Rivne and the most significant part of the Altai Gir Region.
Mandrivnik know here the mirror-like expanse of emerald lakes and the majestic expanse of the rose-colored steppes, which will delight the eye of birch trees, forest trees from pine, modrini, cedar. A thick little rychok cut through our earth.
Great reserves of natural resources, Altayska khlibna Niva, the state's gift is the basis of the deserved glory and popularity of the land. From the annexes to Altai, the great life of cosmonauts and writers, noble landowners and gardeners, artists, politicians, and teachers came to visit. At important rocky, our fellow countrymen stood up in battle formation and bravely seized Batkivshchyna from the hordes of the enemy.
Altai is an important economic region of Russia with Silskoy Gospodarstvo and great versatile industry.
Altai - birch trees with Kukushkin in tears in the outskirts of a native village, taunnichi tracts with traces of rain, kilki with wild cherry and Kalini, schnitsky galyavin, zivist rychka, beaver huts on its banks, meadows of taiga and meadows.
Bagato malovnichi mіsts in Altai - Teletskoe lake and Karakol lakes, Chuysky tract і steadfast river Katun, girskі gorges and covered with ice dwellers Bіlukh:
Nevimovna tse land - Girskiy Altai. The pristine nature and lack of character of nature, Suvoriy klimat and miscellaneous, grow and bear fruit of the Alma-Ata apple, large mountains and openings of the lake, burrowing girly rivers and alpine bows. I blue - blue in dozens of types. Wonderful beauty of the nature of Gir Altai. Singingly, tourists go uphill behind the cim podiv and go uphill, swim along the boisterous rivers on rafts and catamarans, walk along the straight skeletons and go down into the high mountains of the caves.
Altai is also famous for its old history, for its revolutionary, fighting and labor traditions. Here the guerrillas heroically fought against Kolchak for an hour of tremendous warfare, and the communes fought on the Altai land. Thousands of inhabitants of Altai fought at the fronts, and miraculous laborers approached the success of the Great Victory Day.
Zaraz Altai is a great tourist area, where thousands of tourists are welcome. A lot of people are welcomed because of the cordon, so they can smack all the beauty with their eyes, it’s hard to describe them with words, or convey them with gestures, or remember them in photographs. It is necessary to know, it is necessary to see and see on your own. Interes to Altai in growth with skin rock. There is a great tourist attraction on the edge.
2. Characteristics of the geographic location of the region.
- The introduction of the understanding "geograichne kraєznavstvo" (Dodatok 2).
- Talk about those who see the Altai Territory on the maps of the land, like the razmiri. (Dodatok 3).
- Peculiarities of the geographic position of the region (analysis of the political and administrative picture of the Altai region, supplements 4 and 5):
a) alignment for the area with the other powers
b) a dinner from a pivnichi on a weekday, from a visit to a skid, a dinner to a cordon, vidi cordoniv (a robot with an atlas of Altai Territory, entries in a zoshit)
c) near-cordon territory (a robot with an atlas)
d) positive and negative rice EGP edge (of the robot in the table).
Table number 1
Assessment of EGP Altai Territory
3.Administrative-territorial subdivision of the region (a robot with a political-administrative card of the Altai Territory).
Would you like to enter districts to the edge of the warehouse?
Know on the map the area in which you live.
Zakimi districts of the Altai region between the Pavlovsky district?
In the yaky natural-state district of the Altai Territory include Pavlovsky district?
Name and show on the map of the Altai Territory?
III. Close.
1. Rabat with maps and atlases. Besida. [Map of Altai Territory, Pavlovsky District on the map of Altai Territory]
- know the Altai Territory on the map of Russia;
- name and show on the map, with various sub'ekts of the Russian Federation between the Altai Territory;
- visually go to the nearest sea;
2. A practical robot. In the course of explaining the new material, scientists will immediately send a message to the robot on contour map Altai Territory (Dodatok 6).
Zavdannya 1. Draw a circle around the cordon of the Altai Territory.
Zavdannya 2. Identify the star extreme points, by the value and signature and geographic coordinates.
Write down the names of the near-Cordon sub'єks of the Russian Federation and independent powers, with which our region is located.
Start 4. The length in degrees and kilometers from the beginning of the day, from the approach to the highway.
Best length:
- from pivnochі for a day it is close to 500 km.
- from the approach to the highway about 560 km.
For the conversion of the mastery of the new material, it is possible to propose a response to the nutritional test.
Geography of the region
1. Does the word "Altai" mean? (The word "Altai" of the Mongolian walker means "gold-bearing").
2. Yaka area of the Altai Territory? (167.85 thousand square meters).
3. Name the capital of the Altai Territory. (M Barnaul).
4. Skіlki mіst in Altai Krai? (12 - Barnaul, Bijsk, Novoaltaisk, Rubtsovsk, Belokurikha, Slavgorod, Kamyn-na-Obi, Zarinsk, Aleysk, Yarove, Zmeinogorsk, Girnik).
5. Skilki administrative districts on the territory of Altai Territory? (60).
6. Yaka number of the population of the Altai Territory. (2562 yew. Chol - 2003 r).
7. Name the adjacent areas. (Novosibirsk, Kemerovo oblast; Kazakhstan: Pavlodarska, Semipalatinsk, Skhidno-Kazakhstan oblast, Republic of Altai).
8. What powers can they settle on the territory of the Altai Territory at once? (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Portugal).
9. Name the health resorts of the Altai Territory, what is the significance of the zagalnoros? (M Belokurikha, m Yarove).
10. Yaka is close to the length of the place Biyska udovzh rychok Biya and Obi? (40 km).
11. Name the month of evil three great rivers of the Altai Territory? (C. Odintsovka).
12. Name the rivers of the Altai Territory, as they do not flow into the ocean? (R. Kulunda, R. Burla).
13. Name the great lakes of our land? (Kulundinskaya, Kuchukskoe, Girke).
14. Is there water tourism behind the bright rivers of the Altai Territory? (R. Pishchanka, R. Biya, R. Katun).
15. In the Altai Territory there will be an All-Russian Tourist and Razvazhalny Complex. In what area and in what village will there be incentives? (C. Solonivka - Smolensk region).
IV. Pidsumok. Visnovki.
- Hello, have you seen new things for the current year? (Vidpovidi scholars)
- Show on the map, how the bullets were guessed at the lessons? (Scientifically showing geographic objects).
V. Homework.
repeat original material... Pidgotuvati characteristic of the geographical position of the Pavlovsky region.