Particularly protected natural territories of the Trans-Baikal Territory. Ecological problems of the Trans-Baikal Territory. Endemics and Relics
Especially protection of natural
territory of Transbaikal (SPNA)
For 1 worm of 2014 in the natural reserve fund of the Trans-Baikal Territory presented
2 natural biosphere reserves,
2 national parks, 1 nature park,
18 reserves,
65 memorials of nature.
especially protection natural territories borrow 5.42% of home area region.
On the territory of the territory there are 7 protected areas of federal status:
biosphere reserves "Daursky" and "Sokhondinsky";
National Park "Alkhanay" and "Chikoy";
nature reserves "Tsasucheyskiy Bor" and "Valley of the Dzeren";
monument of nature "Lodoviki kodari".
In addition, 600 objects of geological decline have been revealed: stratigraphic, paleontological and minerological. Particularly protected natural territories in the Transbaikal region are irregularly generated, for example, in such areas as Tungira-Olekminsky, Mogochinsky, Chernishevsky, Nerchinsky, Shilkinskaya, Tungokochyanskiy, Olovsky
By the Decree of the Uryad of the Russian Federation dated the 28th fierce 2014 rock in the Trans-Baikal Territory, in the boundaries of two previously existing reserves (federal "Burkal" and regional "Atsinskiy", on the lands of the fossil fund)National Park"Chikoy" zagalnaya area of 666.5 thousand hectares. The National Park "Chikoy" has been created according to the Park to allow the preservation of unique natural complexes in the upper part of the Chikoy rivulet - the standard ecosystem of cedar forests and the new Siberian steppe taiga, with alterations of meadows. The territory of the national park is included in the boundaries of the Baikal natural territory. The National Park has a wonderful recreational potential: the self-made culture of the Old Believers, the unique archaeological provinces, the historical and cultural self-confidence of the territory, the kind of natural minds.
Creation 11 Chest 1973 for the protection and vivchennya of wild natural complexes of the Pivdenny Transbaikal. Roztashovaniye on the territory of three administrative districts: Kirinsky, Krasnochikoysky, Uletovsky. The status of the biosphere was assigned for the decisions of UNESCO from 15.02.1985 r Chikoy (the extreme periphery of the Baikal-Oniseysky basin) and the waves of the rychok, which carry their own water to the Pacific Ocean. The territory is characterized by a dense rychkovy fringe. The outlying area of the reserve will become 210988 hectares.
Sokhondinsky reserve of rosetting in Central Transbaikalia, on the wintery periphery of the Hentey-Chikoysky plateau. Before the territory of the reserve, enter the Goltsov massif in Sokhondo, which is the best part of the reserve.
The dominant type of lineage in the reserve is the fossil one, the most important is Listvennoye and Kedrovo-Listvennoye. Flat high water bodies are occupied by dark-coniferous forests, de perevazhaє cedar. The peaks of the waters of the forestless, cover the mountain tundra. Girnicho-schilov steppe in the reserve of marginal, may the upper boundary of its widening and penetrate to reach a high level in the fox belt, occupying the lower part of the baptismal schilia.
The main objects of protection of food: sable, red deer, borsuk, roe deer, elk, wild boar, musk deer, Kamyaniy capercaillie, bila kurіpka, hazel grouse, black grouse, bearded kurіpka, girsky konik, alpіyska accentor, lenokBukukun lake.
Botanical ob'kti protect -Rozhev's family, Yalivets Kozatsky, Tsibulya Altaysky, Dwarf watercloth, Spherical crochet, Smooth wines, Brindle worms, Bilokvitkovy twigs, Pennsylvanian lilia, Dwarf dwarf lily, Apricot sapling.
From the wild species of tvarto, it means that the snow leopard, manul, white-tailed eagle, daurian crane, demoiselle crane, black crane, as well as the wood grouse, black grouse, black grouse, black grouse, black grouse, black grouse, black grouse scarecrow.
See here and primary objects inanimate nature, Such as char Sokhondo, high-mountainous lakes and most of those - Bukukunskoe and Ulyurtui, moraine lakes Naryan and Ugdiri, light water, which brewed the pools of Pivnichniy Idovitogo and Pacific oceans... On the territory of the reserve there are some Arshay most important of them - Endinskiy, Ingodinskiy, Agutsakanskiy.
Roztasovaniye on pіvdnі Chita oblastі vdovzh sovereign cordon Russia from Mongolia, June 25, 1987 on the site of the federal reserve "Tsasucheyskiy-Toreyskiy".
Wetlands and humpbacks of the steppe are a typical landscape of the whole territory to be protected. The largest part of the reserve is Lake Barun-Torey, there are 10 islands nearby. Rivn water in lakes and a number of islands are not permanent. The head is rich in great colonies of birds (gulls, mallards, chapels, cormorants, geese, etc.). Naybilsh tsikava colony of relic gulls, one of the most famous ones. Barun-Torey I will set up one system with the Zun-Torey lake. The offense of the lake with the lower reaches of the Іmalka і Uldza, which flows into the Barun-Torey, is included in the list of wetlands of international significance (Ramsar convention). The ecosystems of the reserve, especially the coastal zone, fluctuate in the fallowness of the lake.
For a reason, one can see from the lake part of the reserve of the skelny massif “Adon-Chelon”, which in the Buryat word means “herd of horses of stone”. Malovnichi granite remnants-skeletons, how the twins fell asleep in the craziest bush, or the giants fell asleep, the grass-grass of the meadow steppe, the shrieks of the shepherds, how to nest in the skeletons, create a unique enchantment. To enter the warehouse of the reserve and dilyanka of an island pine forest, formed by a rare species of a pine tree - the Krilov pine, ideally attached to life in the arid steppes of Transbaikal.
To live in the outskirts of the reserve 6 species of cranes, 3 of which 4 (Daurian, Belladona, Syrii and Japanese) nest, and two (Siberian Crane and Black Crane)
will be on the spill or summer. Toreyskaya ulogovina is the best place of the year and the purchase of free and smart birds. Among them, the number of demoiselle crane reaches 30,000.gazelle antelope
... Bagati flora and fauna, malovnichi landscapes and milky beaches of the Torey lakes will attract a lot of people. During the year, according to the protected zones of the reserve and monuments of the nature of the Prionony, the sportsmen of "Daursky" laid 5 excursion routes, two to the center for visitors. All routes are combined, car-driven.
Created in 1998 by ROCI. It is located in the Chita region on the ancient school of the Mogoytuy ridge, on the territory of the Duldurginsky district of the Aginsky Buryat Autonomous Okrug, 250 km away in the north-facing administrative center - m Chiti. Zagalna area of the national park - 138,234 hectares, the security zone - 105,355 hectares. The National Park "Alkhanay" is designed for the protection and recreation of the mountain-taiga landscapes of Transbaikal, as well as for the protection of the cult places of the Buryat people.
The territory is given є a mid-mountainous land with absolute heights of 1000-1200 m below the sea level. In total on the territory of the park there are more than 340 species of roslin ( gorobina sibirska, cedar elfin, daurian rhododendron, bogno marsh, modrina, cedar і ін.), in the middle of them there are close to 180 zasosuvannya in the official and national medicine. Bagato and і rіdkіsnykh and і okoronyuvannyh roslin (Siberian apricot, astragalus of overretin, Siberian barberry, velikokvitkova sliver that in. in total 16 views). Until now, 165 species of comas, 2 species of amphibians, 4 species of reptiles, 95 species of birds, 23 species of animals have been seen on the territory of the park. Among them, they are born and protected є: Bilyavka Barbarisova is distant, Eufemus, Eufemus, Chetverikov's trout, supernatural snake, Black lelek, Bean goose, Whooper swan, Upland Buzzard, Golden eagle, Peregrine Falcon, Great CraneA species warehouse of ribs in the water of the national park there are 18 species, the middle of them are the most valuable єlenok, harius, taimen .
On the territory of the national park there are 6 geological monuments of nature, such as Onon-Turinsky clay rozlom, gravel terasi, mud volcanoes
і ін. The order in the territory of the park contains a lot of cultic towns and cities connected with the Buryat culture: Alkhanai ooo, the Arshay valley, the remains of Dimchig sum, Dorzhi Pagmin, Dorzhi Pagmin, Naran khazhad, the peak of the Allyn river sporuda (bomkhan) in the valley strumka, kam'yana stele Maanin shuluun. Park "Alkhanay" has great opportunities for the development of interesting tourism. 
sanctuaries appeared on the map of the Skhidny Transbaikal in 1960-і rock. Most of them are zoological and are used for sparing Mislivsko-industrial resources. After the end of the deputy term (call 10 rock) in them, love is known. Specially for the preservation of the black-capped babak and the sheep in the winter region in the 80s of the XX century. zakazniki Dzhіlіndіnskіy, Ingamakіt and Sakukanskіy, which were fixed in 1998 r The zakazniki are seen for the trivial safe running of food and roselin, the development of complex types of plants for the protection of natural resources. PAs of the central category become a larger part of the protected lands of the Trans-Baikal Territory.
At the edge of the region, in the development of rock, there were both regional and federal reserves. Remaining, on the view of the regional ones, they start without interfering with the term of the day. Until now, there are 20 reserves in the region, three of which have federal status (Burkalsky, Dzeren Valley and Tsasucheysky Bor). Two sanctuaries are located near the protected nature reserve of the higher category (the Tsasucheysky Bor reserve near the Daursky reserve and the Girska step reserve near the Sokhondinsky reserve).
The main reasons for the establishment of the reserves was the need for protection, for the renewal and renewal of the number of small-scale industrial animals and birds, for the protection of the middle of the population, for the protection of these species Bagato zakaznikіv є by the way of living of the native creatures. Reserves of steppe territories become a vinyatok, for example Oldondinsky, Aginska step. On the territory of the republic, the species were recorded before the Chervona Book of Russia, such as the bough, the steppe crane, the black crane, the Daurian crane, the saker falcon, the steppe eagle, the Daurian їzhak, the manul, the dzeren. The main reasons for the establishment of such zakazniks was the need for preservation, updating and renewal of the number of Mislivsko-industrial animals and birds. A special place in the middle of the reserves is occupied by the reserves, roztasovany on the Baikal natural territory. Among them is one reserve of federal significance - Burkalskiy, the complex Ivano-Arakhleiskiy reserve, as well as zoological Butungarskiy and Atsinskiy. Tsi PAs will ensure the safety of biological development in the extreme peripheral periphery of the lake. Baikal.
Reminders of nature.
In the Trans-Baikal Territory, it is especially protected by the territory of the region - there are 64 such objects, and it takes no more than 2% of the stink in the back land of the PZF region. There is only one protected area of the category “Lodoviki Kodari” - it has little federal status. In the middle of the monuments of nature, 10 May is a botanical profile, 15 is a hydraulic one, 22 is a geological one, and 18 is a complex one. Prior to the monuments of the nature of the Trans-Baikal Territory, the following are included:
mineral dzherela : Purelagsky, travertine, Blue, rowing, Garyachiy Klyuch;
lakes: Arey, Arbakalir, Bain-Tsagan, Babinet, Barun-Shіvertui, Bol. і Small. Guzhirnye lakes, Borzinsky Salt-Lake, Gorbunka, Nalegar, Daurskoy, Doroninskoe, Shebeti, Tsagan-Nor (Maltsokskoe), Khaland і ін.;
fading volcanoes xp. Udokan (Aku, Sini, Chepi), Mount Kropotkina and in.;
paleontological fish: Chindantskoe, "Turginsky ribs of Slantsy", Bila Gora;
goosebumps lakes Arakhley,spіlnoti napіvpustelny roselin Lake Nozhiy and Steppe Lake in the Dilbirkhey Pad;
icemen Kodari and the Charskoy Piski tract.
Leisure and health centers and resorts . Transbaikalia has long been famous for its miraculous mineral dzherel and medicinal mud, and according to its political authorities, it is possible to relate to the kind Caucasian lichens. In a given hour, in the borderlands of Transbaikal, 400 mineral dzherels were built, a large part of which could be more important. On the basis of 7 dzherels of the sanatorium.Sanatorium and health resort on the edge of the narakhovu 8 health resorts. Special shanuvannya creep in the population of health-improving places with lukuvalny lake mud, dzherels of likuvalny waters (Arshay) and the emergence of likarsk roslin. Vіdkritі in the 18th and 19th centuries of dzherela in the basins of Chikoya, Biliri, Kiri, Kukі, Yamarovka, Chari continue to serve people. Zgіdno z vimogami nature protection legislation, near dzherel guilty see the zone of sanitary protection. Deyaki lakes with great reserves of mud (such as Arey, Khaland, Guzhirnie lakes, Babin, Borzinsky and іn.). Also, they conceal the status of a protected area in the category of "memorials of nature." In the region, according to the assessment of the resort and recreational resources, the versatility of the versatility in relation to the level of the Pivdenny Crimea, Moldova, Transcaucasia and Amur; landscapes - rіvnya of the Carpathians, Pivdenny Krim, Chornomorsky uzberezhzhya, Priamur'ya. I am looking for an assessment of the sanatorium-resort resources, they got rid of the dzherela of mineral waters and the mountain taiga climate. Behind it, the region can be connected to the Carpathians, the Pivdenny Krim, the Caucasus, the Chornomorsky and Baltic Uzbeks. Order with national parks, resorts can give suttuviy income to the budget of the region.
One of the oldest health-improving centers of Transbaikal є Darasun resort , political powers mineral dzherel which are widely seen far beyond the boundaries of the region. Roztashovany resort in Karimsky district, 120 km on a weekday from Chiti. At the resort, there is carried out the treatment of the heart-and-gut disease, the disease of the intestinal tract and organs in the ruch. By the unique authorities of the Volodymyr and the Mineral Dzherelaresort aCook , Roztashovany 60 km to the west of Chiti. Here you can enjoy the poisoning of the organs of etching. great popularityresort Urguchan , On the other hand, for poisoning organs in the ruch, etching and nervous system vikoristovuyt radonovі baths. The resort of roztashovany in the Baleisky district, in the outskirts of the village. Urguchan is 300 km away on the highway to Chiti. For lіkuvannya zhvoryuvan vikoristovuyut also mineral dzherela in the resortsYamarovka (Krasnochikoy district),Yamkun (Gazimuro-Zavodsky district). There are sanatoriums at all resorts.
Map-scheme of development and distribution of especially protected natural territories
in the Trans-Baikal Territory
Ecology (from the Greek. Oikos - zhitlo, misseperebuvannya) is a whole science about the native house of people, about living quietly, what the population is. In a more strict environment, ecology is a complex scientific direction, as well as vivifying the laws of interaction of the living with the calling minds of their interchange with the help of the dynamic development of the system "Suspension - nature".
At last, the victorious forces of nature and resources had an overwhelmingly spontaneous character: people took the styles from nature, but they allowed their powerful productive forces. Ale the scientific and technical revolution brought people to a new problem - the problem of the interconnection of natural resources, the potential destruction of the dynamically developed system, and in connection with the cim and the need for an unnecessary and unstoppable. Since, in such a rank, the past type of suspension to nature, having a spontaneous (and at the same time, unavoidable) character, in the new minds, the new type is the introduction of a global, scientifically rimmed and injected suspension of nature and Now it became clear that people cannot live in the nature in spite of the laws. Vin opanovuє by her not in the first place, but on the basis of knowledge of the laws. We see a panuvannya over nature, how to swim for the ruin of the breaking of laws, we can only have time's success, wrapped up in the result of unjustified viciousness for nature itself, and for people.
Having infused people into nature, the balance of ecological processes has been created. People got caught up in such problems, as they will clutter him up with a lusty sensation. Prior to them, the atmosphere is difficult to penetrate into the Persha, the wind and soil cover, the chemical contamination of the water basin. In such a rank, as a result of the power, the lyudin entered into a state of protection with the minds of his own knowledge.
The state of the art of assimilating the potential of the global ecological crisis before the need for intelligent harmonization of interactions in the "technology - lyudina - biosphere" system. In the present hour, the global nature of environmental problems in the form of people in the way of misrepresentation, new form yogo self-awareness - ecological evidence. Tse persh for everything means that people are guilty of assimilating themselves as one at their own place before nature.
Among the problems of the ecology, the central place is the borrowing of the natural center and natural resources, which is often due to the power of natural systems. The landscapes of our - Chita region - with all the versatility may be zagalny rice: Low efficiency up to the latest injections, including up to anthropogenic ones, low productivity and more self-renewal. Among the reasons for this are the carrying of the territory above the sea level and the mid-mountainous relief, the growing in the sea of the Asian continent, which amalgamates the vast continental climate. The nadra region has a large number of radioactive genera (uranium and torin) and radon waters. Є geochemical anomalies, scho viclikyut endemic illnesses (ailments of Kashin-Bek, Kesha, Graves and others). All the guesses are lost dovkilla and destruction of natural objects as a result of ill-conceived gosudarstvo and іnshoї dіyalnosti.
Transbaikal Territory population zalizniy doroga
The Trans-Baikal Territory has a special meaning of ecology. Carry out rіznomanіtnі go on cleaning up the region. Seeing great sums on environmental problems, providing new ecologically safe technologies.
Rivne of the obstruction of atmospheric food in the territory of the region is characterized as being very high, high and changeable. Most of the atmospheric weather is more difficult to survive in winter months (leaf fall), especially the place of Chiti (due to its geographical position and winter hour over the Transbaikal anticyclone), the maximum amount of wikids into the atmosphere of an all-important in the Olovyanninsky district, in the Krasnokamensk district, in the Chernishevsky district, which is explained by the economic development of the significant districts. Minimals of Wikids of all importance in the Ononsky district. At the same time, to promote the improvement of wikis in vehicles - the results of the fast environmental monitoring of the region show that other people in the world are now miserably able to accept vehicles that are accepted.
The complexity of the situation can be explained by several reasons.
In the first place, most of the rockets in the region were set up by the most pressing enterprises of the industrial and industrial sector. Some of them are introduced to those who are especially not safe for pouring into nature and lyudin (color metallurgy, naphtha recycling, cellulose-paper and chemical industry). For the bagatokh z cich virobnistv, they didn’t use the clean sporuds during their life.
Another reason is the peculiarity of the natural complex of Skhidny Siberia, which is a very high level of sophistication. Misty meteorological minds are unfriendly for purifying the atmosphere. Winter months are characterized by a large number of windless days, a lot of temperature inversions. The most low temperatures, during the whole hour, are filled with the maximum living conditions of the fire and the most favorable conditions for the atmosphere are increased with the products of the fire.
Rivn in the flow of settlements on the Navkolishnє Sredovishche
It is significant for the flow of settlements in the Trans-Baikal Territory to the navkolishnє middle in order to assess the heritage of human performance and to develop the paths of rationalization of nature conservation in the pre-juvenile territory. For such a value, it is necessary to increase the average ecological density of the population (EPS) by means of correcting the number of the local population to the factor of concentration of the population:
K1 = 1.0; K2 = 1.5; K3 = 2.0,
de K1 - the population size is up to 500 thousand. chol.; K2 - from 501 yew. Up to 1 million Chol.; K3 - ponad 1 million Chol.
Chita: UPSr = 305.8 * 1.0 = 305.8 Krasnokamensk: UPSr = 55.6 * 1.0 = 55.6 Borzya: UPSr = 30.6 * 1.0 = 30.6 Petrovsk-Zabaikalsky: UPSr = 19.9 * 1.0 = 19.9 Nerchinsk: Upsr = 14.4 * 1.0 = 14.4
Viyavimo rіven vpliu (HC) mіskogo settlement on natural middle ground For example, start for the formula: PV = EPsr / KSR, de KSR is a tabular indicator, which will help the ecological situation and the significance of the soil (Kp), atmosphere (Ka), water basin (Kw) of the pre-juvenile area.
KSR = Kp + Ka + Kv / 3 = (1.4 + 1.1 + 1.25) / 3 = 1.25 Chita: HC = 305.8 / 1.25 = 244.64 Krasnokamensk: HC = 55.6 / 1.25 = 44.48 Borzya: HC = 30.6 / 1.25 = 24.48 Petrovsk-Zabaikalsky: HC = 19.9 / 1.25 = 15.92 Nerchinsk: HC = 14.4 / 1.25 = 11.52
It can be seen from the rosters that the greatest inflow on the ecological situation in the region of the city of Chita.
It can be said that the best inflow to the navkolishnє middle of the Trans-Baikal Territory is also the city of Krasnokamensk, which will be explained by a video in the whole place of uranium.
Visually, I will have a ballnew estimate of the sukupnuyu inflow of enterprises of the state gifts of the state on the navkolishn natural center.
Thermal energy: 2 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 0 = 10 Hydroenergy: 1 + 1 + 0 + 1 + 0 = 3 Machinery: 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 = 6 Lisova and woodworking: 2 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 2 = 8 Promise of Budgetary Materials: 2 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 13 Easy Promise: 1 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 0 = 9 Kharchova Promise: 1 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 11 Silske statehood: 3 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 1 = 9 Transport: 1 + 1 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10 Lisovskoe statehood: 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 0 Budding: 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 0 = 4 ZhKG: 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 2 = 12 the most inflow into the middle of the world to control the industrial enterprises of the industrial sector, the industrial sector, the heat and power industry.
ZMINA EKOLOGICHNO SITUATSIЇ Near the Trans-Baikal Territory IN PERIOD W 2006 to 2010
Mikolaeva Anna Georgiyivna
4th year student,
Department of Ecology and e. o. ZabGSPU im. N.G. Chernishevsky, Chita
Voropava Tetyana Volodymyrivna
Naukovy Kerivnik, Candidate of Geographical Sciences, Art. vicladach of the department of ecology and e. o.
ZabGSPU im. N.G. Chernishevsky, Chita
The natural complexes of the region are superbly versatile, lacking in resources, as well as being able to protect the minority and potential generation of Transbaikalians, albeit challenging to anthropogenic injections. The loss of quality in the midst of the midst (the growth of the level of the midpoint, the decrease in the efficiency of the soil and in.) Often associated with the low ecological culture of the population
Trans-Baikal Territory yak sub'Uct of the Russian Federation of animal husbandry in the region of the region, in the region of the international and national agricultural activity of Russia, in order to preserve the unique history of the book of living in the field of registration number of transcordons.
To that, the analysis of the ecological situation in the Trans-Baikal Territory for the rest of the rock is relevant and can become an information base, or the basis of economic, state, investment solutions for the Uryad Territory, various structures, ministries.
When carrying out the robotics, an offensive meta was set: conducting an analytical analysis of the ecological situation in the Trans-Baikal Territory in 2006-2010.
Due to the ecological situation, the concrete camp of the midst of the people is growing up, amazed by the interconnected nature and the stately spirit of the people.
The ecological situation is a spacious-hour-long day for children, including positive and negative ones from the point of view of living, and I will become people of minds and factors, which will create a singing ecological situation on the territory of a positive and unfavorable level of well-being. For the emergence of environmental situations, rely on respect: the establishment of a transposition (set) of environmental problems; spaciousness of localization of ecological problems; The designation of a combination of environmental problems and the introduction of the revealed area to this world of hospitality and environmental situation.
In order to make the ecological situation necessary, it will be necessary to identify a number of officials who have an ecological situation. To this, in our robots, we have identified advancing criteria for the analysis of the ecological situation: the country of the atmospheric weather, the camp of surface and subterranean waters, the establishment of the entrance to and from them.
Results since 2010 to inform you about those, how the rivn of obstruction of the basin of the Trans-Baikal Territory will continue to grow up to the top. The main indicators will indicate that the atmosphere is obstructed in places of the region to indicate that the city of Chita is characterized by the highest average level of atmospheric obstruction, de mid-level in the benz (a) pyrene, having transformed the boundary permissible concentration) in the form of 5.5 times , well-known speeches (saw) - 1.6 times, which is zoomed in by the frequent repetition of meteorological minds that are unfriendly for the development of foreign conversations. Visoka middle vmist benzo (a) pyrene - 4.8 times the type of GDK; Average change of benzo (a) piren was perevischuvala GDK mayzhe 6 times, formaldehyde - 4 times, great words (saw) - 2 times.
The main contributions to the sumarny wikidi of foreign speech from stationary dzherels were made by enterprises for electricity, gas, steam and hot water, as well as enterprises from the video box of brown.
It is a special place in the world to borrow automobile transport, the number of places on the territory of Chiti and the Trans-Baikal Territory is being treated with skin rock, and a lot of wikis are not covered in statistical data. A great role in the complication is to make cars with the great term of exploitation, including the earthly drive, as well as cars with unregulated engines.
For averaging the data, in the surface waters on the territory of the Trans-Baikal Territory (including the rivers of the basins of Lake Baikal, the rivers of Lena and the rivers of the Amur), 5 rockets of the Amur were often re-adjusted during the period of 5 rockets. organic speeches, Z'єdnan mіdі, zinc, manganese, zaliza zagalny, phenols and naftoproducts.
The inconsistency of the quality of water and hygienic standards rychok: Chita, Ingoda, Onon is explained by the lack of cleaned and uncleaned state-owned by-the-river wastewaters in the populations of the city; Argun - skidannyam waste waters in the territory of the PRC; Amazar is a negative influx of gold processing enterprises.
The main reasons for the low quality of drinking water in the region are: trivial anthropogenic obstruction of surface waters; officials of the natural character (alterations in place of water-bearing horizons with poluk zaliza and manganese); visibility or non-destructive camp of sanitary protection zones for water supply; vikorystannya old men technological solutions water preparation in the sinks; the presence of a special service for the exploitation of water supply systems; zd_ysnennya virobnichesky control in a quick communication; unstable water supply; wear-out of water-supply lines.
Underground water and genetic types in the Trans-Baikal Territory are the main water supply source, which prevents more than 90% of the population's need for water in the state-food supply in all districts, behind the winyat of the sparsely populated Tungyr-Oleksandr
Nypotuzhnіshim ob'ktom obrudneniya underground waters in the Trans-Baikal Territory є a series of tailings of the Prіargunskoe PGHO along the Shirondukui pad - the flood tide of the Sukhy pad. Urulyungui. Here, there is a harvested tailings storage facility for a hydrometallurgical and a hydrochloric acid plant (ogarkokhranilishche), on the left side of the valley of a hydrometallurgical and acidic acid plant, a warehouse for hydrometallurgical acid, maydans of a commercial vilugovanny. The total area of the gray tailings storage area is about 65 hectares. Pislya їkh branch of the underground waters along the Shirondukuy valley, moving 8.2 m in the mouth part and 35 m - in the central part. The sumarny obsyag of the turns with the cich waters is estimated in the fringes of 9-10 yew. M 3 / day
Negative inflow to the geological center of the energy complex (thermal power plants and heating plants) is connected with the filtration of industrial waters from the hydrosol disposal areas, as well as the clogging of the underground waters and the thermal water. Tse of hydrosol deposits of Chita, Krasnokamensk, Priargunsk, Sherlovogorsk thermal power plant, Kharanorsk GRES.
So, as the Trans-Baikal Territory is a region of intensive development of the genera of cinnamon copalins, the main reasons for the obstruction of waters are: tailings, filtration of technogenic waters from hydrosol dumps, water-draining in the wilderness.
The situation in the Trans-Baikal Territory will become a foldable one with holy things, vicarious people, foreigners, foreigners and burials from the entrance. Obshchaya vіdhodіv vyrobnitstva and living, as settling on the territory of the Trans-Baikal Territory, chorіchno grow. Most of the visits to the Trans-Baikal Territory were passed in 2007, 2009, and the least - in 2006, 2008 and 2010.
Great enterprises, on which the main mass of visits to the territory of the Trans-Baikal Territory is established, є VAT "TGK-14"; VAT "PIMCU"; VAT "Novo-Shirokinskiy mine"; VAT "Zhirekenskiy GZK"; VAT "Zhirekensky FMZ"; ZAT "Mine Aprelkovo"; ZAT "Novoorlovskaya GZK"; VAT "Silikatna plant"; artіlі prospectors; military intelligence, etc. Big problem represented by a selection and a selection of visits from living areas.
On the territory of the Trans-Baikal Territory, there is a single polygon of solid side-by-side entrances in the town of Krasnokamensk. UMP "Dorkomhoz" is in charge of the operation of the given polygon. In іnshih Silski settlements the edge of the world of entrances is represented by sanctioned heroes.
An analysis of the ecological situation on the territory of the Trans-Baikal Territory, showing how she is stressed out. About the tse to speak everywhere, the sinking of the atmosphere of the atmosphere, surface and underground waters in the Trans-Baikal Territory for all the indicators for 2006-2010 rock. Improving the approval of the entrances and entrances with them.
List of literature:
- The State Dopovid "About the camp and protection of the navkolishnogo center in the Trans-Baikal Territory for 2008 - 2009 fate": - Chita, 2010. - 332 p.
- Additional information about the ecological situation in the Trans-Baikal Territory in 2010: - Chita, 2011. - 196 p.
- Sturman V.I. Ecological mapping: Navchalnyy posibnik/ V.I. Stourman. - M .: Aspect Press, 2003 .-- 251 p.
yum saline and salty soils. In the dewline curvature of the reserve, folded, in the main, steppe and halophytic-meadow spines, the role of the growing halophytic growth is significant. Most widened Leimus and four-grass steppe breeding, non-creeping and creeping halophyte meadows, as well as archery-steppe breeding with the dominance of Leimus and milk-white rice. Floristic abundance of spilot is relatively small. The nature of the flora to the area is given by the views, tied with salinized soils and petrophysics. The flora and the growth of the Daurian reserve has been revealed by us in general, and will require a detailed detailed treatment. Dotzіlno expansion of the security zone of the reserve for the greater hoarding of versatility and the better protection of steppe spilot.
List of Literature
1. Walter G. Roslinnist earthly cool... Moscow: Progress, 1975.T. 3.462 p.
2. Vlasov N. A., Chernishov L. A., Pavlova L. І. Salt lakes of Skhidnoye Siberia and the power of the industrial vicery // Tr. Buryat. complex sciences. in-tu: Ser. "Biol.-soil". 1960. Vip. 4.S. 56-78.
3. Frish V. А. L .: Science, 1967. Vip. 1.Vol. 99.
BBK E080 (2Ros - 253.5)
O.K. Kirilyuk
The level of quality of the protected areas of the Trans-Baikal Territory in the minds of the climatic changes as an official of the social and economic development of the region
The statti is analyzed modern camp and the prospects for the development of hedgehogs of especially protected natural territories (SPNA) of the Trans-Baikal Territory in the minds of climatic changes. The tendencies of the change of ecosystems of the steppe and forest-steppe zones of the Shidny Transbaikal due to the various natural and anthropogenic factors are discussed. Shown is the role of protected natural areas as the basis for the formation of stable natural habitats in the region.
Key words: Transbaikalia, climate change, dynamics of natural ecosystems, especially protection of natural territories (SPNT), net of SPNT.
Improvement of SPNA network in Zabaykalsky kray as a factor of the region "s socio-economic sustainable development in conditions of the climate alterations
The paper studied current state and perspectives of development of special nature protected areas (SPNA) network of Zabaykalsky kray in conditions of climate changing. Tendencies of dynamics of steppe and forest steppe ecosystems depending of natural and anthropogenic factors are discussed. The role of SPNA network as a basis of sustainable development in the region is shown.
Key words: Eastern Transbaikalia, climate alteration, dynamics of nature ecosystems, special nature protected areas (SPNA), SPNA networks.
On the ear of 2010 in the Trans-Baikal Territory, there are 95 specially protected natural territories, which occupy an area of 1694.139 yew. Hectares (or 3.92% of the land area). Seven especially protected natural territories (two biosphere reserves, two federal reserves, a national park, a nature monument and a resort) may have federal status, іnshі 88 (15 reserves, 65 natural monuments, 8 health resorts and
health-improving objects) - regional status. With a large regional PA, they borrow close to 1009.4 thousand rubles. Ha about 2.3% of the territory of the region.
In common with the Russian sub-regions and between Mongolia and China, the Trans-Baikal Territory is seen as an insignificant part of lands occupied by PAs. Less indicator (3.6%) only in Irkutsk region(Fig. 1).
Small. 1. A piece of land especially protected by natural territories in some sub'ekts of the Russian Federation and the Susidni regions of the Trans-Baikal Territory regions of Mongolia and China (prompted by the victors of the Danikh Dzherel)
* Shown is a piece of land pid SPNT only for the Argun river basin
The development of especially protected natural territories in the Trans-Baikal Territory is unevenly, imaging the steps of the territory's development, and, in part, the history of the development of the land. Most of the PAs were established in the 70-80s. Last century, it is important in the developed areas of the central part of the region and the region is protected by the protection of wild species, the creation of industrial creatures and the protection of especially valuable or primitive natural conditions. The lack of representativeness (the presence of all representations in the territory of landscapes and key ecosystems) Yak conspiracy to preserve the extravagance of natural complexes in the region until the 2000s. the formulation of the regional nature conservation framing was not imagined by the zavdannya.
An analysis of the daily protection of natural territories of the Trans-Baikal Territory shows that there is no need in the abundant world of ecosystems of rural natural zones, including especially valuable and endangered black spines (for example, In the rural areas of the Skhidny Transbaikal region, there is a special capacity for ordering ecosystems, in the obvious way of lifeless species of flora and fauna, as well as the high tourist potential of the As a result, 29% of species of food and 46% of species of roslin, included in the regional book, were not represented in the protected areas. Most of the territories are covered with Lisstep - PAs occupy only 2.69% of the territory here natural zone... Moreover, the main area of the protection of the legislation depends on the sanitary protection of the health resorts, for those who save the biological development not to the main employees. At the same hour, the Trans-Baikal lis-steppe itself is called the Baikal Fakhivtsy among the zonal ecosystems, the representation of which on the protected areas of the federal status is necessary to ensure the representativeness of the federal measure of protection territories. In the mountainous-taiga and steppe zones, PAs occupy 4.58% and 4.77% of the outlying areas in the region, according to the reasons (from the reserves of the protected zones of reserves).
U 2003-2005 rr. A team of authors carried out a robot according to the view that they are especially important for the conservation of the ecological balance on the territory of the Trans-Baikal Territory of houses and ecosystems, which are promising for the establishment of new protected areas of the territory. When the robots were victorious, it was not only the environmental value that was taken to respect, but also the significance of the projected protected areas for the socially-economical development of the adjacent territories and the region as a whole. Table. 1 in the public domain, this principle encourages the hedge of the especially protected natural territories in Transbaikalia for the urahuvannya of natural and social and economic features of the region.
Table 1
Features of the formulation of the regional hedge of protected areas in the Trans-Baikal Territory
Main staff: Main principle:
Ensuring the ecological safety of the region (through the saving of the stability of ecosystems); Ensuring the monitoring of ecosystems and conditions for the removal of an active assessment of the country; Zabrechennya minds for the development of non-self-supportive straightforwardness of government, recreation, traditional way of life of indigenous peoples, safety of representativeness (freezing of all basic types of ecosystems); Vrahuvannya of the ecological features of the territory (ecological significance, fallowing natural complexes in the form of cyclical changes to the climate, transcordon character of ecosystems, the manifestation of globally significant ecoregions, etc.); The scope of social and economic peculiarities of the region (the straightness of the economy, near the periphery of the region, the altogether low level of life of the population and the other side is the abundance of natural resources),
Specificity is characteristic of Transbaikal, it is indicated in the basic principles of the formation of a net of specially protected natural areas to the edge, there is a need for the creation of a net of the very same storage infrastructure for the social and economic development of the region. Transbaikalia is rich in natural resources. Moreover, the significance of these is not to be judged from the point of view of the balanced development of the region, but from the point of view of traditional power supply to the center of the country, but in the rest of the rock- Interests of the most popular source - China. The price is linked to the periphery of the region of both the main economic and political centers, as well as an adequate marketing assessment of the prospects for the development of alternative As a result, the region consumes the wealth and versatility of the so-called "changeable", as well as universal natural resources, the value of those in happy holiday growing shvidshe, lower monocyl. For example, according to I. E. Mikhava, due to the degradation of the life through the anthropogenic inflow (the life of spawning, migration of ribs, poaching of fish), from the warehouse of the economy, ... A catastrophic situation is taking shape in the last two ten years with fossil resources. Reducing the quality of fox corners, viskim rіvnem poaching is explained by the change in the number of Misliv species. In the large number of Mislivs, which have grown in the central and new parts of the region, the number of the main Misliv species: goat, red deer, elk, hare, feathered game - lower than the scientifically grounded interiors The same tendency is promoted in rural areas.
Until now, it is not possible to get involved in the organization of the economy, the specifics of the natural dynamics of the ecosystems of Dauria. The region is characterized by a cyclical (in the middle 30-35 rubles for triviality) change of periods. It is dry during the period of time that there are changes in the rivers and lakes, the decrease in the level of the ground waters, the increase in the number of times, etc. As a result, the efficiency of ecosystems decreases to
anthropogenic and natural infusions. Naybіlsh yaskravoy cyclicality of problems and problems associated with it and manifests itself in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of the region.
The last dry period started in 1999 and until now. The average wines are characterized by higher average and summer temperatures, which are characterized by higher temperatures. Period of inadequate provision is extreme for large species of naval and waterfowl birds, bagatokh species of ssavts. From the hanging waters, the xerofitization of the growing ages is seen, the heights of the migration and the concentration of the runners, the waterbirds and the waterbirds, are active, the migration of the livestock is activated. There is a living in the forest steppe of such spontaneously steppe species, such as the bough, the steppe crane, the Daurian crane, the growing concentration of water birds in the floats of the great rivers.
Naybilsh yaskravo will stay here and there is a visual situation on the river. Argun. In the mountains of the Toreysk lakes, the Argun valley is wide, the river bed has more than a dozen of flooded lakes and oxbows, becoming the main place of concentration of birds every hour. Naturally, be it any anthropogenic press at a time in the concentration of birds in the last few weeks and in the decrease in the number of runners and nest in Dauria on water and water species. As a result of the winter anthropogenic injections for 2003-2008. number of people ptahiv on Argun decreased by 5 times more. The tse has intertwined with the decrease in the number of waterfowl birds all over the Transbaikal region.
In fig. 2 shows a change in the area of the Mongolian gazelle for the last ten years. The yak can be seen from the baby, the habitat is ready for the winter, for the dynamism of the sun for the winter cordon in the steppe zone. For the gazelle, the substitution of the habitat in the bik of Russia, I will overwhelm the bagatma with riziks. The population density in Russia is more, less in Mongolia, the level of poaching is a traditionally high position of protected natural territories. I will look at the decrease in the number of antelope in the last ten years in Mongolia, it is possible to let it go, but without the introduction of special visits, I will be able to find the place of living of the dzeren yak in Mongolia, as well as in Russia the rate of decrease in the number of growth.
The cyclical process of changing the climate in Dauria is imposed on the process of changing the climate in the region. Over the last 50 years, there has been a tendency to increase the temperature of food. So, the isotherm, when zooming in on the widening of the permafrost (-2.5 ° С - the extended boundary of the extended; -7.5 ° С - the boundary of the widening of the succinic permafrost) is actively shifting to the winter. For the rest of 40-50 years, the substitution was made in small pieces of hundreds of kilometers. The first boundary of the widening of the permafrost has grown at 52 ° of the winter latitude, having come close to the boundary of the permafrost in the geological period of the interglacial. The entry into permafrost is superfluous during the dry period of the soil
Small. 2. The change in the habitat of the Mongolian gazelle (Prosarga gutturosa) in the XXI century (according to V.Y. Kirilyuk, unpublished data). 1 gazelle range up to 2000 rubles; 2 - area of gazelle in 2010
water, well, in the absence of a lack of power, to produce up to an additional hanging of soil. As a result, the process of penetrating the extended steppe zone into the winding cordons will become more active. A unique indicator of the process є everywhere the hovering of forest smogs in Pivdenno-Skhidny Transbaikal. The adjustment of the processes that are going on in the ancient regions of the Trans-Baikal Territory and in the summit territories of Mongolia and China, allowing the creation of changes to activate the process of aridization in the steppe zones of Dauria.
In such minds, the growth of some kind of virobnity, tied with an intensive inflow into the ecosystems in the steppe and forest-steppe zones, is cluttered up by the widespread degradation and degradation of the life of the population. I can pick up a picture in the Chita region in the past century. A small number of sheep in the steppe zone in the dry phase of the climatic cycle (1970-1978) and the purchase of grazing was brought to the rapid degradation of herds, like herds, to a shitty sheep. For the period from 1979 to 1986. the number of out-of-the-box sheep in Transbaikal has decreased by a third. For an hour more than 25% of the herds were at the last stage of slaughter, before the deserted. Strengthening the processes of erosion of the soil during the dry period. The destruction of the turf of the ball, which will preserve the conservation of the soil and the crumbling of the grain soils of dry steppes, is carried out in the period of heavy dry land until the hanging and hanging of soils, and the test of large-scale growing - until the saline. Uninvolved on bagatoraz, the change in the area of \ u200b \ u200ball and the population of small horned thinness in Transbaikalia since the end of the 80s, the part of the old-fashioned silkyspodarsky lands in the Chita region in 2004 became 10.7%.
According to the theory of urbanization stages in Gibbs, the Trans-Baikal Territory is in the Danish hour at 3 stages of urbanization, which is characterized by the concentration of population and virobnity in great settlements during the period of dying out. For such territories, we have saved the natural ecosystem, the basis of the natural conservation strategy and socially-economic plan for saving the maximum area of non-sagging natural ecosystems, saving the corn systems for the territory In our opinion, the povnotsinna system of especially protected natural territories is not only built to protect the natural frame of Transbaikal, but the date of delivery until the development of the economy of the region is evidently new in character.
The current legislation in the region, especially the protection of natural territories, allows the vicarists to use the category of protected areas as a basis for organizing the rational victorious nature of the most demanded in the watery natural resources of the earth, biological resources... Skin from the category of protected areas has a specific plant, it is possible to create a basis for organizing a rational nature conservation: science (through the range of reserves and partly national parks), reserves, national parks) and tourist and recreational (national and natural parks, recreational and health centers and resorts, monuments of nature).
The specifics of the dynamics of the natural steppe and forest-steppe ecosystems of the Skhidny Transbaikal region and the nature of their vicarious regime are transferred to the establishment of a special regime in a number of PAs, which can also be declared within the framework of the current legislation. V critical period If the role of quiet ecosystems in the preservation of bioriznomanittya growth, there can be more suvor of interdependence of the government's activity in the context of a friendly period. It is very promising to establish such a regime in wetland areas: steppe lakes and in the floodplains, which can enter the warehouse of reserves or biosphere grounds of biosphere reserves.
Those who live in the region biosphere reserves of varto will come to respect. The structure and establishment of such specially protected natural areas in the most important world show interest in developing especially valuable natural territories, some of them will be transferred to the active participation in the reserve of this world community and to preserve the balance of natural resources. Zokrema, vikonuyutsya reserves naukovі doslіdzhennya, It is based on the maintenance of pre-built, uninterrupted ranks in order to guard the natural processes, it can be used also for the specific power supply and needs of the economy. The provisions on UNESCO biosphere reserves have been transferred to the organization of sports zones around them, in the boundaries of which SPNT they actively take root in the system of rational, non-invasive protection of natural resources. I can say not only about the development of the traditional direct - the development of tourism, based on the demonstration of the territory before the release of the memorials of the territory, so that I can protect myself, alas, I am also about the development of projects for the development of small-scale gifts of farmers technologies. Immediately being washed, we rely on respect not directly by the reserve financing of the establishment of quiet virobities, state donations and infrastructure, ale for its scientific potential and the status of a particularly valuable natural territory. In the provinces of the country, the light zones and the spіvrobіtnіt of biosphere reserves actually represent a special zone and development, for the sake of the problems that arise not only from the regional, but also from the national and international resources. For the implementation of ideas, the development of various recirculation zones and a number of international programs, including the development of the UN GEF, the TASIS program, and a number of international programs.
The first crocus in the implementation of the strategy of biosphere reserves in Transbaikalia was the project of organizing a zone and a sporting activity of the Daursky biosphere reserve in six steppe regions of the Transbaikal region (Fig. 3). Here the stem of a separate zone has a special sense. The proprietor, which is less important for dozens of globally rare species of fauna, has seen a number of ecologic and social problems connected with the climatic wines, as well as active parties to the children of the arggywomen. Necessary general assessment many heritage implementation of government projects in the light of changes to the climate, as well as the development of programs for social and economic adaptation of the Proprietor to these changes. Such robots can be found within the framework of the concept of a zone and a sporting activity of the biosphere reserve.
Due to the significance of the ecological risk in the first place in the protected areas, they will require a territory, which may immediately have a high environmental value, low efficiency and a wealth of natural resources. These are the characteristics of the lured ecosystems in Transbaikalia. In the rest of the rock in the zone of special rhizik, there is the lis-steppe zone of the edge, which is dry in the period the role of the main refugium bioty. At the closest ten years of the region, saving resources and directing the economy, so, inevitably, there will be a further degradation of natural
Small. 3. Zone of spіvpratsi of the biosphere reserve "Daursky": 1 territory of the reserve "Daursky";
2 - security zone of the reserve; 3 - reserve of federal significance "Tsasucheyskiy Bor"; 4 - zone of spіvpratsі reserve; 5 - reserves of regional significance
middle ground. In this situation, it is necessary to establish a net of "compensatory" PAs, so that the most important ecosystems will be taken care of before the ear of an active development of the territory.
U 2003-2009 rr. In Transbaikal Bouly, nine specially protected natural territories were designed: "National Park", "Natural Park", "Wildlife Sanctuary", "Reserve", "Monument of Nature". Outside of them, the stems and і recognized the environmental status of only three (in the boundaries of the ABAO) (Table 2). The tendency of those who stumble upon the market conditions or the list of government-sponsored structures. With a whole territory of potential protected areas, they appear to be unprotected from the intensive state exploitation and step by step to consume the environmental value.
Table 2
The development of hedgehogs of specially protected natural areas in the Trans-Baikal Territory in 2000-2010.
Name of the project SPNA Rik preparation for the project Municipal District Suchasny Stan
Reminders of the nature of regional significance:
Sakhanay 2008 Duldurginskiy SPNA z 2008
Reserves of regional significance:
Girska step 2003 Kirinsky SPNA z 2003
Aginska step 2003 Aginsky SPNA z 2004
Released dubs 2004, 2008 Gazimurozavodskiy Not completed
Semenivsky 2008 Baleisky Not scheduled
Natural parks:
Ivano-Arakhleyskiy (on the basis of the reserve) 2008 Chitinskiy Not completed
Federal Reserve:
Dzeren Valley 2009 Borzinsky, Zabaikalsky Not completed
National parks:
Chikoyskiy 2003 reorganizations in 2008 Krasnochikoyskiy Not completed
reserve:
Argunskiy dilyanka (biosphere polygon) Daurskiy reserve 2006-2009 Zabaikalskiy, Krasnoka-Menskiy, Priargunsk Not completed
Relevant is the food safety and security of the main activities of the regional PAs of the Trans-Baikal Territory. It will take no more than 20 million rubles for the development and development of the hem. - less than 2 p. per 1 hectare of territory. The price is less than four sums of ecological payments, which should come up scrupulously to the budget of the region (in general, go to the region for environmental protection to see no more than a third of the sum of money). The state of inspectors, who will be more involved in monitoring the territories of regional PAs, is not within the reach of 60 people. (On 1 inspector of the attack, there are close to 17 thousand. For the sake: for 1 hectare of federal PAs, it is seen in the middle, close to 47 rubles, for 1 inspector of the attack, close to 7-8 yew. The house is protected.
As of now, in Transbaikalia, the PZF border is not suitable for this year's day to preserve the natural frame of the region. In light of the climatic changes and plans of the state's development of natural resources, the most threatening situation is seen in the forest-steppe zone of the edge.
Resource directness of the economy, the periphery of the edge and the transcord of the clutter to accumulate a high risik to spend especially valuable ecosystems and components in the most important rocks. To that, the main direct development of the PZF hedge to the region is to blame for the preventive organization of protected areas in the zones of new development.
Scientifically grounded, rich and functional to the edge of the specially protected natural areas, it is necessary to preserve the necessary base for the development of the Skhidny Transbaikal region, to preserve and alternatively the victoriousness in the minds of the climatic wines of the universal nature
resources (land, water, biological). It is necessary to legislate the hardening of the nature protection strategy of Transbaikal until 2030 r and the scheme for the development of the netting of the PZF region for the period up to 2015
For the implementation of nature conservation initiatives in the Trans-Baikal Territory, we are actively promoting international programs and initiatives in the field of protecting the community, including within the framework of professional conventions, ratified by the Russian Federation.
Robot Vikonan for supporting the project of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, "Information and Analytical System for the Advancement of Dynamics and Economic Development of Near-Cordon Regions", No. 08-02-12101v.
List of Literature
1. Abalakov AD Scientific-methodical foundations of ecological rhizik // Ecological rhizik: materials of the II All-Russian conf. Irkutsk: Publishing house of the Institute of Geography SB RAS, 2001. pp. 3-6.
2. Anenkhonov O. A. About the lithic components in the lis-steppe of Transbaikal in connection with the dynamical climate // Proceedings of the climate of Central Asia: social and economic heritage: materials of the international symposium. Chita, 2008.S. 149-152.
3. Goroshko OA Stan and protection of populations of cranes and trees in Pivdenno-Skhidny Transbaikal and sumy regions of Mongolia: author. dis. ... Cand. bіol. sciences. Chita, 2002.19 p.
4. Goroshko OA Global ornithological significance of the upper part of the river. Argun and problems and protection // Environmental protection of the Chita region ( Russian Federation) І Autonomous Region Inland Mongolia (PRC) in Transcordon Ecological Regions: materials of conf. Chita, 2007.S. 80-89.
5. Danilkin A. A. Dynamics of the population of wild hoarding Russia: hypotheses, facts, laws. M .: Partnership of Science Vidan KMK, 2009.S. 217-227.
6. Kirilyuk O. K. About the infusion of cyclical changes to the climate on the camp of natural ecosystems in Transbaikalia and the indicators of the Silk-Gospodarsky vyrobnitstva // Stepa Pivnichnoy Eurasia: materials of the V International Symposium. Orenburg: IPK "Gazprompechat" TOV "Orenburgpromservice", 2009. S. 365-368.
7. Kirilyuk O.K. Ecological and geographic bases of development and the current state of the edge of especially protected natural territories of the Shidny Transbaikal // Pitannya modern science and practices. 2009. No. 6 (22). S. 144-151.
8. Criteria and methods of forming ecological hedge of natural territories / E. M. Veselova [that in.]. Moscow: Center for Wildlife Conservation SoEC, 1998, p. 6.
9. Ma Jian Zhang, Simonov E.A. ... Chita, 2007.S. 221-229.
10. Mikhiv I. E. Territorial peculiarities of the development of the іkhtyocomplexes of Transbaikal and іх rationalization: author. dis. ... Cand. geogr. sciences. Chita, 2006.22 p.
11. Mordkovich V. G. Stepovi ecosystems. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1982.205 p.
12. Zobov'yazuєatsya V.A. Changes in temperature and fever in the territory of Transbaikal and near-border regions in China Chita, 2007.S. 247-250.
13. Changes to the climate of Transbaikal in the other half of the 20th century behind the data of the math and culture of the past in the first quarter of the 21st century / Meshcherskaya A.V. ... Chita: ZabGGPU Publishing House, 2008.S. 31-33.
14. Particularly protection and require protection (reserve) of the natural territory of the Chita region and ABAO. Ecological and geographical map / ed. T. A. Strizhovo. Omsk: Omsk Cartographic Factory, 2005.
15. Register of tourist resources of the Chita region and the Aginsky Buryat Autonomous Okrug / ed. T. A. Strizhovo. Vladivostok: Orange, 2004.364 p.
16. Strizhova T.A. add. Chita: Express-Vidavnistvo, 2008.S. 43-46.
17. Cryolithozone of Transbaikal in the minds of the global change to the climate: problems and priorities of the school of thought / D. M. Shesternov [et al.] // Change to the climate of Central Asia: social and economic sympathies: Chita: ZabGGPU Publishing House, 2008.S. 46-53.
18. Yablokov A. V. Russia: health of nature and people. M .: TOV "GALLEYA-PRINT", 2007. S. 168.
19. Special Protected Areas of Mongolia / Edited by D. Myagmarsuren. Ulaanbaatar: Munkhyn Useg Co. LTD, 2000.102 p.
O. A. Laskova
Ecology and biology of early-flowing deweds of the Transbaikal region
Early Spring Roslin is a whole group of species that have been attached to maturity and development in the harsh minds of the middle. Friendly temperatures, winter spoky, reserve accumulation of lively speeches, especially the water regime for early flowers.
Key words: early spring growth, calm, lively speech, water regime.
Ecology and biology feutures sprining plants of East Transbaikalia
Early blooming plant are group adjusted to growth and development in extreme habitat conditions. Favorable temperature conditions, forced winter rest, reserve nutrients accumulation peculiarities, water conditions peculiarities promote the early growth of the early blooming plant.
Key words: Early blooming plant, rest, accumulation peculiarities, water conditions.
Spring in Skhidnoye Transbaikalia with frequent frosts and high additional temperatures due to excessive temperatures and soil is unfriendly for the growth and development of roslin; There is also a negative inflow on the growth of the roslin, and the number of winter and spring falloffs is also insignificant. Itself in the whole period grow and develop early flowering dewlines, which are stuck to vegetation in the extreme minds of the middle. Adaptation of early growing roslin is most pronounced to instability and heat in the growing season. A great role in the whole development of structural and functional features roslin: water regime, rhythm of development, way of overwintering and in.
The caution was carried out in three types of spilot: rhododendra-raznotravі pine fox, Rice-herb-shmidto-sedge tussock pockets, arktogeronic-hardy-sap stepa in the vicinity of m Chiti. Representatives of 22 types of roslin, such as mono- and polycarpous herbs, were given the warning.
For vivchennya in the rhododendra-rice grasses of the boule pine forest, we took such species of early-flowing willows: Fragaria orientalis Losinsk, Potentilla fragarioides L., Pyrola asarifolia Michaux, Vaccinium vitis-idaea (L.) Avrorin (Pulsatilla. Pritzel) Juz. On the herb-shmidto-sedge tussock pockets in the floodplain of the Chiti rivulet, guarding was carried out for the advancing species of early-flowing willows: Ranunculus propinquus C.A. Meyer, R.rigescens Turcz. ex Ovcz., Primula farinosa L., P.nutans Georgi, Potentilla fragarioides L., Ciminalis aquatica L. In a cenosis of the arctogeronic-hard sedge steppe, the following were collected for vivding boules: Leibnitzia anandria (L.) Turcz., Arctogeron gramineum (L.) ., Gagea