Understanding about stable and critical issues. Crises "," stable "and" critical "vіkovі period. Krizi vіkovy rozvitku
Critical and stable during development. problem vikovykh crisis.
Periodization of Elkonin.
Epohi / Vіk
Early dynasty
dignity
reunion
periodization
Child (0-12 ms)
2-6 7-12
Early vik
1-3 rockiv
preschool
3-7 rocks
young school
7-12 rocks
young adult
12-15 rocks
senior child
15-18 rock_v
line of development
Motivational sphere
Situationally special
Situational-dilove spilkuvannya
Operational and technical
Subject-garmatna
Motivation
Operational and technical
Motivation
Operational and technical
Social development
Wetness: irregularity-fallowness
Dorosly є intelligent, practical spіvrobіtnitstvo for growing up, growing up like a cultural and historical message
Dorosly Yak Nose of Social and Specialty Vidnosin
Dorosliy yak nosagalnyh methods of activity in the system to understand
Odnolitok yak ob'єkt і sub'єkt vidnosin
Dorosly yak senior ally
providence
Bezposredn emotsionn spіlkuvannya with close grows
Subject-related activity
Іgrova dіyalnіst
Primary activity (educational, misinterpretation, intellectual-cognitive sphere)
Intimate and special spilkuvannya with one-liners
The problem of seeing through the PCP
Allow zavdannya yak spіlkuvatisya z grow up, develop ways to spіlkuvannya
Development of social functions of objects; understanding that it is possible to develop with objects
Supplementary motives and manifestation of special characteristics of the child
Ovolodinnya system of sciences to understand
Self-designation to oneself in the system of single messages
Professional vibration; autonomy
psycho new
Individual mental life
pozhvavlennya complex
mova
sleepy
self-identity
Forming internal positions
Mistake credibility (logical type of communication)
Internal plan for
reflexion
Internal ordering of mental processes
self-assessment
at a bit old age
reflexion
The system of values
Formation of logical intelligence
Hypothec-deductive misleading
misleading style
result
Ruinuvannya symbiotic situation
I myself
self-identity
Change Pride.
independence
Vlasna position to the system of social news
Vlasna educational activity
Cooperation with one-liners
self-control
Formation of the system "I" for the development of self-awareness
Promotion of visuals and philosophical misinterpretations
Formation of systems and theoretical knowledge
Crazy vіkovy development.
In the course of a crisis, there is a period of time in the development of people, when there are spontaneous mental changes. The stench is trivial, from decilky months to rock and a normal phenomenon in the special development of people.
The triviality of these crises and their manifestation to lie down due to individual peculiarities and quiet minds in which people are found in that period of the hour. If the minds come to mind, it’s like a family, so socially (on robots, in a company, clubs and for interests ...).
The thoughts of psychologists in the drive of vikovykh crises go away. One vvazhayut, but a crisis is the result of a wrong wickedness, but the development can be smoothly and harmoniously. Інші vvazhayut, scho crisis is a normal process of transition to a larger folding stage. Deyaki psychologists vvazhayut, shho lyudin, not having survived the crisis, will not develop further.
The current psychologists see stable and crises in the period of development. Stink of being scared of oneself and the natural process of the development of a child. Evident destruction appears in the development, the child greatly changes in behavior (maybe in the region of the world), confrontation with grown-ups (not only with loved ones). Participate in interest before borrowing. Tse sposterіgaєtsya not only in school, but in gurts. Children have no knowledge of their experiences, internal conflicts.
Vidomy vіtchiznyany psychologist D.B. Elkonin saying: "To the skin development of the district To go with the view of the distribution of people, who are guilty from the system of one person - lyudin, and Tim, who is from the system, from the system of one person is an object. Iakraz the moment, if it becomes the greatest value, і are called crises, when whale. Where is the development of the same side, kit. appeared in the previous period. Ale kozhna zі siden gotu development іnshy ".
Now the crisis is clear for the variable parameters:
- crisis of new marital
Dressing in the wake of the life of their minds. The child from the wicked middle class has been eating the call in the mind. All nine months have been transferred to the womb. It is more persistent than the middle. It's warm there. Harchuvsya and dikhav vin through the umbilical cord did not report any zusil. With the people, everything changed dramatically. From the middle of the water, the child will be drunk in the povitryana. Dihati and harchuvatisya is necessary independently. Ide adaptation to new minds.
- crisis of one rock
At the end of the period, the child has new consumers.
Try to show self-reliance, and develop emotional and effective manifestation - the result, if you want a specific reaction of the child to the unreasonable age. Yakraz in tsei period the child is manifested. You will be able to finish it, you will see it from the stratum, but at the same hour you will see the situation and it will be saved.
- crisis three rock_v
The crisis of three years before the crisis of the World War and one of the most folding lives of the child. The child sees her "I", go out to see the grown-ups and start staying with them as the "grown-ups" of the day. Vidomy vіtchiznyany psychologist L.S.
Negativity. Negative reaction of the child to the passing of the old man. This reaction is not directly opposed to the very act of being able to see the child. Vaughn is straightened to the very fun. Smolder, scho ruhaє ditinoyu at the whole moment - zrobiti navpaki.
Having shown obstinacy. Ditina napolyagaє on what the wrong dummy really wants to, and that wіn vіn vimagає schob s dumkoyu dummied.
Even more clearly quilting the line of self-determination. Ditina wants to do everything himself.
In general, it's good. Ale everything is good in the world. The hypertrophied manifestation of self-reliance is not very responsive to the child's abilities. It can lead to an internal conflict with oneself, and a conflict with grown-ups.
Buvak, how the conflict between children and growing up grows up in a system of vidnosin. There is a hostility, so the stench constantly perebuyuyut at the station of war. In such vipadkah you can talk about a protest-riot. In the family, the deity is one, despotism can manifest itself. For families, dear children, despotism can be jealous of being brought up to children. Jealous, in this case, will be roztsinuvatisya as a tendency to power and intolerant to the young.
The concept of old people rules and norms of behavior, likening to quiet speeches and playing. In the psychological plan of the child, the child is seen to be close to the grown-ups and learns to himself as an independent sub'ect.
- crisis of seven rocks
The crisis of seven rocks can be manifested in the interval from about 6 to 8 rocks. So, as in a whole life, it is practically all children to go to school, then the period of dressing from the beginning of a new social position - the position of a schoolboy. At the end of the day, the child's self-confidence is changing, and a reevaluation of values is likely to be seen.
On the thought of L.S. Having shown himself a child successfully, for not being aware of failures in any of the spheres of his activity (whether it’s a dream, or a spielkuvannya with one-sided women, busy in herds, or sports ...) - to form: for almost powerfully meaningfulness, almost for inconvenience. The experience leads to the establishment of the child's inner life. Winning the space between the call and the inner life of the child, which leads to the change of her behavior. Here there is a sense of the basis of vchinku. Dytina will not be missed persh nizh scho-nebud zrobiti - trying to assess the maybutny vchinok from the point of view many heritage to get out of the way. In addition, there is a sense of the basis for doing - from the behavior of the knowledge, the impulsiveness and the impulse of the child's passivity. Ditina is ready to think over her kroki, start to preach her experience.
One of the manifestations of the crisis of seven years, the antics, the tension of behavior in the face of the interconnection of the internal and external life. All the tsi show to pass, if the child enters the offensive stage.
- (puberty - 11-15 years)
The qia crisis is tied to the status of the child. Activation of statutory hormones and hormones in the growth of power on the whole stage. Shvidke grows organizmu, the appearance of secondary articles of signs. Through shvidka zrostannya you can discover problems with heart-vascular activity, with a robot leg, etc. Emotional and unstable background in the whole life of the child is sexually stimulating, as a supervising state of mind.
Pidlitki are organized in behavior on the intelligence of manhood or life. From the same time to develop interest to your own name and shape yourself as new to yourself. This vіk is characterized by a strong experience for the drive of its imperfect znіchnostі.
One of those who found new products is the perception of stature. In the midst of the winery, the bazhannya is stronger - but if you want to grow up, you will grow up and become independent. Children do not go out with their fathers, be it information about a special life, often there are welding and conflicts with grown-ups. The head number of spіlkuvannya in the Danish period is the price of one-liner. An intimate and special way of borrowing money from a head in the life of a child. Similarly, this vіk is powerfully united in informal groups.
Vіkovі crises are special, usually not trivial for an hour (before fate) during ontogenesis, which are characterized by sharp mental changes. To be adhered to the regulatory processes necessary for the normal progressive course of special development (Erikson).
The form and the triviality of the periods, as well as the state of resistance to lie in the form of individual features, social and micro-social minds. Vіkovіy psychology doesn’t have a single thought with the drive of the crisis, їkh mіstsya and roles in mental development. A part of psychologists is vvazhaє, that development is guilty of being harmonious, without crises. Creasy is abnormal, a "sickly" phenomenon, the result of a wrong wickedness. It’s a part of psychology in life, so it’s natural to have a crisis in development. Moreover, for the actions of the psychologists, the child, who has not survived the crisis in a fair way, will not develop further afield. Bozhovich, Polivanova, Gail Shikhi were killed by those.
L.S. Vigotsky view the dynamics of transitions from one to the next. At different stages of change in a child's psyche, it can be seen as a matter of course and in a deed, and maybe - quickly and quickly. We see stable and crisis stages of development; For a stable period, it is characteristic of a smoothly stretching process of development, without sharp ruins and changes in the Specialist region. For the triviality of the dovgy. Insignificant, minimal changes are accumulated and in the end of the period they give a good streak in development: there are new developments, styles, which are fixed in the structure of the Specialist.
The crunch is not good enough, but the few months, with an uncomfortable zbig of furnishings, they are stretched to rock or two rocky. Tse short, ale burhliv stages. Significant destruction in the development, the child rіsly zmіnyuєvatsya in bagatokh her rice. The development can take on a catastrophic nature at all times. The crisis is to be repaired and completed uncomfortably, and between it, it’s not violated. Sharpened infusion in the middle of the period. For people who are desperate for a child, they will not be tied with a snake behavior, I will appear "vazhkovikhovuvanih". Ditina to go to the control of grown-ups. Affective sleepers, whims, confrontations with loved ones. Schoolchildren have a great deal of praise, relax their interest before borrowing, decrease their success, and occasionally win over painful experiences, internal conflicts.
The development crisis has a negative character: to fall apart, to know those that have taken place at the next stage. It’s a little newer. New solutions appear unstable, and in the offensive stable period they transform, glaze over with new ones, rise in them, and, in such a rank, see them.
D.B. Elkonin advancing the statement of L.S. Vigotsky about the development of children. “To the skin point of his development of a child, we go with the view of the development of people, who are guilty from the system of people who are people - people, and who are who are from systems who are from people who are people –– an object. Iakraz the moment, if it becomes the highest value, and are called crises, for any development of this side, Kotara appeared in the next period. Ale derzhna zі siden gotu development іnshy ".
crisis of new marital... Of dressing with a sharp snake of the minds of life. Ditina from comfortable zvichnyh minds have been eating life at vogue (nove harchuvannya, dikhannya). Adaptation of the child to the new minds of life.
Kriza 1 rock... Dressing for the child's abilities to increase and the appearance of new needs. Splash of self-reliance, emergence of affective reactions. Affective sleepers as a reaction to the unreasonable side of the grown-ups. The head of the transition period is a free child, called L.S. Vigotsky autonomous. It is significant to be derived from the growth of the language and the sound form. Words become meaningful and situational.
Kriza 3 rockiv... The cordon with early and preschool education is one of the most important moments in the life of a child. Tse ruynuvannya, a re-glance of the old system of social changes, the crisis of the vision of one's "I", according to D.B. Elkonin. Ditina, seen from the grown-ups, get ready to stand up with them new, bigger ones. The emergence of the phenomenon "I myself", according to the Vigotsky price of the new solution "I am myself". "Dytina is ready to stand up to new forms of living with people - the crisis of social victories."
L.S. Vigotsky describes 7 characteristics of crises 3 rock_v. Negativeism is a negative reaction not to the dyu itself, as it should be seen to be viconuvati, but to the vimogu, or the growth of the grown-up. The head motive of the dia is zrobiti navpaki.
Change the motivation of the child's behavior. At 3 rocky wines are more than a hundred old repairs in spite of their own bezposredny bazhannyam. Yak and the child's behavior is not a matter of bazhanyam, but of a family of people, a grown-up people. The motive of behavior is already in the position of the situation given to the child. Obstinacy. The reaction of a child, like a napolyagaє, is not for the one who wants to, but for the one who himself said we’d grown up and who didn’t say so, but they didn’t boast about it. Non-availability. Vona is straightened not against a specific mature person, but against the efforts of the early childish system of oddities, contrary to those adopted in the seven norms of the population.
It is easy to manifest a tendency to independence: the child wants everything and virishuvati himself. In principle, it is a positive phenomenon, even before the hour of a crisis, the tendency to self-reliance is hypertrophied, it is often inadequate to the child's abilities and adolescents to confrontation with growing up.
For children, confrontations become regular, the stench of how bi is constantly perebayut at the age of growing up. Have tsikh vipadkah talk about a protest-riot. Despotism can emerge in the family with one child. Just as in the family there are children, to replace despotism, beckon to win jealous: the same tendency to rule is here, as a jealous, intolerant put down to some children, as they do not conceal any point of any child's rights in the times of winter.
Znetsinennya. A 3-child child can look up (to find out the old rules of behavior), to see if she loves a little girl, who is not proponated for an hour (to find out the old courtesies before the speeches), etc. The child has a position of being raised to some people and to himself. It is psychologically possible to see one of the closest grown-ups.
Crises of 3 years of dressing with assimilation of oneself as an active sub'ect in the light of objects, the child can be repaired in the first place against his own bazhan.
Kriza 7 rock_v... You can go up to 7 rock times, and you can go up to 6 or 8 rock times. An insight into the meaning of a new social position - the position of a schoolboy, tied to a visitor, is highly valued as a growing old robot. Formation of a general internal position with a pre-established change in self-confidence. Yak vvazhaє L.I. Bozovic - the period of the people of the social. "I am" the child. The change of self-awareness should be brought up to a revaluation of values. There are glimpses of change in the plan of experiencing - style affective complexes. Those who L.S. Vygotsky nazyavalnnyam experience. Lantsyug of failures, for successes (in modern times, in a wide sense), skinny times, approximately the same, experienced by a child, to bring to the form of a persistent affective complex - a feeling of lack of integrity, belittling, defiant self-esteem and competence. The managers of the zazagalnnyu experience, the logic of the sentiment appears. Experiencing will create a new sense, between them there will be a ringing sound, an agile struggle will experience.
Tse to bring to the conclusion of the inner life of the child. The distribution of the differentiation of the child's inner life is tied to the changing structure of her behavior. The meaning of the word appears to be the basis of vchinku - Lanka, where it grows and grows in diy. This is an intellectual moment, which allows more people to adequately assess their children from the point of view of their results and more in the long run. Smyslova orієntuvannya at vlastnykh dіyakh becomes an important side of internal life. At the same hour, the child's behavior is impulsive and unprecedented. The managers of the whole mechanism are involved in the child's safety; ditina rozmirkovuє, persh nіzh dyati, startє prikhovuti your experience and communication, pragmatically not show it to those who are rotten.
With a purely critical manifestation of the differentiation of the outward and inner life of children, you will grow up to become antics, manners, and individual tension of behavior. The most important specialties are so self-sufficient, as is the strength to whims, affective reactions, conflicts, to repair knowledge, if a child goes out from a crisis and joins a new crisis.
Innovation - confidence and understanding of mental processes and intelligence.
Puberty crisis (from 11 to 15 years) dressing for the child's over-sleep organism - for state-of-the-art ripening. Activation and foldable interconnection of hormones in growth and state of hormones to increase intensively physical and physiological development. Secondary articles are given. Pidlitkovy vіk іnodі is called a trivial crisis. At the connection with a quick development, it is difficult to determine the function of the heart, the legends, the blood of the brain. In an old age, the emotional background becomes unstable, unstable.
Emotional instability by virtue of sexually awakening, as supervising the process of statutory maturity.
State of identification of the reach of a new, more high level. There is a clear manifestation of an orientation toward the intelligence of manhood and life in behavior and the manifestation of special powers.
The directors of the boisterous growing up and over-stimulating the body in the old age quickly grow up to their interest. A new image of the physical "I" is being formed. Through this hypertrophied significance, the child of the state is experiencing all the vadies of zonnishnost, action and uyavni.
On the image of the physical "I" and self-awareness into the whole, the rate of statistic maturity is added. Children from the beginning of the day are determined in the best possible way; Acceleration to a greater degree of flexibility for special development.
To be seen as a mature person - to see oneself as a mature person, the central new establishment of a young adult age. Vinikak is passionate about bazhannya, if you don’t get on, then I would like to do it and grow up to grow up. In view of the control of the fathers and often going in confrontation with them, in view of the control of the fathers, in the presence of their new rights. In addition to being pragmatic to emancipation, the government’s support is strong in demand for one-liners. Providnaya Dіyalnіstyu in the whole period grows intimate and special spіlkuvannya. There is a friendship and friendship in informal groups. Winning and yaskravі, albeit wishing to win one one drowning.
Kriza 17 rock (from 15 to 17 rock)... Vinikak is exactly on the frontiers of a wicked school and a new mature life. You can go up to 15 rockets. The child has an hour to rest on the porosity of a real, mature life.
Most of the 17 schoolchildren are interested in advanced education, few - for the joke of robots. The value of illumination is a great blessing, even if at the same hour, the delivery of the set is neatly, and in the 11th class, the stress is much faster.
For those who are quiet, it is important that they are experiencing the crisis of 17 fatefuls, characteristic fears. Vіdpovіdnіst before itself and its natives for vibіr, the real reaching in the whole hour - already a great vantage. The fear of new life, of the possibility of a pardon, of failure to enter a university when entering a university, for young people - of an army can be brought to the full. A high anxiety and fear can lead to the emergence of neurotic reactions, such as an increase in temperature in front of a high temperature or an initial sleep, headache, etc. You can look for acute gastritis, neurodermatitis or chronic illness.
Rizka changes to the way of life, included in the new vision of Dyalnost, spilkuvannya with new people wikklikayut meaning stress. New life situation of adaptation to her. In addition to adaptability, there are two main factors: the ability to adapt to the family and to feel better in oneself, for the sake of competence.
Straightness at the Maybut. Period of stabilization of special features. The system of quick glances at the light and your own place in the new - the light-gaze - has been taking shape for an hour. Seemingly knitted from the cym, youthful maximalism in assessments, bias in the view of one's own point of view. The central new establishment of the period is becoming self-appointed, professional and special.
Kriza 30 rock_v. Approximately 30 years of age, some of them are getting worse, more people are going through a crisis. Vono turn around in the wake of the manifestation of your life, sometimes in the middle of your interest before, before that, in the past it was a headache, in some kind of vapadas to wind in the ruined colic way of life.
The crisis is 30 years old because of the unrealization of life. If you see a "reevaluation of values" and "an overlook of the sovereign Osobennosti" when you see a "revaluation of values", then I’m going to say about those who have thought of life that have turned out to be unsettled. If the life path is right, then the subtlety "to the singularity, the well-defined way of life, the singing values and the ideas" is not surrounded, but, navpaki, the development of the specialty.
A crisis of 30 rocky is not often called a crisis of the sense of life. From time to time, start tying jokes to the senses. Quite a joke, like the whole crisis as a whole, signify the transition from youth to adulthood.
The problem for the senses in all their options, from private to the global, is to the sense of life - todi, if the meta does not seem to be the motive, if it is not possible to reach the object of the consumer, so if the meta is not delivered correctly. Yakscho mova idde about the sense of life, then the grave of life meta appeared, so that the life of the thought appeared.
Some people in adulthood will have one, "pre-planned" crisis, coincidences not before the cordon of two stable periods of life, but the winners are in the middle of this period. Tse so titlescrisis 40 rock ... Tse yak bi repeated crisis 30 years. It will come to pass, if the crisis of 30 years has not called up to the proper resolution of existential problems.
Lyudina is very worried about the dissatisfaction with her life, the spread of her life plans and implementation. A.V. Tolstikh means that the change of being placed on the side of the robot colleagues is to be reached: an hour, if it is possible to play "a gift of hope", "promising", to pass, and people see the need to "pay promissory notes."
Among the problems associated with professional activity, crises of 40 rockies are not often caught up in the sharpest of family problems. The loss of deyaky close people, the loss of an even more important backward side of the life of a friend - an unprecedented participation in the life of children, a normal turbot about them - a residual understanding of the character of friends. I, as far as children are friends, does not mean anything to them, I don’t tie them up, I can feed them.
In the event of a crisis of 40 years, people will have to reawaken their life ideas again and again, to play a lot in a new “I-concept”. In the midst of a crisis, there may be a series of seryous snakes in life, right up to the change of the profession and the establishment of a new family.
Kriza to retire... For everything, it is negatively recognized as the ruin of the vicious regime and the way of life, it is not easy to go back to see the guests of the ruin of the world, it is possible to bring the corny and the lack of demand. Lyudin appears yak bi "vikinutym on uzbichchya" flowing without his active participation in social life. Reducing one's social status, at the expense of taking ten years to lively rhythm in one way to bring to the abysmal destruction of the physical and mental camp, and in some cases, to nave to the occasionally shy death.
The crisis of retirement is often slowed down by the time that at about the hour of the life of the independent lives of other generations - onuks, who are especially keen to see on the women, who have appropriated to themselves in the main family.
When going to retirement, it is not easy to get rid of the accelerated biological old age, it is often related to the destruction of the material camp, in some cases more in the way of life. In addition, the crisis can be accelerated by the death of a cholovik (squad), at the expense of the actions of close friends.
vіkovy period
Signs of the vіkovy stage
Social development
Characteristics of provincial performance
show the crises
Main new solutions
Characteristics of the cognitive, motivational-need, emotional spheres of development
features of behavior
provide direct
life
1.news (1-2 months)
Lack of seeing yourself and others,
dichny, smoktalny, zhisnі and ієntovnі, atavistic ("grasping") reflexion.
On the basis of biological depletion of the material
Emotion spilkuvannya z grow up (mom)
The process of population, physical identification from the mother,
addicted to new minds for the help of crazy reflexes
Sensory processes (pershі vidchuttіv), diagnosis of auditory and healthy health. pozhvavlennya complex.
Specialist, need-motivational:
otrivannya zadovolene.
Lack of dullness, sleep, mimic of dissatisfaction, crying and well-being.
Consumer formulation in spilkuvannya
2. Infancy (up to 1 rock.)
The stage "bring to the world": the development of uprightness, the formation of an individual mental life, the appearance of a building more and more vividly show their respect and
shutting down to the sensation,
autonomous
mova - gukannya, gulinnya, babbling pershі words.
Sleeping life of the child with the mother, (situation "Mi")
Bezposredno - emotional splitting from matter, subject matter
Kriza 1 rock:
The growth of rubbing against the needs in the knowledge of the little light and these possibilities, like a child of Volodya (walking, moving, affection and will), the demand for new enemies, in spilkuvanny, but perhaps, not in the middle of
Elementary forms of spirits and misery, first self-styled crocs, words, active demand for knowledge of new life, demand for growth for grown-ups, dovira to light, autonomous mova.
Piznavalny processes: Winning the act of hapannya, Development of rukhiv and pos
the cob form of a pointedly - two-way target (the information is based on the image and on the objects), mimicry respect, the image of the object, the differentiation of the perception and the image of the motor vehicle, the formation of the change of mind
Affective sleepers, emotional reactions,
expressive acts, active rukhovy reactions, pertinence.
The need for spilkuvanny, as the most important factor in the development of the psyche, the formulation of the basic doviri to the light,
podolannya podolannya poz'nanosti і vіdnoshennya, іnannya objects.
3.Early dynasty (1-3 rock)
The stage of "self-consciousness", the very sense of intelligence of the object, the autonomous language is replaced by the words of the "mature" language (phrasal language), the psychological awareness of those close to you, the development of negative rice, the lack of blame. Znetsіnyuєtsya those scho bulo zvichno, tsіkavo, dear earlier.
Spiritual activity with grown-ups, knowledge of the light of speech
situational-dilove spilkuvannya in spіvpratsі from growing up, situation ("I - myself")
Subject-manipulative, subject-harmonious activity
Kriza 3 rocks:
tenacity, svavillya, zealotslikh, protest-rebellion, prying to despotism and independence, to say "I myself!" emotional courtesy.
The testimony of "I myself",
Mova is active, accumulating vocabulary.
Practical misleading.
"Affective"
taking into account the situation, emotional reactions, recognition and creation, the formation of the inner plan of the action, in fact, for the second time, self-awareness (self-esteem, "self-respect", "self-esteem" and memory of dissatisfaction. Winning a pragmatism to independence and consumption in the achievement of success.
impulsive behavior, Emotional reactions are tied with non-mediocre babies and negativity at children who have grown up (crying, throwing themselves on the sofa, curling with their hands, or collapsing chaotically, pulsing awkward words, often , clenching your fists, you can screw up your hand and give it to you) an effective reaction to difficult things, addictiveness
Determination of self-confidence and consumption in the achievement of success, struggle against the
I am completely independent and independent.
4. Preschool dynasty (3-7 years)
Stage "Vibor Initiatives": Winning a Special Certificate,
іmіtuyut substantiveness and communication between people. The period of the people of the social "I", the winery is comprehended by the attitude of their experiences. Moving from a call to an internal "rose".
Recognition of the well-being of people
Plot - role play (admission of the game performance to the spilkuvannyam), didactic and rules.
Crisis of 7 rockiv "crisis of safety":
The experience of being tied up with the knowledge of the new position, the priesthood of being a schoolboy, but leave to be assigned to a preschool child.
Reevaluation of values, social experience, recognition of the inner life of a child, a change in the structure of behavior: the development of meaningful words of an ori-
Supportiveness of motives, self-awareness (assimilation of their experiences) and
trustworthiness.
Osobistіsna (spozhivcha - motivation): the need for a suspiciously significant і estimate of dіyalnosti,
the first moral sense is formed (it is rotten, but it is good), new motives and consumption (zmagalny, іgrovі, need for independence). The sound side of Movi is developing,
correct motive, creative mind, rooted motive memory, shaping a great memory, straightforward analysis of spirits, nimbly misinterpretation, superb motives, adopting ethical norms, learning of individual values.
To regulate the sense of the word with an organic basis of vchinku (Lanka mіzh bazhannyam to grow up and grow up with diami), the loss of childish serenity.
manifestation of power activity, instability of will and mood.
there is navmisnist, the child began to maneuver,
Development of active initiatives and
moral reason for their bazhannya, knowledge of the systems of vidnosin.
Psychological readiness before school - the formation of the main psychological spheres of the child's life (motivational, moral, volova, rosy, special). Intellectual readiness (rosy development of a child, stock of elementary knowledge, development of movi, etc.). Special readiness (the formulation of the readiness to accept the social position of the schoolboy, but little is right that ob'yazkiv; the position of the child to the school, to the beginning of the child, to the teachers, to himself). Volova readiness (development of moral and volitional qualities of particularity, as changes in the level of self-reliance in mental processes, in the mind of adhering to the rules).
5. Young school age (7-11 years))
Stage "maisternosti",
social status of a schoolboy (situation of education),
head motive - rejection of the high mark
Social status of a schoolboy: mastering knowledge, developing intellectual and educational performance
Initially - educational activity.
experience i school maladjustment, Self-assessment is envied, almost incompetent.
Estimation problem.
Devotion of respect, respect for competence, self-confidence, self-assessment, internal plan of the project, self-control, reflexion.
Intellectually - educational:
verbal and logical thinking, theoretically thinking, there is a synthesis of a meaningful memory, great respect (learning and good), primary motives, adequate self-assessment, self-understanding, thinking about living a life
Ditina step by step opanovu her mental processes.
In the organization of efficiency and social sphere: young schoolchildren are easy to admit, they do not grow up to trivial health, they are awkward, emotional.
Formation of pratsovitosti and witness to the witnesses
pratsi, which protist to assimilate powerlessness and marnotiosity,
piznannya ear of life
6.Adolescent vik (11-15 years)
The stage of splitting with one-pages: intensive physical and physiological development.
Emancipation from adults and groups.
Conformity, formulation of national and international self-awareness.
The transition from a fallow dynasty to independent and general growth.
Mastering the norms and common people among people.
Intimate and special spіlkuvannya, hypertrophied demand for spіlkuvannі with odnolіtki.
Professionally-specialty spіlkuvannya - a second spіlkuvannya at the specialties of those and the spіlnogo group activity for interests.
Crisis to the nature and common sense, domination for stature, independence, altogether in the daytime and realization. position - "not a child yet, not yet matured", mental and social changes on the lunatic, physiological overwake, difficult in the
Feeling the adulthood - putting the child up to himself,
"I-concept" (senior adult age), pragmatic to maturity, self-assessment, in accordance with the norms of collective life. Formation of interests and motivations of new skills.
Formation of volitional behavior, clearer of volodya with its own social frame.
Specialist (consumer-motivational)
theoretically reflexive misdirection, intellectualization of mind and memory, special reflexion, there is a cholovy glance at light and life. Promotion of creative health,
The health of the visitor is all the kind of rosy robots of the growth of the people. Smart operavate with hypotheses, virishuchi and intellectual staff. Intelligence and memory. Approximation of theoretical messages (judgment of creative impulses).
Pidlits become non-robbery, meticulous, shy away richly in their ruins,
p_dvischena stomlyuvanstvo, zabudliv_st, change in mood; hormonal storm, frequent change of mood, neurological importance, accentuation of character.
Zavdannya of the first integral self-understanding and his own mission in the world;
negative pole at the top of the line - inappropriateness in the mind
vlasnogo "I" ("diffusion of identity", the knowledge of systems in different situations.
7.Old school age (16-17 years old)
The stage of self-designation "light and me": at the moment the senior pupils borrow motives, connected with self-designation and preparation to an independent life, with further assertions and self-enlightenment.
Earn of decent social and psychological independence in all spheres, including: material and financial self-care, self-service, independence in moral judgments, political glances and vchinka. Awareness of the supernaturals in life (between the norms of morality, which are hardened by people and their children, between ideals and reality, between health and possibilities, etc.).
The cob vibir of the living way Mastering the professional knowledge, min.
Initially professional skill.
Moral specialness of the spirit.
For the first time, the nutrition of self-designation in the profession is determined, the nutrition of the senses and the life, the planning of the petty professional and the living way, the development of the future plans, and in the self.
Crisis of 17 rocks: fear of choice, of growing up lives.
Straightness in the future, prompting life plans and prospects (professional and special self-designation).
Formation of life plans, with a glance, readiness for a special and life self-meaning, for identity (a sense of adequacy and willingness to be special to the powerful self, just because of the change of the situation).
Piznavalnaya: in-depth knowledge of the processes, the rosum activity is more stylish and effective, coming close to the age of older people,
Smart development of special health, not often directly connected to the professional area, development of self-awareness. In the process of introspection, reflexion, nutrition, beasts to oneself have a glorious character, they are an element of a special self-meaning.
If you do not have the power of romantic reasons, happy calm, ordering the way of life, focus on the assessment of those who want, spiral on the authority, with the appearance of self-knowledge, impulsive unhappiness in the minds of thoughts and ideas.
Self-designation - social, special, professional, living plan. Knowledge of the professional sphere of activity.
8. Youth (from 17 to 20-23 rockiv)
stage "Human closeness":
The ear of the establishment of fair social and psychological independence in all areas, including material and financial self-care, self-service, independence in moral judgments, political glances and vchinka. Awareness of the supernaturals in life (between the norms of morality, which are hardened by people and their children, between ideals and reality, between health and possibilities, etc.)
Professional skills, professional development
workers are mined,
labor activity, mastering the norms of being accepted by people, the situation of choosing a living way.
Labor activity, professional skills.
Initial-professional activity
A new life situation, feeling incompetent, entered the university.
youthful maximalism, material independence.
Self-value is not enough.
Reasonableness of necessity. The meaning of irregular minds is knowledge. Readiness and actual building before the newest views.
Positive tendencies in development: preoccupation with knowledge and professionalism, widening of interests in the sphere of art, leading to the future in case of vibration of the profession, motive of motivation for mathematics (prestigious motivation, prosperity)
Originality of the message. Increased intellectual activity.
Student life style; parties, poachennya, vipivka or sports, focus on navchannya.
Self-designation is social, special, professional, spiritually practical. Navchannya, roboti shit, service in the army.
Head of youth and cob
adulthood - the scandal of the companion of life and the establishment of close friendships,
add some self-reliance.
9. Youth (from 20 to 30 years)
The stage of human development, the period of active professional, social and special development. Entry to the slut, people and children, development. The prospect of a fake life.
Vibir of the companion of life, the stem of the family, asserting itself in the profession, vibir of the life of the world.
Joining the labor collective and growing up with another professional, the establishment of the family.
The problem of the sense of life is a crisis of 30, the revaluation of values, the unrealization of the life thought. difficult in professional development the conquest of oneself and the uniqueness of various types of things,
Semeins and a sense of professional competence, majesty, fatherhood.
Іntensivne pіznavalny rozvitok, domіnuyut require samopovagi i samoaktualіzatsії, characteristic takozh Turbota about the Future blagopoluchchya lyudstva (in іnshomu vipadku vinikaє bayduzhіst i apatіya, nebazhannya dbati about іnshih, samopoglinannya Vlasna problems), harakterizuєtsya yak "stіyko conceptual sotsіalіzatsіya, if viroblyayutsya stіykі vlastivostі osobistostі" all psychic processes are stabilized, a person is developing a strong character. Vibir motive: professional, motives of creative achievement, wide social motives - the motive of special prestige, the motive of preserving and advancing the status, the motive of self-realization, the motive of self-assertion, material motives.
Powerful optimism, maximum praise. Creative activity.
I see, I wonder, the inevitability of short hours and pass in the tumultuous sweat of life, in the process of mastering all the new and new possibilities.
Vibir of the companion of life, the establishment of close friendships,
add a little bit of self-reliance, the stem of the family, the approval of the profession, but the main thing.
Age (30 to 60-70 years)
The peak of professional, intellectual achievements, "akme" is the pinnacle of the hour of a second development of specialness, if people can realize all their potential, seek the greatest success in all spheres of life. The whole hour is a vikonannya of his humanity - both in professional or huge activity, as well as in the plan of offensive generations. Values vіku: love, family, children .. Dzherelo happy in the whole vіtsі - family life, vzaєmorozumіnnya, successes of children, onuki.
Outside of the openness of their potential in professional performance and family differences.
Preserving the social status and looking at the merits of the donations.
Professionality and family life,.
Summaries in the correctness of the lived life and the significance for loved ones.
Shock a new sense of life. Self-reliance in adulthood, going to retirement, Productivity - stagnation. Kriza 40-sense of life, sharpening of the family's vidnosin.
Rethinking the lives of their goals,
assimilation of vidpovidalnosti for the change of his life in front of himself and in front of other people, productivity. The core of the living thought and the serpent "I am the concept" tied to them.
The productivity of a creative person, a professional, a turbot about people), inertia (self-care).
Reachable in the maturity of their development and the peak of professional productivity; creative potential etc. Then there is a recession, the behavior of professional productivity is decreasing: everything is more beautiful, but a person could grow in her life, get lost in the back, on the same paths along the way.
Emotional vitality in a way of growing and re-entangling to produce stressful situations and conditions. A big transition from becoming the most active, boisterous efficiency (the power of the period "akme"), to the step-by-step sore throat, interconnecting with him, to get healthier, less strength is needed, generations with sub'active internal non-negligence (not seeing old people for yourself).
wrestling
creative forces of people against the growth and stagnation, vikhovannya children. Open up your potential and realize it.
Piznya maturity (pislya 60-70 years)
Life is wisdom, how to rely on advices, when you feel respectful to the elder, to regain your biology for old, to start working on your work.
Reorientation of social activity and adaptation to the new life of a pensioner.
A change of prodigious activity: satisfaction of one significant abnormal motive, safety of satisfaction and promotion
Going to retirement, the destruction of the noble regime and the way of life, the destruction of the material camp, the death of a man and loved ones.
Bringing to death, see.
Bringing to death, reappraisal of life, learning of the value of life.
Physical, biological and mental age, lower memory function, sound of interest, focus on the immortality of the soul.
Ubuvah physical strength,
the growing frequency of depression, neurosis. Sleepiness to spogad_v, pacification.
Characterized by the formations of the residual integral manifestation of oneself,
his life way in the fight against the moody rozcharuvannya in life and
growing rozpachu.
2. Characteristics of winter crises in development
2.1 Age crisis of dynasty
Ditina grows unevenly. Є Periodically, it’s cool, but it’s stable, but it’s so called critical. Crisis in an empirical way, moreover, not by the way, but in a random order: 7, 3, 13, 1, 0. The hour of critical periods of a child for even a short term changes all at once, in the main rice of specialness. It’s not a revolution, it’s boisterous, it’s pushing forward, like the pace, so the change is seen behind the zmist. For critical periods, the following features are characteristic:
to the cordon, where the ear and the end of crises from the summers are coming,
in the edge is unclear. Kriza vinikє is uncomfortable, even more important
the moment of its beginning and ending. Riske zagostrennya (culmination) is spared in the middle of a crisis. In the whole hour of the crisis, the apogee is reached;
the difficulty of educating children in critical periods of time
served as a point of reference for the empirical vivchennya. sposter
steadfastness, failure of success and education, growth
a lot of conflicts with people. Internal life of the child in the center
an hour tied up with painful experiences;
negative nature of development. Apparently, when there is a crisis, in
see from stable periods, see, quickly, run,
nіzh creative robot. Ditina is not a style of nabuva, but of a
in the past. However, the recognition of the new in development does not unmistakably mean the recognition of the old. One hour in critical
Periodi sposter and constructive development processes.
L.S.
New critical periods are of a transitional nature, so that the stench does not get lost in that viglyad, in which, for example, they are autonomous in children of the same age.
Before an hour of stable periods the child accumulates more changes, and not as an hour of critical ones. The amount of change is accumulated every now and then and is inconceivable. The last of the development of the business starts to the cherguvannya of stable and critical periods.
The crisis of the family is visible in greater detail and lastly.
First - tse crisis of new marital (0-2 months). The crisis of a new child is not a response, but a response to the remnants and visions of particulars, a crisis period in the mental development of a child. Signs of a crisis - a waste of a vase in the first days of the nation.
The social situation of the newly born is specific and unrepeatable and begins with two moments. On one side, the price of a child is biological, it is not in the snake of the satisfaction of the daily life without the grown-up. With such a rank, unimportant - the most social isstota. On the other side, with the maximum fallowness of the older children, the child has been relieved of the main problems with the growth of the human movement. The supernaturalness of the maximum sociality and the smallest ways of spilkuvannya have laid the foundation for all the development of a child in a child's life.
Mainly new - the judgment of the child's individual mental life. New in the whole period, but, in the first place, life will become individual senses, we will limit it to the mother's organism. In another moment, those who are old psychotic lives, it is more than good for L.S.
Krisa one rock characterized by the development of a movable house. The biological system, tied with biorhythms, was completely regulated by the organism of the organism. Now she has gone into the supernaturalness of the verbal situation, based on self-punishment, or orders from the side of the grown-ups. In such a rank, a child in vіtsі is close to fate to appear in a zagala without a system, so that it allows him to hopefully develop in the new light: the biological rhythms are strongly deformed, but the young ones are not so molded, so that the child could freely behave.
The crisis is characterized by a backward regression of childishness, like a bi-zorotnim development. Emotionally manifested in affective. Emotions primitive. At the same time, deterioration occurs:
Destruction of all biological processes (sleep-non-sleep);
failure to satisfy all vital needs (for example
entering, feeling hungry);
Emotional anomalies (grumpiness, tearfulness, imaginativeness).
The crisis is not to be found until the gostrich.
gostry interest to your image in the mirror;
ditina spantelichuyutsya her call, callings tim, yak vin
viglyadaє in the eyes of the people. The girls show their interest before the outfits; lads demonstrate their efficiency, for example, in
designed. Gostro react to bad luck.
Crisis of 3 rock_v to follow up to gostrich. Ditina is uncrooted, falling into fierceness. The behavior may not be correct. Period is an important yak for a grown-up, as well as for a child herself. Symptoms of a crisis for the last few years are called seven-star crises of 3 rocks:
negativism - a reaction not to the predictions of the grown-ups, but to
then, you see, you see, they've grown up. Pragnennya zrobiti navpaki, navit all over
we will vlasnim bazhannyam;
vpertist - the child is napolyag on what not to the one who wants, but to the one who has clamped down on him, guilty of calling his first decisions;
tenacity - vona bezosobova, directed against the norms of vikhovannya, the way of life, which has grown to three rocky;
svavillya - pragne everything robit himself;
protest-rebellion - a child in the camp of failure and conflict with those who feel comfortable;
a symptom of anxiety appears in the fact that the child is beginning
barking, gratuvati and obzivati batkiv;
despotism is a child of a snake batkiv robiti everything that is in vimag.
Despotism appears as jealous of the younger sisters and brothers.
Krisa of seven rocks nagaduє crisis of one fate - the tse of a crisis of self-regulation. Ditina started to regulate her behavior with the rules. Earlier, when he was admitted, he started to start making claims for respect for himself, the behavior became chimerical. On one side, in the new one in behavior there is demonstrative naiveness, like a drag, the oskels are intuitively awake to feel like weakness. From іnshogo, we will be built to grow up: we present to the otochuyuchi standards.
For a child of 7 years, there is a single problem and intelligence, and during the period it is characterized by excessive forms of behavior. Ditina is not volodya in her senses (you can’t stream, but I don’t see keruvati with them). On the right, in that, having incorporated one form of behavior, it did not add another one.
Follow the crisis of seven rocks the crisis of the child's life
... A crisis of social development, a crisis of three rockets (“I myself”), only now “I myself” in a social sense. In the literature of descriptions such as "vіk other overriding of the umbilical cord", "the phase of statutory maturity is negative." It is characterized by the decline in success, the decline in prasezdatnost, disharmonious in the internal budovy specialness. Ludske I and svit distributed more, not in the last period. Krisa to lay down to gostrich. Symptoms of a crisis are:
decrease in productivity in the field of activity;
negativism.
To promote a decrease in productivity and building up to the initial efficiency in the region where the child is gifted. The regress will manifest itself, if you ask yourself creatively (for example, tvir). Children are built as it is, as before, only mechanics.
To see the light of the psyche, respect the child for the first time to turn on the other people. With the development of misinformation, it is an intensive self-perception, self-guarding, knowledge of the great experience of the powerful. To develop the light of the inner experience and the active action. At the end of the day, it’s a lot of kids to lead schoolchildren.
Another symptom of a crisis is negativity. The first phase is so called the phase of another negativity, by analogy with the crisis of three rockets. Ditina yak bi vidshtovkhutsya vіd midsovishcha, sorcerer, schilny before welding, discipline break. One hour I see internal restlessness, dissatisfaction, pragmatism to self-reliance, to self-isolation. In lads, negativity manifests itself more often and more often, less in women, and to repair less - in 14-16 years.
The behavior of the child during the crisis is not necessarily negative. L. S. Vigotsky writes about three options for behavior:
negativism of yaskravo bends in all areas of life. whereby
tse trivaє abo decilka tizhnіv, abo pіdlіtok nadovgo vipadaє z
sіm'ї, inaccessible to housekeepers of elders, anxious abo, navpaki, stupid. tse
the importance of the state of affairs is spontaneous in 20% of the children;
ditina is a potential negativist. Tse is manifested deprivation in everyday life situations, the leading rank as a reaction to the negative influx of the middle (family conflagration, galvanized school environment). There are a large number of such children, approximately 60%;
negative symptoms are mute in 20% of children.
Kriza Yunatskogo viku
nagadu crisis of one fate (moving behavior regulation) and 7 rocks (normative regulation). 17 rocks have value-based self-regulation of behavior. As soon as a lyudin comes to explain, and then, regulate his work, then, if necessary, explain his behavior, willy-nilly, to bring them to order with new legislative schemes. 1
Young people are encouraged to take philosophical intoxication of svidomosty; In some way, the transition to a central relativism (the validity of all values).
In youth, young people have a problem with the choice of living values. The youth pragmatically formulate the inner position according to the attitude to yourself ("Who am I?" Even in her youth, a young Lyudin is surely waking up her place in the middle of the categories of good and evil. "Honor", "gіdnіst", "right", "obligations" and іnsі characterize the specialty of the category of hospitality of people in youth. In his youth, a young man has expanded the range of good and evil to the border between and visions of his own mind and his soul in the range of the beautiful, worn out, good to the hungry, low-lying, evil. The youthfulness of the pragmatic does not see itself in the spokes and similarities, in the struggle and in the podolanny, in the fall and in the development- in all that, the development of spiritual life, as the power of the camp and the heart of the people. It is significant for the young man himself and for all people, as a young man has chosen the path of spiritual growth and success for herself, and not focusing on vice and prototypical garlic. Vibir of the internal position - the Velma is not an easy spiritual robot. The young people, who have gone to the analysis and imposition of the values of the past and their domineering tendencies and the costly organizations, to establish a sense of innovation and to accept the historical value of the standards and standards In addition, the current ideas of the state, new ideologists and false prophets are stepping on a new one. Win vibiraє for himself inadaptive, for an adaptive position in life, at the same time, but he himself is in a position that is acceptable to him, and is also correct. 1
Itself in youth, to become stricken with need until the emergence, to preserve their unique light from the invasion of outsiders and close people in order to be able to think through the reflexions of being aware of the specialness, to preserve their own identity, to realize their own identity Vidokremlennya yak zabimannya distance while interacting with others allowing young people to "take their own exposure" on the emotional and rational spilkuvannya. Identity - evocation in youth has its own specifics: a young person is "hotter" and "colder" at once, less than a person in recent periods. Tse manifests itself in a bezpolkuvanny with people, creatures, nature. At that and the other pole of good and evil, identification and alien dominant young. It’s time for a moody reckless hate and moody non-pretentious hatred. Cohannia- the identification is supervised. hatred- look for an extreme step. Itself in the youth of a lyudin I will become bored with ambivalence. Itself in youth, the convergence of people is seen to find the potential for humanity and spirituality, but in every day people can descend to the most dismal glimpses of inhumanity. Youth- Period, if a young Lyudin prodovzhuh reflexuvati on his vіdnosini sіm'yu in the jokes of his mіstsya among those close by blood. It’s to pass through, vigorously from childhood and anxiously entering into the period of youth, to know the power of another people’s specialness. Youth is self-aggravated developing in its own reflective health. The reflexion is given the opportunity for a subtle feeling in the power of the experience, spontaneous, mutually modifying motives and one-time- cold analysis and analysis of the intimacy with the normative. Reflections to lead a young man over internal light and allow you to take a position in the whole world.
2.2 Vіkovі crises of the growing population
The older ones have three main crises: the crisis of 30 years, the crisis of the "middle of life" and the crisis of the elders. A great deal of flexibility in organizing the psychological education of grown-ups - the aim of attracting people to a robot with themselves. To achieve often the projection of a crisis on otocheniya, and in any way people come to a consultation with a power supply, is absolutely inadequate to the real situation. 1
Kriza 30 rocks Polyagaє is in that, that Lyudin has arrived, but a lot of wine can’t change in his life, in his own: family, profession, zvichny way of life. Self-realization on this stage of life, in the period of youth, the people are quick to understand that, by the way, to stand in front of the same employees is a joke, self-designating in the new surroundings of life, in the midst of real opportunities (including fewer and fewer). Tsia krisa viyavlya to myself at the sight of the need to "come to work" and to inform about those who go to a new stage of life - for maturity. "The crisis of thirty" is a clever name. The whole camp can come and earlier, and when you see a crisis, I can step on the life path more than once (like in childhood, adolescence, youth), so as the process of development goes along the spiral, not.
For cholovikіv at all o'clock the change of robots is characteristic, for the change in the way of life, and the change in the mode of life on the robot and the car does not change. A common motive for volunteering to go to the robot is the lack of satisfaction with the robot itself: the versatile situation, the work of the work itself, the wages and salaries, and so on.
Surviving the crisis of thirty years, Lyudin shukes the possibility of changing one's own life in an old-fashioned life, assuring his status of an older one: he wants a good robot, he is pragmatic to safety and stability. People are more impressed by the fact that it is more possible to engage in hope and encouragement, to create a "world", and to work hard for everyone.
Krisa in the middle of life - this is the hour when people critically analyze and evaluate their life. Someone can be pleased with themselves, vvazayuchi, but the stench reached the peak of their powers. For those who have lived through their lives, it can be a painful process. They do not care for those who are normative in terms of factors, such as Sivin, who are in the midst of a life-threatening situation, or menopause at some other time with abnormal conditions, for example, for those who are separated, or for the second robot, who are suffering from middling stress, anticipating or looking like normal moments of life.
On the ear of the fifth ten years of life (maybe three years earlier or more) a person goes through a period of critical self-assessment and reassessment of what has been reached in life for a whole hour, an analysis of the authenticity of the way of living problems: virulent morality; people go through the dissatisfaction with the lovable vidnosin, the turbot about leaving the booths of children and dissatisfied with the level of service growth. There are the first signs of the destruction of health, the loss of beauty and physical form, the sight of others in the family and in those with grown-up children, to come bewildered, but nothing short of life, in love. This psychological phenomenon is called the crisis of the middle of life (term of introductions by Levinson). People critically re-evaluate their life, analyze it. Even more often the reevaluation leads to the conclusion that "life has passed without a hitch and an hour has already been consumed." 1
The crisis of the middle age of tying because of the fear of old age and realizing that you will reach even less than that, now it has passed, and in an unrepentant period, following the course of change in physical strength and hospitality. People in power have been overwhelmed by the power of powerless people and people who feel comfortable. Physical signs of old are becoming more and more obvious and experienced as an individual as a waste of beauty, addiction, physical forces and sexual energy. All prices і on a special and on social basis are evaluated negatively. In addition, people are growing up at the end of the day, but they can come to the end of the new generation, as having finished professional preparation according to the new standards, energetic, as soon as they are ready for the new generation. salary.
At the same hour, the people will start to learn how they will see the inevitable physiological changes in their posture by their will. Lyudina is viznaє, she’s mortal, and when she’s bound to come, she’s not able to complete everything that I’m so blessedly banging and what’s wrong. There is a collapse of hopes, tied up with infantile statements about their life (power, wealth, we all feel). In fact, in the middle of the week, sluts often fall apart.
In the midst of a crisis in the middle of life, people and women have seen deceit of vision. It is shown that women of the stage of the life cycle in the larger world of structuring are not chronological, but by the stages of the family cycle - love, having children, being overwhelmed by children of the father's family.
With such a rank, stretching out the crisis of the "middle of life", win and because of growth, you need a joke of your own way, but on the other way, you can win a lot of money. Symptoms characteristic of a crisis are nudge, a change in the robotics and / or a partner, remember to show violence, self-neglecting thoughts and disabilities, minority in individuals, depression, anxiety and growing visibility. Such symptoms indicate the need of people to change their life. In the capacity of one of the paths of the crisis, individuation begins. There is a need for development, allowing you to reach the maximum possible degree of specialness. "The process of getting rid of, or individation, is necessary, to bring the people to the knowledge, to take him over the camp of identifying with the object."
Leave the ear for identification with a call, an active light, a person sees to himself a view of a sub-active reality. It’s noisy, people are hungry for a sense of socialism, a bit more sophistication of people who are familiar with people, who then develop their own specialties more. Something more highly organized is a specialty, more than a little more people with a lot of people. "So, as a lyudin is not just an environment, from an insularity, but by virtue of its very existence of schilia to suspiciousness, the process of indivisibility is obliged to lead the call not to the isolation, but, navpaki, to the expansion of the spectrum of sociality." In general, there is a paradox of individuatsii. Lyudina is most likely to be more familiar with the interests of the suspension, as it becomes an integral specialty and to bring her own dialectics into the new one, which is necessary for psychological health, whether it be a social group. In such a rank, praction to individualization is not narcissistic; This is the best way to bring cority to the suspension and to adapt the individuation of those people.
Ostann_y, pezglyanuty crisis - tsecrisis of old and death ... The solution of the zagalnulyudskoy problem "living and experiencing the elders", the choice of the strategy of the old is not to be looked at vuzko, as if at the same time, the process of stretching, maybe on the rocky processes, tying with the hem of the decilky crises. 1
The kidnapped person (elder) has three sub-crises. The first one of them is a polyag in the re-evaluation of the vlast "I" in the middle of his professional role, as the bagatokh people already have a headache before they enter retirement. Another subcrisis of dressings is based on the knowledge of the fact of deterioration of health and old age, so that people have the opportunity to play around in their own plan, they need a lot. As a result of the third subcrisis, people have become self-concerned, and now they can think about death without a hitch (supplement B).
Our social structure is infected, as well as philosophy, religion and medicine, as nothing can be proponated to relieve the mental anguish of the dead. Lithuanian old people, as a rule, are afraid not of death itself, but of the power of a purely dewy feeling, relieved by some sense, and also citizens and torments, which are susceptible to ailments. It is possible to ascertain the appearance of two provincial attitudes in those they were brought up to death: in the first place, neatness to tighten your loved ones, in a different way, to pretend to eliminate sick fellow citizens. To that, a lot of people, being overwhelmed in a similar camp, are going through a very large and all-contented crisis, which can suddenly feel biological, emotional, philosophical and spiritual aspects of life.
In the whole period, it is important to understand the social and psychological mechanisms of adaptation of people to the phenomenon of death. It’s about the system of psychological death, about the significant models of symbolic immortality, about the social testing of death - the cult of ancestors, memorial rites, funeral and memorial services, and about educational programs propedeutical to the phenomenon of death, in my commonplace
The culture of spiriting the death of the people of the people is not present in many warehouse foreign culture, as a specialty, as well as suspensions in general. At the same time, it is absolutely fair to be greeted by being put before death to serve as a standard, an indicator of the moral stance of the suspension, of its civilization. It is important to consider not only thinking for normal physiological living, but thinking for optimal living, satisfying the need of old and old people in the knowledge, culture, for the generation of the past, often in the midst of life.
Reasons for the development of a crisis in the winter stages
The crisis of new marital life is the mid-period between the intrauterine and prenatal way of life. Yakby, if the new people didn’t have grown-up people, then after a few years, they would be guilty. Moving to a new type of function, we will only grow up. Dorosly guarding a child from a bright light, burying her from a cold, protecting her from a noise, etc.
With the reaction of growth on the face of mother in about two and a half months (0; 2.15), the more important new period of new growth is a complex of growth. The complex of povavlennya is a whole-heartedly positive reaction, as it is supervised by crashes and sounds. Until the end of the day, the child bully was chaotic, uncoordinated. The complex will develop coordination of rukhiv. The complex of food is the first act of behavior, the act of seeing a grown-up person. This is the first act of splitting. The pozhvavlennya complex is not just a reaction, the process of pouring in on an older person (N.M.Schelovanov, M.I. Lisina, S.Yu. Meshcheryakova). Craig G. Psychology development. - SPb. Peter, 2007 .-- p. 153
The complex of pozhvavleniya is the main new solution of the critical period. This marks the end of the new race and the ear of the new stage of development - the stage of childhood. To this, the development of a complex of living is a psychological criterion for the end of the crisis of the new genital.
Krisa is the first rock of life. Up to 9 months - a cob of crisis of the first rock - the child starts to grow up, starts walking. Yak pidkreslyuvav D. Elkonin Obukhova L.F. Vikova psychology. - M .: Vischa svita; MGPPU, 2007 .-- p. 268, the smut in the act of walking does not deprive those who expand the expanse of the child, ale and those who see the child as old. Forward to see the fragmentation of a single social situation "mi": now it's not the mother who is leading the child, but who wants the mother to be. Walking is the main thing for a child's new creation, which signifies the development of the old situation.
Another fundamentally new vіku is the appearance of the first word. The peculiarity of the first words is that the stench has the character of formal gestures. Walking and getting rid of the subject matter in order to move it, as it would be pleased with the drive of the object. Mova, yak and all new viku, has a transitional character. The price is autonomous, situational, emotionally secured by mova, zoosulya only to those close to you. Tsemova, specific for its structure, can be stored in outlines of words.
The third, most importantly, a new creation of a child's wisdom is the determination of manipulative actions with objects. Manipuluuyuchi with them, the child is still interested in Physical power... You still need to master the human ways of working with human objects, as you can feel him everywhere. And as soon as we go from the old social situation to the development of supervising the negative emotional manifestations of the child, we see at the grief of his physical independence, if the child does not care about the will of the child. Such behavior of L.S. Vigotsky followed E. Krechmer calling hypobolic reactions - reactions to protest, in which will and affect have not yet been differentiated Rubinstein S.L. Fundamentals of foreign psychology. - SPb: Peter, 2007 .-- p. 318.
In the first stage of development of a child, it is possible to say that from the very ear of the first two stages of development of mental development: the line of development of organization in the senses of human activity The development of one line of new opportunities for the development of the new. Isnu is obvious, magistral, for the skin vein it has its own line of development. However, the main new establishment, which is to bring the old social situation to the evil, is formed according to the іnshіy line, as it is not directed in the Danish period; stink yak bi prikhovano.
Krisa three rock_v. Elza Keler Obukhova L.F. Vikova psychology. - M .: Vischa svita; MGPPU, 2007 .-- pp. 283-285I have seen a few important symptoms of a crisis.
Negativity. The price of a negative reaction is tied to the proteges of one people to the last people. Dytina seeks to grow up to grow up to singing vimogs. Negativism is not possible with deaf ears. Not hearsay buvaє і in a big early vіtsі.
Obstinacy. Tse reaction to your own decision. Stubbornness is not a matter of being overwhelmed. The stubbornness of a polyag is in the fact that a child is napolyag on her vimos, her own decision. Here you will see a vision of specialness, and you will see a visitor, and some people are booming.
Non-availability. Close to negativity and obstinacy, ale of specific features. Non-admission to be of a greater generalization and a greater non-special character. There is a protest against the order, which is seen in the house.
Svavillya. Pragnennya to the emancipation of the grown-up. Ditina herself wants to be robbed. Part of the tse nagaduє crisis of the first fate, ale there child pragnuv to physical independence. Here I’m talking about more great speeches - about the independence of my mind, I’ll think.
Znetsinennya are grown up. Sh. Buhler described the zhah of the family, since the mother thought about the child: “fool” Stolyarenko L.D. Fundamentals of Psychology. - Rostov n / a: Fenix, 2007 .-- p. 635.
Rebellion protest, which manifests itself in frequent welds with beads. “All the child’s behavior is to protest, it’s not the child’s life to be in the camp with the chilled out, in constant conflict with them,” wrote L.S. Vigotskiy Vigodskiy L.S. Nutrition of child psychology. - SPb.: Union, 2007. - p. 60.
Despotism. To live in the family with one child. Ditina shows despotic control over the relationship to all the nasty and vishuky for all the helpless ways.
Western European authorities see negative moments in crises: a child who is seen as old, ditching social connections, as earlier they had unified them as they grew older. L.S. Vigotskiy Vigodskiy L.S. Nutrition of child psychology. - SPb.: Union, 2007. - p. 85After receiving it, such an interpretation is incorrect. Dytina will be able to stand up to new, bigger forms, from those who feel comfortable. Yak vvazhav D. B. Elkonin Elkonin D.B. Vibranі psychological pratsі. - M .: ART-PRES, 2005 .-- p. 268, a crisis of three rockies is a crisis of social changes, and every crisis is a crisis of seeing one's own "I".
Crisis of three rockies є breaking the bonds of money, as they fled to the point of being a child and grow up. Until the end of the early period, the tendency to self-esteem, which marks those who are older than close for the child with the object and the way of doing it, but as if to be able to emerge in front of him, appear like The phenomenon “I myself” does not mean only the recognition of the call of the mind of self-reliance, but the instantaneous recognition of the child from the old people. As a result of such an increase in the age of the child, the child's life is recognized for the first time. The light of a child's life, surrounded by objects, will be transformed into the light of grown-up people.
Perebudova is possible only in the same way, when the child is seen from the old age of the people. There are obvious signs of such an appearance, which are manifested in the symptomatology of the crisis of three rockets (negativity, obstinacy, stubbornness, svavillya, sentimental age).
From the new crisis of three rocky winnings, the tendency to independent efficiency, at the same hour, similar to the activity of an older person, is also able to play for a child like a child, and a child wants children, like a stench. The tendency of life For the grown-up people to grow up to go through the whole family; a child, seen from a grown-up person, I will put up more glasses with him, and then I will sit on D.B. Elkonin Ibid. S. 269 ..
The crisis of seven rocks. On the basis of the diagnosis of special evidence of the crisis of the seven rocks. The main symptomatology of a crisis is: the loss of bezposrednost: mizh bazhannyam and dyєyu to wedge in the experience of what is meaningful for the child herself; demeanor: the child is going to be out of myself, I’m going to prikhovuє (the soul is already closed); symptom of "girkoi zukerki": child is rotten, ale vin is not shown; Difficult wickedness: the child is beginning to become confused and become uncooperative.
At the heart of these symptoms is an emotional experience. The child of Vinikl has a new inner life, a life of experience, as it is not directly and without a mediocre imposition on the life of the life. Ale tsya inner life of a non-baiduzh for a zvnishnya, won on a non-baiduzh. The recognition of this phenomenon is a superbly important fact: now the behavior of behavior will be broken through the peculiarities of the child's experience.
Symptom roztinaє doshkіlny i molodshy shkіlny vіk, staє "symptom vtrati bezposerednostі": mіzh Bazhanov schos zrobiti i samoyu dіyalnіstyu vinikaє Novi point - orієntatsіya in fact scho brought ditinі zdіysnennya tієї chi іnshoї dіyalnostі Symptom vtrati bezposerednostі - tse vnutrіshnya orієntatsіya in fact, yaky Sense of a mother for a child of good health: satisfaction and lack of satisfaction from that day, like a child with a loan from old children or older people. Here, for the first time, the basis is vchinku. As soon as you look at D.B. Elkonin there and then, de and if there is an orientation to the sensory change, - there and only the child will go to the new psychological wik Elkonin D.B. Vibranі psychological pratsі. - M .: ART-PRES, 2005 .-- p. 273.
The crisis is in the transition to the new social situation, in the new zmistu in the open. Dytina is guilty of joining the stosuns with a suspension of people, because she is obliged to do so, because she needs to and is suspiciously good. Our minds have a tendency to swirl around in a pragmatic way to go to school. He is not very vishy, the child can reach up to seven rockets, to overcome the problem of the child's readiness to school navchannya... Caution in the first days of transferring a child to school is to show that they are not ready to go to school until the beginning of the day.
The crisis of the summer season. The process of forming a new solution, as it grows a child from a grown-up, stretches out at a time and can appear irresistibly, through which to a child one hour to see and a "child", "and" old. For L.S. Vigotsky, Sapogova E.E. Psychology of development of people. - M .: Art-Press, 2006 .-- p. 235-236in the social situation, the development of 2 tendencies is evident: 1) the growth of growth (the occupation of school children, the present day and socially significant requirements, material for the growth) 2) growing up (acceleration, self-reliance, sub-active perception of stature, etc.). There is a great deal of great versatility in individual options for development in the adult age - from schoolchildren, with a child's eye and interests, until they grow up to the length of the road, to the other side.
Puberty development (I am looking for hours from 9-11 to 18 years). Stretching out for a relatively short period, which borrowed in the middle of the 4th rock, only the child is proud of significant changes. There are two main reasons behind me: 1) the need to reconstruct the self-image of the "I" and to induce the cholovic and female "generic" identity; 2) step-by-step transition to mature genital sexuality, as it is characterized by eroticism with a partner and by two reciprocal pulls.
Formation of identity (to go beyond the period between childhood and amusement hours from 13-14 to 20-21 years). With a sweep of the mid-summer, a new sub-active reality is gradually formed, as a re-creation of the manifestation of an individual about himself and another. The formation of psychosocial identity, which lies at the basis of the phenomenon of adult self-awareness, including three main development: 1) assimilating the time-span of the powerful "I"; 2) assimilating to oneself how to know the type of interiorization of Batkiv images; 3) the system and vibrations are working, so that the integrity of the specialties is not ensured (in the main message about the vibration of the profession, state polarization and ideological installations).
It is an age-old crisis, which often and throughout the entire period is called "critical", "breakable".
For children of no type, no special crises, no collapse of the "I" -concept, no tendencies to see or from earlier values and likeness. I am in power before the consolidation of their identity, as they are characterized by a zooseredge on their "I", in the presence of super-sensitive attitudes and in general in the form of any forms of psychological rizik. The stench also takes a strong attachment to fathers and not to the overworldly independence of sights, social and political attitudes.
S.E. Spranger describing the 3 type of development in the middle. The first type is characterized by a sharp, boisterous, crisp interruption, if the youth is experienced as a friend of the people, as a result of a new "I". Another type of development is a smooth, dominant, step of growth, if the maturity reaches a mature life without big and serious damage in a very special state. The third type is such a process of development, if the children themselves are actively and apparently form and wriggle themselves, adding to the will of the internal anxieties and crises. Wine characteristic of people with a high level of self-control and self-discipline.
The head of the new decision, according to E. Spranger, is the recognition of "I", the recognition of reflexion, the understanding of one's own individuality, as well as feeling the love of P.Ya. Galperin. Introduction to psychology. M. - Education, 2006 .-- p. 82-83.
Sh. Buhler develops psychotic puberty from forestry (physical), like a fit in the middle among lads for the period between 14-16 rocks, among women - between 13-15 rocks. With the growth of culture, the period of psychic puberty will rise in proportion to the period of physicality, as well as the reason for difficulties in life Stolyarenko L.D. Fundamentals of Psychology. - Rostov n / a: Fenix, 2007 .-- p. 292.
The re-adaptation of the child's attitude to the young man is manifested in the change of the basic attitude according to the attitude to the new life: after the negative phase of life, the power of the pubertal stage, the next phase of life is characteristic of the youth.
The main risks of the negative phase: sensitiveness and agility, restlessness, light sleepiness, as well as "physical and mental lack of spirit", as they know their own behavior in the sluggishness and humility. People who are not happy with themselves, and who are not happy are carried over to the next day, sometimes leading to thoughts about suicide.
Until then, there is a series of new internal pulls to the intriguing, fenced, non-vicious, before going over the inter-priestly and orderly everyday life. Disobedient, busy with the harrowing on the right, mayyut at the whole hour with a particularly gripping force. Pidlitok is self-conscious, alien and immaterial in the everyday life of grown-ups and one-sided. Until tsyogo come to rozcharuvannya. Specific ways of behavior - "passive melancholy" and "aggressive self-wicked". A delight of all these appearances is the back of a decrease in pracezdatnost, an isolation of all those who feel, or an active preference to them, and of a kind of asocial vchinka.
The end of the phase is tied from the end of the forest ripening. It is a positive period to repent because of the fact that before the child there is a new gleam of joy, to the point of not knowing until the whole hour: "experiencing nature", with experiencing the beautiful, love.
Kriza Yunatskogo Vіku. Yunatskiy Vіk is characterized by a greater, in proportion to the age, differentiation of emotional reactions and ways of rotating emotional stances, as well as the development of self-control and self-regulation. Youthful attitudes and Emocyyni Vidnosini Styles and learning, not among children, and speaking with a wider range of social minds.
Youth is characterized by the expansion of the stake of especially significant differences, which are based on emotional feelings (moral and ethical respect, empathy, the need for friendship, spirits and love, politics, religion, etc.). The price is also tied to the establishment of internal norms of behavior, and the breakdown of power norms is also tied to the actualization of some guilt. In youth, the sphere of aesthetic sentiments, humor, irony, sarcasm, wonderful associations is expanding. One of those who found the job started to take emotional experience to the process of misery, internal life - satisfaction with "thinking", creativity.
The development of emotionalism in youth is closely linked with the individual and special qualities of the people, their self-awareness, self-judgment, etc.
The central psychological new establishment of the youthful vik is the formation of a strong self-awareness and a stable image of the "I". The price is tied to the strengths of special control, self-control, a new stage in the development of intelligence. The head of the early adolescence is the insight of one's inner light, its emancipation from the grown-ups
Vіkovі devastation in children іnhіh so self-admitted and up to self-perception, self-awareness. At the end of the day, there is a tendency to adhere to individuality, dissimilarity to others. Yunaks form a powerful model of specialness, for the help of which stench they begin to put themselves before them.
The insight of the "I", its own unique inner light, is not often associated with a number of psychodramatic experiences.
Yunatskiy Vіk is the most important period of development, for any attack of the main crisis of identity. It is followed either by the "growth of the identity", or by the development of the "diffusion of the identity".
Interval between youth and grow up, if young lyudin pragne (by way of trials and pardons) knows his own place in suspension,
The state of the crisis is to lay down as the level of permissibility is greater than the early crisis (doviri, In independence, activity, etc.), as well as in the entire spiritual atmosphere of suspension.
A non-overpowering crisis will lead to the state of the state of diffusion of identity and to become the basis of the special pathology of the youth. The syndrome of pathology of identity, according to E. Erikson, is connected with such moments: regression to infantile rivny and desire of a yakomog before adding a line to an elderly status; unclear, ale stiyke camp of triviality; a little bit of isolation and waste; permanently perebuvannya in the camp ochіkuvannya chogos such, which is possible to change life; fear of special spilkuvannya and lack of modernity to pour on a particular antiquated stati; preference and contempt for all the recognized huge roles, right up to the cholovich and the women ("unisex"); contempt to all vіtchiznyа and іrratsіonalne overvogue of all earthly (for the principle "good there, de us not"). In extreme cases, the reproach of negative identity is repaired, the pragmatic of "statistic nothing" as the only way of self-determination, and only the nature of suicidal tendencies Sapogova E.E. Psychology of development of people. - M .: Art-Press, 2006 .-- p. 287-288.
Yunatsky Vіk traditionally vvazhaєtsya vіkom the problem of fathers and children.
Yunaki shouldn't be too old to grow up in rural areas and would like to have friends and friends in them, and not mentors. Oskilki ide intensively mastering the "mature" roles and forms of social life, the stench is often required for older people, that at all times it is possible to promote, as often youngsters and children joke for the sake of friendship with their elders. Daddy can use a butt, a model of behavior, with a whole dovgo.
At the same hour in the youth, the growths of pragmatic emancipation appear, emerging from the inflow of the seeds, the growth of the fallowness. Therefore, it is inevitable that the fathers take the autonomy of their children often lead to conflicts.
In addition, the youngsters often do not reflexively reflexively placed before them from the side of the grown-ups.
In addition, the youngsters often do not reflect inaccurately when they are put up to them from the side of the grown-ups. In general, it is possible to say the next step: in the youth autonomy from the grown-ups and the meaning of the Hromadske Kharchuvannya to the one-sided grows. The general pattern here is as follows: more girder, more foldable one-liners with grown-ups, more intensive ones will be more efficient with one-licks. Ale is far from expecting the flow of fathers and one-liners to each other. "Significance" of fathers and one-liners is fundamentally different in other spheres of youthful activity. The maximum autonomy of the stench is in the spheres of dosvillya, stimulation, vilny spilkuvannya, inner life, living with life. That is why psychologists vvazhayut for beautifully talking not about the lowering of the fathers, but about the destruction in the youthful spilkuvanny.
The crisis of youth. In youth, the strategy of life can be versatile. One person can at once find out their life line and professional perspective and easily realize themselves in them, who, in respect of trying to be more beautiful, try themselves in different colors, looking for the prospect of self-realization for themselves,
For youth as a whole, it is characteristic to be prone to the spiritual, to the spiritual, to the high, to the extraordinary, to the altogether not sentimental and romantic, as in youth, but realistically - as the ability to reach, snake, stat, "zrobiti yourself."
In quiet people, if the active mind of life does not give the opportunity to reach the necessary "cultural heights", they often comprehend yak "іnsha (tsіkava, pure, new) life" psychopathization, etc.), young lyudin shukє be-y, don’t know the brutal, the way to live from the "non-organic" middle-class, some of the very allowance is to assimilate the vividness of the richness of life - "zealousness" Often times, it’s a matter of fact, but we’re getting a new way of wandering around in a quick change way of living, traveling, changing the mission of robotics, etc., beckon to comprehend like a crisis of youth.
The crisis of youth is often attributed to the crisis of family relations. For the first time in the float among young people of Bagatyokh, they are aware of the illusions, the romantic mood, the vision of the eyes, the confusion of the positions and values, the negative manners are more often demonstrated, the partners are more often in the future
At the heart of the crisis of family failures there can be aggression in family failures, the rough structure of the partner’s reception and the negligent acceptance of the rich side of this specialness (especially when it’s over and over). In the midst of the shlyubakh, how to show the doslіdzhennya, dominate the cholovіki. Ale there, de їkh vlada zanadto is great, the stability of the boat will collapse. In the middle class, it is important to be confused by other rows, and not by the main special characteristics of friends. Friendship is madness with wickedness.
The period of youth from the people of the children to bring to the life of people and new social roles, and without a mediocre development in the historical hour. It’s not only the mastered professional roles, the roles of the man and the squad, sexual partners, etc., but the roles of the mother and father. Mastering the same roles is rich in what to become specific to the process of growing up.
Even more often in youth, the role of internal confrontation is introduced.
Middle crisis crisis. The crisis of the middle age is marvelous and terrible is the time for the psychic development of people. There are a lot of people (especially creative people) who didn’t know what they were, and who didn’t know the new sense of life, just go with it. During the whole period (during the period of age) the seizure is the greatest number of suicides.
For a grown-up people, they can fix their nutritional status, but they are not in the middle of it, but they can sit in the middle and do it. “Who has my senses!?”, “Who do I want !? If it’s so, then it’s so far !? »Etc. Uyavlennya about life, which was spread between twenty and thirty rocks, not satisfied with it. Analyzing the passes of the paths, his achievements and failures, Lyudin has arrived, but when already formed and the call of a prosperous life, the specialness of his wasn’t fulfilled, but it’s a lot of time and energy was dauntingly, because there’s a little bit of damage in the lives of children. ... In other words, to see a revaluation of values, a critical re-examination of one's "I". Lyudina viyavlya, who is not rich in his life, in his own life, in his own life: family, profession, zvichny way of life. Self-realization in the period of youth, the people are quick to understand that, by the way, to stand in front of the same employees is a joke, self-meaning in the new surroundings of life, with the possibility of real possibilities (including some, not earlier). Tsia krisa viyavlya to myself at the sight of the need to "come to work" and to inform about those who go to a new stage of life - for maturity. "The crisis of thirty" is a clever name for the crisis. The whole camp can come and earlier, and when you see a crisis, I can step on the life path more than once (like in childhood, adolescence, youth), so as the process of development goes along the spiral, not.
For the choloviks at all times, it is characteristic of separation, the change of robots, or the change of the way of life, of expensive speeches, the frequent change of sexual partners, and moreover, there is a change of heart for the youth of the rest. Win, like bi, to get those who could not be cut off in a big early visit, realizing their children and young consumers.
Women have a crisis in the 30th hour and get ready to change the priorities, standing on the ear of early maturity. A woman who has been organizing for the replacement and development of children is now, in a larger world, repairing the work of the professional community. At the same hour, when the robots have given their strength, now, as a rule, they are sent to the bosom of this whore.
Experiencing a crisis moment of your life, people are shy, the possibility of changing your life in a grown-up life, confirming his status of an elderly person: if you want your mother to be good for a robot, if you want it to be safe and stable. People are more impressed by the fact that it is more possible to engage in hope and encouragement, to create a "world", and to work hard for everyone.
The middle of life. On the ear of the fifth ten years of life (maybe three years earlier or more) a person goes through a period of critical self-assessment and reassessment of what has been reached in life for a whole hour, an analysis of the authenticity of the way of living problems: virulent morality; people go through the dissatisfaction with the lovable vidnosin, the turbot about leaving the booths of children and dissatisfied with the level of service growth. There are the first signs of the destruction of health, the loss of beauty and physical form, the sight of others in the family and in those with grown-up children, to come bewildered, but nothing short of life, in love.
This psychological phenomenon is called the crisis of the middle of life. People critically re-evaluate their life, analyze it. Even more often the reevaluation leads to the conclusion that "life has passed without a hitch and an hour has already been consumed."
The crisis of the middle age of tying because of the fear of old age and realizing that you will reach even less than that, now it has passed, and in an unrepentant period, following the course of change in physical strength and hospitality. People in power have been overwhelmed by the power of powerless people and people who feel comfortable. Physical signs of old are becoming more and more obvious and experienced as an individual as a waste of beauty, addiction, physical forces and sexual energy. All prices і on a special and on social basis are evaluated negatively. In addition, people are growing up in the quiet, but they can come to the croc after the new generation, professional training up to the new standards, energy, with new ideas and willingness to wait for the earliest times, for a significantly lower salary.
As a result, the old depressive villages are dominant in the backward mood of moods, at the same time, from the amiable actions, from which people either live in the world, or in real life try to "bring their youth" through love and intrigue and evil. At the end of the period, Lyudin looked at his life and asked for food, which is even more terrible, but you should not bring lulls: "Who am I, okremo from my biography and roles, how am I going to be victorious?" Yakshho vin vidkriva, he is alive, molding and changing the "I" - that is, vіn vіdkriva for himself the possibility of another growth. Qia crisis - the possibility of re-assignment and reorientation of specialness, a transitional ritual between the progression of the middle-aged period at the stage of "first adolescence" and the inevitable requirements of the elder and the nearness of death. That is, it is easy to go through a tsiu crisis, you see that your life has become more significant. Tsei period will see the prospect of a new look at my “I”, although, it is true, it is often tied with great sore eyes.
Crisis to obey in the grip of the unseen man. Seeing "I", a human being as a result of socialization, at the same time formed by a new child and a supreme complex, at the same time with his inner child's thieves, fixing the squeaky and scrambling to fight against themselves. Before the crisis was assimilated, it was the Lyudin who would direct her Zusilla to the podolannya, ignoring or unknowing the grip of a clay grip (for example, for additional alcohol).
Having found himself on the way to the crisis of the middle century, Lyudin to Volodya's realist missionaries, being aware of the style of heartache and heartache, so that he could find the unique appearance of particles of his own psychology.
At the same hour, the people will start to learn how they will see the inevitable physiological changes in their posture by their will. Lyudina is viznaє, she’s mortal, and when she’s bound to come, she’s not able to complete everything that I’m so blessedly banging and what’s wrong. There is a collapse of hopes, tied up with infantile statements about their life (power, wealth, we all feel).
It is easy to see the stress of your favorite life. Friends, who suffered only one child's heart, or not to commit serious problems with their mutual relations, often do not bother to help their own spirits. Slid also vrahuvati, how the sexual closeness until the whole hour is dulled by the zvichkoy, perceptible decrease in physical form, the first symptoms will weaken the organism of ailments, to the minds of the classmate, to sit in an oppressive way on the part of the mind. The number of separations among friends is 15 and more fate is gradually improving. Itself in the middle of the week to see, this is the name of the "third hvilya" in the development of shloves.
Great social and psychological difficulties, which are difficult for breeding. Prior to them, the podolannya is considered to be a collapse, which is due to the trivial period of special vitrates on the first; a waste of a casual way of life and a loss of friends and relatives, so that they have retained loyalty until they become a stranger to a partner.
It is easier for the choloviks to re-enter the school, lower to the women, and the odd stench to make friends with women is much younger than themselves. Due to the social condemnation of shloves, in which the senior squad is for the cholovik, the women are seen, but the group of those who are for the cholovik and the vilny cholovik is admittedly small. In addition, spilkuvannya and litsyannya especially twisted, like in a booth for children. New solutions of the family are faced with the problems of changing children from two and more in front of them, the roles of the foster fathers and the trivially flowing, colossal man. As long as the separation is unique and if life is lost, then the problem of old will be lost. The prospect of large deposits will continue to grow, at that hour, like "empty nests of the world" are about new freedom.
Stress on a wide range of soil in its entirety can lead to psychological and emotional stress.
It also goes up to pennies and riches. For bagatokh women, economic freedom means material education, as the stench was not removed. For the bagatokh cholovik in the material, the encampment means uninterrupted intercourse. Before the hour of the crisis "the middle of life" see a glance in the whole sphere.
In the midst of a crisis in the middle of life, people and women have seen deceit of vision. It is shown that women of the stage of the life cycle in the larger world of structuring are not chronological, but by the stages of the family cycle - love, having children, being overwhelmed by children of the father's family.
With such a rank, stretching out the crisis of the "middle of life", win and because of growth, you need a joke of your own way, but on the other way, you can win a lot of money. Symptoms characteristic of a crisis are nudge, a change in the robotics and / or a partner, remember to show violence, self-neglecting thoughts and disabilities, minority in individuals, depression, anxiety and growing visibility. There are two facts behind these symptoms: the feeling of a great internal force, that there is an even stronger grip in the middle, and the repetition of numerous patterns of behavior, which is capable of streaming out the internal impulses, protesting during the adult's growth. If the number of strategies are ever better and more useful to help streamline the growing internal grip, there will be a sharp crisis in self-awareness and self-awareness.
Starosti crisis. The kidnapped person (elder) has three sub-crises. The first one of them is a polyag in the re-evaluation of the vlast "I" in the middle of his professional role, as the bagatokh people already have a headache before they enter retirement. Another subcrisis of dressings is based on the knowledge of the fact of deterioration of health and old age, so that people have the opportunity to play around in their own plan, they need a lot. As a result of the third subcrisis, people have become self-concerned, and now they can think about death.
Bezperechno, the problem of death is all age. Protest, itself for the young and old, does not seem far-fetched, long-awaited, transforming into the problem of natural death. For them, nutrition before death is shifted from the text into the context of life itself. Now is the hour, if, in the vastness of the individual boottya, we begin to clearly sound the pressures of dialogue between lives and death, the tragedy of time is perceived.
Protest, old, deadly ailments, and in the early hours of life, not as a warehouse, part of the process of life, but as a way of striking and ill-humored nonsense of the amalgamation of the possibilities of cheruvati by nature. From the point of view of the philosophy of pragmatism, which is the fostering meaning of achievement and success, in the world, we will slow down.
Lithuanian old people, as a rule, are afraid not of death itself, but of the power of a purely dewy feeling, relieved by some sense, and also citizens and torments, which are susceptible to ailments. It is possible to ascertain the appearance of two provincial attitudes in those they were brought up to death: in the first place, neatness to tighten your loved ones, in a different way, to pretend to eliminate sick fellow citizens. The whole period is also called "vuzlikovim", for that, they do not bother to cover their old age and death, but many people keep getting ready to death, picking up their speech in a rite of passage, donating a penny to a funeral. To that, a lot of people, being overwhelmed in a similar camp, are going through a very large and all-contented crisis, which can suddenly feel biological, emotional, philosophical and spiritual aspects of life. In connection with the tsim, it is important to comprehend the social and psychological mechanisms of adaptation of people to the phenomenon of death. It’s about the system of psychological death, about the significant models of symbolic immortality, about the social testing of death - the cult of ancestors, memorial rites, funeral and memorial services, and about educational programs propedeutical to the phenomenon of death, in my commonplace
The culture of spіvperzhivannya death of іnshoi people is in the form of not many warehouse foreign culture as a specialty, as well as suspensions in general. At the same time, it is absolutely fair to be greeted by being put before death to serve as a standard, an indicator of the moral stance of the suspension, of its civilization. It is important to consider not only thinking for normal physiological living, but thinking for optimal living, satisfying the need of old and old people in the knowledge, culture, for the generation of the past, often in the midst of life.
Death crisis. Death from the point of view of psychology is a crisis of individual life, we will remain critical in the life of people. Being on the physiological level of irreversible assignments of all life functions, may inevitably be of particular importance for people, death instantly becomes an element of the psychological culture of people.
The attitudes of people to death on the singing stage of the historical development are without interconnection with self-awareness and comprehension by people to themselves. Win vidіlyaє five stages of changes in installations.
The first stage is fixed by the setting "everything is dead". Tse is a camp of "tamed death", to be put to the point of natural inevitability, everyday occurrence, to which it is necessary to be set without fear and not to spry it out as a special drama. Another stage of F. Aries is known by the term "one's own death": the guilt of tying from the idea of an individual judgment of the soul after living the life and the dead of people. The third stage, the title of "death is far and near", is characterized by the collapse of the mechanisms for the death of inevitability - before death, as before sex, to turn wild, untamed natural day. Fourth stage - "your death", as the people are a complex of tragic emotions at the entrance to the life of a close people. Oscillations of ultrasound among people become dull, the death of a loved one will be tragic, death is not powerful. The notions of the stage of dressing due to the fear of death and the very ugly about her (vitisnennya).
Putting to death, changing for a few straight lines: 1) development of individual self-awareness; 2) development of zhisnyh mechanisms against the forces of nature; 3) transformation of viri into progressive realization; 4) transformation of violence into a link between death and sin, citizen Sapogova E.E. Psychology of development of people. - M .: Art-Press, 2006 .-- p. 392-394 ..
There are five stages of the serpent of putting people to the power of death. Tse stadії zaperechennya, oppression, bargaining, depression, acceptance.
The first reaction to the deathly illness is such: "Hi, just not me, it's not true." Such a cob of death is even more similar to the first ever spiritual experience of the alpinist zupiniti of his own age, and the natural reaction of people to stress. Yak only ailments grasp the reality of what is to be seen, and what is it that is frustrated or frustrated: "Why should I, even less need to be killed so much?" One day to replace the whole stage of the next stage to try to work with you and the others and play an additional hour on life.
If the senses get caught up, there is a period of fear of depression. The stage does not have analogies in the middle of the experience, tied to the death of a rapist, and, mabut, win in quiet situations, if people who are stuck in death have an hour to comprehend that they are going to be seen. Kintsev stage is a cycle that can overcome the onset of clinical death, however, both in case of mittvii, and in case of common death. It’s just enough ailments in the world to cope with our fears and to come to terms with the inevitable death, or to accept the help of those who feel, then it’s not easy to come to terms with them.
For people who do not have a threat of death, more than an hour for those who will sound before the prospect of death. In the remnants of life, it is a lot to marvel at your life in retrospect. Take a look at the vison of the most important functions: Lyudin is showing up in her old conflations, re-comprehension of her ideas, forgiving her pardons and finding new ones in her own way. Death awakens in front of an old man needs a perspective, and, as it is not paradoxical, in the process of dying, the process of crawling people before their lives is possible.
Already, in the days of robotic boules, special features and characteristics of acute crises are presented: symptoms, psychological change, dynamics of interruption. For the development of the crisis in the midst of the early stages, it is necessary to carry out a psycho-corrective work in the middle of children and adults.
1) Singing the inviolability of the cordons on the cob and the end, the culmination of the crisis (tied to the mobility of the veterans), so that the crisis is victorious and the end is uncomfortable, but the middle is the danger.
2) Ditina changes in whole for a short term.
3) Difficulty of education of the child, the confusion of the call and the internal.
4) The negative nature of the development - on the first plan - is already formed on the forward step (for example, the fall of success). Behind negative rice there is a positive development of specialness. Win a new solution. For example, in 3 rock "non-corrosiveness" is brought to the form of independence.
5) Internal decay, reassessment of others and themselves.
Happy visitors start up to різіс yak nabuttya dosvidu podolannya.
6. Mobility of vikov between.
7. Equivalent development cannot be made by means of permanent methods, the stinks are guilty but they are sp_vv_dnesen_ tim vimogam, as the visuvaє suspension is up to the mental development.
8. Neither environment, nor recession can not be embedded in the mental development of the special position of the government's activity.
9.Individualization of the development of the development:
individual terms nastannya vik,
Sensitivity of okremikh injections for a specific individual,
Rizny tempo, the rhythm of approaching maturity,
Іnuyut іndivіdualnі options іnannya іndіvіda, sub'єkta dіyalnosti і specialty.
10. The inconsistency of the sides of the mental development.
11. Heterochronism - the development of physical development from social and civil and professional education.
by the way, acceleration- the process of accelerating the development of children.
Reasons for acceleration:
Radiohvilyovy kolivannya (especially in the rockets of the first radio), the first vibuhi of atomic bombs (especially in 1945), the change to the rationalization of the harvest, the change to the radio background of the Earth, the development of the population of transport and the connection, the urbanization.
Acceleration of the following problems:
Growth of malignancy in the middle of non-volatile,
Change of state furniture standards,
Early populace,
Problems of education and education,
Problems of covering families of the middle class.
Groups of children for the level of mental development:
Talented, talented - close to 5%,
With a normal mental development,
From the eye of the psychotic development,
Children with sensory defects, children with psychiatric development -15-20%
Reasons for a psychic development:
Transferring organ failure of the central nervous system, not tied to a large lesion of the brain,
Loss of analyzer performance
Unfriendly social and psychological minds in a nursery and early preschool age.
Special features of the educational sphere of children with ZPR:
1.)
2) suffer from all visions of the message,
3) the main method of zapam'yatovuvannya - zubrіnnya,
4) extreme lack of respect, weak concentration,
5) the quality of the move,
6) the number of messages, especially verbal and logical,
7) immorality of will, emotional, low level of self-control,
8) lack of accusation of motor skills,
9) the function of the nervous system is adjusted and reduced to a low degree of performance.
Psychology is normal for children to develop: cheerfulness, life, happiness, infrequent and non-trivial sleep, calm, sufficient sleep and appetite, well-thought-out good luck,
early to begin to recognize the independence of the child in the games, spending an hour, very clenched lips, straight eyebrows and in.
Characteristics of gifted children :
a child sees a difference with other children,
beautiful memory,
up to trivial growth,
he himself vibrates busy, and does not accept the propositions of grown-ups,
high rіven іntelektu,
reddishness, in the face of your thoughts,
special independence.
12. psycho development to start social development.
Social situation development - free, specific for the given age, vinyatkov, single and unrepeatable relationship between the child and the new life, in front of the social (specific) for the skin problem.
Abo - there is a special place for a child in the system adopted in this given suspension of services, as it is for social development.
Abo - tse especialy additional internal processes of development and development of minds, such as for the cutaneous stage.
Breaking the social situation є is a critical period for the development of a child.
13. On the type of outlets injected, there is performance, yaka viznachaє I will appear new psychic apprentices, who are in power in this vіk (Leontyev O.M.)
The leading kind of child's activity is the origin of the greatest success in the times of this educational process - such a kind of activity, which is more important for the development and the formulation of all the rice specialties of the child and the specific character of the child
The leading type of spilkuvannya - within the framework of which is the most beautiful and the most efficient to form and close the main positive rice of specialness.
In the wake of the provincial vision of the child's performance and ability to change, to improve her versatility and out-of-the-box number.
The development of children is seen one hour in different types of activities
and spіlkuvannya.
The system of interconnected types of business activities and forms of business - the mechanism of change of business activities (Elkonin D.B.):
1. Emotionally-bezposeredn spіlkuvannya - spіlkuvannya a child with grown-up people, the posture of spіlnogo object-oriented activity in the period from one hour to one fate.
2. Subject-manipulative activity - the activity of the child of the early age from the rock to three rockies with smart games and interesting objects not in the sense of being in the way of socially and culturally unimportant
3. Plot-role play - the admission of the playfulness to the spilkuvannya, which is the most important social situation and characteristic for its form of the role behavior of the participants. Power for children up to shkіlnogo vіku from 3 to 6-7 years.
4 Initially-educational activity - a second of the initial activity and interdisciplinary spirituality, dominating in a young school life in the intervals from 6-7 to 10-11 years.
5. Professionally-special spіlkuvannya - additional spіlkuvannya at the specialties of those and spіlії group activities for interests, how to serve as a preparation of children before the Maybutnі professional robot and in the middle of the 14th-11th century.
6. Moral-specialty spіlkuvannya - spіlkuvannya to intimate-special ones by those in the senior school week, from 14-15 to 16-17 years.
When a child goes to a nutty cracker, the development of a number of types of leather and quality, characteristic of a new one, does not know - until the already formed earlier types of quality and quality are added to the new type and immediately change to a type of appearance.
14. As soon as the psychic new-foundations are found to gradually accelerate.
newfound- psychic approval, which appears in the singing period.
New well-developed psychological insight, characteristic of a singing vik.
The real new solution may not be filled with a passport
Socialization - the process of transforming the biological essence into the human specialty - the process of forming the individuality in the singing social minds, the process of introducing human social awareness, in the course of which people transform the power of the social system of awareness of the society taken in suspension or groups.
Etapi of socialization:
1. The primary stage of socialization, or the stage of adaptation - from the people to the age of old - the child in his social awareness is uncritical, adapt, become accustomed, inherited.
2. The stage of individualization - to see the middle, critically to the suspicious norms of behavior. At the age of adulthood, the stage of individualization, self-meaning "Light and Me" is characterized as an industrial socialization, which is still unstable in light and nature. Yunatskiy Vіk is characterized as a stylish conceptual socialization, if there is a strong sense of power.
3. The stage of integration - it is necessary to know your place in the suspension, "to fit into the suspension." Integration takes place safely, as the power of the people is accepted by the group, the support. If you don’t get it, then you can come up with the following results:
Preserving my dissimilarity and the appearance of aggressive interactions with those who feel comfortable,
Snake to yourself with the mark "stat" yak usi ",
The emergence of conformism, good land, adaptation.
4. The labor stage of socialization hunts the entire period of human development, the entire period of labor activity, if the people are not only in their social welfare, but as a result of being active in the middle of their life.
5. Post-labor stage of socialization abduction vik as a matter of fact, to make a significant contribution to the creation of social information, in the process of transferring it to new generations.
ROSVITOK OF SELF-DOMESTIC:
Learning your identity is a childish witch,
Knowing your "I" as an active diabetic ear - 3 rock.
Awareness of their mental powers and qualities - a young schoolboy, pidlitok,
Assessment of social and moral qualities and norms of behavior - early youth
RIVNI (ZONI) ROSVITKU ACCORDING TO L.S. Vigotsky:
rіven ( zone ) actual development- characterizing the preparation of the particularity of the mental functions of the child, who went to this day - so that the child can work himself, without the help of the older one
rіven ( zone) for the nearest development- the child does not appear in the serpent of virishity, but not for the help of the grown-up
3.4. Periodization of mental development.
Find out the point of view on the period of development of the people. Whether periodization is clever, and respect for social, physical and mental (yakisnі) changes,
For example, the following periodizations were canceled:
1.periodization on the basis of the processes of mental development and of those processes associated with mental development,
2. the basis for the periodization was taken only one side of the child's development, 3. the basis for the periodization was laid down the very peculiarity of the child's mental development - to be of an internal character, which shows the mental state of development.
4.Vitchiznyany psychologists (Vigotskiy L.S., Blonskiy, Elkonin D.B., Davidov) established the following provisions for the periodization:
About the stage of vikovy development change for all historical
epoch is the same,
For the skin period, it is necessary to use the previous period,
About mental development - a dynamic process, the head of the mind is a spy with other people,
About the basis of vikovoy periodization - criteria for new development, provincial performance, social situation development.
Otzhe, dignity, that I am looking for the period of an hour from the nation of the child until the end of school, from the beginning of the physical classifications continue on the next seven periods:
1. Dignity : from the people to 1 fate of life.
2. Early dynasty : from 1 rock life to 3 rock times.
3. Younger and middle preschool age: from 3 to 4-5 years,
4. Senior preschool age: from 4-5 to 6-7 years.
5. Younger school age: from 6-7 to 10-11 years.
6. Pidlіtkovy wіk(Abo middle school): from 10-11 to 13-14 years.
7. Ranniy Yunatskiy Vіk(Abo senior school): from 13-14 to 16-17 rock.
Skin s cich periods of little particularity and between. Skin psychology wisdom in his own style of combining with children, storing special primes and methods of nurturing and wishing,
The whole process of a child's development as a whole can be divided into three stages: preschool dignity(From the people up to 6-7 years),
young school student(From 6-7 to 10-11 years, from 1 to 4-5 classes of schools), middle and senior school student(From 10-11 to 16-17 years, from 5 to 11 classes of the school).
Otzhe, be-like periodization of 2 sharp transitions.
First - transition from early childhood to preschool, vidomy yak "crisis of three rock",
The other is a transition from a young school age to an adult one, a transition from a “crisis of an adult age”, or a “crisis of state maturity”. ...
The stench is a sign of the child's transition from one level to the development of the one, the success of which to lay down from that, as soon as a crisis is piled up.
To understand the value of understanding: development, maturation, becoming, mental development, vіk, vidi vіku and іn.
In vіtchiznyanіy psychіії viznachenі basic laws of psychic development of people.
Everyday presenters have a great respect to come to children with an abnormal pace of mental development (gifted to children, children from a mental development, etc.). You should start thinking, cause the acceleration of development, as well as the possibility of correcting the progress.
The period of development of the development of people is based on the offensive positions: leading the way, social development and new development.
Moving from one to the next one can be critical and lithic. In vіtchiznyanіy psychologії it is given the sign of the crisis (critical period) and deyakі shlakhі zgladzhuvannya singularities of the crisis begin.
Control food
1. What dzherels and ruinous forces to develop people?
2. What factors in the development of people?
3. Is it also mental deprivation? How can you find a unique manifestation?
4. Name the types of deprivation.
5. How do you know the basic laws of development of people?
6. What are the main provisions for the periodical development of the development of people?
7. What is the main reason for periodization to be written on a youthful meeting?
8. Who is the reason for the periodizations of LS Vigotsky, D.B. Elisonin, Blonsky and A.V. Petrovsky?
9. Give the characteristics of the vikovy groups on the basis of the previously acquired podil of the vikovy development.
The head in people is a chain of ears. Chi is not dignity, but the ear itself. The dad's thoughts, the mother's mood, the big ones, or the little s-buttyas, which are generated at that moment, if life is born.
We see stable and crisis stages of development. For a stable period, it is characteristic of a smoothly stretching process of development, without sharp ruins and changes in the specialness of a child. Insignificant, minimal changes, which are seen in a trivial hour, are uncomfortable for those who feel comfortable. A little stench accumulate in the end of the period. Give a yak_sny stribok at the development: there is a vіkov_ new solution. Once you have torn the ear and the end of a stable period, you can see that great way, which is a child's prowess in its development.
Stable from time to time to become a larger part of the family. The smell is trivial, as a rule, for a few rocks. First of all, a new solution, which is established in such a way and more, appears to be stable, to be fixed in the structure of specialness.
In addition to being stable, there are crises during development.
L.S. Vygotsky hitting a crisis is of great significance and having looked at the cherguvannya of stable and crisis periods as the law of a child's development. In this hour, we often talk about the turning points in the development of the child, and the more severe crises, the negative manifestations of the rakhunok of the peculiarities of the life, the minds of life. Close to grown-ups can and callous, show pom'yakshiti abo, navpaki, power.
Crises, on the occasion of stable periods, are not very good, but there are few months, with an uncomfortable zbig of furnishings, they stretch to fate or bring two rockets. A lot of short, ale burrhlivi stages, stretching out some signs of destruction in development, and a child quickly changing in her bagat of rice. The development can take on a catastrophic nature at all times.
The crisis is to be repaired and completed uncomfortably, and between it, it’s not violated. Sharpened infusion in the middle of the period. For people who are sick of children, they will not be tied with a snake behavior, I will appear "vazhkovikhovuvanih", as written by L.S. Vigotsky. Ditina has to go to the control of the grown-ups, and go pedagogical in flow, as the success was earlier, now ceases to be a day. Affective sleepers, whims, more hospitality of confrontation with loved ones - a typical picture of a crisis, typical for children of bagatech. Schoolchildren have a great deal of praise, relax their interest before borrowing, decrease their success, and occasionally win over painful experiences, internal conflicts.
In such a rank, the skin stage of life is faced with a crisis (supervised by the appearance of quiet new products), after which there is a period of stable development, if the development of new products is being developed.
Newborn crisis (0-2 months).
Dignity (2 months - 1 pik).
Krisa is one rock.
Early dynasty (1-3 rock).
Krisa three rock_v.
Preschool age (3-7 years).
The crisis of seven rocks.
Shkilnyi vik (8-12 years).
The crisis of thirteen rock.
Summer (puberty) period (14-17 years).
The crisis of seventeen rocks.
Yunatskiy period (17-21 rik).
27. Criteria to encourage vikovykh periodizations v Batkivshchin that Zakordon vіkovoї psychology.
Check the progress of the period. They see the development period, the period of time they call themselves in a rational way, the difference between them, that is why the author was based on the development criteria.
On the thought of L.S. Vigotsky All periodizations can be divided into 3 groups:
*persha group including periodization, prompted to the basis of the new criterion, tied to the development process.
Until it is possible to carry out the periodization, biogenetic principle : The basis is based on biological processes of maturation, and the processes of development are looked at as old.
1) Per-tsya Rene Zazzo(The system of vikhovannya and navchannya is based on the stages of childhood):
0 - 3 rocky - early dignity; 3 - 5 years - preschool dignity; 6 - 12 years - at the school arr;
12 - 16 years - the beginning of the middle school; 17 years old and older - vischa and university obre.
2) Blonsky proponuvav buuvati periodization on change teeth:
0-8 ms. - 2.5 roku - toothless dignity; 2.5 - 6.5. rockiv - the dynasty of milk teeth
6.5 and older - a dignity of permanent teeth (before the tooth of wisdom appears)
*before 2nd group to carry out periodization, based on one internal criterion, selected sufficiently.
1) Sigmund Freud I sew a line - psychosexual development. Freud after being periodized from the definitions of the statutory maturity. Vykovy development, yogo stage, tied to the substitution of erogenous zones - quiet areas of tila, stimulation of such victories contentment .
0 - 1 pik oral stage ... Dit otrimuє happy, if the milk is smoky, and for the daytime write - a hairy finger or something. People are fixing on optimism and pessimism, they can formulate insecurity, greed. Krim unaware "Vono" to form "I").
1 - 3 anal stage ... To form oiness, accuracy, aggressiveness. Vinikak is richly vimog and fence, as a result, in the specialness of the child, I start to form - "Over-I" as the integration of social norms, internal censorship, conscience).
3 - 5 l fallen stage ... Genitalia melt into a provincial herogenic zone. Children repair the perception of sexual preoccupation for grown-up people, lads for mothers (Edipiv complex), girls for dad (Electric complex).
5 - 12 l latent st yak bi timchasovo digest sexier sex. Children have sexual experiences, and they are interested in spending time with friends, schooling.
12 - 18 l genital st vіdpovіdaє vasne statéva razv dit.
2) L ... Kohlberg with a focus on moral development.
1. Fear of punishment (up to 7 liters): fear of the right to force, we will be deceived by rhinestones and will not take benefits.
2. Litter in front of the people of the environment (13 liters): in front of comrades, the closest otochennyam; rubbish huge condemnation, negative assessments of great social groups.
3. Conscience (16 years old): bazhannya to adhere to their moral principles, the power system of moral values.
3) E. Erikson per-ts_ya of a special equal: (normal line of development / anomalous line of development)
1) doviru - nedoviru (1 pik);
2) to reach the level of success: self-reliance and irresponsibility (2 - 4 rock);
3) acceptance and respect for provinces (4 - 6 years); 4) small and unprofessional (6 - 11 years old);
5) identification of the specialty and role of the rogue (12 - 15 years - female and 13 - 16 l-maliy);
6) closeness and self-reliance (ear of maturity and family life);
7) general humanity and self-adhesion (growth);
8) integrity and hopelessness.
On the skin stage, a new form is formed, it is necessary for social life, quality, anti-rice character and preparation for the offensive stage of life.
4) F ... Piazhe taking as a basis intellectual development:
1) sensorimotor stage (from peak up to 18 - 24 months); 2) preoperative st (from 1, 5 - 2 to 7 liters);
3) the stage of specific operations (from 7 to 12 liters); 4) stage of formal operations (from 12 to 17 years).
*third group vidіlya perіody development on the basis ustotnyh criteria, sign.
1) Periodization of L.S. Slobodchikova:
1 shchabel - pozhvavlennya (from the people to 1 fate); 2 steps - spiritualization (from 1 g to 5 - 6 liters);
3 steps - staffing (from 6 to 18 years); 4 steps - individualization (from 17 to 42 liters).
2) Periodization Vigotsky and Elkonin vikorystyutsya 3 criteria- social situation of development, leading activity and new establishment.
Dignity (in peak up to 1 g), Early dynasty (1-3 l), Іgroviy vіk, doshk (3-6 rocks),
Shk zrostannya (6-12), Youth (12-20), Youth (20-25 l), Doroslist (25-60 years), Old (60 l)
28. The problem of periodization life of the grown-up people.
vіkovі periodization Psychic development of mature people.
I will look at the social, psychological and biological factors, those who have seen the old age in a reasonable way.
On the butt Erikson vidіlya early stature (20-45 rocks), middle stature (40-60) i old age (Ponad 60 l)
On a dumka Bromley The height of the warehouse can be stored in 4 stages:
early (20-25 l), middle (25-40 l), early adult (40 - 55 l) and perennial age (55-65 l)
Pislya ney is old, in which the stage is seen \ "from the right \", or \ "delivery \" (65-70 years), elders (70 years old and older and marasmus \ "sick old age and death
for periodization Ananєva, Middle vik (maturity) is stored in 2 phases (from 21-22 to 35 l and from 36 to 55 - 60 l), then it is infused to vik (from 55-60 to 75 l), distance - age (75- 90 l) і вік long-lived 5-90 years)
One s specific problems- the value of the objective criteria for the maturity of the people. It’s difficult to get to the point of often completing the understanding in contemporary psychological literature. maturity "Zaminyu to understand" stature "
Early growth from 20 to 40
Age from 40 to 60
Age from 60 and older.
For vіku lyudyni vikoristovoyt also a priest \ " biologicheskiy vіk\", \"social vik \ "i \" psychologicalвік \ "
psychologic vik depending on the level of adaptability of people to their new age, characterizing the development of their intellect, building up to the beginning, rukhovy navichki, as well as sub-active officials, such as identity, attitudes, experience, etc.
social vik start with a glance at the relevance of the position of people in specific social norms
biologicheskiy vіk most often in order to become more responsive to the organism and functional systems of the singing moment of the life of the people
30. Kryzis youth. options for growing up in his youth. Crazy vіkovy development.
The most obvious manifestation of the crisis of youth, the transition to an independent life, is being developed among young people and children, who are not scho entered before vish or college ... The collapse of the hopes to be worried is even more important - it is necessary to know the robot for self-designation.
They are not safe and difficult to pass through young people and children, because they needed to mortgage and we have approved our own life plans. The process of adaptation of freshmen to the university is called to supervise negative experiences, tied with the eye of the students from the school team with their mutual help and moral education; lack of preparation before the start of the university; inevitably, there is a psychological self-regulation of power behavior and intelligence, as it is to the teeth of a childish person; by pushing the optimal mode of practice and repairing in new minds; for good luck and self-service, especially when going from home minds in the gurtozhitok etc.
By virtue of lack of awareness young people wander ideals with illusions, romance with exoticism. Behavior of young people and children appear to have an internal inability to behave in themselves, so that supervising behavior is caused by a callous aggressiveness, promises, and in view of the intangibility of the authorities
The student's visit is not rozcharuvannya in professional and living vibor , Inconsistency of research and knowledge about profession and reality and development.
In the crisis of youth, young people are stuck for the first time with the crisis of the sense of life. Relevant є nutrition about the sense of life in the zagala and the sense of one's life, about the attribution of people, about the strong Y. Zvidsi - interest in moral and ethical problems, psychology of self-knowledge and self-motivation. The duration of internal crises can lead to such negative development options as drug addiction, alcoholism.
crisis of youth
negative moments of interconnection with the second superimposed forms of life - intercourse with others, methods and forms of primal activity, of vivid minds of living - and entrance into new period life, for which there are no more necessary organs of life.
more positively The ear of the crisis of youth is tied with the new possibilities of the formation of individuality of the people, the formulation of the huge appearance, of a kind and purposeful self-awareness. The ear of the stage of individualization (according to the periodization of V.I. Slobodchikov) means the entry of people into the period not only of vіkova (zagalny for everyone), but rather of individual becoming.
Vіkovі crises - cleverly naming the transitional moments from one stage to the last. In some cases, they call it a negative result of the hindrance of specialness, for the development of social action. Psychic development of people is going to follow the additional change of stable and critical groups: within the framework of a stable vision, psychic new developments are being introduced, which are actualized in the case of the critical. The very understanding of the "crisis" really means a gostru situation for accepting a decision, a turning point, a moment that has found its way.
A number of previous glimpses are involved in crises with a regulatory process, a necessary element of socialization, we will summarize the logic of a special development and the need to revise the main wiping process. Іnshі authorization in vicious crises is deviant, malignant manifestation of individual development (S.L. Rubenstein, A.V. Zaporozhets).
In the event of a crisis, it can be associated with significant mental discomfort, in order to put a threat to the organism's vision. Such a transition can appear spontaneously, as in a crisis in the middle of life. The stench can be a wiklican with integrated psychotechnologies, participation in spiritual practice. Psychological transition to greater viskuy pryvnyu well-being, clarity and maturity is little against smoothly and painlessly. It’s better to grow up to grow up to grow up to go through the transitional periods of the sum'yattya and more food, or in extreme cases - the periods of disorganization and frequent occurrence. As soon as the crisis is successful in the podolan, then the singular disorganization and chaos can emerge as a kind of amalgamation around them, so that they have lived their life paterns. There is a possibility of reappraisal, "letting go" of old reconsideration, goals, identification, ways of living and adopting new, more promising life strategies. That is why the psychological crisis is both physical and mental, from one side, and transformation, development and special growth - from one side.
During the transition from one stage of development to the last, critical periods are seen, or a crisis, if the collapse of a large number of forms is seen by people with a lot of light and formation new systems together with people who supervise significant psychological difficulties for the people themselves and their social otochennya. There are small crises (crisis of 1 rock, crisis of 7 rock, crisis of 17-18 rock) and great crises (crisis of new birth, crisis of 3 rock, mid-season crisis of 13-14 rock). With great crises, wake up the children and the suspension. And little crises will pass quickly, tied to the growths of diminishing and independence of the people. In the period of a critical phase, children are very important, obstinacy, negativity, resilience, disbelief appear. Maturity can also be divided into a number of stages and crises. The stage of early maturity, or youth (from 20-23 years to 30-33 years), as soon as people will enter the intensive specialty of life professional activity, Period of "becoming", self-assertion in love, sex, car, family, suspension.
Adult rock sees its crises period: crisis of 33-35 rockies - if, having reached the singing social and family camp, people start thinking on a triumphant basis: “Neither is it all, how can I give my life? What is it that is dumb? »The first steps are to fix the hot little things in their life: the robot, the squad, the place of living, the hobies. Then it’s a short period of stabilization from 35 to 40-43 years, if Lyudin’s closes all those who can’t take advantage of their professional skills, camp in the family, sex.
Late after the period of stability, there is a critical ten years of 45-55 years, if people start to see the middle age, if there are first signs of deterioration in health, to lose the beauty and physical shape, in the days of being beaten, which does not deny anyone else in life, in kar'er, in love; As a result, the winners feel at the same time, in the form of a loving action, a depressive mood, of which people think about new love opportunities, or in real life try to “bring your youth” through loving intrigues or angry kar'i. The final period of maturity is from 55 to 65 years - the period of physiological and psychological development, reduction of sexual tension, steps towards people in active work and social life. About the age of 65 to 75 years, talking about the first elder. After 75 years of age we will get involved in stealing - people will reconsider all their life, understand their "I" in spiritual thoughts about lived fate, ...
A kidnapped person (elders) has three sub-crises: the first of them to re-evaluate the vlast “I” is the last professional role, as the people of bagatech need to have a headache right before they go to retirement. Another subcrisis of dressings is due to the knowledge of the fact of deterioration of health and old age, so that the possibility of people to play around is necessary in their general plan.
As a result of the third subcrisis, people have become self-concerned, and now they can think about death.
Having fallen down before the face of death, the people are going through a number of stages. The first of them is the stage of zaprechennya. Dumka: "Hi, not me!" - zvychaynіsіnka and normal reaction of people to the nakedness of a lethal diagnosis. Then the stage of the nest - the nest, which will hunt the sick at feeding: "Why am I myself?" - lean on pikklyuyutsya about new people and zagalі on any healthy people. For the completion of the whole stage, it is important that you are still able to capture the power of your power to feel your call.
The stage of "bargaining" is approaching: the ailment will grow up to continue your life, you will be an ear-hearted patient, or an intelligent, vitriolic life for the help of medicine and repentance before God for your pardon of sin and pardon. Pererakhovanі three phases and fold the period of crises and develop in the described order, or with partly turned back.
When the crisis is developing, the world is entering the stage of depression, I realize: "So, for the rest of the time, die to lay it on me", to be lost in my own mind and often see the need for a poster of thoughts about the quiet, whom I am thinking. The whole stage of preparatory sadness, at which all the world is going to see people, is going to see death, who is going to see people who are living in viddalivsya, as I died in the social sense).
P'yata stage - the price of "accepting death": people understand and wait, resign themselves to the inevitability of near death and humbly check their end - the stage of "mental death" (psychologically, people are already living as they live). Klinichna death is now at the moment when the robot is pinned down to the heart and soul, but in the time of 10-20 khvili, the medical zusillas can turn the man to life.
Brain death means an increase in the activity of the brain and its control over the functions of the body, as a result, the death of the brain is seen. Physiological death is caused by the disappearance of the remaining functions of the body and the collapse of all cells of the body.
Deyaky vcheni start, so that the bend of the body does not come to the death of the soul, the psyche of the people, there is a real hypothesis, that the soul of the people is at the sight of the informational bunch of people who are going to grow up to start Traditionally materialistic intelligence prohibits the possibility of saving the soul, the psyche of the people after their death, if you want to stay out of your minds, physicians, psychologists are not so categorical.
Critical period of development of the child
The development of a child is a mannered character. At some stages, the changes in the child's psyche accumulate both progressively and gradually (stable periods), on others - the stench passes through quickly and quickly (critical periods).
The last of the development of the business starts to the cherguvannya of stable and critical periods. Insignificant and low-performance for the development of changes from the hour to the most stable periods of time, in the beginning of the day, when new new products appear in the midst of the development of the hour of the crisis.
Pid hour cr Ізіс child for even a short hour can change for its main characteristics. Tse revolutionary, burrhlive, striking stretching out yak at the pace, so and for the wicked changes, as they come.
Vikova crisis - a period in the life of a people, if, in an altogether short hour (a few months, a rik), there are quick and psychological maladies and changes in specialness, development of crooked burhlive, character, character.
especially Experiencing crisis periods among people є those who smell most often at the very hour of important times, enter into hospitality conflicts, experience ailments, important experiences.
For young children, the period can be passed in a simple way: more hospitality-mensh is pleasant for those who feel comfortable. The price is linked with the individual characteristics of children, with the type of temperament and the development of the emotional sphere, with the minds of the wicked. All the cordon is going through the crisis of the crisis. The price is also linked to the individual peculiarities of children and the acceleration processes, which are especially well promoted in the rest of the rock.
For critical periods, characteristic features are:
Їх to the cordon in the edge of non-viraznі, rozmitі. The crisis is insistently uncomfortable, even more important is the moment of its ear and completion. Rizke zagostrennya sposterіgaєt to deprive in the middle stage.
The apogee of the crisis for otocheniya viz. spirituality. Ditina yak bi go to the control of the grown-ups, grows awkward, the success in school quickly falls and the success rate decreases, the number of conflicts with the children increases. Internal life is tied with ailing experiences.
Growth from the hour of the crisis is important negative character... At the start of stable development periods, there will be a shvid more ruin, not a robot creator. Ditina is not only nabuvah, but it’s gone into the old stuffed up (it’s nagadaєmo, what is new in development). Suddenly, in a critical period, they support and develop constructive processes, emerge a new solution, which may be a transitional character and do not go far in the same view.
Critical period in the development of children:
Newborn crisis (childbirth crisis).
Krisa is the first rock of life.
Krisa of the third fate of life.
Kriza shostogo (somogo) to the fate of life.
Crisis of eleven or thirteen years of life.
The characteristic features of the critical periods in the development of the child are clearly visible in more detail, according to the date before special features:
crisis of the newborn
To appear in the period of a hospitable life-like struggle as a result of a rapid change of minds, the transfer of a child - the completion of the perinatal (pre-theological) period of that nation, which is supervised by the development of rich organic and physiological sounds.
Physically having gone from the mother, the child is guilty of adapting to the whole minds of life (sounding off the mind of the day, take it from the call, overtravel it, see the unused organs) All the time is recognized for its zagalny camp, advanced sensitiveness to the development of uncomfortable minds. fundamentals We are familiar with the physical crisis є the child's waste of vagi in the first days of the nation.
Psychological problems tied up with the peculiarities of the child's adaptation to the new middle age and the way of life, as well as with the peculiarities of the mother's attitude, who had taken the child as a part of the vile "I" and was awakened to take the child as a near-human.
Krisa is the first rock of life.
Qia kriza є is characteristic of the first fate of the child's life and of the dressing in the mastery of the soiled and movi. As well as a collection of living conditions, the biological system was regulated by the biological system, it gradually enters into a conflict with verbal situations, which are growing up. As a heritage, it’s close to the fate of the child to be lost without any good behavior in the midst of life: the biological warehouses are also quite deformed, but the modern ones have not been formed yet, as a child of their own family.
From 15 months to 2 years, children show their own character. Have a lead dominu zaprechennya, how to manifest itself in bazhanna robiti navpaki.
Uvaga dad!
It is not possible to punish a child for behavior, as it naturally manifests itself in its consumption of knowledge and development. Remember that in the whole life we are still important for the formation of the correct social organizations and the development of the emotional sphere of the child є the fate of both fathers - dad and mother.
Kriz first rock does not vvazhayut gostrym. Establishment of new hundred-ssunits with a child, giving them singing independence in the permissible boundaries , Terpіnnya and vitrimka matured to soften the nature of the crisis.
Please daddy
Create for a child mind, as you will be safe in your knowledge: close the sockets; do not overshadow the fire, sirniks, accessible to the new; Hot strains and drink them so that you can't reach them and turn them over; don't let it go on your own.
Grab the child of koristuvatisya with razor-sharp speeches - not to allow virobiti in a new self-service tool and to eliminate problems with vicarious ones for the recognition.
Zaboronyayuchi children, explain the CHOMU in a general way.
It is necessary, for children the minds of the fathers before their behavior and the last of them.
Krisa three rock_v.
One of the inheritances of intensive development of social performance a child and a grown-up in an early age є forming the image of a vlasny "I" - a central new establishment, like a vinikє in a child's stage. Malyuk vchitsya to see himself as a grown-up man, he starts to set himself up to self-esteem, so that he has cob forms of self-confidence. I would like to bring everything up to the pragmatic child at the boundaries of her possibilities, children independently, without help, grown up, so in the first place I want to be manifested in the words “I myself!” and everything is independent. Itself for the feeling of wines to be built obstinate, shkidlivym and svavilny. Tsei period vvazhayut critical in pershu dear to the fact that they grow up with difficult intercourse with a child.
At the core of the crisis, it is contradicting the new trend of development of the child to the independent satisfaction of the power needs and the grown-up to preserve the common style of the child, and to accommodate the activity of the child by ourselves.
At home, the chitka is cognitive (intellectual) symptomatology of an immediate crisis:
gostry interest children to their own images in the mirror;
the turbanism of the tim, who is the viglyad in the eyes of the people;
dress girls with their outfits;
zaklopotan_st lads in power competence, for example, in design;
government reaction to bad luck;
napolyagannya to your vibration.
Signs of the passing crisis of three rockies:
Childish negativity. appear in unencumbered, unwearable, bad prototypical child, be it grown-up, a support callous inflow, Demonstrative vidmovi vikonuvati vimogi grown up. Ditina vzagalі doesn’t want to grow up. Negativism does not correspond to non-hearing. In the basis of negativity - because of the unwanted hearing for the sake of meeting the singing rules.
The child is right. One development inaudibility. Winners in situations, if they are old enough to overpower children and namir, as well as through the presence of normal minds for efficiency and satisfaction of natural needs. Ditina napolyagє on her own vimose, on her own decision, to begin to learn how special it is, and if you want to, what specialness they were honored to respect. By the way, there is one of the ways of self-assertion. There is no need to cheat because of being lightheaded, because there is a lot of conflict with those who feel like it.
Subtlety. Close to negativity and obstinacy, ale less generalization and non-specific character. There is a protest against the order, which is seen in the house. Ale protest against that to proponyut іnshі (for example, against a specific dress or shirts, the method of making a call, the proprietary menu, etc.). It is not easy to be realized in steric forms: children fall on a pidlog, balk, start crying and crying, seemingly proponated to their speech, etc.
Svavillya. Pragnennya to the emancipation of the grown-up. Ditina wants to be independent. Tse trohi nagaduє crisis of the first fate, ale todіnіt didnt boil down to the physical independence, but now we go about the big rіven - the independence of thoughts, ideas. Svavilja - own will. In order to feel at ease on your own choice, to navigate if it is better than to smell it.
Znetsinennya are grown up. May be manifested in pezapel lazy statements and accreted ignorance. Fathers are going through a sprazhn_y shock when they feel the sight of a child “foolish man” anyway. Ale in the basis of such reactions is not dislikes and unwillingness to the fathers, but the lack of awareness of the evolving emotional reactions, in the mind to seize for yourself and your position.
Riot protest. Appear in critical conflicts with daddy in situations, if the children do not go out of their way with daddies, and they fantasize the kids themselves over daddy’s announcements. Ale not a skinny child is zdatna for her individual peculiarities to open protest. Dehto vikoristovuє formi accustomed to protest, which can be manifested in a smart school and not deserved to understand your honor.
Please daddy
Do not show the overworldly vimogs (be sure to be aware of the health of the child) and do not use fences!
In a sufficient world, realize the intelligence of the child - you need:
a) recognize the navkolishny svit;
b) developing self-service navichki;
c) to start power and health.
Coordinate the child's initiative and self-reliance on a productive track - know your child's life and be busy.
Do not stand on the road directly to fight the child's grip, and do not scoff at the respect of the child herself (it will not be possible to formulate witchcraft among the prisoners).
Create such a situation for children, in which bi winners themselves change over to their efforts.
At the beggars with the child, lead the rosary spokyno.
Do not sleep in reaguvati for the primcha child. Guilty is guilty of sounding the order of speeches and gaining your authority.
Allow the child the most robust vibe: do not impose on him one speech (paying, izhu, igrashka, gru, etc.), but proponate it on the vibir of a stick (for example: ? "Or" in what kind of cloth would you like to go to a child's cage? "). Todi will not be a cause for a conflict.
Grab the child to control yourself on the basis of the care and testimony of the acts of your behavior and inheritance.
Consume the child's consumption in the analysis of the results of their activity, vchinki, intercourse with other people. Propagate that you should talk about all those that are uncomfortable and unimportant, unambiguously simple criticism and unambiguously negative assessments.
Teach the child the rules of behavior and, as well, the rules of a mischievous appointee.
show hairy butt naughty and cultural behavior.
Do not bring your child to such a conflict, since it is important for the skin to stream your negative emotions.
Remember that you are wise and have a great life, not children, that you love your child. The price is right at the heart of your model of batkiv behavior.
Stimulate the most beautiful children, give them self-assessment.
Bazhannya of a child's life to independence is to know more productively in the form of a gris, so the crisis of three rockets is easier to pass through the path of getting a child to playfulness.
Illuminated the image of a child, yogo "I" - the concept of being introduced to the spilkuvanna: with a benevolent stance Satisfied with the consumer's opinion, the positive assessment, the child is very quiet and singing; negative feedback provoking aggression and isolation, lack of performance in oneself and in one's abilities.
A crisis of six or seven rockies.
Qia crisis is a transitional period, which is an emerging school dynasty from a young school age. It is characterized by the second bezposrednost і naїvnostі, the great skutіstі behavior, zdatnіstu put yourself on the place of the smallest, smartest of perceptions and vrahovuvatie emotsіynі stanii ochuyuchih. A guard with negativism, the growth of the child's self-reliance, the development of a child's life : Expanding interest, number of friends and knowledge, spheres of activity.
Main features:
derailment of the psychic rivnovagi, instability of will, mood;
loss of safety in behavior (remember the internal experiences in the assessment of the bazhan and vchinki, the legitimacy of the dignity of the powerful actions);
the manners of behavior (rehearse the truth to cleanse the grown-ups, the child vidkrito demonstrates to navit those positive qualities, which are not characteristic of them);
a symptom of "girkoy tsukerki" (child is rotten, ale vin magaetsya tse prikhovuvati).
However, far from all children in the building are able to stream their feelings and manage them. Having absorbed one form of behavior, the smell did not smell like it. It’s difficult to bring a tough one, “confused” children in their own and non-roughened behavior.
As soon as there is a crisis of three rocky bindings with the knowledge of oneself as an active sub'ect in the light of objects, then now the child has begun to learn his own picture in the light of social ideas, Svidomost. The crisis of 7 rocks is the period of the birth of the child's social “I”.
child it is necessary to enter into a business with a suspension of people, because it is necessary to do so. Tse to turn, in the first cherga, in the pragmatic children, go to school, by the way, we will learn. All that is to be found in the beginning, to go to the first plan, and that which is tied in a row, is very important, I want and not mensh tsikavim.
Please daddy
Accept the expansion of the forms of communication with children, the development of their needs in the dialogue business as partners.
Pragnit until the establishment of the most important incidents, or do not be obtrusive at all - you know the necessary words and far away for the whole hour and the child's mood.
Take an adequate manifestation of emotions: explain, as the child does not know how to behave in situations of grief and joy; be very generous in showing your emotions in such situations.
Help the child to go to school: start a sheet of paper, letters, rakhunka; train your fingers ( special rights , Attach to the trivial and correct manipulations with the olives and the hand); adjusting the rules of behavior in different situations.
Take the development of the child's self-reliance: let him bring the right to the end by himself, and he may not be as good as ever.
Inspire faith in the child, in her health and capacity.
Crisis of eleven-thirteen rock_v.
old man psychological structures, It is typical for a tsyo vik, obscenities, zuhvalostі and vazhkovikhovuvanih. Characteristic for the whole period is the decrease in the primary and primary success.
The main reason for such boisterous manifestations of some psychologists is in the fact that grown-ups do not change their behavior in the minds of the appearance of new, more mature forms for the fathers and teachers. Some of them look at the crisis as a direct visualization of the process of statutory maturity, they are a little tied to the peculiarities of the crisis, and the third is, such a crisis is not a problem, and it is simply not a problem for a large number of children.
HEAD zmіst i spetsifіchnu vіdmіnnіst in rozvitku Creasy tsogo vіkovogo perіodu - perehіd od of Childhood to doroslostі scho proyavlyaєtsya in sotsіalnomu i statevomu dozrіvannі ditini i suprovodzhuєtsya pragnennyam to povnoї samostіynostі, uniknennya control of the side has grown, pіdvischenim іnteresom to svoєї zovnіshnostі i predstavnikam protilezhnoї statі, zagostrenim in a sense of justice.
Symptoms of an adult crisis:
Decreased productivity of primary activity (As well as the possibilities of her engaging), to navigate in quiet areas, if there are a lot of gifts. Regression manifests itself in the presence of creative workers, who want the building of mechanical workers to be secured. Surrounded by the transition from a concrete to a logical message.
Negativity. Pidlitok nibi seen from their otocheniya, we grow strong before welding, breakdown of discipline, experiencing internal troubles at once, unhappiness, praznennya to self-reliance and self-isolation.
The behavior of the child during the crisis is not necessarily negative. There are three options:
Negativity of yaskravo bends in all spheres of life. Triva such a kind of decilkokh types to vypadkiv, if the children are more likely to self-isolate from the family, є overwhelmingly awake, for navpaki baiduzhim. If you are sick, and if you show negativity, 20% of children will be more susceptible.
Approximately 60% But there is no negativity in the vicinity of life situations, the persh for all the reaction is not negative in the middle (confusion, oppressive atmosphere in the school).
In 20% of adolescents, negativity in behavior does not manifest itself.
All the tse is the power of zrobiti stewed, scho negativism of delusions of shortcomings of pedagogical approach.
It’s so great that the daddy and the reader will be able to knit difficult situations without a crisis or without a crisis, if the process of ruining the old people’s psychological structures is not strong enough, and during the period of crisis (14-15 years). Explain the price for all the ineffectiveness of the new minds, the old people of the wilderness, in the new minds, know the others, who, in a larger world, have seen the cycle of the consumer's age, for the good and for the time
Please daddy
Expand the number of social roles of a child (sina / daughter, onuk / onuchka, relative, schoolboy, scholar, friend, peer, member of a child's organization, a big man, etc.), crack a moral and ethical snake.
Stvoryuvati more rolovi navantazhen.
Give more self-reliance and versatility.
Do not take advantage of the authority of the just and prudent fathers in their lovers, who are not involved.
Get better at less criticism of children and children.
Remembrance of the sharpened respect for pidlitkiv on your yu zvnishnist on respect to the inner camp.
Take a formulation from the child of an adequate self-assessment.
Construct for self-awareness that self-taught child, value to nahil and professional gusto.
To accept the spiritual development of specialness, the consolidation of moral and ethical norms and rules of behavior.