View of usny folk creativity from author's creations. A short summary of lectures from the course “Usna Narodna Poetic Art. Pidruchnik For other chief pawns
1.1.It’s busy. Folklore yak mystestvo words.
Understanding the subject of folk art. The main features of the folk art. Freedom of the creative process and running around. Collectiveness of creativity and form. Unity of collective and individual. Tradition, change and variability. Syncretism. people poetical creativity like a mystery of the weary word, the freedom of his artistic abilities, style, genres.
Edited by Enn Marki and Enn O'Connor. What has become of the decline of Ireland's traditional culture? Until the middle of the twentieth century, notifications were made on the cich structurally folding books, Bully poklikanі vikonuvati own repertoire for the purpose of documentation. In the current light of compulsive brute-force among "supplements" and virtual calls through 140-character "tweets", the hearing of the patients is much more flexible.
Bogorodskaya fish
And all the same, like they demonstrated in a perceptively edited collection of Enn Stamps and Enn O'Connor, folklore and modern Irish writing, as seen in the sleepy tradition everywhere. At the 24-sided writer, the playwright and Litrym Vincent Woods sings beautifully the thought about "Folklore like dzherelo and natchnennya", which, to build, say everything. And two primitive people of Connacht will be seen in the national memory, ala, as well as some of the most prominent people of the world reputation, do not guess in the official history of Ireland in the twentieth century.
1.2. Genre system of Russian folklore
Regional Problems: Raised Folklore Into Genres and Pools. The problem of the classification of genres. Food about genre types. Genetic link of genres. backbone processes in genres, including some genres from іnshi. Functions of genres. Poetics of Poetry and Genres of Folklore as an Artistic System.
1.3... Walking folklore and early stages of development
Along the way, Woods told us about those who helped create the minds of the world's traditions in their second homeland, for which wines are viral, and which appear in the World of Thirteen Acres. The patterns were repeated again and again. Images and motives, traditional history, Wikoristovuyutsya metaphorically, to expand the change of contemporary texts and atmospheric, to polishit and embellish the texture.
Form usny information, like on even elementary level, and on a larger scale, vikoristovyuyutsya in the plot structures of contemporary texts. Niy Dkhybne trim of the poet Nuali Ni Dhommayna is a kind of a butt of that, as a creative writer can become "a good judge and interpreter of folklore."
Istorichne vivchennya folklore and this problem. Principles of chronological timed to folklore. problems historical poetics... Understanding the typological peculiarities of folklore manifestations. Features, zagalny for folklore native peoples.
Significant periodization of the history of Russian folklore: folklore of pre-class suspension, the era of feudal suspension, the era of capitalism and socialism. The theory of labor mobility of the arts. Works of Pisni. Animism, anthropomorphism. Link to folklore and mythology. Found common Slavic folklore. History of ancient words and folklore. Christianity and dvovir'ya in folklore. Kyivska Rus, Moskovska Rus, the formation of Russian statehood and sleepy creativity... Formation of the national Russian tradition.
The relationship with the works of the founders of the contemporary Irish literature is pre-river. Folklore taking pride in Irish birth, since tradition was widely viewed as an important resource for cultural renewal. Yeats, as having signified John Dillon in his library, sent Meri Bit to the house, and saw that “the greater part of my Celtic days is a great part of my life”. Earlier, in the nineteenth century, the English-Irish literature vikoristovuvuyu romantically overwhelmed by folk traditions.
"Alive - tremtіv, and in the world - tremtіv"
William Carlton is one of the most famous writers in the world. The Іnshy, mensh vidomy, the author, of the discussions in the whole volume of Marian Terez Keys, is Anna Maria Fіldіng-Hall, who played with her boyfriend Semuel Carter Holom in the book of the popular leaflet about "high prices" The whole impulse is typical for the quasi-ethnographic style, which has come into fashion to accept the Law on Union. Historical Georgian and Victorian authors have substituted the results of antiquarian traditions written by such, as Thomas Crofton Crocker, for the barvy of the wine of the Irish Silk life, as the stinks have passed.
1.4. Rites and rites of passage
Significant characteristic of the ritual travel. The timing of the її to the state and family-by-beat rituals. Utilitarnі and relіgіyno-magіchnі funktsії. Classification of rituals. Celebrating and celebrating ritual travel. Cyclization and warehouse. Winter cycle train. Draw the Christian rituals. Christmas carols. Observance of vorozhinnya. Maslyana.
Orenburzkiy pukhovu khustku
The story of the Great Hunger is ruined by folklore wikipedia about the past sounds and names, the culture of the Irish provincial culture can be learned from the British metropolitan culture. Yogo strains on the people, as opposed to the pretensions of the historical figures, did not bully into the knowledge of the "healthy revolution", to demonstrate, as the people's life, to promote the alternatives of standardization, to develop. Eilean Niy Chuilyanayn later, like the early robot of Padrejk Colum, and in the days of the future, the writers of such authors, like Patricia Line and Eils Dillon, were introduced to the young literature, in the early years they were republished
Trains of the spring-summer cycle: springtime, Troitsko-Semitsky rites, Kostroma, Kupalsky rituals.
Basic (stubble) rituals.
Family-by-word rituals: warehouse and classification. Pilgrimage, wedding, recruitment, funeral rites.
Ritual travel: the classification of ritual travel. Viroki, decorating. Conjuration, snake. Pisnі: ritual, incantation, magnificence, basic, іgrovі, lyrical rituals pictures. Voice.
Chasing Gel folklore within the ideological framework of Ireland Valeria responded negatively, asking the critics to think about the literary value of folk art. The testimony of the fact that modern criticism is anxious, you can probably make your way, maybe it was revealed in minivan countries with the reception of a noble announcement of the Island of Blebke Paygu Sayers, which has become the subject of interest. Iren Luchchitty stverdzhu, who is in the center of respect for folklore in the fortunes of Peyga Bula is an autobiographical person, who is refreshed to see from the "generation of generations" and the offensive.
1.5. Prisliv'ya. orders
Seize those orders. Visnachennya of invitations and orders; the problem of їх interconnection. Forms pobutuvannya sendings і orders, їkh calls with living my. Mysce of spillovers in the systems of genres of folklore. The walking of the spree, the first is the utilization. The stiffness of the attitudes, the richness of the proverbial judgment. Moving and poetical function. Prior to the classification of prizes. The poetics of the admission.
De Irishka folklore will fit in with everyone? The first part of the book - "Collections and Collections" - is assigned to the discussion of aspects of the National Folklore Collections in the Dublin University College. The editors declare that I respect folklore in yogo vlasnom right, as well as prior to the collection and collection of folklore є a necessary change of mind for the further distributions, assigning literary animals and adaptive materials. We can be sure to turn out to be valid for the out-of-the-box oglyadic artist Kelli Fitzgerald about the development of the Irish folklore traditions, but not all the same, since it’s not altogether different, since it’s about the special themes of the retrospective ones in the whole , Brіd nі Gakhmanіn і Paul Delanі vivchayut the knowledge of the mandrіvnik, selected by one well-known folklore collector Padrai Mac Gren.
Order. Viznachennya orders. The imagery of artistic orders; orders and phrases. Type of orders, їх structure. and this theory is clearer. Picking up invitations and orders.
1.6. riddles
Riddles: viznachennya, prokhodzhennya, zvyazok with allegorical promos. Thematic groups of riddles. Link with riddles with rituals and with іnshim folklore genres... Poetic imagery and artistic enigma. Іstorya zbirannya i vivchennya riddles.
Shemogodskaya birch bark
At first glance, make a contribution, but don't forget about the core theme "Folklore and the modern Irish leaf" Protest, it might be the best way to have a look at the food.
Pidruchnik For other chief pawns
Fitzgerald stverdzhu, in the past folklore "looking like a ready-made product, object in the field, for sampling and analysis." The whole story of the history of folklore could, at my glance, play in the form of a critical look at the robots of the collection. True, the Polish writers, the rosies of the Irish folklore comic, respected how the stench was just documenting the old traditions, the fantastical ones from the zabuttya, alas, how did the stench rob you? Most, if not all, folklore was recorded and recorded in piece-by-piece induced situations, since the collectors introduced "informators" in their booths and were installed before one-time appearances.
1. 6. kazki
Designed for the genre and yogo types. Cossacks about tvarin: pozhazhennya vimislu, those ideas, images. Allegoricalness of kazoks about creatures. Poetics and style: compositional singularity, cumulative, repetition, dialogue, games / priyomi / adapt.
Charіvnі kazki: viznachennya enchanting cossacks... Link with myth. Life is the basis of ancient plots. Poetics and style: composition, static character, similarity of plots and motives, repeat three times, the same line of development of the story, the way of creating the hour and the moment, stylistic rituals, (mythology. "Morphology of the Kazka".
At the same time, the intellectuals demonstrated the miraculous versatility of the contemporary folklore for the collection of artists, who more and more adapted the colors of the text in the letters of the text in the interests of the day. If we want to assess the role of folklore in the Irish leaf, we could also come to the proper respect for the literary achievements of the collection of writers. The manuscript of the National Folklore Collections should receive merit not only as a dzherela material for the development of the Irish culture, but as a result of a successful literature.
Sotsialno-pobutovі or short stories: walking, social and ideological and artistic nature. Peculiarities of poetry and style. See the beat-up kazok.
Collection and vivchennya of kazoks. After the classifications of plots: proponents of Kazakh plots by Aarne-Andrєєva, Thompson.
1. 7. Tell, legends, bilini, bouvalschini
Transfer: viznachennya, genre signs. Thematic groups of re-orders. Tell me about the memorials of the Russian history and historical acts. Toponіmіchnі rekazi. Poetics of perekaz_v. Leave a note to the other genres of usny prose. Artistic freedom of transfer.
It is especially worthwhile for him to commit himself to the thoughtful forerunner of Angela Burke, a glimpse of Irish folklore, whose robot has introduced new ways of evaluating written texts known in folklore archives. Larkin, Emmet J. Historical Revival of Irish Catholicism. Johann Gottfried von Herder played a handful of notes and saved folklore to document the spirit, tradition and specialness of the Nimetsian people; vera in those who can be so justice, one of the principles of romantic nationalism, broken up by Herder.
Legends: the designation of the genre, the assignment of one to the last species of the same position. Link with church bookishness and religious function. Legends and an odd thought to the people in the era of the middle. Artistic ear in legends.
Bouvalschina: designation of the genre, view from the list. Rozmaittya those buvalschin. Special dosvid, Style, mov announcement. Elements of artistic creativity.
However, not all legends are culturally expanded on this scale. The legends of the French war Roland, the Sumerian prince Gilgamesh and the legends of the heroes of Sinbad from the "Arabian Nights" are all important literary characters, do not adapt and expand to the step of King Arthur. Tsі and іnshі people got stuck in singing groups of people and didn’t be included in a wider literary or cinematographic light.
People's song can be written as folk music people in districts, often in decile versions, or with regional options. " People's songs, most of all, are the most culturally developed from all kinds of folklore. Musical traditions and styles of boules were culturally sold back before the appearance of their writings and the recording of technology.
Bilichka yak genre. Religious function and non-visual artistic creativity in tickets. Viraz in them folk demonology and folk vervans. See bilechek, їх those і style. Classification problems.
1.8. bilini
The designation for the genre. The term "bilina" and "antiquity". Bilini and historical action: political representation vіyskovoї іstorії ancient Rus, Social-class names: names, geographical names, objects of material and spiritual culture in Bilins. The problem is that of a prodigy. Nationality and theory of aristocratic promenade to the epic.
Already in the eighteenth century, interest in regional balads and music in Europe, alas, perhaps the most significant cultural expansion was the result of colonialism zmushuv in conducting the zbori of the older cultures. Rabbi brought musical traditions to America and are believed to be the ones from the most recent American folk songs. In the twentieth century, artists such as Bob Dilan, Joan Baez and Wood Gatri set their own music in the folk style.
The most early festivals were wrapped around the harvest, the chanuvannya of the dead or the holy kuvannya. Gromadic activity is often accompanied by music, dancing and dissemination of history, the most popular song and hour of transmission to folklore. Often the festival itself is based on special folklore traditions, for example, at the Dionis festivals in Ancient Greece. One of the most popular and widespread festivals is the Halloween festival. I would like to lie in yogic rituals, to represent evil spirits, which were once in the ric, in the order of the tradition of All Before the Day of the New Zavit, who became in the meaning of the world holy, childish holy garments.
Periodization of the history of the post. Plots, those and images found period and the coming hours. The link between the bilin and the mythology and the definition of a particular system and imagery and style. Cyclization bilin. Bilini Kiev and Novgorod Rus. Historical and poetic classification to the plot. Idea and historical basis of the most popular bilins: "Volkh Vseslavievich", "Olga and Mikula", "Dobrinia and the Serpent", "Friendship of Prince Volodymyr", "Ilya and Nightingale-Rozbeinik" andin. Typizatsiya in bilines. Poetics. Principles of images of people and ideas in bilins (hyperbolism, ideology). Composition. The last of the episodes, the beginning of the story, the repetition: the acceleration and hope of the development, the beginning and the idea. Poetic mova
Tse not rіdkіst, oskіlki Day of the Child, Guy Fawkes i new saint They changed the sense and the Christmas style with a stretch of the bagatech rock. Similar to myth and legend, epic poetry of heroes of ancient times, supernatural forces, deities and grandiose battles. The main insight among them is that the epic poetry is a trendy result of a series of Russian traditions. The epic poetry is a form of literary formation, which is formed from a new verse, a collection of the victorious one in the ceremony.
Tse is tied up with that, the author has relied on the muse, or on God, speak through the author. Nayvidoms of epic poets, Homer of Old Greece, as they respected, created such classics, such as "Ilyada" and "Odyssey", Greek myth, legend and traditions in the structuring of the rosters. The Vergil of the Eneida shared the tradition of the Greek and Trojan legends, as well as the Roman verse, to describe in detail the falling asleep of Rome, and John Spencer's "Queen of the Fire" shared the legend of Arthur, the Protestant British ideology and scholarship artist literature John Milton's paradise is not only victorious.
Save the bilin in the sleepy mess. Storytellers (, і ін.) Yak nosії and virazniki of the traditional traditions.
Art value of the epic - the greatest monument of the Russian culture. The history of the collection and the most recent selection. Vivchennya bilin.
1.9... Historical pictures.
The term "Historical Song". zbirniki historical songs XIII-XIX cent. Istorichna pisnya yak stage development of epic creativity. The onset of the sound of historical songs with bilines. Link of historical songs with other genres of folklore. The principles of artistic and reliable images of podіy and special features in historical paintings. History of the People and Imagination in Songs ("Shchelkan Dudenteviche in."). The main cycles: about Ivan the Terrible, about Ermak, about the Time of Troubles, about Stepan Razin, about Peter I, pisnі about podії Vіtchiznyanoї vіyni 1812 rock. Types of characters: people's hero, Tsar, commander. Image to the People. Genres of types: epic songs (with an open plot, one piece), lyro-epic songs. Satirical motives. Composition and style.
1.10... baladnі pisnі
The designation for the genre. Vyvchennya and zbirannya baladnykh pisen. Anthology ,. The nature of the Russian baladic pissen, their promenade. Early baladni pictures (XIV - XVI centuries): "Dmitro and Domna", "Prince Roman dragged the squad", "Prince Mikhailo". Food about historical balads (a song about polony). The social nature of humanism, which was played in early baladic songs. Early anti-clerical baladny songs: "Vasil and Sophia", "Churilov-igumenya", "Prince and Elders". Baladni paintings of the 17th century: "Threat to a young man", "Druzhina rozbіynik", "Brothers rogues and sister." Pizni baladni pictures of the 17th-ear of the 18th century: "Vanka the housekeeper and the prince Volkonsky", "The mother of the family has her honor." Poetics: peculiarities of composition and plot, drama, psychologism, mystery of the tragic, character of the verse.
1.11. lyrical pictures
Specificity of the genre. Zbirniki i. Life and poetical function. Spіvіdnoshennya lyricheskikh pіsennya i ritualnyh. Principles of the classification of lyrical animals. Basic types. Parts of the pic. Oh zm_st, image. Pisni hot and satirical. Long pictures. Love and family pictures. Їх Зміст, topics, different ways of transmission to the change: messages and messages. Compositional principle. Traditions of art for image creation: painting of nature and pobutu, portraits of heroes. The hero of lyric songs. Assign the inner openness to the image of the people; symbolism, її main thematic views. Composition. Artistic parallelism, metaphor, epitheti, sound writing.
1.12... Folk drama
Viznachennya dramas as a kind and genre. See and form a dramatic action. Collection and anthology. Dramatic display of epic and lyrical creations. Link of dramatic performance with folk rituals and games. Satirical p'esi, intermedia, monologues in the repertoire of the viconavts, in the Lyalkov theater and t. D. Їх theme, imagery, style. People's drama "Choven". The image of the rogue. Social satire. Drama "Tsar Maximilian". Literary dzherela p'єs. Poetics and style. Tradition and empowerment.
1.13. Childish folklore
Understand "Childish folklore". scribbling childish folklore... Zbirniki i. Rozpodil on genre. Koliskovy pictures, theme, image, style. Little dogs and little ones. Decorations. A special type of attachments is inverted. Calls and calls from the calendar trip. Orders and orders to magic rituals... Іgri, іgrovі adjustments of viroki. Lichilki, їkh prokhodzhennya and those. Drazhniks and underwear. Skoromovki.
1.14 spiritual issues
Designed to the genre, dzherela prokhodzhennya, brought to the traditional folklore. Viraz of popular misguided goals and middling vilnosti. Reappraisal of biblian teams, evangelical legends and apocrypha: "Virsh about Golubin down, virsh about Ugoriy Khorobrom", "Virsh about Lazarus to the wretched" and in. Christian-religious imagery. The nature of the plot and motives. Types of spiritual verses: song-and-prayer and prayer. Assigning the peculiarities of the biline verse. Style. Spіvaki bilinnikh vіrshіv. Sharing spiritual warriors among the people. Gathering and vivchennya of spiritual warriors.
15... Historical mind the development of folklore (friend
halfXIX- earXxv.)
Development of capitalism in Russia and folklore. Zagalny valleys of traditional folklore. Transformation of genres. Zmini in bilins, kazkas and songs. New recruits, soldiers and prison writers. Zmіna of the traditional system and folklore. development of individual creativity in mass creativity. Winning and development of working folklore.
Village folklore.
Protest against sated capitalism, against ruining and landlessness (crying). Anti-patriarchal rural folklore; curse the gold and the rotten. The turn in the mass rural poise of the revolution of 1905 before the ideas of revolutionary democracy. Strengthening social satire. New lives by those. Infusion of book poetry into the village's masovy poetry repertoire.
Working folklore.
Umovi i hour of the meeting, yogo evolution, genre warehouse, idea artist freedom... Folklore is born of a robotic class. Link with rural folklore. Traditions and innovations in creative work. Characteristics of genres. Development of motives of revolutionary struggle. A growing infusion of book poetry into the folklore of Moscow. Massive messages to the proletariat. Їх author. Revolutionary by those. Zbirannya i vivchennya folklore.
parts
Parts yak genre. Zbirniki, i, anthology of Bakhtin. Ideological and aesthetic features of part of the journey. Intra-genre thematic classification of parts: lyrical matings, dances, inconspicuous and inverted, countrymen, “Semenivna” and іn. Satire and humor in parts. Cycles of parts. Composite types of parts. artist... Mova i style. The originality of the display and visiting of parts. Traditions of the second genres in part of the creative work.
Folklore in the Radianska era.
The folk poetical creativity of the Radiansky period is a new stage in the development of folklore. Traditional system of folklore, share of traditional genres. Forms of mastery of traditional folklore decline. self-made Folk creativity... There is a sense of creativity in the rock of the revolution and in the huge war. Partisan hearts Rozpovidі about the revolution and huge wines... The Problem of Usual Notification of Yak Evidence to Folklore. Form a memo і plot. Narodna poetic creativity in the rock of vidbudov and the people's statehood. Rose and pictures about Lenin. Pererabotki popular pisen. Anti-bourgeois satire. New parts and additions. Folklorization of popular songs of Radiansk poets and composers.
Folk poetical creativity in the rock of the Great Victory Day. Patriotic ones. The theme of overcoming fascism. Пісні дівchat-galyavin. Pisni robots and colgospniks, soldier. Voice. Anti-fascist parts. Rozpovidі about vіyna. Seize those orders. The folk poetry is the creativity of the warlords for ten years. The theme of peace. New pictures and parts. New ways to develop folk art. The lucky camp of usnoy poetic folk creativity.
1.16 Literature and folklore
"Doubleness" of the problem: infusion of folklore into literature and literature into folklore. Folklorism and nationality. Progressive and conservative writers and folklore.
literary monuments Kyiv Rus(History of temporary years and ін.) І folklore. "A word about the regiment of Igor" and folklore. Folklore and literature from the period of nationally-visvolnyh zmagan, becoming a single Russian state. Folk poetry in literature at the turn of the new era (XVII century) ("Eruslan Lazarevich", Bova-Korolevich "and ін.) Satisfaction folk Kazakhs... "Story about Woe-without talent" and folk songs.
Literature of the XVIII century and folklore
Folklore in the literature of the Petrovsky hour. The creativity of early educators (,). Classicism and folklore. (1st school). Russian education and problems and folklore. і “folklore straight ahead in literature. і folklore. , Literature for sentimentalism and folklore. Tales and folklore. Vikoristannya folklore at the "Road from St. Petersburg to Moscow". Pseudo-folk vikorystannya folklore among pseudo-classical writers directly.
Literature XI - ear of XX century and folklore
The era of becoming romanticism and folklore. Realism and folklore. Individual Victory of Folklore in Creativity ,. Writers of the "natural school": і folklore Satire-Shchedrina і folklore. -Pechersky and folklore. Painters-Shistcostal. and folk creativity. Vikoristannya folklore at creativity. і th reworking of epіchnyh pіsennyh. і folklore. Peasant writers and folklore by those, images, style in їхній creativity.
writers end of XIX- ear of XX century and folklore. Early and folklore. and folk creativity. Pomilkovі stylizatsії pіd folklore. Decadenti and folklore.
Radianska Literature and Folklore
Innovation of Radianskiye Writers and Folklore. Follow the traditions of folk creativity in the genres of tale-retrace (), kazka (, і ін.). Folklore in the works of O. Blok, S. Asenin, V. Mayakovsky, M. Sholokhov, A. Platonov. Suchasna Russian poetry and folklore. Folklore among the creativity of contemporary prose (F. Abramova, V. Astaf'ev, V. Rasputin and I.). folklorization literary works: Pisni poets-pisnyariv in mass chatting.
1.17. History of folklore
Interest in folklore in ancient times (literature). The church was placed before folklore. The first recordings of folklore, the first collection of prizes, lists of bilines, collection of songs and іnshe.
Formation of Russian science (history and philology) and the development of folk art. Іstorik about folklore, і about folklore. Choosing folklore in the 18th century Growth of interest to folk culture... Zbirniki Kirsha Danilov, that in. I folklore. Decembrists about social life, historical and patriotic meaning of folklore. Romantic writers about folklore. and about folk art.
Selection of folk art:,. Significance of їkh dіyalnosti for vivchennya flora.
about folk creativity. The struggle of Bulinsky with official folk and reactionary words І. And Herzen about folklore. about the connection of the people's journey to the lives of the history of the people. about the ideological and artistic value of the Russian folk poetry creativity, about the songs, the kazki and the priest, about the creation of folklore. The significance of the glances of the revolutionary democracies on the culture and creativity of the folk masses for the development of the science of folklore.
Pratsi of vicarious mythologists Western Europe(Brother Grimm). Rishennya mythologists eat about walking folklore. Explaining the details of the plots and images of the folklore of the old peoples. The scientific merits of the representatives of the mythological school and their graces; zasosuvannya them according to the method of vivchennya folklore. Criticism and mythological schools.
Ritual and mythological criticism. Neomythologists.
Pratsi, and the setting of їkh research to similar robots in the leaders of Western Europe - migrants, adherents of schools and suspicious (T. sexual-mythological critic Benfei іn.). The problem of similarity and subject matter and development in the history of migration. Idea about "smart leaks" in case of suspicion.
branch historical science and ethnography and their meaning for vivchenya folklore. Anthropological school (theory of self-generated plots). The problem of walking around and the details of plots, її development. Pratsi. "Historical poetics".
inception historical method doslіdzhennya folklore:,. Significance of robots for the formation of a historical school. , Yogo basic pratsi, їkh meaning. Robots ,.
Zbirniki, B. and Yu. Sokolovikh.
Radianska folklore. Ob'dnavcha and vidavnich the activity of academic institutes. Doslidzhennya B. and Yu Sokolovikh ,. Theoretical robots. Discussions and specifics in modern camp folklore (50-60th pp.), about the history of the epic (60s, 80s). Porіvnyalnye vivchennya folklore ().
The objects of the folk industry are old-fashioned. The managers of the Silskoy craft, the objects of the first need were set up, including the new folding constructions. By the year, the objects of the folk industry began to be praised not only for the practical, but rather for the aesthetic zmist: business, quiet promises (whistles, igrashka) and embellish home interiors. In the rural regions and regions of our land, the views of craftsmanship, handicrafts and crafts were developed. In a wide range of materials, we have chosen the most and most of them.
1. Orenburzky pukhovu khustka
The Orenburzky downy hustka is called a zbirne: a warm and important hustka shawl, a thin, light, delicate hustka - "pavutinka". The divine graces have in them unique features of the fluff of the mice breed, the folk beauty, harmony and order.
Kozy from Orenburg is throwing an indifferent fluff, which is to be used by those who are nigh on the street. Virobi from such fluff - light and light and, at the same hour, even more cold and warm.
V'yazannya khustok, pavutinok abo palantin - duzhe kopitka pratsya. Maistrina vitrachaє on the hand knitting of one hustka of the middle size is close to the month.
Openwork khustki-pavutinki of thin and vitonized layers, which can be pulled through the hoop. Smell of being appreciated by women in all their light and being vvazhayutsya a wonderful gift.
2. Tula samovar
At a great hour, the foreman of the Tula Zbroy Factory Fedir Lisitsin, loving maystruvate well, never mind, and once breaking a samovar. Then they made a samovar pledge, they sold midi virobes, which were criminally successful.
Samovars Lisitsin were famous for their versatile forms and chilling: baril, vases with carbides and gravings, egg-shaped samovars, with cranes at the dolphin's viewer, with loop-like handles, writing.
On the ear of the 19th century, the popularity of the Nabuvian factory "Merchants Vasilya and Ivana Lomiv in Tula" was founded in 1812. On the bells of samovars, they engraved the inscription: "Vasil Ivan Lomov 'V'Tule".
For the temple habits of Lomov's samovar, some of the first Mali have the right to wear the sovereign Russian coat of arms yak find the city... I pony samovars, broken by the hands of the Tula maystras, are a worthwhile vivid mystery and an unmistakable attribute of traditional tea in Russia.
3. Palekhsky miniature
Palekh is a small-type settlement in the Ivanovo region, where it was moved along the road between the towns of Nizhniy Novgorod and Ivanovo. In 1923, the Persha of the Palekh miniatures was born, both of which are famous for their place.
Palekh lacquer miniature is presented in a typical plot with haunted life, Kazok, pisen, bilin. Viconize out on the black aphid in gold.
For an hour, the area is so small and the plot is foldable, so the mayor has to go into the additional loop and assign robots to the number of miscellaneous.
4. Gzhel
At a visible 50-60 kilometers on the winter road from Moscow, in the Ramensky district, the members of the Yegoryevsky highway roztashovany two dozen were angry with themselves for the most beautiful powers and powers. Gzhel is the name of one of the strongest hair centers, which has become a favorite for the whole region, a symbol of a unique art and folk majesty.
With a hand, ten years of Gzheltsy opened up divovizhni for beauty and versatile design of kakhli for decorating stoves and stones. Ponad 500 of these images are now in his collection of Hermitage.
The Bagato Gzhel maestri took part in the history of the pottery industry in the first Russian museums.
History of Gzheli ide vglib stolit, і її folk mystery judged by the dovge of life, this year's celebrations, the people's promise was gaining new strength. At the Rizni Kintsi Planet see blue birds Gzheli, schob embellish people, vihovuvati feel the beauty.
5. Pavloposad khustki
The history of the Pavloposad khustka is being repaired since the end of the 17th century, and the heads of the Russian mayors themselves have become a vidomy for all the world and have long since become a visiting card of Russia. Primarily, Russian artists have proposed elements for the design of hostocks from other cultures: the whole lotus, the chamomile, the antique vases, the bouquets of flowers, the birds, the ancient symbols, and the rich images.
However, the main leitmotif of the Pavloposad khustok is all the same to leave the life of the Russian people: hard part, І immediately entrusted - radio and fun episodic from the life of people.
Yaskravі and lungs, zhіnіchnі pavlopossadskіe khustki are always fashionable current. Infections of the original babies are supplemented with small elements on the eye-catching fringes;
6. Vologda
Russian merezhiva - self-awareness, self-motivation behind the plots and technicians. Ale є in the middle are one, special. Most of the virobi of the Vologda non-living creatures are motsociyuyutsya with us with the word "fancy". And for a good reason - the history of the whole industry in the Vologda region is far away from the roots, and the axis has already become the capital of the enemy with its vitality.
In Vologda, weaving on wooden sticks and bobbins is a real thing. The whole image is visually striking, without interruption, of the same width, smoothly ringing with cloth. The stench is clearly visible on the white grates, adorned with elements at the eyes of the stars and sockets.
Under the rule of Peter I, the majestrin of lace making was sent to Russia from behind the cordon. The fashion for this promiscuity has led to the fact that the rich squads of the Russian noblemen became vivchati and robots with bobbins, and they organized majors in their gardens, and the villagers weaved deceitfully.
7. Shemogodskaya birch bark
Shemogodskaya Rizblennya is a traditional Russian folk art industry of birch bark development. Ornaments Shemogodskaya Rіzbyarіv is called "birch bark birch bark" and to be used for making screenshots, boxes, tea-boxes, pencil cases, boxes, stravs, tarіlok, cigarette cases. 
Symmetrical cross-section Shemogodskaya design is built from tall ornaments, kil, rhombus, oval. The little ones can be inscribed with images of birds or animals, architectural motives, and one can find a stage of festivities in the garden and tea.
8. Tula gingerbread
Tula glorified Russia not only with spirits, with samovars, harmonies, but with gingerbread.
Tula gingerbread is practically a miracle for the world, at least the Tula people themselves call this delicious delicacy. The pride, the need to say, is completely grounded, even with the history of the science, so that there are hundreds of rockies in the making of gingerbread. There are up to 300-year history of gingerbread mystery, and the whole lot is a great drowning.
It’s unlikely that some of Tula's gingerbread was spiked, but only once did the history of the Tula gingerbread survive, but Tula gingerbread survived 13 emperors and an unlucky number of revolutions of war and lifelessness.
9. Rostov finance
Emal came to Russia from Vizantia, that Russian name emali - "fіnіft" - to resemble the Greek "fingіtіs", which is changed as "light, shining stone".
Rostov has a mystery of the fire leaves from the 17th century. You can wrap yourself up with the Kyivan maysters only from the Limozh. There are more than 800 rockets in emails. Ale and the stench is even more highly appreciated by the Rostov maestros, especially the malovnichi ministry.
10. Khokhloma Rozpis
Khokhloma is one of the most beautiful Russian industries, which originated in the 17th century in the city of Semyonov, near Nizhny Novgorod. The price of decorative design of furniture and wooden utensils, as a love not only of the clerks of the Russian old-fashioned world, ale and residents foreign lands.
Chimerically intertwined grassy grasses with yaskravo-chervonykh berries and golden leaves on black aphids can endlessly. To this, to find the traditional wooden spoons, presented by the most insignificant drive, to forget the memory of the gift-giver, having taken away the goodness itself.
11. Abashevskaya igrashka
Promisel vine in the village of Abashevo, Penza region on the cob 17 st. Yogo to knit s people's saint"Whistler": Thousands of clay whistles were robbed to the saint. Abashevskaya whistles most often depicted creatures - goats, deer, rams, and not so often take on the phantasmagoric Cossack viglyad. Whistles were painted with bright blue, green, red barvy, in the best days.
The secrets of linen and vipal were passed on in the family from generation to generation. Navchati was repaired for 8 years. Virobi from the clay in Abashevo were poured in the forges - sporuds of a rounded abo oval shape, vicladens from a cone of 1.5 m and a height of 2 m. The Meister climbed into the forge, and his squad served them from the top of the glechik and mountain men.
12. Zhostovskaya Rozpis
Є In Pidmoskov, the village of Zhostovo, the inhabitants of which are already from the beginning of the century will be able to embellish all the same speech - pidnos. The penzel of folk painters is the subject of knowledge of the quality of the artistic creation.
For their history Zhostovskie pidnosi z odd subject became independent decorative objects, and the craft gained the status of a unique kind of Russian folk art.
13. Gorodetska Rozpis
Gorodotska woodworking is a traditional artistic trade, which has taken away active development in the middle of the 19th century in villages along the village of Uzol in the outskirts of Gorodtsia in the Nizhny Novgorod region.
Gorodotska's design is quirky in its own manner, so it’s important to do it. Zhodne GORODETSKE virіb cannot do without writing garlands, bouquets of windows, how to fumble with trojands and chamomiles.
Gorodetskiy promissed about fifty rock times. Writing of the 1st week of the development of the brothel was born again, and the most famous artists were born.
The revival of the Gorodotsky design is tied to the names of the artist I. І. Oveshkova, who organized the profession of artists in 1935
14. Dimkovskaya igrashka
Dimkovskaya igrashka - a symbol of the Kirov region, old history... With a hold of choir the capital, the Dimkovskaya igrashka was beating up the life style of the bagatokh generation of the majesty.
Get stuck out of the clay, dry and scorch in the oven. I will write it out by hand, it is a unique copy of the skin once it is flashed. Two identical games cannot be found.
15. Gusevskaya kryshtal
Virobi, seen at the Kryshtal plant of the town of Gus-Khrustalny, can be seen in the museums of the Usiy Svit. Traditional Russian suveniri, objects for the pobut, services for the Christmas table, vitonished embellishments, boxes, statues manual robots to visualize beauty native nature, Її. Especially popular is virobi from kolorovy kryshtal.
16. Ural malachite
From the genus of malachite - in the Urals, in Africa, in the Northern Australia and the USA, however, for the color and beauty of the malachite of foreign countries, it is impossible to grow up with the Urals. Tom malachite from the Urals gets involved in the newest market.
17. Matrioshka
The round-eyed and povnenka cheerful little girl in Khustin and Russian folk dress has grown up with the hearts of lovers of the folk art and beautiful souvenirs in all the world.
The infection of a matrioshka is not just a folk girl, the keeper of the Russian culture: there is a memorial souvenir for tourists, on an apron, which are subtly decorated with games, scenes of cossacks and landscapes with significant memorials.
Matryoshka has become an expensive object of collection, which can cost more than one hundred dollars.
18. Mezenskaya Rozpis
The turns of the origin of this type of design lead to the mouth of the river Mezen of the Arkhangelsk region. She wrote about the home stuff - locks, ladles, boxes, screens, boxes. From the end of the 19th century, the center of the Mezen design was the village of Palashchel, and the Mezenskaya design on the tree was also the same "Palashchelskaya rozpis".
The list of registrations was carried out only by the choloviks, so that at the same time, women were specially trained. In the Danish hour, the Mezen register is practically used by all Russia, and in some schools, the won is included in the program of the creative arts.
19. Kazakovska filigran (filigree)
In Russia, filigree has been seen for a long time. Filigree virobes are seen in the excavations of the mounds of the IX century. Russia has one the biggest centers Scania virobnitstva is the village of Kazakova, Nizhny Novgorod region. Persha Kazakovskaya art_l based on virobnitstv Scania virob_bula was approved in 1939 rotsi. In the rock of the Great Vіtchiznyana Vіyni artіl didn’t adore its robots: they wove official chases, robbed little children for them, made cigarette cigars. At the hour of the night - we have mastered the knife and vyrobnitstvo.
Kozhen virib uniquely - philigranny speeches are prepared only by hand.
20. Bogorodskaya fish
Sergiyev Posad and the yogo outskirts have been renowned as the historical center of the city's right in Russia. One of them was called the "Russian Igor's capital" or "the capital of the Igor's kingdom." In the villages of Bagatyokh navkolishnykh robbed by igras. The village of Bogorodskoye became the most famous one, which was not far from Sergiev Posad.
Bogorodskaya Ryzblennya to vikonutsya for the help of a special "Bogorodskiy" knife ("pike").
One of the grown-ups of rice was made for the production of ruddy igrashok. Naybilsh vіdoma іgrashka "Kovaly", call up the image of a man and a weddy, as by devil’s b’yut on kovadlu. Tsya igrashka, vik what, for deyakim tribute, changing 300 rockyv, became a symbol of yak Bogorodskoe promislu, and the village of Bogorodskoe itself, added to the emblem of the village.