Navchannya on the application of Bernstein's theory. Theory of Rivne Organization of Rukhiv according to N.A. Bernstein. Uvaga and activity
Introduction ................................................. ........................ 2
1. Psychophysiological basis of organizing ruhiv ...... ... 3
1.1. The principle of sensory corrections .................................. 4
1.2. Reflex ring diagram .................................... 6
1.3. Rivni encourage rukhiv .................................. 7
2. Formation of rukhovikh navichok ............................ 10
2.1. The structure of feathers ......... ... ............... 10
2.2. The nature of the first step and the training. .............................. .12
Z. ravnevy pidhid in the analysis of the mechanisms of mental activity ......................................... ................... .. ... ..15
3.1. Awareness and efficiency ....................................... 15
3.2 Playback ..................... .. ........................ ............ twenty
Visnovok ................................................. .................. 26
List of Literature ................................................ ......... 27
Entry.
Last day in the psychology of psychology, a statement about the physiology of the Russian Bully was formulated and experimentally grounded by the prominent Russian scientist M. A. Bernstein.
Lykar-neuropathologist for his education, a physiologist for his scientific interests, N. A. Bernstein, having entered the scientific literature as a keen keeper of the principle of activity - one of quiet principles, on which the psychological theory of action will be based. In 1947, one of the main books of Bernstein, "About the Inspiration of the Rukhiv," was published, which was awarded the Sovereign Prize. A number of absolutely new ideas have been added to the bottom. One of them was based on the principle of a reflex arc as a mechanism of organizing the arms and replacing it with the principle of a reflex circle.
Meta-data of the robot є analysis of the main aspects of the theory to inspire the rulers of N. A. Bershtein.
Ob'єkt vivchennya-zakonіrnosti organizatіzії ruhu.
Zavdannya roboti:
1) Describe the psychophysiological basis of the organization of rukhiv;
2) Look at the shape of the navichok by the mechanisms;
3) Views of the main mechanisms of mental activity, such as: respect and spirits.
1. Psychophysiological basis of organization of rukhiv.
The patrons of N. A. Bernstein knew the problem of the mechanisms of organizing people and people. Being concerned with this problem, N. A. Bernshtein appeared to himself as an even psychologically misleading physician, as a result of this theory and the mechanisms he developed, he organically admitted to the theory; the stench allowed us to lose sight of our statement about the operational and technical aspects of performance.
N. A. Bernshtein, having entered in scientific literature as a keen keeper of the principle of activity - one of quiet principles, on which the psychological theory of action is based.
In 1947, one of the main books by N. A. Bernshtein, "About the Rush," was published, which was awarded the Sovereign Prize. At the bottom of the bottom there are images of the child's bags as small as thirty of the author's and his athletes in the field of experimental, clinical and theoretical ideas, and absolutely new ideas have been lowered.
One of them was based on the principle of a reflex arc as a mechanism of organizing the arms and replacing it with the principle of a reflex circle. Tsey point of the concept of H.A. Bernstein's revenge, in such a rank, criticism of panuval at that hour in the physiology of vice nervousness point of view on the mechanism of the mental reflex yak on the universal principle of the analysis of the whole nervous activity.
About the vivchennya N.A. Bernshtein has destroyed the natural ruins of a normal, unscrupulous organism, and, in the main, the ruins of people. Such a rank, at once a contingent of rukhiv, who are engaged in it; tse bully rukhi trudovі, sportnі, pobutovі and ін. Apparently, there was a need for the development of special methods for restoring the rucks, and with success Bernstein was there.
Until N. A. Bernstein's work in physiology was a dummy (like a place and in handbags), a rudimentary act was organized in the following order: at the stage of new ruk in ruk centers to form and fix the program; Then, as a result, there is an incentive to get out, to go to the motor command impulses, and to realize it. In such a rank, in the very Zagalom viglyadі the mechanism of ruku is described by the scheme of a reflex arc: stimulus - the process of central reorganization (failure of the program) - rukhova reaction.
The first visnovok, before what was the priyishov N. A. Bernstein, glimpsed at the one that could not so be able to come up with some sort of folding rud. Vzagalі, seemingly, even a simple ruh, for example, a colline reflex or throwing hands out into the fire, can be the result of direct motor commands from the center to the periphery. Alle the foldable actions, as they poklikanі virіshiti as zavdannya, to reach the result, so it will not be possible. The main reason The reason for this is that the result of a collapsible ruff is not just out of power signals, but out of a whole series of additional officials.
foreign powers: All the stench is brought in to the planning of the road, but itself does not go in front of the front line. As a result, the residual meta ruch can be extended, only amendments will be made continuously to the new one, or corrections. And for the central nervous system, the nobility is guilty, as є the share of the flowing rohu is real. In other words, in the central nervous system the guilt is infinitely received and the afferent signals, to avenge information about the real movement of the ruch, and then to be transformed into the signals of the correction.
1.1. The principle of sensory corrections.
N. A. Bernshtein proposes an absolutely new principle of ruch management, such as the name given to the principle of sensory corrections. The factor, like, on the thought of Bernstein, is poured into the show on the go.
Perche, tse reactive force... I looked at the butt: on the butt, if the man was waving his hand strongly, then in the other parts of the body, reactive forces would develop, as to change the position and tone.
In a different way, tse energy efficiency. As soon as Lyudin’s hand quickly, it’s not just for the quiet motor impulses that are sent in the muzzle, but at the moment of collapsing for the energy, that is, the singing energy comes out. NA Bernshtein respecting the manifestation of the inertia of presence in any kind of Russia.
In-tertє, tse callings, Yakі pour on the hіd vikonannya ruhu. Butt: if the rukh is directed at a certain object, then it is visible from the side of the opir. The first order of business is the most frequent to appear unreachable.
Fourth factor, on the thought of N.A. Bernshtein: there is another factor, which does not depend on getting lost when you pick it up, is cob mill m'yaziv. It’s a turn of mind to change at the same time because of a change, and also as a result of a century of other reasons. To that, one and the same motor impulse, reaching the muff, can give a great result.
There is a simple change of factors, which can be infused without a precession on the road. The central nervous system, on Bernstein's thought, there is a need for post-production information about the message to the Russian government. Qia information denied the name signals ringing bell. Tsi signals can instantly come from the muses to the brain along the decile channels. It should be guided by the butt: if there is a problem, the information about the border of the parts of the body should come from the proprioceptive receptors. However, in parallel, information comes through the organizer. An analogous picture is spontaneous to navigate at the vison of the new ruins. Lyudina will not accept the information only from receptors, which control the equipment, but through hearing. Moreover, the information that comes along the new canals is guilty of being uzgodzhenaya, and the information about the ruch is becoming ill-humored.
1.2. Scheme of a reflex ring.
The basic scheme of the functioning of the mechanisms in the ruch. Vona Bula was named by Bernstein as a reflex ring scheme. The qia scheme is based on the principles of sensory corrections and further development.
In the simplified viewer, the viewer diagram is as follows: from the motor center (M) to the m'yaz (working the point of the m'yazi), there are the effector commands. From the working point of the communication, send the afferent signals of the ringing ring to the sensory center. At the central nervous system, there is a reprocessing of information, which is needed, i.e., the transcript of the signal in the motor signal is correct, when the signal is sent again to the muzzle. Go to the control process.
 |
Principle vidmіnnіst of the concept motivate the ruins on the basis of the reflex arc and reflex ring.
In tsіy schema reflex arc of the vigladaє as one of її okremikh vipadkіv, if vіdbuvayutsya ruch, but does not require correction, that is, ruh of reflex nature. Piznishe Bernstein detailed the scheme of the reflex ring. In the scheme of the presence of the offensive elements: motor "enter" (effector), sensory "enter" (receptor), work point abo ob'єkt (which is about the subject matter), transcript block, program, regulator, set the attachment, attachment ...
With the manifestation of a large number of elements in the reflex ring, it functions in the following order: in the program, the last stage of the folding ruch is recorded. In the case of the skin, a specific moment is displayed as a private stage, or an element, the type of a private program is launched in to put an attachment. I will set the signal (SW - "those, scho maє buti") to come to the attachment of the ringing. On the same block from the receptor, the ringing signals (IW - "those,") arrive, and the work point is displayed. At the start of the ringing signal, there are signals to break out, and at the outlets, signals of unsuitableness (V / U) are received, as well as the necessary and actual camp of speeches. Let the stench go to the decryption unit, the sounds go to the corroboration signals, which are sent to the effector through the industrial instal- lation (regulator).
Introduction ................................................. ........................ 2
1. Psychophysiological basis of organizing ruhiv ...... ... 3
1.1. The principle of sensory corrections .................................. 4
1.2. Reflex ring diagram .................................... 6
1.3. Rivni encourage rukhiv .................................. 7
2. Formation of rukhovikh navichok ............................ 10
2.1. The structure of feathers ......... ... ............... 10
2.2. The nature of the first step and the training. .............................. .12
Z. ravnevy pidhid in the analysis of the mechanisms of mental activity ......................................... ................... .. ... ..15
3.1. Awareness and efficiency ....................................... 15
3.2 Playback ..................... .. ........................ ............ twenty
Visnovok ................................................. .................. 26
List of Literature ................................................ ......... 27
Entry.
Last day in the psychology of psychology, a statement about the physiology of the Russian Bully was formulated and experimentally grounded by the prominent Russian scientist M. A. Bernstein.
Lykar-neuropathologist for his education, a physiologist for his scientific interests, N. A. Bernstein, having entered the scientific literature as a keen keeper of the principle of activity - one of quiet principles, on which the psychological theory of action will be based. In 1947, one of the main books of Bernstein, "About the Inspiration of the Rukhiv," was published, which was awarded the Sovereign Prize. A number of absolutely new ideas have been added to the bottom. One of them was based on the principle of a reflex arc as a mechanism of organizing the arms and replacing it with the principle of a reflex circle.
Meta-data of the robot є analysis of the main aspects of the theory to inspire the rulers of N. A. Bershtein.
Ob'єkt vivchennya-zakonіrnosti organizatіzії ruhu.
Zavdannya roboti:
1) Describe the psychophysiological basis of the organization of rukhiv;
2) Look at the shape of the navichok by the mechanisms;
3) Views of the main mechanisms of mental activity, such as: respect and spirits.
1. Psychophysiological basis of organization of rukhiv.
The patrons of N. A. Bernstein knew the problem of the mechanisms of organizing people and people. Being concerned with this problem, N. A. Bernshtein appeared to himself as an even psychologically misleading physician, as a result of this theory and the mechanisms he developed, he organically admitted to the theory; the stench allowed us to lose sight of our statement about the operational and technical aspects of performance.
N. A. Bernshtein, having entered in scientific literature as a keen keeper of the principle of activity - one of quiet principles, on which the psychological theory of action is based.
In 1947, one of the main books by N. A. Bernshtein, "About the Rush," was published, which was awarded the Sovereign Prize. At the bottom of the bottom there are images of the child's bags as small as thirty of the author's and his athletes in the field of experimental, clinical and theoretical ideas, and absolutely new ideas have been lowered.
One of them was based on the principle of a reflex arc as a mechanism of organizing the arms and replacing it with the principle of a reflex circle. Tsey point of the concept of H.A. Bernstein, in such a rank, criticism of the panuval at that hour in the physiology of the whole nervous activity from the point of view of the mechanism of the mental reflex as to the universal principle of the analysis of the whole nervous activity.
About the vivchennya N.A. Bernshtein has destroyed the natural ruins of a normal, unscrupulous organism, and, in the main, the ruins of people. Such a rank, at once a contingent of rukhiv, who are engaged in it; tse bully rukhi trudovі, sportnі, pobutovі and ін. Apparently, there was a need for the development of special methods for restoring the rucks, and with success Bernstein was there.
Until N. A. Bernstein's work in physiology was a dummy (like a place and in handbags), a rudimentary act was organized in the following order: at the stage of new ruk in ruk centers to form and fix the program; Then, as a result, there is an incentive to get out, to go to the motor command impulses, and to realize it. In such a rank, in the most important view, the mechanism of movement is described by the scheme of a reflex arc: a stimulus - a process of central processing (failure of a program) - a reaction.
The first visnovok, before what was the priyishov N. A. Bernstein, glimpsed at the one that could not so be able to come up with some sort of folding rud. Vzagalі, seemingly, even a simple ruh, for example, a colline reflex or throwing hands out into the fire, can be the result of direct motor commands from the center to the periphery. Alle the foldable actions, as they poklikanі virіshiti as zavdannya, to reach the result, so it will not be possible. The main reason for the field is that the result of a folding ruff is not only from the powerfully sensitive signals, but from a whole series of additional officials.
Headquarters: all the stinks bring insight into the plans for the future, they themselves do not come in front of the front line. As a result, the residual meta ruch can be extended, only amendments will be made continuously to the new one, or corrections. And for the central nervous system, the nobility is guilty, as є the share of the flowing rohu is real. In other words, in the central nervous system the guilt is infinitely received and the afferent signals, to avenge information about the real movement of the ruch, and then to be transformed into the signals of the correction.
1.1. The principle of sensory corrections.
N. A. Bernshtein proposes an absolutely new principle of ruch management, such as the name given to the principle of sensory corrections. The factor, like, on the thought of Bernstein, is poured into the show on the go.
Perche, tse reactive force... I looked at the butt: on the butt, if the man was waving his hand strongly, then in the other parts of the body, reactive forces would develop, as to change the position and tone.
In a different way, tse energy efficiency. As soon as Lyudin’s hand quickly, it’s not just for the quiet motor impulses that are sent in the muzzle, but at the moment of collapsing for the energy, that is, the singing energy comes out. NA Bernshtein respecting the manifestation of the inertia of presence in any kind of Russia.
In-tertє, tse callings, Yakі pour on the hіd vikonannya ruhu. Butt: if the rukh is directed at a certain object, then it is visible from the side of the opir. The first order of business is the most frequent to appear unreachable.
Fourth factor, on the thought of N.A. Bernshtein: there is another factor, which does not depend on getting lost when you pick it up, is cob mill m'yaziv. It’s a turn of mind to change at the same time because of a change, and also as a result of a century of other reasons. To that, one and the same motor impulse, reaching the muff, can give a great result.
There is a simple change of factors, which can be infused without a precession on the road. The central nervous system, on Bernstein's thought, there is a need for post-production information about the message to the Russian government. Qia information denied the name signals to the ringing sound. Tsi signals can instantly come from the muses to the brain along the decile channels. It should be guided by the butt: if there is a problem, the information about the border of the parts of the body should come from the proprioceptive receptors. However, in parallel, information comes through the organizer. An analogous picture is spontaneous to navigate at the vison of the new ruins. Lyudina will not accept the information only from receptors, which control the equipment, but through hearing. Moreover, the information that comes along the new canals is guilty of being uzgodzhenaya, and the information about the ruch is becoming ill-humored.
1.2. Scheme of a reflex ring.
The basic scheme of the functioning of the mechanisms in the ruch. Vona Bula was named by Bernstein as a reflex ring scheme. The qia scheme is based on the principles of sensory corrections and further development.
In the simplified viewer, the viewer diagram is as follows: from the motor center (M) to the m'yaz (working the point of the m'yazi), there are the effector commands. From the working point of the communication, send the afferent signals of the ringing ring to the sensory center. At the central nervous system, there is a reprocessing of information, which is needed, i.e., the transcript of the signal in the motor signal is correct, when the signal is sent again to the muzzle. Go to the control process.
 |
Principle vidmіnnіst of the concept motivate the ruins on the basis of the reflex arc and reflex ring.
In tsіy schema reflex arc of the vigladaє as one of її okremikh vipadkіv, if vіdbuvayutsya ruch, but does not require correction, that is, ruh of reflex nature. Piznishe Bernstein detailed the scheme of the reflex ring. In the scheme of the presence of the offensive elements: motor "enter" (effector), sensory "enter" (receptor), work point abo ob'єkt (which is about the subject matter), transcript block, program, regulator, set the attachment, attachment ...
With the manifestation of a large number of elements in the reflex ring, it functions in the following order: in the program, the last stage of the folding ruch is recorded. In the case of the skin, a specific moment is displayed as a private stage, or an element, the type of a private program is launched in to put an attachment. I will set the signal (SW - "those, scho maє buti") to come to the attachment of the ringing. On the same block from the receptor, the ringing signals (IW - "those,") arrive, and the work point is displayed. At the start of the ringing signal, there are signals to break out, and at the outlets, signals of unsuitableness (V / U) are received, as well as the necessary and actual camp of speeches. Let the stench go to the decryption unit, the sounds go to the corroboration signals, which are sent to the effector through the industrial instal- lation (regulator).
In the given scheme, Bernstein's thought needs to be respected for one detail: the receptor doesn’t expect to send signals to the device, if the signal comes at once to put the device on. Tse buvaє in quiet vipadki, if economically staying ruh, nіzh yogo koriguvati. It is especially important in extreme situations.
1.3. Rivni encourage rukhiv.
Krim of a reflexive circle Bernstein is hanging with the idea of an early stimulus to movement.
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In addition, for information, there are ringing signals - there is a stench about the sound of the muzzles, about the position of parts of the sound, about the subject result, etc. go to the small rivnya. From the moment of intelligence literally "balls" in the central nervous system, So there is a visualization of the spinal cord and a large brain, the level of adult centers, the level of measles. Skin ryven is specific, the power of the motor is shown only, the skin rivnu is shown in its class.
рівень А- lowest and phylogenetically found. People are not guilty of an independent meaning, but they are prompted for the most important aspect of being a ruch - tonus of myaz_v. Signals from the muscular proprioceptors arrive at the end of the line, as they appear at the feet of the muscular tissues, as well as information from the organs of the muscular system. Independently tsei rivn regululyu velmi unnumbered ruhu. The main stench is tied with vibrations and tremors. For example, teeth knock in cold weather.
рівень В - rіven synergy. At the same time, signals are reprocessed in the main form of meat-lump receptors, which are related to the position and distribution of parts of the body. A whole line of visions from the vast expanse, even more good "explanations" about those who roam in the "expanse of tila". Rivn In taking on a great lot in organizing rukhs of larger rukhs, and there we take on the task of internal coordination of folding rukh ensembles. Stretching, mimic and t.D.
Rivn S. Tsey Rivn Bernstein calling level of spatial fields... Signals come up to date, hearing, dots, i.e. all information about the new space. That, on the given, there will be a ruch, attached to the spacious powers of the objects - to the їх forms, positon, dozhinі, vazі and ін. Until the ruchs of the given rіvnya, all the displacements of the rukh are accepted.
рівень D - rіven subject dіy. The price of measles is to the brain, which is considered for organizing things. All harmonious activities and manipulation of objects are taken up to the end of the day. Rukhs at this level are represented as actions. They do not fix a ruddy warehouse, but rather a collection of rucks, but tasks without a specific result.
рівень Е- finding rіven - rіven іntelektualnykh rukhovykh acts. To ts'go rіvnya to be admitted: movnі ruku, ruku leaves, ruku symbolic or coded movi. Rukhi tsyogo rіvnya viznachayutsya not substantive, but abstract, verbal zmistom.
Looking at the urge to motivate the rue, Bernstein robs the splinter of even more important ones. First, in the organization of rukhiv they take part, as a rule, at once a little bit of rivniv - the one on which the collapse and all the underlying rivn will be. So, for example, a leaf is a whole folding roc, in which all five rivniv take part. Rivn A will preserve the tone of the musk. Rivn In the top of the rukha smooth roundness and will prevent cursive writing. Рівень С Ззпечує від unlessня geometric shape letters, equal to rostashuvannya rows on the porch. Level D will secure the correct handle voltage. Rivn E visnacha to the side of the sheet. As a matter of fact, Bernstein is trying to make a mistake about those, which are represented only by the people in the world, which will be on the wire, and the robot of the lower level, as a rule, cannot be grasped. In another way, formally, one and the same can be found in different provincial ravines. Rivn induce the collapse to start with a wickedness, for example, a circular collapse, in the wilderness because of that, as and for whom it is visible (the collapse of fingers, ... The given position is superbly tsikavo for us Tim, but it shows the most important meaning of such a psychological category, like a project, or a goal, for organizing and repelling physiological processes. The whole result of Bernstein's thoughts can be seen as a great scientific addition to the physiology of rukhiv.
2. Formation of rukhovih navichok.
2.1. The structure of rukhovikhs.
N. A. Bershtein's concept is based on a number of fundamental principles of modernization. Perche, the principle of exercise. N.A. Bershtein respecting that, at that time, at that time, as a technical attachment to the bagatorazovye vykonaniya, vivi organisms are characterized by a variety of cutaneous offensive vykonaniya of the period in early times. In a different way, I’m talking about the principle of “repetition without repetition”, which is better in something that is skin new, not a copy of the front, but its development. On the thought of N. A. Bershtein, the living collapse of the system is gradually getting satisfied, and this cannot be described in the mechanistic terms "stimulus-response". Thirdly, N. A. Bershtein spoke about those who are new to the skin of the department, like the organism that is visible for the rest of all the obvious reasons for the external and internal furnishings.
The essence of the spinning of the polyagus is at the basis of the principle of the revision of the rukhovoy plant. At the solution of the rukhovoy plant, the decal of the stage.
On the first stage look for a structured structure and a rosy warehouse for a sense (And why don't I really want to grow? How can I give myself up? Butt: a sense structure can be a bazhannya plist, and a rukhovy warehouse is a way of vikonannya tsyogo zadum (krol abo bras).
On another stage to see the detection and development of sensory corrections. One of the significant servant of N. A. Bershtein was those who were seen as the witness "reflex arc", played by Descartes, and went to the witness reflexive... The essence of the transition of the field is that the navigator cannot be stereotypical afterwards, for all this time it is necessary for the whole life to be done with a good mind. I will continue to coordinate information, as our sensory device will be removed in the course of the gutting of the navichka, N.A. Bershtein and having called sensory corrections .
Riznitsya between the designations of the rook warehouse and the "promotion" of sensory corners of the field in that, at the first stage of the study, I will set up, how to look at the ruch, which are stored navik from the position of the spacer. And on the other, see the center of the center. At all stages, the maximum number of repetitions is necessary, so that the skin will not be mechanically renewed, but modified. The robot will be able to navigate here on a relative level. Lyudin will start rozibratis in Russia and come ready to automate her own special repertoire of rukhiv. And maybe it’s new.
Yak writes to N. A. Bershtein: “The secret of mastering the ruch of the field is not in what is special, but in a special kind of vidchutty. You cannot show it, but you can only experience it. "
At the end of the stage, the formation of a new sounding nabuv is the problem of "transferring" the navichka. phenomenon postponed notice Polyagaє in that, when you are happy with a navichkoy vikonannya one zavdannya you can turn the results of the vikonannya іnshoї tasks.
At the third stage the form is viewed as "background layout", tobto automatization of handguns... Formed on the foreground of the sensor correction, they will get the information and fix the visibility automatically. Progressively, more and more parts of the building become practically independent from the viewpoint.
zavdannyam fourth stageє Spratsovuvannya background corrections. All components are integrated in one single piece.
p'yaty stage- the whole stage, on how to see the standardization of the navichka. Navik is afraid to be stable, skin is newer and more similar to the previous one.
I nareshty shosty step the whole stage of stabilization. Navik grows stiff to the point of being overshadowed;
Perevaga of the concept of N. A. Bershtein before the usim described by the interpretations of the new field in the fact that here the navigator is presented as an organizationally organized system. The formation of a procedural memory system includes і caution, і insight, and viroblе reactions. Only taken in all the "elements" of the present day to produce until the successful development of the navigation.
2.2. The nature of the first step and the training.
All the living ontogenetically addicted to the possibilities are called by the term rukhov_ navychki, Processes w їkh navmіsnoї svіdomoіy viroblenya unite in understanding rukhoi trenuvannya... Subsequent gauges are available for the skin and coordination ravines, and the skin navik okremo is often even more foldable, bagator-like structure.
Formation of a rukhovoy navichki є on the cutaneous stage there is an active psychomotor activity. The whole dialectic of the development of Navik Polyaga is in the fact that there, de є branch There, there is a skin tread of a vikonannya krashchiy for the front, that is, I do not repeat it; to the right є repeating sprinkle without repeating. The solution to the paradox is that it is correct to carry out the right to repeat over and over again the wrong way of the transmission of the given work, but the process of the process of solving the task, all the time before the time when you need to make the most of it.
For a skin dermal act, potentially accessible to people, in the central nervous system є an adequate level of inducement, a good realization of the basic sensory correction of the act, of the appearance of the first message of the day. A little more folding ruh, more and more versatile and more responsive to use for the first time sensory corrections. At the connection with the cim in the world of the rotation of the given rudder act in the year of initiation, accept the order of the іnrarchіya рівнів. Seeking out of them for the given act, taking on himself the implementation of the main meaningful corrections, mi mean yak providny rіven for the whole ruhu. Підеглі lower івні, schob to protect the visibility of additional, technical corrections, mi nazyvaєmo background ravny .
Rukhovi foni will become familiar with the term “automatics”, and the process of viroblyajuts itself - by the term “automation of rukhovoy act”. The offense is to explain the very fact that the background components of the rucks are lost beyond the thresholds of svidomosty. As only a group of coordinated corrections is transferred from the provincial level to the background, which is the most adequate for her as a warehouse of such corrections, so it will be automated from the field of information.
On the basis of a short, schematized analysis, we can more clearly understand the physiological path of a new roach navik in ontogenesis.
On the very cob, the development of a new ruch, all of them are taken for new corrections, they will be taken to the new provincial ryvn. The win is to become the best lower-level roots, such as the cob-layer of any kind of ruck, which was violated at the very early stages of ontogenesis, as well as the shortcuts, early in the ready-to-use So, as not one level is not a universal floor, but mothers have sufficient corrections for all sides of a ruin, then every ruin can be copied without a hitch, during a time-consuming process of more The visibility of wikklick automatisms at a great great re-entanglement of witness, which is penetrated into the skin's technical details. In the process trenuvannya to see the actions of the background components, which are redirected by the provincial rivn in that big lower rivn, as a change of mind for the most beautiful display of the same corrections.
In the world of viroblennya in the lower reaches of the background automatisms, there are more and more technical backgrounds in the field of information, and in the same hour, the know-how for oneself is significantly greater. In the beginning of the week with the need for vaping, so that the skin is mixed with the same components of the food from the provincial ryvnya in the background є in a Persian way, more than a little bit of fast-growing streak-like snakes in the process of other things, but also the component fluctuates at the same time.
The process of laying out the background components behind the folds is folding, so that it is necessary to overwhelm the value and appearance of the components.
In the case of dermal dermatitis, there is a blame for the problem: 1 ) Yogo meaning structure і 2) і th rukhovy warehouse... The meaningful structure of the whole vaping from the day of the wine production and the beginning of the provincial ryven inspire, which the price of the project is to be brought "on the shoulder." The rukhovy warehouse is meant to be used by many people, and by those who are in those simple abilities of a person, attached to the cinematic lance of a particular individual, the manifestation of that or even a psychotic know-how, which has been accumulated by many people. , kin-golop, ptah-polot,; the task of scrapping two solid tilings, one to the ringing, the other to the knitting, the third to the gluing, the adhesion, the ringing, etc.; the task of threading a thread into the head of a man and a woman allows you to run straight through the use of other methods.
The essence of the process of automation, which in one trivial hour and on the right, is formed by the central nervous system itself, according to the plan of the layout of the background: at the designated rukh warehouse; Along the way, we will fix it and the very beginning of the process of laying out, we will set it in order.
3.Revnevy pidhid during the analysis of the mechanisms of mental activity.
3.1. Uvaga and activity.
Food about the nature of uvaga prodovzhuzh gostro debate in our days. One of the moments of the discussion is an old alternative: whether it is a respect for an independent process, or else it is a side, an aspect of whether it is a psychic actuality. In foreign cognitive psychology, an alternative is presented by the henchmen of the theory of respect for the special process of blocking, for example, the filtration, information, which does not take care of the robot of a special unit, and the henchmen of that look, the system will respect
In radio psychology, there are also clearly present offenses of the following: "I respect - the directness and efficiency of any kind of efficiency" and "I respect the special power of control". Offense given to realizuyuyut so the titles of dyyalnіsnіy pіdhіd to respect. At the same hour, the stench, yak already meant, to finish the alternative. Another concept of the winner is chronologically evolving and taking revenge in his own criticism of the first. However, in our opinion, it’s good to explain less than the number of facts. Here we will try to clean up the meaning of the first concept - a statement about respect for the aspect of whether it’s acting, having given it, however, I’m starting to formulate it. Destroy the topic of us by sniffing, so the potential of the psychological theory of action and the mind of nature and respect is meaningful to reverse those realizations, as seen on the season.
However, first it is necessary to discuss food about those who also respect. The price of food by stretching out the knowledge of the scientific psychology is growing in knowledge and in knowledge. різні author they gave a little more clarity and one-sidedness until now. In the situation where it turned out to be the most beautiful to turn to the actual side, right and pererahuvati ti signs abo criteria respect, as insane and visnayutsya more than a little bit.
1. The first according to the chronological records, the one according to the day, is guilty of the names phenomenal criterion - clarity and variability zm_st_v svidomost_, scho to be found in the field of respect. For representatives of the psychology of testimony, the criteria are given by the head and the adinim. However, the methodical incomplete principle of the methodical shortage has appeared very quickly - it is difficult to find out about it in interests doslіdzhennya uvagi. It was difficult to tie up not only with the faintly washed steps of sub-active clarity, but also with the transformation of the brightness of clarity in the process of self-guarding. As a result, many psychologists were straightened out to jokes by the more "perceived", objectified criteria. But all the same, unconcerned with the waste of the monopoly camp of the phenomenal criterion, I’m now losing one of the most important and insane in the description of uvaga events.
2. Prior to the objectival to establish criteria, which can be cleverly named "Productive" criteria... It is not the style that characterizes the "process" itself, but rather the stand of respect, but the result. The price - of the amendments, the quality of the product of a "respectable" (perceptual, rosy, motor) product is sometimes reduced as "unimportant". The product has a cognitive character at a high level of perceptual activity: more positively, more positively, etc. At the same time, we can tell you about the quality of the final material result.
3. Offensive criterion - mnemonic, Criterion, how to turn into the memory of the material, how to move in the field of respect. If you want a criterion, you can also be introduced to "productive" effects, especially if you want to see it, but it’s not straight, but a byproduct of a respectable girl (as if it’s just a word, not a special one).
4. Significant reactions - motor , poznotonic, vegetative, how to get the message out and reduce the reception of the signal. They are referred to: turning the head, fixing the eyes, mimicking and posture of the middle, catching the response, vegetative components of the organizational reaction, etc.
5. Nareshty, stayed in order, but not because of importance, vibration criterion, Yakiy on the basis of bi-mediated skin with re-insured criteria: in the intervening of the field of clear evidence from the periphery of the evidence; in the opportunity to actively collect only part of the information, how to come and work just one right; in the memory of only parts of the lost enemies; in the establishment of the organs of the senses and the reaction only on the border of the colossal signals. Perhaps, I’m looking at the designated universality of the criterion, I hope that the last hour is especially important, so the terms “respect” and “selectivity” have become synonyms for our robots.
A look at the problem of respect in the history of experimental psychology shows that it’s not just a psychic phenomenon that has reached the end one-hour long trip- going from the side of the property, from the side of the process and from the side of physiological processes.
The method of complex analysis of the psyche has been successfully developed in the reports of O.M. Leontyev.
In the history of psychology, good things are seen around schools, directly and throughout the era, in which all the good times are in one of the named plans. Such, for example, "one-sided" directly on the psychology of witness and behavioral psychology, as they did it quickly, we learned their explanatory and heuristic possibilities. The "two-sided" schemes turned out to be more promising and more promising. The plans of the property - and physiology based on the work of V. Wundt, and due to the parallelism of Wundt's methodology, directly proved to be very promising, which gave rise to particular summaries of discipline - psychophysiology. Significantly more ideas and diagrams were familiar to us close to us, so that the plan of information - and efficiency, efficiency - and physiology was shared. Smells of vinikli and boules are absolutely rozvineni within the framework of the general science and especially the psychology of the Radiansk period.
O.M. Leontief is a theoretical framework, ale і bulo vikoristano as a heuristic principle in case of concrete psychological development of the problem of svіdomosti. Yakshho at tsyom in okremikh doslidzhennyakh O.M. Leontyev, interconnected by the analysis of the links between two planes - evidence and efficiency, then the whole style of this scientific targeting, it was a long-term hunt for all three named plans. The price has become due to the fact that, as organically as possible, to enter into the categorical apparatus of the psychological theory of action of physiological processes in the capacity of realizators and of capacity; and in that, some of the mice came in their robots in the other ways: performance - and physiological mechanisms; and, nareshti, in the quiet high estimates, which were known from the new robots, the authors, very vividly "deliberate" organization during the preliminaries of physiological processes.
A blisky butt to the type of A.N. Leontyєv vvazhav physiological concept rіvnіv inspire rukhіv N.A. Bernstein. Yak vidomo, N.A. Bernstein to lay down evidence of the fundamental position about those who are involved in the problem, whatever the meaning of the side, which is the sign of the neurological problem, on which it is seen that the problem is. The price of the position in terms of its scientific importance can be correlated with the law about the fallowness of the plan according to the quality of life. Here, in N.A. Bernshtein, as in the established regularity, there is a clue to the direct causal connections: vid zavdannya the act of destruction, from the same, from budov and dyyalnosti, - to neurological structures and physiological processes, and not navpaki. To replace the explanation of mental phenomena and processes through the analysis of physiological mechanisms, as the authoritatively traditional physiological purpose, given the theory showing the need for a revolving move: victorious psychological, spiritual categories for rationalizing physiological processes.
A.N. Leontyev is not only highly priced in the concept of N.A. Bernstein for tse її internal "psychologism"; in a bedroom robot with A.V. Zaporozhets vіn zrobiv also special additions at a doslіdzhenya practical vikorystannya in the therapeutic purposes of the quiet, physical - physiological vidnosin.
3.1. Sleepyattya.
To be late in the story about one bitch, who knew the physiology of the real rudimentary acts, which allow the winnicka ob'ktivnu zdannya, rukhiv rukhiv and artifact character. The whole end of the beatings, until the cich pir did not get a seat in a sufficient world, even strongly improving our knowledge in the region receptor Physiology and at the same time there is a root of important methodological pardons.
In the role of receiving trigger signals, including in the play that one reflex arc - a single role studied by physiologists of the classical directly, receptor system, in high-organisms and in people, the function of the same act. This growth can be learned, if, having become aware of the point of view of biological significance, it will be respected for those qualities, as in that and in the same way it is guilty of the bullets being led by the path of the natural forest.
For the signal-triggering function of the receptor, there is a high sensitivity, i.e., the maximum low thresholds for the absolute strength of the signal, as well as for the development of signals. The first plan for biological significance is here to start telereceptor scent, hearing (also ultrasound) and sound in different rank orders in new species tvarin. For the virostatic, distant, significant signals from the chaotic dust, the "re-code" is required and must be thoroughly analyzed analytic building of reception units of the central nervous system(Totally natural, I. P. Pavlov, in the background of the great world, having lost our knowledge of the signal-triggering function of receptors, having taken the name analyzer, Tilki in the rest of the rocky life with the addition of the prefix "synthesis").
For the whole of the signal-triggering role, the most important mechanism (which transfer is already done by I.M. from the telereceptor. The whole process of activity, the viciousness of the effect in the future analogy with the time, as the rest of the exploitation of the afferentation in the management of the mova dalі.
If a ruddy sensory act is already "running on the go" by the chi with the same sensory signal, it seems that it is presented to the biological doctrine and brought before the formation of the mechanism of sensory correction, Vyavlyayutsya suttєvo інshim. Wouldn't it be that Vinikla Rukhova was the head of the department and that particular object, for which it was direct svogo injected, straightened up to the date of the given zavdannya.
First of all named rice receptors in tsiy її roles - povnost, or synthetics - to take care of the benevolent psycho- and neurophysiologists with sensory cues (or sensory fields). Until the 4th number, for example, a diagram of one's own body, a spacious-rok field, a synthesis of an object-oriented or "yak" (topological) space and an open space is introduced. The role of the cich "fields" in the management of rukhovym acts is described in detail by the author in the book about the induction of rukhov. Here it will be necessary to get rid of the nagadat: 1) in the whole functional area, the syntheticity of the robot's receptor attachments to the figuru is not declarative (like a bullet), but it is really stitched on the cuffs in the normal and pathological areas, the basic fact, and 2) in the synthesis of such skin In order to ensure the procedural control of rukhovoy acts, the structural diagram of the unification between oneself and the activity of young proprio-, tango- and television recep- tors is of its own specificity, obviously and only because of the power of authority. With a lot of elementary information, some of them synthesize devices from peripheral receptors to the central ones, they are very much and miserably, so it’s impossible to separate them in self-guarding. In the described function, take on the fate of all or even all types of receptors (maybe only with a taste of savor), or even in the lowest rank orders. On the first plan, there is a great system of propioreceptors in the university sense. The distance has grown in the sound of all tango and telereceptors, organized on the basis of all the foremost practical information for showing the role of "functional proprioceptors". About the other, only a few other rice purely physiological capacity of robotic receptors in the discussed number of functions - adaptation parameters, thresholds "by comparison", periodicity of functions and other things will be said in other parts.
Another of the named types of primary rice receptors as a participant in the ring coordination process - activity - is very important to the principles of meaning, but it is necessary to make more reports on them.
In these signaling (triggering or galvanic) roles, as one only could be marked during the analysis of reflexes for the circuit of an open arc, and it led to the designation of the entire complex of organs in the central nervous system as a term " signaling system " Because of the afferent function, it is not necessary to deliver online information about it. The reflex system will work correctly, as soon as a start signal - code will be created behind the skin effector - will be fixed. This code, or the cipher, can be absolutely clearer, it is not easy to change the code to the function of the system, as soon as you hit the two named at once.
The name of the first rice is characterized by a robot of the receptor system when it does not carry control and coordination functions in the course of the development of the structure. step here on'active vitality Information є a great change of mind for success and failure to succeed. On the whole, the phylogenesis of the creature's organisms, the natural appearance of an uninvolved mindlessly clouded up the quiet individuals, at which receptors, which served their activity, they worked like a curved mirror. In the course of ontogenesis of the skin, the environment of the individual with the newest light, it is necessary to set a task in front of the individual to solve the problem, even if at a very expensive price, it is carried out in the nervous systems of all the greater Objectives the newest light, both in the understanding and comprehension of the situation before the situation, as well as in the design and control over the implementation of the situation, adequate to the situation. Skin sense of the direction, from one side, needs to be not smart, code, but an active, rather and obviously, visual image of a new light in the brain. From the side, there are the most active leaders of the correct knowledge of the newest light. Successful and unsuccessful development of the skin actively survived through the development of mathematics before the progressive development of mathematics and transformation, showing the development of sensory synthesis and storage, as well as before practice through the process, through the transformation
To re-incarnate any above-threshold agent into a mental triggering agent of that or an organic reflex, it is necessary to ensure that two minds are safe: bydnannya. The first step from the minds is to bring the phenomenon to the cycle Association for Summiness, Yakraz is characterized by baiduzhstyu up to the meaningful change of associational manifestations or receptions. Tsikavo vidnosti, scho for the re-incarnation of an indifferent assistant into a clearing-start-up, just after efector, and not from the afferent part of the insane reflex, how to mobilize in a typical experiment just like zmusiti spratsyuvatie effectively on the way. It should be brought, for example, by the fact that the so-called intellectual reflexes are of a different order, since the indifferent protagonist of the triggers of power for the given reflex is unimportant to those who, however, the effective part of the rest of the reflexes to start in the early days is not insane, but not insane.
Anyone who has been proved can be taught to a person, but in methods that are stagnant when trained, because of an inappropriate response to an "insane" afferent impulse, given that a person needs to be correctly guided Tsya underestimated earlier, a detail of merit for respect in the whole context of the fact that we will clarify the associative connection in the brain. fraudulent process i effector part of the reflex, as we are to be created, it is possible to comprehend only the process of realization of the reflex, to think (again, by the ring of the ringing ring) back into the central nervous system, This could have served as a further confirmation of the fact that the ring-afferent activity as non-precursor participants in the process classic reflexes- "arcs" - not out of sight, but out of sight, out of sight.
Other minds to cover the mental trick, is not meant to be fatal, but the very need for a certain number of repeated times, it’s important to explain at the same time, as it’s necessary for an older person to see a new bombshell. The number of repetitions is guilty enough to ensure that there is a non-drop in the amount of madness in the hour of inter- or proprioception, to realize the reflex itself with the given element of all the extra-receptiveness. In a tsomu sense - an absolutely necessary and sufficient number of repetitions - a cheerleader, indifferent for his meaningful snake, he can appear more importantly and even more vigorously, as he may not be particularly interested in the reaction of the respect. The old naively materialistic concept about the actions of the "second" nobles or synaptic barriers in the central nervous system can be taken into account in the building in the archives of science.
Visnovok.
Visnovka wants to tell about the meaning of the ideas. N. Bernstein for
psychology. Wono great and bagatoplanovo. Uninvolved in the out-of-town physical education, N. A. Bernshtein made a great contribution to a series of changes in psychology. Winning information about the function of the reception, seeing a special function - control and correction (the function of sensitive signals in the ringing bell).
Vin having honored, viciously, the revolution in the field of psychophysiology of the Russian people: the present day before the death of the people is unfortunate without much knowledge and protection of all that, which has been destroyed by Bernstein in the whole area. Especially important for the psychology of the yogi idea about the viral role of the manager in organizing the organization.
It is important to reevaluate N. A. Bernstein's contributions to the problem of formulating information: a new way of looking at the physiological, psychological and pedagogical aspects.
The theory of rules of N. A. Bernshtein for its meanings go beyond the framework of the problem of organizing rukhiv. Evaluate the numerical probes of stating the position of the theory before the processes of taking care, respect, misdirection, etc.
Nareshty, the staff of N. A. Bernstein's robots, psychology rejected the proof of the principle of activity "from below", that is, on the side of physiology.
In a given robot, the psychophysiological basis of the organization of rucks is described (the principle of sensory corrections, the scheme of a reflexive circle, prompting the ruffs). Also, they were shown by the mechanisms of the formulation of the message. Bully saw the main mechanisms of mental activity, such as: take away and respect.
List of literature.
1. Bernstein N.A. Biomechanics and Physiology of Rukhiv: Vibration Psychological Practices / N. A. Bernstein; Pid ed. V.P. Zinchenko. - 3rd ed., Ster. M .: publishing house MPSI Voronezh. 2008.
2. Bernstein N.A. Necessary problems of regulation of rukhovykh acts // Reader in the course "Introduced in psychology" / ed. - comp. E. E. Sokolova. -M., 1999 ..
3 .. Bernstein N.A. Rivni encourage rukhiv.
// Reader in the course "Introduction to psychology" / ed. - comp. E. E. Sokolova. -M., 1999 ..
4. Bernshtein N. A. The nature of navichki and trenuvannya. // Reader in the course "Psychology of memory" / Ed. Sokolovich Yu.B i Romanova V.Ya.M .: CheRo 2000.
5. Bershtein N.A.
6. Guppenreiter Yu.B. Introduced psychology into the bailiff. Course of lectures M .: CheRo, MPSI, Omega-L, 2006.
7. Guppenreiter Yu.B. і Romanov V. Ya. Dіyalnіst і respect. - M .: CheRo, 2000r.
8. Dormash Yu. B, Romanov V. Ya. Psychology of vnimania.Uchebnik-4th ed.-M.: MPSI. 2007.
9. Lyubimov V. V. Psychology of spirits. Pidruchnik M .: Eksim, CheRo, MPSI, 2007.
10. Leontyev A. N. Lectures on psychology M., 2000 p.
11. Nurkova V.V. Zagalna psychology. In 7 volumes: handbook for stud. whish. educational institutions / ed. B.S.Bratusya.- Vol. 3. Memory.- M.: Publishing house. Center "Academy", 2006.
12. Sokolova EE Zagalna psychology: in 7 volumes Pid ed. B.S.Bratusya. Volume 1. Introduction to psychology: handler for students. whish. navch. pledged. - 3rd ed., ster. - m.: Vidavnitsvo. Center "Academy", 2008.
Significant contributions to the rational formulation of rukhovykh tips in the process of creation were made by the theoretical advice of N.A. Bernstein. Win dov: before the flowing ruddy body, the body is afraid to be stronger, vitriolic, spritish, right. Tse the power of organism was called exercise. The repetition of the rukhovyh has the right to be necessary in order to once again, once again, once again, once more, once more, once more, once more, once more, once again, once again, the task is set to the rukhovy and by ourselves the best way to achieve it. The repeated revision of the whole establishment requires that, in the natural minds of the new furnishings, they are not exactly the same, so the very process of the revival of the managerial establishment does not repeat itself in the same way. Be-like a repetition of the ruch, on the thought of N.A. Bernstein, "є repetition without repetition." Children need to gain knowledge of the versatile views of the building, placed in front of him, and the most popular rationale, and, for everything, in all the versatility of health, to quietly fight for the additional sensory given to the ruch... The price is necessary in order to become preoccupied with changing the situation to the insignificant and knowledge about the situation itself.
In becoming a rukhova, I have a role in the development of the nervous system. To wiggle the roach to the right, the brain will need to be driven by the borg to the right.
Through the grandeur of the surplus of steps of freedom, the child's ruffs no longer impulses to the muffs, as if the stench didn’t boil, it’s impossible for us to protect the right ruku for the sake of it. The change of minds can only be seen when the mechanism of sensory correction is enabled. It’s possible to viprobate all the perceptions, which form the basis of the pre-sentient ruku, and to prepare the basis for sensory correction, it is necessary to repeat the rukhova performance.
Pobudova navichki - tse smilove lantsyugove diyu, in which you can not miss the city of Lanka. The formation of the rocket gear is based on the control of the nervous system and is represented in the new bagger control system of the rocket engine. Whether it is a rude act can be motivated only by the head of the brain. In total there are five rivnivs: "A", "B", "C", "D", "E". Kozhen z rіvnіv maє vlasnu service staff brigade of bodies pochuttіv (efferents).
rіven first-"A": "V in tone"... Riven "A" is the best and the lowest. The power of the cutaneous ryvnya is tied to the singular form of the nervous system. For the ryvnya "A" - the whole part of the spinal cord, the lower ends of the corns, and all the nerves of the center - the nucleus. Riven "A" regulates muscular tone (readiness of muscular and nerves, so that they receive and efficiently receive a command-impulse from the center), which is important for formulating the tone of the body. At the same time, there is a tremor of trembling rucks - tremulousness from the cold, or at an increased temperature; the nerves of the tremor from the hvilyuvannya or the start of the rapt sound, changing the light, etc.
Riven "A" keru to encourage and do good things: vibrating-rhythmic actions (for example, obmakhuvannya vіyalom); Accept and improve the singing position, and also put a child. When the harness is placed, the head is lifted, the body is straightened, and the head is lifted. The regulation of the plastic muscle tone, which is equal to "A", is abundant in what lies in the general-tonic reflex (the position of the head and the head).
rіven other-"V": ruhu - stamp. Price for sp_vdruzhn_kh rukh_v and standard stamps. Vin is even more important, as a keru with a "locomotive" mechanism, we equip the choirma with kintzivka-rushii. Anatomically, the level "B" will be provided with the largest pidkirkovy nuclei. Tsei rivn reworked and put into the brain information about the size of the hillocks, about the speed of the change in the hillocks, because of the force of that tight grip on the muffs and glib fabrics of the tulub patterns.
Riven "B" will ensure the accuracy of the process. Rhythmic, scho goydaє rukh, on the butt of ruff hands when walking, exactly repeating in front, as a result, like bi-stamping of the same kind. To that, the “B” rivn is called the rivne of stamps, the exact repetitions on the whole rivni ruch.
Riven "B" is a designation of three essential qualities, necessary to induce rukhov:
1) getting into the robot of dozens of languages, so that it’s good to go;
2) the building of the string and it is necessary to lead the roach in the hour;
3) it’s vaping from the front - the building is not only for an hour, but for a little bit before the carb-like repetition.
People need to "stamp" the ruch, because all the majestic wealth of myazovyh diy will come in a chaotic, chaotic camp. Rukha-cliches are necessary to ensure that the stench comes without the participation of witness, by ourselves, the brains of the brain system for intelligent performance.
Riven "B" is independent keru, not tied with a large space. I’ll dismiss in the main vidomosti about the child of his mighty body: tse mimovilne rukh stretching to sleep, rukhovi manifest emotsion, including grimaces on the face (by the way of guilt, the shoulders of the corps, hands, faces tila, sickly rhythmic rucks, including those who are dancing.
Oscillations of the "B" not tying with the vestibular system (with the organs of the erythrocyte, the cerebral) and little tingling with a quick sense of smell, I am ready to take care of all the internal, "chornovu" in the formation of a folding ruff, ... Win nibi lead the internal coordination preparation of walking, big, make out all the events of many spy friends: the little ones are ready to walk, the basis of the hands and nig, without any smoothness in any future flat A little to be afraid of the price in an abstract look, a pose of a concrete situation, if we want to walk and see how we go, on the surface, when there is a transition, on irregularities, gatherings, turns, etc. protect the inaccessible level "B". Їх vmi when walking and down the onset rіven - rіven "C".
rіven third-"S": lyudina and space... Tsey Rivn N.A. Bernstein called the rіvnem of an open field and vvvazvav one of the most promising rukhi. At the top of the line "C" there are a number of important indications.
In a word, the dressing from the ringing light. Nightisnish in mutual relations with him - the best quality of the rivnya "S".
In other words, the level "C" is still working and telereceptors, and in the first place, as it is infinitely wider and wider and more likely to go into the body of information.
The third feature of the spacious field is its non-movability. The breeders of the cleverly reworked information, in which one sees the past days (and the little one is already in the colossus), the child spryman is the unhappiness of the new light. Rukhs, so zd_ysnyuyutsya on the basis of the standard "C", not to take revenge on the elements of repetition, but for cherguvannya.
Still one more important is the power of the spacious field є that is metric and geometric. A retinal assessment of the appearance, size and shape of objects in the form of the most important qualities of such children, such as the presence, accuracy, without which inaccurate ones could not be reached.
Zavdyaki tsim yakostiam rivn "S" keru especially important rukhs of human body. Tsі ruhi zavzhdi "lead zvіdkis, go for chogos". Stink “carry, squeeze, pull, take, tear, throw. Smell the ear and the end, the attack and the reaching, the swing and the kidoks ", so that the ruin of the ryvnya may have a displaceable character and it is obligatory to stick to the open space, in what kind of stench they penetrate. The price is one of the most important for the ruins, which is called “spacious”.
ON. Bernstein is unique, but in front of the front "B" (to lie lower) I construct walking - even a folding act of ruff, in which dozens of muses and zenuvan take part. Ale tsya walking feels abstract, like bi "vistavkovim", the layout, with which you can learn and find mercy. But for a little more walking, I’ll only become aware of the fact that the "C" rivn is turned on in this state of affairs. Todi leg, which crock on the ground, "vrahun" and adhere to all the irregularities and folds of the road, the optimal result is the crock and the frequency of crashes, which will be the most economical for the walker. As soon as you walk along the gatherings, then the foot will step on the park or the middle of the gathering, and if you want it, the crocus will stick right up to the place where there are two gatherings. If the gatherings appear to be nervous, chipped, then the leg "try" to get around the price of the nerves or stick to them with the best cricket for a crooked people.
Rivnya "C" is characterized by the possibility of variyuvati diya without shkodi for the accuracy of ruku. At the same time, it is easy to reach the final result. For the whole rіvnya it is also characteristic of the variability and interchangeability of the rok components, as well as switching the roach from one organ to the one (so, having screwed the writing with the right hand, the child, if necessary, to carry the rope and on the left hand).
At the same time, there can be a shift in and out of clothes: a child can walk, penetrate, propose, get a ride on one or two legs to the outfitted object.
Rivne "C" is dominated by one more important quality: the building before the modification of the rucks, so that the child's joke of new nobles and possibilities in the building of not knowing things. The price is not indispensable in the process of creation, in the process of establishing a new roach navigation, a new window.
How do you stand on your own? The number of these surfaces is great, but it is not a matter of overwhelming. ON. Bernstein has seen only the main groups; rukhiv:
1) moving, oversupply of all the space in the open space - walking, big, climbing, climbing, swimming, walking on a tightrope, on licks, on kovzans, riding a bike, paddling, striking uphill, in dozhin, in clay, dzhigituvannya;
2) "non-motorized" oversupply of the whole body in the open space - right on the gymnastic apparatus, acrobatics;
3) ruku - manіpuluvannya with spaciousness - surrounding parts of the body, most of the hands: dots, how to use tin;
4) relocation of speeches in the open space - catching, catching a crumbling object, shifting it, transferring it, winding it up, going heavy, etc .;
5) all balistic ruhu - methane, grasses in tenis and towns;
6) the collision of the goal - the installer-vicarious collar of the goalkeeper in football and hockey;
7) nas_duvalny and copying of the ruch - zmalyuvannya, the image of the object, or even with gestures, that is the imaginative pantomim.
Riven "S" grau plays an important role in sports, acrobatic types of rukhiv. The new one has few working people, as they can do it. The works of the diy are published on the most high levels "D" and "E". In such a rank, the rіven "C" is the price of Lanka with the steps, the rucks and this spaciousness, in which life and the child’s life.
rіven quarters-"D": regulating diy, which are attached to people. Tsі dії the region of the great cerebral infusions will be taken care of.
The folding of the "D" flooring is great, but the knowledge about the new flooring is small, until the present hour all the functions of the floor do not seem to be possible. In the case of the vikonanny rukhiv rivnya "D" is the meaningful side of the subject.
Organism is sensitive (zir, dotik, etc.) to recognize and transmit to the brain all the views about the subject and add value, which itself and in what sense is possible and necessary to work with the subject. It is important to evaluate the "D" not to assess the size, size, color, but the topology - the diagram, which will explain the definition; description of parts of the subject.
The principle of topology is not only applied to the objects themselves, but to the point, so that one goes to the level “D”. Їх zdіysnennya see for a single scheme (znyati, tie up, etc., although vikonannya tsikh dіy transmissionє without lіch methods). evil; it is not only the sharpness of the skin elements that is important, ale singing hour, Scho vitrahatsya on the okremu operats_yu. Dobutiy with such a rank lantsyugovaya process і will not give the words to the diyu, for example: put on і wear a coat, make a lick; ointment and the like
Rivn "D" itself will not just change the subject, but the meaning of the change of action, as much as possible close to this model of the "bastard maybut", like a child, like a little thought in front of the skin.
The dichotomy of all the rіvnya is a high automatism, so that it stinks without active control of the visibility, well, obviously, it might be deprived of the bagatorazovyh right and trenuvan.
It is important that the specialty of the whole family is tied to the difference in the actions of the right and left hands. At all times already pererakhovannyh early, rіvnyakh tsya growth was practically uncomfortable. First step: walking, and when an object is flooded, offended hands, do the same, and either hand can easily replace the right.
I only in the rіvnі smyslovykh dіy ("D") tsya znitsya stє viral: the sheet is written with the right hand, the spoon is pulled into the mouth with the right hand. If you read the robot with your left hand, you can, even more or less, not just, and not too quickly (for people-livshi - navpaki).
Now, the main groups are overwhelmed, as they start with such a high level:
The first group is united with a small number of automatic actions: obmatsuvannya, tweaking and vibrating an object, be it the words of a child;
Another group is to take revenge on the children, meaning "S", meaning the children, which are seen in the open; дії for the participation of Rivnya "V"; right in the spacing of the hands;
The third group is a single group of all the previous groups for the entire leaf and tongue - lip and tongue.
Nareshty revaluation rivnya "D" is manifested during the Russian hour of massage and self-massage. In such a rank, there are no such comprehended diy, which would not have cheruvav rivn "D".
rіven p'yatiy-"E", There is a shrine in front of the front, which opens the motive for the act of rudder and this is basically the meaning of the word. It is enough to produce the result of the ruch at the conclusion of the world, of the model itself, like a child having opened her thoughts before the cob of her own action. Tsei rivn crim move and leaves keru with the greatest arsenal of choreographic, impromptu and impromptu acts, vivchennya and description of those that are not open until the end, but the region is completed. The cleverness of the baggage regulation system allows not to deprive the child of the form, but to the coriguvati of the coffins, the deterioration and discomfiture of the brain, which leads to the date of the newest recovery of the child's health.
However, management of rukhs is rarely represented by yakimos rivne. Most often in a rukhovoy, 3-4 rivnya will take part.
In the end bag, the theory of rivniv motivate and ruhiv can be represented by the offensive rank:
· Riven "A" - the lowest and phylogenetically even more important;
· "B" - the level of synergy (zayvyh rukhiv). At the new one, signals from the meat-swelling receptors are pereroblyayutsya, as they change about the position and part of the body. Win take part in organizing rukhiv bilsh viskogo rivnya: Mimika, stretching, rhythm, etc .;
· "C" - the level of a spacious field. Winning for the mobility of the ruch: walking, big, climbing, etc .;
· "D" - the level of subject matters. Cerebral-cortical rhyven, which is dependent on organizing objects; being a monopoly human rivne, wine imagines styles of ruku, skilki of dei;
· "E" - the level of intellectual rukhovykh actions.
Kozhen rukh ditini - pert. It does not carry in itself the realization of new and new potential rudimentary possibilities, which are imagined at the same time from these and new rivn of predisposing reactions. "Dialectics of development of navik once and for a pole in the fact that there, de є development, there, it means, dearly advances, scribbling behind the front, so that I do not repeat it ...".
Zvidsy viplya practical setting of food: "Yak read the children to the correct ruh, why should the method of bagatoraz repetition be right here unacceptable?" The view on the food chain is known in the writings of N.A. Bernshtein, who respected, the essence of re-filling with navichnaya polyagaє is not in "repeated and not in a second ruk," but in a well-worn, sophisticated system and inspire ruffs. "Correctly carried out the right to repeat once and again not to start, but to pick up for the transmission of the given rukhovoy enterprise, but the process of passing through the tasks, every once in a while before changing and painting."
On the formation of a nasty navik, there is a significant flow of nature's thoughts and views of children in a wide range of activities, in organized forms of activity. At the same time, the visit to the ruk is not the same, so the process itself is the process of the creation of rukhovyh buildings. In a rational and functional way, the neuropsychic camp of the child at the skin moment is seen to the ruch.
Formation of a rukhovoy navichka є the process of establishing a dynamical stereotype with the interaction of the first and other signal systems with the intertwining meanings of other signal nervous systems.
The osvita of rukhovykh navichok at the child is of great significance. Smell give you the opportunity to visit your rucks with the least vitratic energy and the greatest effect, to make your healthier healthier.
Theory of rivniv encourage ruhiv.
Specially for the sake of feeding the great material N.A. Bernstein came out on the offensive. It is also because of the fact that information is the essence of a ringing signal: there is a stench about the feet of the sound, about the general position of parts of the sound, about the speed, or about the speeding up of the ruck, the work point, about the spacious object and the result in the middle of the sensitive center of the brain, and as a matter of fact, switch to the motor way on the new ravines. Moreover, from the lines of intelligence literally morphological "shari" in the central nervous system. So there was a visualization of the spinal cord and a large brain, the level of pediatric centers, and of measles.
We are treating lichen for short characteristics of skin lesions, visions of N.A. Bernstein, and illustrated on the butts.
You need to tell me that the skin is very specific, the power of the motor is shown only; skin ravine is rendered into the class of rukhiv.
рівень А- lowest and phylogenetically found. People have no wines of their own, but I am dependent on an even more important aspect of being a ruch - the tone of the muscles. We take care of the fate in organizing whether it’s spirally from the ryvnya.
True, there are innumerable rucks, which are regulated evenly, and independently: there is a mimic tremor, teeth grinding against cold and fear, quick picks (7-8 Hz) in the piano grill, three-point position of the finger, screeching
Signals from the muscular proprioceptors arrive at the end of the line, as they appear at the feet of the muscular tissues, as well as from the organs of the muscular system.
рівень B... Bernstein calls it synergy. At the same time, the main signals are transformed into the main signals from the myazo-lump receptors, which are related to the position and distribution of parts of the body. Cei rivn, in such a rank, seeing out of the vast expanse, and then even more good "knowledge" about those who roam "in the open space".
Rivn B takes a great part in organizing rukhs of larger rukhs, and there he takes on the task of internal coordination of folding rukh ensembles. To the power of rukhiv ts'go rіvnya such, as do not vimagayut the oblast of the vast expanse: vіlna gymnastics; stretching, mіmіka and ін.
рівень C... Bernstein called it a rіvnem of a spacious field. Signals come to us from the vision, hearing, dots, so that all the information about the vast expanse. This will be a ruch on a new one, attached to the spacious powers of the objects - to the їх forms, positon, dovzhini, vazі and ін. Among them are all the mobility of the ruch: walking, lazinnya, big, stribki, acrobatic ruch; right on gymnastic apparatus; the hands of pianist chi drukarki; balistic ruhu - methane grenades, ball drops, gras in tenis and towns; to the hands of pritsіlyuvannya - gras on billiards, aiming of a guardian trumpet, shooting from guints; kicks for the goal
рівень D names rіvnem subject dіy. It’s a corky rhivn, which is responsible for organizing things. It is practical to monopolize people. Until now, all harmonious activities, manipulation with objects and іn. With butts you can serve the ruff of a juggler, swordsman; all bypassed ruchs: cord cherevik, knotted crawlers, cleaning cartoons; a robot engraver, hirurg, godinnikar; carriage by car, etc.
The peculiarity of rukhiv ts'i rivnya polyaga is characteristic of the fact that the stench lingers behind the logic of the subject. It’s not the same style as the ruch, but not the style; in them, it’s not about fixing the rukhovy warehouse, but the “vyzerunok” to the ruch, but the tasks are deprived of the kintsevii subject result... For the whole rіvnya, the baiduzhiy way of vikonannya dії, a set of rukhovykh operatsіy. So, it was with the help of this rіvnya N. Paganіnі mіg grati on one string, if the nіe burst іnshі. Bigger extensions of the butt-butt - different ways of showing the dance: you can go to the aid of a corkscrew, a knife, vibrate the cork with a blow to the bottom, screw it in the middle, etc. All types of specific products will have different results, but the result will be of the same kind. The first in the whole sense of the robot is equal to the D even go with the following: "Not kim, then a club."
Nareshty, staying, finding - рівень Е... The price of intellectual rukhovykh acts, in the first round of rukhiv rukhiv, rukhiv leaves, as well as symbolic ruk, or coded, movi - gestures of deafening, Morse code and in. Rukhu tsyogo rіvnya viznachayutsya not substantive, but abstract, verbal zmіstom.
now I'm sick two important respectful functions.
perche: in the organization of folding rukhiv they take part, as a rule, at once a spike of rivniv - the one that will be the dane ruh (win is called provincial), and all the underlying ravn.
For example, a leaf is a whole foldable rud, in which all five rivniv take part. Prostozhno їkh, collapse from bottom to top.
рівень А I will preserve the tone of the hand and fingers beforehand.
рівень B the leaves are smoothly rounded, and cursive writing is unbeatable. As soon as you put the handle on the left hand, then the roundness and smoothness of the sleeves: on the right, when the stage B appears to be fixed "stamps" handwriting is saved and in liviy rutsi, so the stench lays in all, more high rivniv). In this way, it is possible to use viocremitic additions of B.
рівень D I will take care of the volodinnya with a hand, nareshty, рівень Е- to the side of the sheet.
The development of the provisions for the sleeping function of the family, N.A. Bernstein come before the offensive important rule: At the sight of the people there are only those components of the ruch, which will be on the provincial ryvn; robot lower, or "background", rіvnіv, as a rule, can not be grasped.
If there is a sub'єkt vikladaє on the porch of your thought, then I will understand the change of the leaf: let us know, on what will be this graphical ruch, in the whole vipad є the line of E. You should try to specialize in a number of handwriting, in the form of letters, and so on. then everything in this property is practically not present
Another respect:formally, one and the same can be found in different provincial ravines.
I will design with such a butt, which will appear in N.A. Bernstein. Vizmemo circular movement of the hand; you can get it on рівні А: For example, when the piano is drawn, the hand and the folds of the fingers describe the small circles of the trajectory. A round rok can be spent on рівні B For example, having included it in the quality of the element in the gymnastics.
on рівні С there will be a circular roc when you trace the contour of the given stake. At the level of subject дії D a circular movement can be found in the presence of a university. Nareshty, on рівні Е Also, it’s easy to organize, for example, when the lecturer shows a circle on the screen. The lecturer does not, like dbav bi vchitel malyuvannya, about those that the circle of the bullet is metrically correct, for the new completion of the message scheme.
And now the food is won: why is it that the fact is to induce the ruk on that chi іnshomu rіvnі? I will show you even more important visnovok N.A. Bernshtein, who gave a vision: Providniy Riven induce the ruku to start as a zmist, or zavdannyam, rukh.
Yaskrava іlustratsіya іs thе position tο take revenge іn thіѕ A.N. Leontyovaі A.V. Zaporozhets... Pracyuchi in the rock of the Great Vіtchiznyanoї vіyni over the renewal of the arms of the wounded warriors, a miraculous fact came to light.
For the period of the injured, a test was carried out to determine if the function of the hand was changed. For the whole youmu the zavdannya was given to "lift the hand of the yakomog vishche". Vykonuyuchi її, wіn pіnіmav hand only to the singing boundary - the range of rukhіv buv is strongly enclosed. Aleksandr zmіnyuvalasya: the sick person was asked to "lift his hand before the designated view on the wall" and appeared, as it was in the snake to lift his hand 10-15 cm away. Nareshty, I know the zeal: the droplets of the droplets have disappeared - and the hand is dying!
Who's on the right? On the right, in the one where all the pererakhovannykh vypadnykh rukh was on the small ryvnya: the first rukh ("yakomoga vishche") - in the coordinates tila, tobto on Rivni B; friend ("to the mark") - at rіvnі C, Tobto in the coordinates of the vast expanse; nareshty, tretu ("know the drops") - on Rivni D... There was a change of ryvniv in the fact that the ruch had added new characteristics, the growth was growing with a mustache with a greater amplitude.
Rivni encourage rukhiv. Sensory corrections and two cycles of interaction as the principle of self-regulation of the rukhovoy system in the norm and pathology. Theory of vikhovannya navik. Classification of rukhovyh dislocations in cerebral palsy due to the familiarity of the defective level of coordination.
Rukh is a virtue, in power to all living things, whether there is a flow of bloodlines in the roslin, blood cells in the court's channel, the relocation of creatures and people in the open space and socially amalgamating the life of the individual.
The formation of the collapse, the thoroughness of its qualities, such as speed, accuracy, smoothness, etc., The essence of the process, which is ordered to follow the universal laws of prompting the collapse. It is based on a thorough coordination (spilny - from the Latin Ordinatio - ordering, interconnection, given in the opinion.
Law and motivate the rulers for the first time by our spyvitchiznik N. A. Bernshtein in the forties - fifties. Encyclopedia of the story: "Bernstein Mikola Oleksandrovich (1896-1966) - neuro- and psychophysiology, creator of the physiology of activity. theoretical basis modern biomechanics, the actions of these ideas have outstripped a number of cybernetics. "
Bernstein's principles were later deciphered and concretized without precedent (Anokhin P.K., Gurfinkeli V.S., 1960, і ін.).
Rukh people may in their development a cob, period, if it is like a ruch (speed, accuracy and in.) Reach perfection, and innovation - extinguish, waste of cich yokes.
A certain principle in the form of locomotion, springtime, walking (locomotion - in Latin Lokus - mice and motio - ruch. etc.).
We were all spared, as unprotected, inaccurate children of 1 - 1.5 years grow in their own way in miles and graceful up to 3 - 5 rocks.
Vіtsі pubertal hormonal, stupefied knowingly to frighten the rue not robbed, sharp, not robbed. Until the elders are concerned with the mechanisms of management, and the ruds grow meticulous, uncomfortable. Litnya lyudin dovgo tuptsyuє in front of the team, as you go down from the side of the bus, step over the rope, as if you are close to the open space. Saving the stiffness while walking is all the more important, and the old man is very fast moving the portable period of the crocus, because the support on one leg at the same moment carries the risik at the expense of the stiffness - the course of the crowd.
At the same time, a great inflow of emotions on the little ones of ruffs: walking full of drowning and reversal is impossible, wanting to be stored from the same structural elements. The ruffs of the ballerinas, the mime - tse bezmovne viraz all the gami we feel from the tragedy to the triumph, we deafen the ruck of hands and denounce the mova. With ruffs, you can depict a living swan and wind it frosty and visihaє sire.
Also, the thoroughness of the ruins will not be slowed down. Nemovlya is not the least of the characteristics of the ruhiv father and mother. I know to go through the whole path of development of rukhiv - from the most common to highly coordinated and socially significant projects. Yakiy tsei shlyakh, as a result of dressing with the development of structures in the brain and peripheral mechanisms, as the rank of development of a navichka, in order to clarify the qualities of the ruch - on the basis of nutrition, the theory of prompting the ruchs by Bernstein, the proponies. The won includes a spike of the main provisions:
the first place is about the unity of onto- and phylogenesis of rukhiv; the other position is about the step development of the rucks, about the level of prompting the rugs in the central nervous system;
the third position - about reflex rings and sensory corrections;
the fourth position - about two cycles of interaction; the fifth position - about the development of navichki.
Submitting reports on the cutaneous postulates.
Rukh is power, a place for all creaturely light. In the kintsevoy bag - the whole struggle for life. To lay down the ruck from the goodness - "you get to know something about it", so that it becomes a matter of day for the law about natural goodness: he is the strongest, but he is very strong, clean, spirited, wicked, able to react D. That is so folding, bagatorazovo duplicated on all stages of the development of the structure of the brain, so it is ruined, so trivial and the retreat process is to understand the mechanisms of coordination and that in case of local lesions of the brain with trauma or ailments zovsim. Nature is not involved in the whole process of the winter season in its large early days.
Formation of people, locomotion, including, in ontogeny repeat phylogenesis (ontogenesis - as a Greek. Ontos - being genesis - walking. In biology, ontogenesis is a process of indigenous development, phylogenesis (as a tribe of Greek, Phylon) development of organisms - species, classes, etc.).
In phylogenesis, the process of control, coordination of the burp with its own ear in single-line organisms, de a signal about the closeness of the viewport to be transmitted by a contact path, which is chemotaxis (as a Greek). In biology, chemotaxis is a group of the most simple organisms for the greater concentration of chemotaxis. Look at the development of young people in an unprecedented proximity to the child. The onset of the evolutionary stage is large-scale organisms. The mechanism of coordinating the functions of the various systems and accelerating. On the whole stage of development of the regulation of the skin cells, in the small space of the products of their living, occasionally information about themselves in all systems. The whole humoral way of management, structurally and functionally more differentiations. A remembrance of the stage in the Evolution was the emergence of pre-gas forms of living objects. The emergence of the central sign of the progress of the Evolution, Comrade K. Dovgast, the form of a speedy front is not safe for the creature. A lot of problems in management, so K. Chastini tila, are known to be behind the head - head - child, guilty of being stolen and hearing, guilty, but they are ready to see more foldable mankind, this family. diyakh. For the vikonannya rukhovyh to the plan of the evolution, a distance way of receiving the object is a receptor device (in Latin Receptor - accept, receptio - accept). At the biological receptor - the end of the sensitive nerve fibers or the specialization of the nerve cells - the eyes, the internal mind, etc., system. Telereceptors (in Greek. She - in the distance, far away) - a receptor that can receive signals at the building, - the mechanism of the sound, hearing, etc. Possibility to create a videotap or not be safe, to go to the end of the project - to protect yourself from harm or to opanuvaty victim. It’s going to speed up, and at the same time to speed up the critical and vikonavchy aparati - there is a middle center of management - the brain, the support-arm apparatus is to be found. N.A. Bernstein writes that the appearance of a transversely swarthy muzzle in phylogenesis has become a mystery of the Evolution. The trick of nature has little of its own, both positive and negative (in the sense of management) inheritance. Positively, the increase in power capabilities, the improvement of folding rukhovy buildings, quick reactions, stability of positions, vitality during trivial robots.
It became possible not only for the body oversaturation, but for oversupply for the help of pictures - walking, flying, swimming, etc. The structure of the music cardinally changes. It’s also called transverse swarthy, but it’s stacked up from one thing, structural elements, visible microscopically like red and bile transverse swarthy.
The structure is summarized by the function. M'yaz from the point of view of management is based on the principle of "everything else". In the minds of the mind, the addition of zusill, adequately unconnected rudder tasks (in fact, coordination), it is important, and the nature of the fibrous buds, it is necessary to include in the robot not all fibers, but it is necessary in the given moment to damp them, є completely woven prodigy (bili smusy mіzh chervony), so as to ensure the smoothness of the ruch. For the function of such a connection, a rigid support system is required - a skeleton. The skeleton of the vicon is not only rukhov, but th I'll write down the function(The shell of a tortoise, a skull, like a vegetable garden from the bottom to the tissue of the brain). The skeleton is guilty of being harsh, ale and at once more crumbled, hearing, that is. There is a need for ruhomichny and little-ruffled members, so that there are several steps of freedom for the skin lobe.
The step of freedom in biomechanics is the ability to create a singing direction. For a block-like form of a slope, two steps of freedom are possible (for example, for a colline slope, it can be done).
At the same time, you are getting comfortable with essential mechanisms. The central nervous system grows more and more foldable, and the structure of the brain becomes more differentiated. The process of development of cerebral keruyuch structures is not senseless, but not chaotic, but in accordance with absolutely singular laws. In the majestic, bagatomilyonny light, the brain vibrates in the singing afterward and in the strictly singing hour between the boundaries of its own formulation of the hierarchy - the ordering of the lower cerebral structures to be seen. Iєrarchia (from Greek. Hieros - sacred, ogsIё - vlada) - rostashuvannya of parts or elements of the whole in order from all to the bottom. The theory of organizing functions has the principle of management.
We move on to deciphering another proposition of Bernstein's theory, and even to the understanding of the rivniv encourage the rooks in onto- and phylogenesis. Earlier, it was briefly described in detail the mechanisms of the keruyuch and vikonavchy apparatus. From the basis of biotechnical and neurophysiological indicators of children, sprouts of locomotions, Bernstein to rob the visnovok, which differentiates the range of food and people є a product of detailed organisms of management of low
Table I
Phylo- and ontogeny of regulation of rukhiv (according to N.A. Bernstein)
them systems by the way of the root of the structures, called їм rіvnyi inspire rukhіv.
To decipher the whole position of the wine, enter the term of the localization function. Localization (in Latin Lokus, lokalis - mice, miceviy), according to Bernstein's designation, is a complex of structures in the brain, indicative of the singing class of rukhiv. Klas rukhiv - tse rukh, as the power of creation on the singing stage of the rukh's development. (The distance from the rest of the understanding will be characterized more broadly.) on the function and rosetting of the blocks of the radio control panels, if there is no need to have a handbook around the whole part, in one and the same place, as dictating the topographic anatomy. Moreover, the ripening of the structures to the brain, which can enter into the understanding of localization, can be stretched out in hours, if some elements are already ready to function, and they are in the stage of formation. Tsim, Mabut, you can explain the majestic folding of the singing rucks, if I can’t get into the development of one of the localization elements at the moment when I don’t feel like a ruck - be it at the piano, I don’t care for the self-service cars. To that very training in sports, or to start a mystery, I dance and play on musical instruments to do a lot of work in a singing session. Tsim can explain the foldability, the magnificent rosette, the more straightforward regularity of the pathology of the position and walking in cerebral palsy.
Retrieval of the understanding of the topic and localization of the butt, if the brain of the ailment is affected, if the brain of the ailment is damaged, it’s easy to wear a hat if you don’t want to take a hat.
Out of the blue, Bernstein propounded a scheme to induce rukhiv or even coordination in phylo- and ontogeny.
The skin level of coordination includes the afferent system, the center and the eferent system. (Afferents - from lat. Afferens - to bring, efferents - from Latin. Efferens - to wine.) In biology, apparently, - to transfer the nerve impulse to the center or from the center to the working organ.
We were selected in Bernstein's table of views about the scheme to induce the movement or coordination (Table I).
In the scheme for the cutaneous level of coordination of meanings, the morphological substrate of the central nervous system, in the form of residual formation, the afferent system, the class of ruptures, which is organized through the coordination, and specific elements of the control of the position of people to the locomotion
Equivalent coordination of the pre-motor period: rubrospinal, thalamo-pallidary. It’s straightforward, it’s possible to store it in two different ways - both straightforward and paramount.
Let us go through the same regulation of the rucks, since the locomotion has already been formed: the temporal-premotor (the stage of subject matter and meaning) and a group of other cortical equipments, so that I don’t forget to write a letter.
Rubrospinal rivn - found - paleokinetic (from the Greek Palaios - ancient, kinesis - rukh) - the level of coordination of rukh.
The name of this includes the Latin meaning of the nucleus of the heart of the brain (nucleus - the nucleus, rubrum - the red) and the nuclei of the spinal cord (from Latin Spina - the ridge, in the anatomy - the spinal - the spinal cord).
The morphological substrate of the vestibular apparatus, receptor of the vestibular apparatus, the receptor of the skin, the tendon, the muscle of the lobules, the receptor of the transverse reflexes of the paired children and the interlimb organs: sudoriferous, sechovial, defecation.
Winning the development of the intrauterine. Klas rukhiv, who will take care of a whole lot of coordination, to build up with ruffles of a floating nature - so much as fast, without interruption or rapt to go into unruffiness, ruck, in some banks, the fate may be more than 100% musculature. Їх character of nagaduє ruhu rib.
Talamo-pallidary rivn is a whole mechanism of regulation of rucks, ready to function before the people. The name of this is amalgamated with Latin terms: talamus - a healthy hillock, in anatomy it is the main part of the brain, the cerebral center, which directs the impulses of all types of sensitivity - temperature, large and so on. Pallidum (Latin Globus pallidum - blidy kulu) in humans regulates vegetative functions. Tsei rivn will preserve the main majesty of the synergy of walking with rhythmic after-time including 100% skeletal muscle mass. (Synergy - from the Greek. SinergBs - at once active. In the biology of synergy - the muses, which are useful for the health of one singing roach, for example, the inhalation, in which they take part at once, the interchondral, interchondral
The thalamic-pallidary rhyvn in sukupnosti with the rubrospecifies the mechanism of rivovagi - antigravitational - the singing character of the fetal ruffs in the nascent period of the emptying of the uterus.
Here it goes to respect that in robots in anthropology (as greek. Antropos - lyudin, logos - the word, vchennya) є vіdomosti about those, wіkova dynamіka trabecular structure of ridges talk about the ridge to the fetus yak about the functional organі.
Tsikavim from a number of positions to see the American pupils, who were brought up, until 8 - 12 days are already chu. The whole tsіkaviy fact was established by the offensive rank: the daddy child, having pressed her head to the mother’s belly, having pressed the same melody. When the people were born, the little boy started to react clearly to the melody, calming down and crying.
Klinitsisti know, well, that the briquette of the fruit ripened in absolutely perfect terms;
You can let it go, but a child has an accelerated population, in case of diagnostics, a child's cerebral palsy, a defective mechanism of coordination of ruhiv has already been found. At the same time, become intelligent even more than a lot of peculiarities of the vaginosity and the slopes, such as when the fetus is collapsing, the wrong position (transversely, etc.) awkwardly fastening to the wall of the empty uterus (so, for example, you can tighten the attachments to the booth of a little tsucenya, wrapped in a lance), shvidki abo, navpaki, more canopies, front or more canopy. All these signs are often identified in the anamnesis of children with cerebral palsy. At the same time, point to the situation that ruins in cerebral palsy, with all its own developmental disorders, classify on singing groups, in which babies are one-sided. That is important to let go of the obstetricians of Russia, USA, India and T. D. However, it is not bad at the pre-diagnosis of the breed.
Three positions of childbirth with injuries - peripheral parallel arms, fractures of the collarbone, hematomas and slowing down can be seen not as the cause, but as the inheritance - inheritance damaged by the programs of the fetus. During the pregnancy, later, it’s melodiously, in addition to ultrasound, in addition to the use of ultrasound methods, in advance of the regularity of fetal rucks, in babies, and in case of detection of the risk of prognosis for pregnancy or pregnancy, the stimulation of pregnancy
The afferent system of the whole level of regulation loses the receptor of the vestibular apparatus, as it poklikan_ signal_zuvat about the part of the room in the open space (the otolith apparatus) and the fluidity and right through the rucks (the circular canals in the inner). The labyrinth system, the red nucleus, the green tubercle, as well as the nucleus of the corns, in the norm until the moment of the formation, are formed and can function as a whole.
Є to allow for a delay, so that the period of vaginosity and flatness can be accelerated due to the defect in the structural elements of the Dytina populates "talamo-pallidary", and the ruku of the new-born dictated by the moaning of the coordination. On the class of rukhiv, regulated rubrospinal rіvnya coordination, the ruchus is in the class of thalamo-pallidary rіvnya. At the same time, nature does not involve its early mechanisms of coordination, but the use of skin offensive, more highly differentiated levels of change in the characteristics of the rue in a straightforward way, in the context of the most progressively foldable front
So, smoothly, how to scamper with unruffiness, without interruptions in the rupture of the spinal cord (apt to athetoid hyperkinesis) move into the area of autonomic functions, such as intestinal peristalsis, speed of the vertebral disease. The walking synergy is a thalamic-pallidary level of coordination, which includes the entire cyst muscles, to serve as the foundation for the organization of two-legged walking, to replace the multi-legged and trunk oversupply of lower tvarines (Table I). In the evolution of food and people, nature is vicious and such primitive methods of management, like the power of one-line organisms. Applied can serve oversupply of blood chickens in the court of judgment. Before that, they brought the process of not passive displacement of blood cells into the flow of blood plasmas, but rather active, regulation of blood cells.
To the class of rukhiv, the thalamo-pallidary rivnya is introduced, as a vipliv from the scheme, the flexion synergy is global. Klinichno tse viglyadaє by the offensive rank: if you ask a sick person to bend one leg in a colony, and at once see it automatically in tazostegnovyh, colony and homily foot lobes of both nig (Fig. 1 A, B). Isolation of rukh is uncomfortable. Putting on the knee, the patient is falling forward, because you cannot take a vertical position on the knees, folding when folding down, but you can not less save the vertical position of the tulub in the seated position with the legs bent.
With a severe degree of defectiveness, people cannot stand independently, sit down, I cannot fix the sitting posture.
The simple evolving child, you can help, but the child is healthy until the singing age, the child can’t be seen, but at the same time, due to the well-defined structures and the offensive behind him, according to the archives of the cyanotic suglobіv, and, in such a rank, become more powerful differentiated and docіlnі positions and ruhu. Such a differentiation is possible in terms of maturity, as it is said, there is a simple level of coordination, if the stepping synergy of the initiative is brought about by the peculiarities of the space - cross-codes, irregularities in the ground, similarities, etc. D. korpus striatum - dark tilo. In anatomy - visokodif-
A. Khvora with global original synergy. Trying to grow in the right knee slopes, supervise synergistic joints in the tazostegon and colonic slopes, to the strong slopes in the pelvic and to the knee slopes, to the tops of the feet and to the knee toes. Isolation of rukh is uncomfortable. B. EMG m'yaziv-zginachiv of the left leg. As a result of the growth of the brain in the right (contralateral) knee slope, there is a high electrical activity of the muscles of the left leg.
rented illumination of the brain, which plays the role of a regulator and galma of the rough reflex activity of the pallidum. Seemingly, she’s a child, she’s just starting to walk, but “doesn’t know how,” she steps over the crossroads, etc.
Global, large-scale synergies change to be more localized. The whole process normally ends up to 2 years. Familiar localization of this kind of synergy is the name of the tibial synkinesia of Strumpel, described by him in the 1920s. Vіn roztsіnyuv її as a neurological symptom, a service provider with a differential understanding of the fight against the path. According to Bernshtein, we will step on the step by step, that is. E. Stryumpel's Danes, one by one, confirm the legitimacy of the classification of warriors and encourage them.
Tibial synkinesis of the Strumple is clinically interpreted as an automatic method more efficiently than the synkinesis and supination of the foot with the one-hour long period of the first toe of the foot. Analysis of the Electromyographic and Biomechanical Structure of Walking Allows Sturdzhuvati, which means synkinesis (in Greek. Sun - at once, kinema, kinematos - ruh) є As an element of locomotion of healthy people, it serves to support the transfer of the foot over Vona is an old-fashioned leash in extreme situations: at a high pace of walking, at high speed raptor codes.
With an inconsistent control of the pyramidal level of coordination of tibial synkinesis, without being intertwined by the amplitude of the values earlier, at the same time, I will manifest in the boundaries of the preschool, old pathological, and the lack of such a particularity of the position. a slope in the sagital area, meaning the weakening of the rear posture when walking, the pose of the so-called wasteful zginannya when standing.
The period of time will complete the pre-motor period of the development of coordination. Tsey rivn to bring in the ruh of the meaning of the meaning (drink there, bring those and so on). I am familiar with the formulation of a rivnya in locomotion to serve the possibility of growth and isolation.
If the pyramidal level of coordination is lacking, as it is meant to be visceral, it is not difficult or difficult, for example, it is more difficult to stop the foot. On the way to the end of the day, you will be able to get into the minimal society, and with the command "zigni kolino" the foot will automatically bend once until the end of the foot until the surface of the homily. An analogous situation is promoted in the case of Electromyographic data.
The first level of coordination is matured up to two rockets, and from the end of the first time the locomotion is formed in general
Small. 2 (A, B, C) - Ailment from the tibial synkinesis of the Strumpel.
A. Dovilny izolovanno more than the lingering of the left foot is minimal (in the range of 10 °). B. Try to bend the number of the left leg, supervise the automatic tilting of the foot of the whole leg. V. EMG of the anterior great lump, when trying to hold the most tighter foot of the whole leg (upper curve). EMG of the anterior great one - the muzzle is significantly improved for the amplitude when trying to knock out the number of the whole leg (lower curve).
me. Otzhe, the scheme prompts the rukhiv to give us an idea of the process of stepwise organization of locomotion, and for the cutaneous ryvnya it is possible to provide a differential sign. So, for the lamo-pallidary ryvnya - the whole flexion synergy, for the astral ryvnya - the tibial synkinesia of the Strumpel, for the pyramidal ryvnya - more and more isolated than the lowering of the foot. For this reason, as the ryvny is still formed, locomotion doesn’t take in its development, it’s the element of being aware of the changes, hormonal bursts during the period of adolescence or the elderly, the aging of the coordination of the mechanism of such In a wide sense of the pathology of the position and walking in cerebral palsy, it can be interpreted as a result of the process of developing a collection of defective structures in the brain, which leads to coordination on the skin stage of ontogenesis of locomotion.
The offensive postulate of Bernstein is the principle of a reflexive ring, or innakse - a ringing sound, or so called sensory corrections (sensory - in Latin Sensus - sprynattya, pochuttya, vidchuttya). The formulas are the same and the same.
Bernstein for the first time introduced into the neurophysiology of the understanding of the reflexive ring as the form of a vocal sound, having entered into a dramatic discussion for himself with the great Pavlov, as they were going to develop their theory of organizing and understanding the function of understanding the sounds of such reflexive other sounds
Rukh є, according to Bernstein, two cycles of interactions: peripheral and central (pic. 3).
The peripheral rok apparatus does its job with a fold of foldable interconnection from the call of the middle. The world of myazovogo springs lie down yak from the innervation stan of the muzyazi, so from the meaning of the articulated kuta, i.e. from the mittvy position occupied by the Lankan system. Zvidsi viplivaє, scho myazova napruga є one of the reasons for ruku, because K. Wono є force, yak is applied to Lanka and the snarl of your camp. From the side, the collapse of the Lanok, which is supervised by the serpentine of the articulated grooves, the change is seen between the points of attachment of the connections and by ourselves, the cause of the snake and the tension. Here, a cyclical form of interaction is characteristic of physiology: pour the springs into the muff, and pour the muff into the muff. Such cyclical interactions are kindly seen in mechanics and may be violated in mathematics. Above the peripheral system of cyclic interactions, the insha is stimulated, the activity of which is also cyclic.
Tse of the central nervous system with usіma її numerical devices. Here it may be taecTO in order. First for all the primary effector impulse from the command attachment, straightening from the central nervous system through the cells of the anterior horns into the myase system, to bring the rest into the ruff, or to change the stanchion. Tse rukh abo zm_na rukh take off with nervous vіkon-
chanіyamі tendon, mucousіv і saglobovy bags, which are carried to the proprioceptive nerve apparatus. Smell through the affection path to transmit information about the worm. I will look at the pulsation, as well as the zorov, hearing, the central nervous system will force a new pulse, introducing correctives into the first ruddy pulse, i.e. ...
Passive rukhovy apparat is stored from ruffled cyst lanks, which create kinematic lantsyugi, which are characterized by degrees of freedom of rupture.
The transition from one step of freedom to two or even decisive signifies the recognition of the need for a choice. There is a need for automatic, uninterrupted preschool vibration.
Cinematic lancers become kerovans only in the same way, as in the country they are recognized as traktorії for us traktorії ruch for skin elements of lancet and zmusiti and elements collapse according to the designated way.
"At the higher levels of freedom for the rudimentary organ, that is, in the transformation of the rest into the kerovan system, and the field of coordination of rukhov". The principle of coordination Bernstein called the principle of sensory corrections.
I have said in a nutshell why problems in the effector devices of the central nervous system, as a rule, do not pull clean coordination problems, giving only syndromes of parallels, paresis, contractures, etc. atactic to the type, that is, the range of coordination.
OOO All vіdomі in klіnіtsі FORMS organіchnih rozladіv koordinatsії zavzhdi pov'yazanі іz zahvoryuvannyami receptor aparatіv i їh provіdnih shlyahіv: vestibular aparatіv (labіrintova abo vestibular ataksіya) zadnіh stovpіv spinal mozk, SSMSC conductive proprioceptive i tactile іmpulsatsії (tabid ataksіya) reciprocally mozochka systems ( cerebellar ataxia).
The people have the opportunity to compensate, build up a lot in this world of organics. The stench is eager to come and go, the inclusion of a new kind of sensitivity in the ruddy process (zorovoi, hearsay and іn.).
All types of afferentations are accepted by the body in different types and in different stages of participation in the development of sensory corrections.
Vikoristovuchi terminology Sherrington, Bernstein names the entire range of receptor types "propriocep-TIKON" in a wide functional sense.
The whole system of sensory signals about poses, articulated kuta, fluidity, muscular stretching and stress. M'yaz, wicked with its own power of change in the Russian kinematic lancer, dragging the sensitive end of the proprioceptors, and the signals that are frozen in the central nervous system on the effective way, bring the wintry into the effective light. Coordination in this mind is not about the accuracy but the subtlety of the effector impulses, but a special group of physiological mechanisms, so that they can create without interruption without interrupting the cyclic process of interconnection of the effector.
So, yak leather ruh, which has a great real sense, bring on its own way the inner and outward forces, the whole essence of this field is in the complete struggle with them.
Rukhova zavdannya and these forces, such as the need for a supplement for the first date, is dictated by the current light and not owned by the individual.
For this purpose, it is necessary to correctly send the rukhov to the manager, it is necessary to hold out the entire rudder act, from the ear and until the end of the viviryat of the auxiliary organ in the mind, the urge and the control of the skin, it is necessary to correct, as it is necessary to carry out the tasks, it is necessary Mechanism of cich corrections to ruch and sensory correction. A defect in the quiet of the most necessary types of sensitiveness for the ruff and the sensory corrections without them to the important damage of the hand coordination.
Rukh can’t be seen for one depriving the internal laws of the balance of energy and galvanizing, and for the first time it’s destroying and calling for ...
The role and the activity of sensitive afferent systems for the organism only and to repair at the moment when they give a start signal to the hearth. As soon as it’s old, I see a signal, I see a signal in the strong sensitive attachments of the rook apparatus (in the organs of the deep-loaf sensitiveness in the Persian Church), I see a signal, I think that there’s a signal The signals from the changeover to the senses start in the brain for the necessary sensory corrections.
Vyhodyachi z tsiy, a fundamental form of the nervous process during the action of the message, according to Bernstein, is the form of a reflex ring.
With the visitor's management, sensitive systems will not be provided with two functional functions: a signal-start-up service and a service, which control the effect of the service and ensure its maintenance.
Vyvchennya management of talented communication acts presented the afferent systems and organisms in the call of the light. The analysis of the coordinating inducement of the ruchus act and its failure in the pathology, in which the basis of the control of the rucks in the order of a circular process, such as the "reflexive cycle" one kind of one for familiarity (okremo dotic, kinesthetic, healthy, etc.), and navpaki. It’s possible to take care of the control of the crash, depending on the nature of all the folding syntheses, which are very much based on the brain of the complex of the most attractive images, which are scrapped by the numerous memories of the many "More foldable management, more foldable and more distant from the primordial sirs" in the first sense of the sensory (sensitive) synthesis, which is more
All the last evolutionary acceleration and preparation of sensory syntheses was made by the line of contention and inaccuracies in the perceptions of the organs of perception, the safety of the sounds, the display, the comprehension.
All poslіdovno formuvalisya rіvnі pobudovi ruhіv (so їh poznachaє i Suchasna fіzіologіya Ruhov aktіv) toil samy rіzny evolyutsіyny vіk, zbereglisya i have Lyudin, utvorivshi from Demba tsіlu ієrarhіchnu drabinu vzaєmnogo pіdporyadkuvannya, with samy verhnіy of them nalezhit monopoly lyudinі (rіven MTIE i leaves) ... Found the lower portions of the farm, formed by the creatures with their own brain substrates and lists of the feasible ones, the farm buildings, were spared from the people, and they kept the keruvats by those who found them, primitive in the sense of the plane, by the sailing acts (forging).
"To begin with, the formation of a new individual rukhovoy navik may be more adequate than all the corrections; yakostyam zabezpechuvanih him touch korektsіy. Postupovo in rezultatі number poslіdovnih peremikan i stribkіv, utvoryuєtsya foldable bagatorіvneva sporuda, ocholyuvana provіdnim rіvnem, adequate smislovіy strukturі Ruhov act i SSMSC realіzuyut tіlki nayosnovnіshі virіshalnі in smislovomu planі korektsії. "Pid yogo diriguvannyam in vikonannі ruhіv take fate , far, a number of background conditions, such as service background, or technical components of the deterioration, tone, energy and denervation, reciprocal galvanization, folding synergy and t. P. "(N. A. Bernstein).
The process of mixing up the technical components of the control of the rocket in the lower, backgrounds, rivni є those who are called to call the automation rocket.
Every Russia, like and won’t have a rіvneva height, can learn one only leading rіven.
The essence of the process of automation, which in one trivial hour and on the right, is stored in the central nervous system itself, according to the plan of the layout of the backgrounds, at the designated rukh warehouse.
Neurologists refer to the designation of the rukhovoy warehouse as "the folded project to the rukhovoy".
A handful of ways to fix the style of pre-dinner crock childish vikoristovuyu proprioreceptive mechanisms and to make a correction "post factum", instead of entering into greater detail with the correction of "ante factum" (as in Latin in Post and
The manifestation of alternate shortcuts serves in all types of greater and more detailed coordination in the context of the mechanism of secondary corrections.
At the earliest, the master of the ruk is a new lecturer of all the meanings of antagonism, in advance and in reserve to lead all the steps of freedom, leaving one or two of the most important for the given basis for the ruk.
On the offensive step to the right, having already mastered it, if in any direct way the spirit of the charge of reactive force, the sub'kt allows them to act, one by one, vivilnatiya fixed up to that step of freedom, to learn to use reactive force, that is, to fight against reactive forces. In the third general development, the struggle with reactive forces is of the same nature, if the stench from the transition is transformed into corisnia force.
Sensory corrections є as a stimulus in the process of becoming ruins, as well as in the process of further elaboration in the vital aspect. Moreover, the process of organizing the ruk is all in the middle of his class, Bernstein began as evolutive, and moved to a new class of rukhs, with the emergence of a larger differentiated level of coordination as revolutionary, striking. Rukhs of the growing level of regulation are in the middle class of more low-level organization, they reach the maximum development and development is irrational from the point of view of the new rukhova establishment of signs of large rucks.
For example, the robotic automatisms of the global original synergy step by step change with the greater localized automatisms of the tibial signals. At the same time, biomechanical and electrophysiological characteristics of walking can be changed, so that more folding hands can be used, such as the differentiation of the phases of the reference period, the speed of the walk, the speed of the walk is slow,
In the end bag, there are sensory corrections to resolve problems. Azhe is a viscous device, the whole robot is controlled by impulses, which go through the frontal horns of the spinal cord, according to the principle: impulse is a fast muscle. All coordination "disassembly" (with the power of speeding up the muscles, if, like, dovgo, etc.) are carried out on the supraspinal ravines - on the equal coordination, defined by Bernstein, i.e. until the cells of the anterior horn of the spinal cord. Such a rank, "Kintseviy shlyakh" in neurological terminology, is one with all the developmental and foldability of the oversegmental apparatus of the central nervous system.
Posture, walking characteristics, wringing out, forming on suprasegmental ravines, and as an instrument of the whole process, sensory correction.
The whole principle is even more important in that sense, in case of cerebral palsy, i.e., in case of central parallels, it is wrong, mabut, talk about the loss of meat strength, as about the reason for the intercourse of the ruffs in the shkodzheniy kintseviy - eferentnoї - shlyakh), and then talk about the collapse of the coordination of rukhi - discoordination, discinesia (as greek dys ... і lat. dis ... - a prefix, which means difficulty, destruction, loss of what). It is logical to see and understand the ways of orthopedic correction of the position and walking with cerebral palsy.
All in all, how to get stuck in orthopedics, may be on the basis of the result, to fit into the nature of sensory corrections, be it a change in the flow of sensory impulses during the fixation of a slope with a prolonged orthopedic device for stagnating coldness. It remains to be reached, for example, by the way of Michel la Mathieu, if, with the original contracture of the wrist and the loops of the fingers, it is far more to reach the stronger and the triviality of the wrist, the wobbling of the wrist, the affected The same role is for the vicon and for the titles of the eligible-nautical suit - the suit of cosmonauts, proponation until the end of cerebral palsy. For the additional help of late elastic traction, going from the shoulder girdle to the waist and from the waist to nig, sensory impulses in the coordination structure of the brain, leading to the anti-gravity regulation function. First and foremost, when the costumes were worn out, they promoted the improvement of the stiffness of the position and walking of children with cerebral palsy. I would like to respect that, in this case, it is not possible to include and underestimated biological compensation for the improvement of the stiffness of the position, such as the change of the mountain of curvatures of the ridge, to make it easier for D.
Hirurgical involvement is also meaningfully infused into the cause of sensory impulses: myo and tenotomy (from the Greek Mfs - m'yaz, tome - vidrizok, tendo - from the Latin - tendon), in medicine - the development of the arthroplasty Arthron - suglob, de - from lat. І des - from French. - visibility) turn on the roach in the slopes and it is practical to increase the potential for proprioceptive impulses. I will explain the spasmolytic effect of operations with cerebral palsy, which expands far beyond the boundaries of the area. In one case, one design of the straight muscles is stegna with rectus syndrome, the whole pose is normalized.
Transplantation of mucous membranes also changes in afferent potencies, penetrating in such a rank into the mechanism of sensory corrections. The price of snoozing suvorishe goes to show up to surgical operations in a vital aspect. Global synergy, for example, to rob the effect of any operation is important to predict, as well as the return of an eq. Of tibial synkinesis.
We will be more friendly with the result in patients with cerebral palsy with a lack of pyramidal regulation, that is, if the pre-motor period is mostly finished and practically unpredictable, the result is "thalamo-pallidary disease." development.
More information will be given in the section about the principle of surgical correction of the position and walking in cerebral palsy.
Sensory corrections є the basis not only of the organization of rukhiv in ontogenesis, but of the mechanism of their understanding, just to bring up the theory of vicious navigation in sports, pratsi, but also the organization of locomotion. N. A. Bernshtein in his theory of the basic structural storage of the locomotive act: the storage of the support and portable period, the period of the sub-base support.
According to the principle of equality of action and anti-zusill, there are no equal anti-zusillas of support reactions, i.e., strength action of the support surface on a thin id. The center is vertical to the warehouse crochet (div. Ch. IV).
Naybilsh informative later in the warehouse.
Powerful impulses, so that the collapse of the legs is pummeled when walking, and there is no way to be surrounded by one pair of simple reciprocal impulses on the skin sub-croc.
With the development of a big one in children, it is revealed that in the norm for children from 2 to 5 years, the organization of the portable period and the most innovations are found in the proximal points of the leg, so that they are more stable distal.
From 2 to 5 rocky late curves, the stegna appears to be a big time for the portable hour already in general, since the curves of the foot are not differentiated from walking in the reference period.
From the top to the bottom of the proximal points up to the distal one, make N. A. Bernshtein to the offensive physiological examination. (The points of view are superbly important for an orthopedist, especially a surgeon) (to practice the correct position and walking in cerebral palsy, it seems like it is worth citing the entire text of the author.) The proximal points of the leg (for example, the shallow loam) are marked with a tighter mass of muscles, below the distal (foot), and at the same time the moment of the closest to the first distal parts of the lantern To that tazostegnova group, it is easier to destroy from the middle of the upper part of the stegna, lower the foot, for the substitution of which it is brought to the collapse of the entire inner leg from the top to the bottom. distal lankas, as a rule, viscera, lower proximal. Also, and kinetic energies in the first are more and more important. uє the role of an important pendulum ".
The sound of a vaping, which is a nervous efficacious impulse when given its force, is imperceptibly easier to slip into the proximal curve and is seen in it at a vigilant of some dynamical weakness, but it does not seem to pierce the entire systemic optical In order to be able to come to the rest, the effector impulse is guilty of the power of power, or to drink "right away" - at such a moment, if the distal system is in a particularly visible mind for the child.
Who can turn around a welcoming moment, how to say it is important, and here, mabut, there is a great field for a long time: maybe, here it’s just a sense of the pose of the picture, it’s possible to forget about the biology of the mechanics. є a turning point in performance, since the inertial support of all the weak is visible, maybe it’s nareshty, є the moment of a particularly receptive setting of the meat device, which is thrown here by the least effective signaling signals.
So, in order to control the distal lanes of greater sprituality, in the sense of coordination technology in the sensitization of politics, the optimal moment is given, and the required momentum is needed every hour. If you want to miss an hour for a fraction of a second, then the impulse will not "pass", that is, do not give a slight effect on the periphery.
Needless to say, it’s not about other coordinated collapses of distal collapses on the rocker collapses, but about the global, great, extrapiradic type of collapses of distal collapses. The dynamism of the cich remains in the endocrine rakhunka to lie down from the same tazostegnovy m'yazyv, and the dynamism of the proximal points of the leg.
The distal dynamics is old enough to be divided into biodynamic details, but not the same, since the details are not included in the effective impulses and to fix the appearance in the dynamics of the predictable proximal points, but these to catch a glimpse of high-quality moments of functional performance. The dynamism of the superstructure is especially rich in power "spillovers" in the distal Lankas, which is indicative of the even subtle control of the dynamism of the new, bio-mechanical order.
A folding bagatolan pendulum, which is a biomechanical sense of a leg, has a dynamic interaction of lanoks, gras of reactive forces, folding collapsible lance and so on. And those who do not fade away the stench of the trained maister, and in such abundance know their images in dynamic curves, talk about even the subtle reactive attachment of the nerve-mucous apparatus to the proprioceptive signaling.
A higher degree of dismemberment of the distal force curves is a sign of the catch of the moment of the least support, and it seems that the best way to utilize the whole amount of loads of forces and, possibly, the entire physiological process of folding ".
This material is quite folding for the clinician, the material is cited in order to accentuate the surgical extremism in nutritional transplants and to raise the mucous membranes in the slopes of the feet for children with cerebral palsy, hardly enough to form the right type of right Slide mean, at the same time, the rosy development of a child with cerebral palsy may grow up to 2 - 3 rocks.
The author stated that there are three steps in the evolution of walking in a vital aspect.
1. Decreased function of structural mechanisms of walking, more control of svidomosty.
2. Alert to the witness of metushiness, other bloody ruhs.
3. Explicit breakdown of ruch structures.
The split is indicated earlier than a single coordination.
In such a rank, ontogenetic material, showing the overconversion, that the dynamic structure of walking in the vineyard, goes through a number of regular stages, development and development and naturally evolves in the elders.
Principally, the most important here are those whose development is tied with even more vivid destruction in the very structures of walking.
Obviously, the morphology of the structure passes in early ontogenesis through:
a) the stage of reciprocal innervation primitive;
b) the stage of incremental development of morphological elements;
c) the stage of superfluous proliferation of these elements;
d) the stage of revitalizing development of infantile elements and residual organization of the social and global form.
"With respect to the coordination of the bodily dynamic structure of walking, it is also possible to pass through a number of apparently different stages of development: on the very cob, the symptom of hypofunction of proprioceptive coordination in the form of a coordinated
Coordination ante factum (dozuvalnaya abo primary coordination) is developing more and more, so that it will be organized meaningfully ".
Also, Bernstein's theory about prompting the ruins is also about the neurophysiological and biological structures of ruff in the process of its formation and thoroughness. Vaughn includes the main provisions:
1. Ontogenesis of ruchs of people repeats phylogenesis, as long as it is possible to talk about the universality of the scheme of prompting rukhs, proponated by the author;
2. The level of coordinating morphologically strictly meanings and including the singing structures of the brain, afferent and eferent receptor systems, building up the regulation of specific classes of people.
3. Yakosti rukhiv not settle down, but swell. Determination of the qualities of the ruch є the process of building up from the stages of maturation of the structures of the brain, which coordinate the pendants, specific for the whole level of the class of rugs. The process of making the steps in character. The co-ordination of the complex of cerebral structures and coordination specific for a new class of children Bernstein calls them a motivation to motivate them. For the skin class of rukhiv we have assigned a sign - an indicator specific for the whole class of rukhiv.
For thalamo-pallidary ryvnya - the whole is flexion synergy, for the astral - tibial synkinesia of the Strumpel, for the pyramidal - the health of the zrobitis is more and more insulating than the wrinkle of the foot, the use of the fingers of the fingers.
4. In ontogenetic development, the nature of vicorist all the prizes before the mechanisms of coordination of primitives, which go from people to the sphere of vegetation, to BISSHIX social activities. For the skin class of rucks, nature in ontogenesis is a vicarist assistant for the establishment of a ruch management element, which is not needed for a new, more flexible coordinating task. The function of the vicon of the offensive, more highly organized, the level of coordination.
5. The basis of coordination is the mechanism of sensory correction, two cycles of interaction and the mechanism of development of navigation.
6. A predictive analysis of the specific characteristics of the ruffs in the process of ontogenesis in the norm and clinical symptomatic complexes in the development of positions and walking in cerebral palsy allows for clear parallels. On the way out, є to give it to you, but cerebral palsy is not an ailment with a residual stage, but the result of a ripening from a collection of a defective brain, which appears to itself already in utero. The increase in the number of ruptures of the singing class and symptoms of ruptures of ruins in cerebral palsy allows the classification of pathology in the position and walking in cerebral palsy according to a defective level of coordination;
7. Ditina in the norm of populist is "talamo-pallidary". With a stretch of the first two rocky winners go through two more stages of pre-motorized period of development of coordinating mechanisms - straight and pyramidal. In children with cerebral palsy, the cerebral palsy is not attainable for their improved maturity. With great failures and greater defectiveness, a given method of radicalization of structures to the brain is passed through, in order to guide the coordination of functional functions, it is more likely to predict the result of treatment and more
8., The proto-motor period will end its development up to 2 rockets in the norm. Tse means that all the elements are necessary for fixing the straight upright position and walking, є in manifestation. And not less than Bernstein, he ordered that such warehouses of locomotion, such as support, elements of the big, end their development up to 3 years, and all warehouses of normal locomotion - up to 5 years. Children with cerebral palsy are considered to be 2 or 3 rocky in the development of rokhoviks. At the end of the day, you should respect that the forecast of any surgical involvement in children aged 6 - 7 years old is difficult and do not expect the result to be lost.