Summary: Ordering. Chaos. Zrostannya entropia. Ordering of suspension systems. Legally injected into the centralized systems The ordering of the systems is characterized by
Integrativeness. Tsey term is often used as a synonym for consistency. However, I am not interested in zovnishnikh officials Show conscientiousness, and for greater reasons, the formation of the power of power and smut - until you are spared. Integrative is the name of the system-creating, non-protective factors, important middle є heterogeneity and super-versatility of the elements.
community
Communicativeness. Tsya regularity of the warehouse is the basis of the designation of the system, proponated by V. M. Sadovskiy and E. G. Yudin in the book "Pre-development of the foreign theory of systems."
Whether the system is not isolated from other systems and is interconnected without any communication navkolishnіm middle, Yaka is a foldable and heterogeneous coverage, for revenge (Figure 4.1):
oversystem(The system is of a higher order, which is set in the support and interconnection of the given systems);
elements abo pidsystem(Underlying, separate systems);
systems of one level from given;
Small. 4.1. Connections of the system with the supersystem, pіdsystems and systems
ryznogo rivnya
ієrarchіchnіst
The clear-cut architecture is like a regularity to inspire all light and be-like vision of the system. The hierarchical order permeates everything, fixing it from the atomic-molecular level and ending with human suspension. Irregularity as the regularity of the polarity is in the fact that the regularity of integrity is manifested on the skin condition. The supervisors on the skin level determine new powers, as they cannot be vivered like the sum of the powers of the elements. At the same time, it is important that it is not only the combination of elements in the skin institution.
In such a rank, on the skin level, there are foldable changes, which are not expected to be presented and explained. Along with the very special features, the regularity of producing to the tsikavi inheritance is discerned. Per Persha, For the help of the architecture, it is possible to visualize the system without significance.
In a different way, Pobudova іnrarchіchno іsіrіchіchnoі structures іn hіd meti: for rich situations it is possible to build a number of іnrarchіchny structures, so that we can show young minds, and with the whole component in other structures can take part in life. By-tertє, At Navіt odnіy i tіy same metі, Yakscho doruchiti formuvannya ієrarhіchnoї rіznih doslіdnikam structuring, the od zalezhnostі їh poperednogo dosvіdu, i kvalіfіkatsії knowledge system stench mozhut otrimati rіznі ієrarhіchnі structure, ie. E. In rіznomu dozvoliti yakіsnі zmіni on cutaneous rіvnі ієrarhії ...
Equivalent
There is one of the least recent regularities. Vaughn characterizes the boundary possibilities of systems of the singing class of folding. L. von Bertalanffy, who proponents the term, is the beginning of the newest standards in the most recent systems and how the building by system parameters). The need for the introduced understanding of the winery, fixing from a decent level of folding, for example, a biological system.
In the current hour of failures, a number of nutritional laws are in place: what are the parameters in specific systems that will prevent the power of equivalence? how to take care of the power? How does the regularity of equivalence manifest in organizational systems?
history
Hour є is not a uniform characteristic of the system, that is, the skin system is historical, and there is also a regularity, like integrity, integration and іn. It is easy to put the butt of development, development, fall and death of biological and suspension systems, but for technical and organizational systems, it is important to carry out the development.
The basis of the regularity of history is the internal rubbing between the components of the system. If you want to manage the development, you would like to be close to the period of development of the system - there is little time left for nutrition.
An hour will remain for the need to maintain the laws of history and to repair the beasts of greater respect. In the early days, in system technology, when folding technical complexes are established, it is necessary at the stage of designing the system and looking out not only for the supply of food, but for the safety of the development of the system, but for food, as it is required. For example, the decommissioning of technology, especially foldable - aviatsiynoy, "povovannya" of nuclear installations and in.
Tsya regularity is closely tied to the regularity of interconnection of a part with a whole on the basis of the pre-development of interconnection of the system and of development, so that of the middle. They knew about the state of the art in Ancient Greece. Such an order is to be promoted at whatever level of development to Vsesvit. The architecture characterizes the regularity to inspire all the light and be it the vision of the system, being one of the most important moments of the last systems.
ієrarchіya(View of Greek. hieros - sacred i arche - vlada) is a type of structural change in folding bagator systems, which is characterized by an orderly, organization of interconnection and vertical alignment.
A collection of tsei terms vinik in the relegation yak a priest "servant drabini". Because of this, they became widely used to characterize the relationships between the systems of government, administration, economy, army, etc. In the Danish hour, seemingly about the hierarchy, the order of the ob'ktyv may be on the mind. ієраrhіya - the order of the order of the lower organizational levels of the higher levels in the systems of organizational management of the enterprise, region, state, etc. All organizational and management structures are motivated by the urgency of the ideological principle.
The regularity of the hierarchical ordering of elements in the system is based on the manifestation of power, architecture and communality, which is the beginning of the establishment of an interconnection between the system and the middle.
ієrarchіchnіst - The power of systems, which is the main thing, is that whether the system can be represented in the view of the baggage structure. At the same time, in all the rivnya of the іnrarchії, there is a sense of integrity. Bilsh high ієrarchіchny rіven ob'єnu elements of the lower іvnya and nadaє on them in a directional way. As a result, the members of the hierarchy will build up new powers and functions, they will be in the isolated camp, and will show their mercy in them. Intraarchitectural blue is characteristic practically for all systems, in which the simplest structural and functional differentiation. This is the principle and method of system management. On the lower level, concrete and detailed information about the function of the subsystem of the given level is formed, which is used to integrate (integrate) for the given criteria and be transferred to the control system. Moreover, the sound between the ravens does not sound absolutely harsh, so how to control the system is connected through ringing mіzh rіvnyi (cybernetic principle).
In systemic predictions (systemic analysis), for the resolution of folding problems, which does not matter, the principle of architecture allows for the decomposition (sub) problems to be more simple and understandable. At the end of the day, the possibility of effective revision of specific buildings is taken into account, and hence - the solution of the problem.
For example, before a marketer it will be worthwhile to assess the level of food for the production of an innovative product in the region. The problem is given a great rivn of non-significance. However, if we tackle the problem on the development of demand for the sectors of the living market (perhaps for the economy, specific organizations and enterprises), then it is possible to speed up the process of non-value and development of consumption. In the end bag - because of a real need for an innovative product and a problem.
community(From lat. communication - call, occasionally). Whether the system is seen from the midst of the midst, there is no sound from the midst, the unity is singular with it. Links will be provided with information in conjunction with modifying objects. Communication one of the authorities of information (attribute, function and communication), as well as for additional information, it is necessary to exchange information about the behavior of the middle system in general. The power of the commune is not attached to all objects of living and inanimate nature, Riznitsya deprivation in the ways and mechanisms of transmission of information, as a maє rіzniy zmіst.
For example, in technical systems there is a dash, transmission and reception of information from the viewers of signals, which will prevent the normal functioning of the technical system. Communicating among people will provide for exchanges of thoughts, knowledge, advice, allowing them to cooperate with fashion and interconnection in suspensions.
The power of communality of systems is tied to the power of the hierarchy in the process of structurization, as it’s like it’s impossible to keep the regularity of elements in systems and systems in the middle. The law of the ordering є the general law of ordering the World, in which all objects of the real light may have the structure:
- supersystem - the system of the highest level, which is the basis for the system and the lower level. Above system is a call center for downstream systems. For example, the state is a vimogi before the economy as a whole, being an economic middle ground for sub'єktyv business activities;
- pid systems - all the lower-level, pidvidchі systems, such as elements of the auxiliary systems, so that the supidryadny systems;
- systems of one level form their internal middle ground in a manner consistent with the purpose of function and self-development.
The power of communality of systems is the basis of the interconnection between the pre-slidzhuvanoi system and the navkolishnim middle and the manifest regularity of the modality of the part and the whole. The law of communality of systems and the middle of the process of mutual relations in the process of ordering (ієrarchії) on the basis of a bilateral exchange of information. One reason for information about the directions of the growing ryvn at the bottom, the nature of the autonomous whole - the system. Another tendency of rectifying the views of the lower-standing systems in the direction of the growing ones, showing a singular stagnation in the quality of a part (element) of the growing ryvnya system.
The clearness of the systems of power and communality will not only prevent the formulation of the organizational structures of management, but the exchange of resource processes both in the system itself, and also in the process of development.
The laws of growth and change in the entropy of the process of non-linear development of elements in the system when they are infused with vypadkovy factors of the new middle.
understand " entropia»There is a very important role in the system analysis and in relation to the value of werewolves and non-reversible processes of the system as a result of the non-linear development of the elements of the flow of various factors. Yogo viv in 1865 r nimetsky fizik R. Clausius like an understanding of physics. Entropy in thermodynamics - the system has reached the stage of thermodynamic equilibrium for the accumulation of heat energy. According to the classic thermodynamics on the macroeconomic environment, the system looked at how energy was built up to its revision. Energy the function of the system and that in the world of growth the building of the system and its own statistic changes. On the micro level, entropy is tied to the transition of systems from unimportant stanіv to more imіvіrnіsnim. The growth of entropy in thermodynamic systems is to talk about the transition in an orderly form to a mass of particles in an out-of-order - heat. The transformation of the energy of a well-ordered roach into the energy of a chaotic roach is called the dissipation of energy (the term “dissipative” is the synonym of the term “non-turning”). The temperature of all parts of the system in the station is the same. Thermodynamic equilibrium systems and adapt to the maximum of entropy.
The understanding of "entropy" is stagnated in the theory of information as a world of non-meaningfulness, whether it is to the knowledge (viprobuvannya), which can be a mother's inheritance.
In economical systems, there is a world of insignificance in the sense of the centrality, as it is seen as a situation, in which there is more and more information about the middle of the behavior of the system and the call Folding i great systems(Social and economic) growth has led to their behavior to adapt to the fallowness of the level of non-importance factors of the external and internal middle ground.
Entropy can be seen as the world of insignificance will become a whole of an orderly system. The same form of entropy, tied to the unimportant state of the system, is the last hour of the greatest expansion during the pre-social and economic processes.
In opposing the entropy is the manifestation of negentropy as the world is in order and organization of the system.
Brutal respect!
In any real system, immediately the law of decline (growth of negentropy) and growth (decay of negentropy) of entropy behind the growing indicators and parts of the system.
butt
- 1. Economic crisis should be brought up to the growth of entropy (chaos), so that it is a singular level of non-importance for the development of business, and anti-crisis should be brought in before the development of negentropy (order).
- 2. To build up the generalization of information in any subject area up to the improvement of the entropy, and the establishment of the systematized sound information systems - up to the change (increase in the negative).
- 3. Strengthening the economic approaches of sanctions (advancing negentropy) to create to the point of joking alternative economic solutions (improving the entropy), which, as a result, will lead to the establishment of a new order.
It means that cherguvannya order (decline of entropy) and coldness (growth of entropy) є an active phenomenon in nature and suspicion. It’s worth explaining that in the process of development (evolution) of any systems, there is a change in the organization’s links - either in order or in order.
The understanding of "lack of heart", or "chaos", is common (the theory of synergetics) - the center of the system, in which everything is in order, structured communication with elements. Becoming a mess in the system does not mean that in every day of the day the regularity of the ringing between the elements is clear, and the sound of the ringing is done in a wicked, chaotic manner.
Another law of thermodynamics is to say that, in any closed system, bezlad (entropy) grows up in an hour. In addition, it seems, the number of steps of freedom of molecular (dynamic) chaos of growth in an hour - on the day of vyplya in that, when it became more chaotic, it became more, lower in order (in the order of the machines).
witness "Order" transmission of clear structure and spaciousness in the system, which “ring” the elements in a single whole. Such stability is saved until quiet times, as long as the system doesn’t change much (runnuvatisya or go to a new level of development), in order to move to the standard recklessness.
Organizational activity of people in social and economic systems is tied to the ordering of actions to deny the result (order), but at the same hour of action, one can opt for the singing part of suspension (lack of heart). Winning such rubbish by the natural law of any kind of evolutive movement. To this, order (change in entropy) and bezlad (change in entropy) are the basis of dynamic self-developing working systems.
Russian philosopher L. Balashov stverdzhu, scho in the suspension “... absolute or ideal order is also a shkidlivy people, like absolute disorder, chaos. Pragnennya okremikh people to all the greater, ideal order is pernicious for them and іtochennya. It is just as scrupulously and pragmatic of people to chaotic life (for example, anarchist) or to pragmatic pluralism. "
It is imperative that the development of any kind of suspension systems, including the economy and the economy, should be considered for the development of a well-balanced attitude to order and lack of coldness, the development of some kind of technology in the world To this, it is important to the zavdannya of the state є to set mind not only to establish the singing order, but to regulate the disorder.
For example, in the systems of education, it is necessary to introduce fahivtsi ns only logically mislity (change of entropy), but also to develop for development of intuition and creative misery(Zbіlshennya entropії). The very spіvvіdnoshennya cich yachts і fakhіvtsya є modern vimogues of social and economic systems in the information and innovation support.
In the system analysis, the entropy (E) serves as a world of versatility and information in the system and is based on the number of admissible systems in the system. N s:
The introduced formula is valid only for rivnoymoyrno stanіv. Yaksho system can be rebuilt in NS stanah - s v s 2, " s n ~ s ВС Р ° " p (s (), p(S 2), ..., R (s n) f then її entropia is insured for the formula:
So as the logarithm is a dimensionless quantity, then і entropy is also a dimensionless quantity. However, entropy, such as information, can be shown in bits, as in the formulas, substitute the natural logarithm for vicoristovuyu double logarithm.
butt
- 1. Army: system with zero or pragne to zero entropy.
- 2. Bureaucracy: a system with weak minusculeness and numbness, obviously, and with little entropy.
- 3. In economical systems, the determination of non-value is linked to the value of information entry. Chim less entropy, for lack of value, in the economy as a whole, or in a business project, less need to be spent by the manager on the vibration of the solution. There are no alternative solutions for the manager to choose the right solution for the better, less energy, and also the lack of significance in the process of taking decisions.
Within the framework of the traditional line-of-sight visualization, the skin's natural or community system has been deprived of only one or more deciduous aspects, so from the point of view of the subject sciences. In such a picture, the sound of the subject was shattered, and it called to the destruction of a differentiated scientific one to look at the manifestation of a part of the whole. Such a manifestation depends on the framework of systemic indications, and in the process of system analysis, it is often said goodbye to the model of the illusion, not to the point where it is infused with "insignificant" or even different factors.
Open and close the system. The understanding of critical and supercritical systems is linked to the basis of systemic organization, which is the basis of the steps (inter) of interconnection and interconnection with the navkolishnim middle. In the process of interaction, a system of communication processes with resources (speech, energy and information), necessary for the new and functional.
Vidkrita system - such a system, as not small between and zdіysnyu dynamic interconnection with zvnіshnіm middle. The knowledge of the open system is immeasurable without the exchange of processes in the collection. For example, be-like the enterprise will take away the resources of the call. All social and economic systems are sensitive, as it smells for the development of products with the help of these systems. Be it an organization, an enterprise, a state, an economy, be it an open system. characteristic particularity in the most critical systems of polarity in the fact that the entropy in them tends to grow stronger for the exchange of processes, from the invariable middle ground and change for the destruction of the order. In addition, in all critical systems, the problem of managing exchange flows, especially information flows, is becoming an important problem for the broadcasting of virobnichnyh enterprises.
Zakrita (Abo is isolated) system Practically, it is not possible to communicate due to the external middle ground, but to exchange processes of minimization. The function of such a system is to take care of the internal resources. However, such systems are practically not found in nature and suspensions. Most often, the understanding "closed the system" will be victorious to induce theoretical models to continue to develop the specifics of the regularities of the function of any folding object without urahuvannya zvnishnyh inflows.
In supercritical systems, within an hour of growth, entropy can be reached and the maximum value of an active support in the elements can be reached (according to another law of thermodynamics). If there is any fluctuation, it is possible to change the mentality for the reorganization of the systems themselves, and the degradation may increase. Decrease of the entropy can be deprived in the development of a new order, but also, an increase in the organization on the basis of the establishment of a new order new systems management, as it is not good without sufficient and active information. To that, the exchange of information with a vital middle ground is necessary for the function of cleverly critical systems.
The principle of compensation of the entropy allows you to open the door for self-organizing systems. The essence of the whole mechanism of compensation of the polarity is that the entropy of the emerging systems can be changed for the growth of the entropy in the nation, as the interchange of the system with it. Tse means that the exchange of resources with call systems take the stronger order in the system, so as to change the center. In the process of interconnection of critical systems, information is exchanged, exchange of information, exchange of information, exchange of information about order (self-organization), both in the elements of the system itself, as well as in intermodal systems. The law of thermodynamics (synergetics) says: lowering the entropy in one part of the system and the observational supervising of the entropy in the third part. Wow, the order and the idleness (entropy laws) depend on the elements of the great and folding system, so that the stench cannot develop at the same pace.
From the same time, in the suspension and in the winter, in the economy of the pace, the development of the young galuzei will be growth, so as in a folding system it is actively progressing and actively fixing the definition of the elements, as there is a change in the progress. Compensation for the phenomenon can be deprived of the established system of management of the enterprise processes, such as self-organization, and self-production. The process is based on the universal law of exchange between systems and elements in systems - if in one part of the system, energy arrives, then in the first one.
Brutal respect!
Clearing vikoristovuvati the principle of compensation for the entropy allows the creation of such organizational structures, such as the development of corporate power and take the set of new characteristics for the call of the dynamic middle fashion. Advancement of central laws in systems of change of mind for the formation of integrated authorities in non-linear systems, which allow creating a synergistic effect.
In synergetics, it is more important to introduce attractors to the point of self-organized behavior of the non-linear open system.
Attractor (eng, attract- to get, to attract) - the supremacy of the internal and the outward minds, the choice of self-organizing one of the options of the stable development; Ideal kintseve camp, to a pragmatic system in the process of its development. The space of the middle of the attractor, in which the skin part (system), was drunk there, step-by-step in a given straight line, called the "attractor's zone". In a synergistic methodology, they develop simple and wonderful attractions. When the systems are installed, we can simply start with the attractor, the trajectory for the development of the system is transferred. When the system is mired, it’s awesome attractors, it’s unimportant because of the system’s behavior.
Synergetic systems є foldable, variable self-organizing systems, which, on the basis of the call flow of the building, show the principles of self-organizing structures.
The laws of the health of the systems of interconnection with the design and organization of the function of the control systems (Fig. 3.4).
Small. PER. Components of regularity of health of systems
Equivalent- the building of the system for reaching the singing camp, as not to lie down for an hour, not from the cob's minds, but to start with parameters 1.
The term "Equivalent" by L. von Bertalanffy's proponations for describing the laws of change of staniv in all critical systems. Rivnovagi in supercritical systems will rise to the start of cob thinking її іsnuvannya. Kintseviy mill of the critical systems does not lie in the form of cob, but rather is due to the peculiarities of the process in the middle of the systems and the nature of the relationship to the middle.
Tsya regularity characterizes the boundary capabilities of the system, but it is important to ensure that in the design of organizational and management systems. Equivalent, albeit by L. von Bertalanffy, show itself only in folding, critical systems, such as between the expansion of the steel development, which will increase in importance by the parameters of the system itself.
There is a lot of nutrition, there are many parameters, for which the system can reach borderline-capable stations for its own purposes, there are still few vivacs. It is a regularity that allows for the initiation of communication goals of organizing and potential organizing possibilities.
For example, people think of nature by their wonderful health and opportunities, therefore, in the management of organizing the most effective and individual or changing methods of personnel management.
The law of "necessary flexibility" Yeshbi. Forward, the law of the formulations of U. R. Yeshbi as the fundamental law of cybernetics. Yogo is the essence of polyagaє in that " versatility of the folding system and control, yaka herself is a great deyakim» .
The sense of the principle of polarity is in the fact that on a large and foldable injection system there is a great versatility of specific and internal factors, then the control system in such systems is guilty of adequately displaying the principle of versatility. Also, if the organizational structure of the system and management is not enough, then whether it’s a versatility of factors in pouring will not destroy the principle of the integrity of the system. The law of eshbi ties on the basis of a number of information that is necessary for the effective management of a particular system.
In control systems, the law of the necessary flexibility in terms of options (flexibility) accepts a solution in the presence of smart minds and situations, so that the transmission of alternatives is obvious.
The law of potential efficiency. This regularity is found in folding systems, which is a folding behavior, and it is tied to the value of the same style, so that the possibilities are opposed to the flow of external and internal factors. The presence of such regularities allows the system to be sounded from the point of view of life, boundary health, goals and efficiency of management.
For example, the dermal organisation structure has little between the potentialities, and the potential between the efficiency and the functionality. As soon as it is necessary to improve the effectiveness of the results of the organization, then there will be new changes in both the general organization and in the managerial spheres of activity.
Laws of growth and development. Be it the system in an hour knows how many and what kind of changes. For qih zmin, an understanding is introduced "zrist"і "Rozvitok". It is important to understand the understanding of the understanding, the reflections of the growth and development are far from one of those same and not necessarily one connected with the other.
growing systems be stored in an increased number of elements and the size of the system. system development polarity at the change of all processes of the system in hours, turning in small, yak and structural transformations of the types Lower Rivnya(Simple) to viscous (folding).
Be-like the serpent has its own reason. This is the reason є the manifestation of the problem, or wipe it out, which will create a crisis, and the wine, in our own house, is the basis for a new development.
Law of development per hour - history. The law of dialectics is to say that if the system cannot be invisible, it’s not just the wine, it’s functional, it’s developing, it’s ale і guine, so that it’s a system that has its own life cycle. The life cycle is the period of the hour, in any system of wine, the function, and at the same time, it reduces the efficiency of the function (old) and changes. It was an hour that the understanding of the life cycle began to interfere with the regularity of history - an hour with an unequal characteristic of the system, so the skin system is historical. As for biological and social systems, it is easy to put the butt of the formation, development, backward and death (bending), then for specific types of development of organizational systems and folding technical complexes, it is important
- 1. Establishing companies, core employees, do not expect to think about those who, through the singing period of an hour, the efficiency of the operation to the utmost and will be required changes in the strategy as well as management tactics.
- 2. Managers do not want to think about those companies that have been crushed by them, or because they are morally and physically stale and cannot be satisfied with their functions.
- 3. Organizational quirks are based on the fact that the information system, in which the styles of the values are invested, are morally and physically old and replace. That is, with the introduction of the information system, we went approximately in the middle of the “life cycle” to work on the development of the concept and the formulation of a technical project for the design of the offensive circuit of the information system.
In an hour, the failures and cores are more and more fixed to understand the need to maintain the regularity of the history of systems in the case of pre-development, modeling, design and management.
The law of irregular development and mismatched rates of displaying the functions of the system elements. The more foldable the system, the more unreasonable development of the warehouses. In the process of functioning, or development of a great and folding system, elements (or components), display their local functions according to the speed of development. It is a fact that it is natural to make the function of young elements to the point of disrepair, which, in its turn, creates a threat to the functional disrepair of the robot and the integrity of the system, as well as the disorganization of the whole system to the end.
For example, with the development of informatization new species For the performance of the winery, the need for a change in the functional conditions of sportsmen. Introduce any innovations to produce until the need for a change in functional connections.
The law of advancing the level of ideality. Such a pattern in development is based on the improvement of specific characteristics. Understanding the "ideal system" is two important ones. Perche is a universal understanding of the system, like being victorious in all the galuzy of scientific knowledge and making the characteristic of the ideal. Inshe - "Idealne" - to be referred to the philosophical category, which means that more material light based on ideal models (ideas, images). Ideal images emerge and are formed in the process of creative activity of people, such as being put to material light, that is, activity, constructiveness, directing thoughts on the new, vibrational activity.
To the understanding of the "ideal system" є to the main understandings in the theory of the development of wine-making factories, which is based on the basic laws of the development of technology (the law of human development from technical systems and the law of transition from macro to micro systems).
For example, the creator of the superbly effective theory of the development of wines G. S. Altshuller form the "ideal technical system" as a system, "... as nibito is dumb, but the function of, tobto tse system, in the yaky wha, obsyag and the area to be reduced to zero, I want the goodness of the robot not to change. "
In the suspended sciences, the motivation for ideal systems is to be problematic, since the skin suspicious formulation of its own manifestation of good, evil and justice in the quality of ideals in the presence of people in suspension.
convergence means convergence, closeness, interconnection, interpenetration between systems and small items all the middle one system.
The law of internal system and intersystem convergence. In economic systems, convergence can be promoted as a result of similar social and economic processes and developments in the lands of the world. The theory of convergence is based on the hypothesis of the possibility of establishing a "hybrid, changeable economic system" on the basis of interconnection of two economic systems - capitalism and technology
For the sake of the hypothesis of convergence "One Industrial Suspension", there will be no shortages of capital and social systems.
In the minds of modern minds, the term “convergence” is victorious in the description of integrated processes in the social and economic space. The basis of these processes is based on foreign trends and ideas scientific and technicalі social and economic progress і burhlivy development information technologies... The stench will summarize the convergence of economies of an increasing number of countries while saving their national features.
Yeshbi U. R. Introduction to cybernetics. M .: Foreign Literature, 1959.
Federal Mitna Service
State Religious Institution
All the professional education
"Russian Mitna Academy"
Vladivostotskiy philia
An essay on the topic “Orderliness. Chaos. Zrostannya entropia "
visonali students
121 groupies: Ilyin D.,
A.
reversing:
Pugach P.A.
Vladivostok 2010
1. Introduction ............................................... ...................... .. 3
2. Ordering ............................................... ............. 4
3. Chaos ............................................... .................................................. ..... 5
4. Development of the center .............................................. ........ 7
5. Visnovok ............................................... ................... .. nine
6. List of Literature .............................................. ........... ten
Entry
All natural processes are supervised by the development of the center of the All-Union; This firmness is often called the principle of entropy. Also, the energy characterizes the mind, when you store energy: how the energy is stored at high temperatures, the energy level is altogether low, and the quality, navpaki, is high. On the other hand, if the very amount of energy is stored at low temperatures, then the energy, tied to the price of energy, is great, and the quality is low.
Zrostannya entropia є characteristic familiar natural processes and changes in energy storage at ever lower temperatures. Similarly, it is possible to say that the natural processes of the worm are characterized by a decrease in the quality of energy.
This is also the smallest link between energy and energy, which characterizes the energy storage and energy consumption, which is great. practical value... The first ear of thermodynamics is sturdzhu, but the energy of the isolated system (and, perhaps, of all the whole world) will become permanent. To that, burning Vykopne palyvo - vugilla, naphtha, uranium - it is not a change of energy reserves. At the same time, there is a sense of an energetic crisis in the sick, so as the energy in the world will become invisible. However, they burned me with a lot of oil and a drop of naphtha, and a lot of entropy light, some of all the named processes are mimic. Let it be done to reduce the quality of energy to Vsesvita. Oskіlki in the promiscuous suspension of the process of victorious resources in quickly accelerate, then the entropy of Vsesvit is unrepentantly growing. It is necessary to pragmatically direct the development of civilization along the path of reducing the level of energy production and saving energy.
orderly
Order is a characteristic of the structure, which means the steps of mutual narrowness and elements. One hundred percent up to the social-cognitive system, the characteristics of the order of appearance are of a high level of structured knowledge in the context of a concrete-historical system and rationalism.
Understanding the development of inanimate and animate nature is seen as an irreversible change in the structure of objects in nature, some structure is displayed as the structure of the organization of matter.
The structure is the center of the internal organization of the system, as the connection between the warehouse system of elements, which is the beginning of the beginning of the whole and of the special features. The structure of the initial ordering of the elements of the object. Elements є be-like appearances, processes, as well as be-like power and kindness, be in any kind of interconnection and relationship one to one.
Structure є the ordering (composition) of elements, how to take (invariably) changes (re-transformation).
Order is a very simple way of connecting elements, which is necessary for their interaction within the framework of an internally dismembered system of integral character.
It’s a great power - it’s a great strength, so there’s a reason to be saved in the winter. However, it is in order to take revenge on the singular dynamism, around the time of the moment, є the process of progression in the hour and in the vastness of the new powers of the elements.
The order is a general, clearly singular and generic order of the internal systems between the subsystems of the same systems. The understanding of the "organization level" on the view of the "structure" includes, in addition, the manifestation of the change of structures and end dates in the course of the historical development of the system at the moment of the decision. At that time, the structure can be changed and you don’t depend on the character, the change in the organization becomes a necessary order. Systems that have reached the general level of organizing and how to create a structure, build up the building of information in order to manage, for additional management, to preserve the unimportant
chaos
Etymology of the understanding "chaos".
The chaos, the witness, was left behind in the ancient Greek philosophy, the tragic image of cosmic primitiveness, the ear and end of the world, the death of all living things is vital, and at once the principle and every development, without orderly
Chaos (Greek Cháos, from cháino - to open up, vivergє), in ancient Greek mythology, the pohatkova masa is infinite, for which it has done everything for a year. The portable sensei has no frame of mind, a rogue.
Physics, chemists, biologists, mathematicians, engineering and inn. Some presenters are specializing in systems that detect turbulence, which are importantly described and have a vague character, that is, I may be right with disorder. However, there are skeptics here. Mathematicians seem to think that the theoretical methods of inculcating chaos are not rigorous, based on inappropriate models and clutter up the traditional methods of reconverting solutions. Protest the theory of chaos conquered the last and the most of their patrons in the skin great university, or the center of the past. Tsya theory proponu pіdhіd to vivchennya systems, as it is not possible to describe by traditional methods. For bagatokh vchenykh the theory of chaos є in one more way, the revision of even more foldable buildings, like vimagaє of new ideas.
In Newton's hours, I should explain the behavior of the folding system, and behind the addition of the line (to establish a simple direct depletion), to establish a direct proportion between the value given at the input of the system, which As the nobility of all the changes, vvazhayut stinks, and mothers to finish a straining computer, but vrahuvati all unimportantities, then it is possible to model (i.e., describe in mathematical terms) be it a system, I wish it was not a folding one. With the help of the application you can make a prediction of the whole line, wait a minute. The meteorologists were in the middle, thinking that the new supercomputers would make the next construction projects, but wait a minute, they were still pretty good, but it didn’t become that way. Pratsuyuchi over computer models wait, meteorologist from Massachusettsky Technological Institute Edward Lorenz showed that the models of chaotic systems clearly lie in the minds of the cob and the other, albeit unpredictable, changing parameters - in other words, the weather behind its very sutta is chaotic.
In any chaotic system - from a rapid crossing of a giant rychka to the middle size of a saran on an American Middle Sunset - a slightly broken ravine can be brought to a colossal snake. "Even the smallest stump, which has become at the same hour, maybe the system will develop in a different way, as without such a sturgeon," - stverdzhuє Lorenz. Sered among them it was accepted to be called a blizzard. Qia came up with the name Lorenz, if in the lecture, I read it in 1970, put it in front of the rumors intriguing food: it could have been easier for a krill snowstorm to sweep far in the Amazon jungle, to wipe out a tornado in Texas.
The law of truth in chaos:
“Be-like chaotic (brownish) roc to create comprehensible couples. Bet pragnut until glued. Abo, because of the process, in the new there is comprehension and order. Chaos is far away (world and demiadi of svitlovyh rock), but it’s a law. It means we are going to be, or we will be in the new. "
In qih words and polyagaє senses, there are problems - Problems of Vibor.
growth of the entropy
Entropia (Greek. En - in, vseredinu, trope - turn, re-creation) - one of the quantities that characterize the heat station or the system; the world of internal disorder of the system; during all processes that occur in a closed system, entropy or growth (non-reversible processes), or become too late (reversal processes).
To the central understandings of thermodynamics є entropia S. Entropy is the whole function of the stand, the differential from which road we induce heat dS = dQ / T, de Q is the amount of heat, T is the temperature. The entropy of the past honored the tinnia of "tsaritsa-energy" W, її a mysterious dvіynik. Їх behavior in a closed system is rational. Energy in a closed system does not collapse and does not fall. Wonderful and cannot serve as an indicator for changes in the system (W = const). Entropy is gradually developing in every process of transition to a stage. The behavior of the entropy begins with another ear of thermodynamics, or the law of the development of entropy.
Zrostannya entropia is not indiscriminate. Її value in іvnovazі is the maximum. Another law of thermodynamics is the whole law and the principle of choosing, which will intertwine physically realizable become, as it is possible to support or "prepare". The law of zaboronyaє stem of "vichny dvigun of the 2nd kind".
Familiarize another ear (law) of thermodynamics in the formula of the Nimetsian physicist R. Clausius to sound like this: "The warmth does not pass quickly from cold heat to more hot." The Law of Saving and Reinventing Energy (the first ear of thermodynamics), in principle, does not fence in such a transition, but a small amount of energy was saved in the general community.
But in reality, the price does not come up. I give one-sidedness, one-sidedness of over-generation of energy in closed systems and another ear of thermodynamics. To represent the process in the thermodynamics, a new concept "entropia" was introduced. From the beginning, they began to reduce the world to the disorder of the system. More precisely, the formulation of another ear of thermodynamics took the following view: mimic processes in systems that can cause sustained energy, entropy is dependent on growth. physical sense The growth of the entropy is built before it is stored in a singular number of particles of isolized (with continuous energy), the system is not pragmatic to go to the camp with the smallest orderly heap of particles. It is the most simple system of the system, or it is thermodynamic, but it is chaotic when the particles collapse. Maximum entropy means outside the thermodynamic level, which is equivalent to chaos.
However, in connection with the theory of Prigozhin's changes, entropy is not just inappropriate for the system, and I will be let go of being organized. With the singing minds of the entropy
grandfather order.
* Macroscopic standard of this type of thermodynamic system, which is built up from kintsevo-free elements (atoms, molecules), is traditionally characterized by the addition of Boltzmann's entropy (E), statistically rotating other law of thermodynamics:
de: - Boltzmann's post-time, and W - thermodynamic imovity, which is the number of possible micro-states of the system, in addition to which this macro-state can be realized.
visnovok
The law of the development of entropy can be taken away from the great gatherings of particles, but for some molecules of it, it is simply ill-fated to formulate it.
Nutrition is tied with the power in folding systems and the law of growth of the power, give the ability to actively pass through the processes in nature and to start the power in the process.
The law of development of entropy is a part of another law of thermodynamics, which is called a pretext to be called the old way of firmness about the unhappiness of prompting a vichy dvigun of another kind.
List of Literature
1. F.Yu. Siegel. The inevitability of inconsistency. Moscow, "Science", 1984
2. P. Etkins. Order and lack of hands in nature. Translation from the English Yu.G. Rudoy. Moscow, "Mir", 1987
3. D. Leyser. Construct a picture to Vsesvita. Translation from English S.A. Lamzina. Moscow, "Mir", 1988
4. J. Narlikar. Shalena Vsesvit. Translation from English S.V. Budnik. Moscow, "Mir", 1985
In nature and in the support of all central systems of power, there is an internal and orderliness in the house, without which it is uncomfortable to do it. The price is one of the fundamental features of any system and of chaotic powerlessness, attributed to lack of confidence.
The system, which is more large, can be developed, functionally and developed only in an orderly way, so that it rotates, organizes and publishes life. Power in the order of guilt of the Volodia and the state system, and the legal system, and economical system, І be-like suspension as a whole. The cleverness of the process of observational laws is especially important in modern Russian minds.
Along with a number of factors, the order of the suspension systems can be developed at the lower stages of the level of performance, however, they are not in normal conditions, because they want to be in the mini-world not on the basis of the formation of the internal
The ordering of suspension systems is economically, socially, politically (including state-law) and spiritual bases. Protest, it is impossible not to wait with this, but the regulation and order is one of the world's most vital minds of any kind of suspension.
The order of the quiet of these systems can be seen as a heritage of singing regulation, as it is continuously displayed in nature and suspensions. This regulation is actually twofold: spontaneous and svidoma, and the stench is often one of one kind.
If it’s okay to come up with the flow of mimic officials, then it’s an average result of intertwining, overbaptizing and intertwining of all kinds of children - regular repetitions of the same kind, harmonious, etc. - the forces that go along with the testimony and will of people. Apparently, there is a little bit of spontaneous regulation, there are no mutually modifying sub'ects. If, well, navpaki, in order, so why, it is in the middle of the human will, to reach for the additional purposeful operations, the manifestation of the regulation, virobled by a certain social sub-unit.
Svidoma regulation, in its own way, is also not uniform, it is great, dermal conditions are specific. Vona turn, the first for everything, in the order of the quiet social sub'ts of the vile way of life: the people, the spirits of the people, but also to enlighten their behavior with the help of the educators and the installations, in the given way. Here self-regulation is perceived as the most important subject of regulation, the behavior of the sub'ect is strong.
Ale in human support the order of the quiet chi systems of the tsim is not to be drawn. For a long time since the musician himself is of the skin, the orchestra will need a conductor. The reason for such a "conducting" is a kind of kind of regulation, which is meant for organizing the life of the whole "orchestra", so as to form huge systems.
The peculiarity of the aforementioned manifestation of a polyag is in the fact that it is here: in Pershe, the sub'ct and the subject (object) of regulation; in a different way, scho regulating the sub'єct of the viconuє of the func- tional management, taking care of singing interests; Thirdly, in order to do this, it is necessary to provide information about call operations, which are needed for inflow into a given direct at the other warehouses of this system.
As a matter of fact, there is a kind of specific regulation in the form of a specific performance, as it is possible to name socially-functional regulation, interchangeably, in the form of spontaneous regulation, self-regulation
The sense of the intended power of the field, in the first place, in the stabilization of the orderly system, in the protection of life, in the fenced-off in the form of irresistible infusions in the hour-long, vaguely, or in a volatile order. But it’s important to build on the development, dynamism of the suspension system. Along with the nature of the regulatory sub-unit, the nature of the other programs and some of the factors in the social and functional regulation can be brought in on the way in that straight forward, quicker, faster, faster and more difficult
Otzhe, in the principle of the community system and the control over all the different types of ordering. The spontaneous regulation, self-regulation and socially-functional regulation, is poured into such systems one hour, once again, and only one thing. It’s actually the relationship and the intensity of the historical process. Tsia obstavina maє vrahovuvatisya in vivchenni all state and legal action, as well as the very role and mission in the life of the suspension.
There is a need for more, as it is possible to find the possibility of additional regulatory and self-regulatory soil in the organization of quiet messages. Similarly, for example, it should be promoted during the establishment of state-owned partnerships and partnerships, if they have established headquarters rules living organisms, and then they themselves, on self-regulatory ambushes, adjust their behavior to the norms. As a matter of fact, it is more important to be spared in the agreements, if the participants, who obey the principle of freedom of the agreement, should start in the agreement the rules of behavior, which are in the case of others. But in an analogous situation, it is not a change in legal regulation from self-regulation, but it is necessary for the organization of new life.
In huge systems, functional regulation is richly linked to social management. Їх to unite "human nature", by means of directing the system to a predetermined point, conforming to the process of meeting with the learned needs, cost-effective solutions, etc. To navigate in crazy minds, if in social management more and more economical and mathematical methods, calculating technology become more vigorous, huge, "human" factories become more and more virulent.
At the same time, there is also social regulation and social management. It has long been noted that the regulation of suspicious activities is the role of one of the components of social management, the systematic order of the core, organizing, coordination and control, and the management of the process of monitoring the food. The skin cycle of the management process is composed of numerical operations (selection and processing of information about the information, forecasting tendencies, determining the strategy and tactics injected into the new, updating and adopting, regulating in the role of a shearing element and a way of reaching the mark.
Social management will inevitably transfer two-way interconnection of two subsystems without interruption, one of which is keruyuchayu, one - kerovanoy. Keruyucha pidsystem, as the role of the sub'єkta management, is a part of the sub'єkta management, - the core is the pidsystem, as the social object is injected, - xto і it is managed.
In the capacity of the social institution, to the kerovan pidsystem, here there are some members of the suspension, these groups, collectives, education and natural history of the spirit, the general education of the community, the life of the people. Moreover, the leathers from them belong to the class of great changes of society, they are laid down in their own, as a rule, both human and speech components, which, in turn, can be folded for a few and made up of these elements.
According to the essence of the social phenomenon є (sound, in the same sounds), a sub''ct of an organic inflow, a keruyuch pidsystem. The suspensions do not encourage the rigid attachment of some elements to the object, and those - to the sub-control. Those who, in a given specific relationship, are a social object injected, in an old one - an old pov-blooded sub. For example, the missionary and regional organization, being a social object of management from the side of the organisms, at the same hour play the role of an important sub'єkta of management, until all quietly, which is known to be the body.
However, the furnishings, which show the foldability of the nature of social organisms, are not sufficient for being seen in the structure of social management of the entity and sub'ect, but for these changes. It’s just about those who are in the power of the organisms to meet in their power of the Kerovan (as organizing) and the keruyuchoi (organizing) of the subsystems, the building in different situations, in different situations, is in the specific factor, so on , due to the nature of common social connections.
Within the framework of one and the same suspension system elements, it is impossible to serve at once, both keruyuchoi (regulated), and kerovanoi (regulated) by the system.
The history of civilization shows how management in this country can be used for additional singing orders (commands), policy directives, laws, development and so on. In the recent past, in our country, the most characteristic is the management of directives; At the same time, the role of the law and the state in the organization of the living of the suspension was vselyako belittled.
Mіzh team old lands long ago they switched to management racks for additional law, the Law. The same way has achieved the highest results in secure democracy, economy and efficiency in organizing sustainable news. І one of the fundamental buildings of Russia happy stage In the transition to such a management system, the surplus of directive management replaces the order of life for additional law, the Law. The price in the rіvnіy world is applied to all spheres of life of the suspension, which require legal inflow.
It is even more important for mothers to respect, that all suspension systems, as well as inaxe, include specialness in themselves. Tied with them, they are seen for the part of the people, endowed with the will and wit. Lyudin to make a sub-active moment. Nemyslimo zhodne suspіlnі vіdnosini, in which ob'ktivno, naturally it would not be tied with the rank of sub'єktivny, volovim. As soon as the setting up of the furnishings is established, the possibility of controlling the quiet suspension systems is possible. They wouldn’t have a sub-active factor, they would have had some kind of regulation, some would have been a regulatory inflow, they could only work through the witness of people.
Obviously, the relationship of the active (regular) and sub-active (voluntary) moments in the other spheres of the life of the suspension is not the same. Є Let us respect that you also change your attitude towards the corny of the sub-active in the world of the transition from economics to social, from social to political, from political to spiritual. However, it seems that in economics, the least sub'active and the most efficient, and in the spiritual - navpaki are spared. However, so chi inakshe, sub-active, volovy moment є in any kind of suspicious things, including in economical ones, I want here even more concatenation through the revaluation of a natural factor, which will lie in the will of the people.
When suspicious systems are in order, the ability to get involved in offensive methods of social regulation - and in general self-regulation, and in functional regulation. Apparently, for the active role of a specialty in these processes, it is necessary to have a double kind of flexibility, allowing, from one side, to achieve an ear of self-regulation; The specialty, in addition, is in the role of a social regulating object and, moreover, it is important to power, which expands the vibrancy of the energy in the flow.
Self-regulatory and regulatory capabilities of the specialty, as well as the very cleanliness up to the most recent inflow may be deyakі spіlnі roots. Economic independence, positive historical traditions, community support, proper backbone and legal culture, constitutional understanding of natural rights and freedoms, modern backward legal status, democratic political and legal regime regulation, і sprinkling of the regulative inlet zzznі. І navpak, the protection of private power, the view of the understanding of natural (unacceptable) rights and freedoms, the totalitarian regime, low legal culture and legal identity, the negative tradition of the past and the negative environment of the special situation in yaky won won.
Alle є і specific factors, there are also three ways to participate in the ordering of suspension systems. For posilennya samoregulyativnih mozhlivostey vazhlivі, napriklad, garantovanіst nayavnih rights i freedoms zabezpechenіst vikonannya Yurydychna obov'yazkіv, detsentralіzatsіya Vladi, іsnuvannya samovryaduvannya and for regulatory potentsіy - access to upravlіnnya cope suspіlstva, nalezhne viznachennya status keruyuchih pіdsistem, nalagodzhenіst vzaєmodії mіzh them Borotba bureaucracy and corruption, chuinism, etc.
Really, the study of all factors in the development of the role of specialness in the ordering of suspicious varieties is very important for the development in the land of democracy in the scientific and scientific development.