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They are figuratively influenced by the power of folklore. Characteristics of the singularity of folklore. Phenomenon of folklore of that yogo vikhovna meaning

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First of all, I can say that it’s a borderline phenomenon, I’m guilty of being able to do it, but it’s not like that. In front of him, abo tim, scho slid, before the camp of cultural rights. Ale oskіlki tse, in the singing sense, is the antithesis of the foremost, my guilty nobility, the structure of the tsi cultural state. I think, in the singing sense, preparation for the state, as a guilty viplivati, I am guilty of the nobility of power, mind that structural features I’ll become.

Limitality of severity to universality, ale nicoli is not comprehensible; The singing culture is moving away in space and the hour and intrusion into the inner sanctuary itself. The sacra itself carries in itself the signs of a singing, historically formed culture. Because of the fact that there is an interconnection and a sacred myth, which is only one of its manifestations, it is difficult to achieve universality, until the development of specific structural mechanisms, because of the abundance of manifest mental wisdom, as in the case of a common problem.

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1. Folklore - usna narodna tvorchestration. specialties of folklore

Folklore (folk-lore)- international term of the English proclamation, for the first time in science in 1846 was introduced by William Toms. The literal shift means - " People's wisdom"," People's knowledge "and the sign of the development of the people's spiritual culture.

In many cultures, there is a crisis of nationality, statutory dosage, a whore and death of a bully by the ritual of innovation, and an occasional crisis, well connected with the accessibility and problems of the nuclear system, symbolism, especially in this world, in such a stench can represent the "turn of the repressed". A Jungian, whose therapy spirals on the interpretation of symbols, vikinutyh from the "collective hateful" under the grip of the growth of a crisis, you can evolve in everybody with ritual and crises, which are known in the primitive procedures of antiquity.

The Russian science has established and іnshі terms: folk poetry, folk poetry, folk literature. I will call "the creativity of the people asleep" to foster the sleepy character of folklore in its awareness of written literature. Name " folk poetry"Ordering on the artistry as a sign, for what is seen folklore tvir in veruvan, sounds and rituals. artistic creativity and artistic literature.

Jung himself uncompromisingly declares that the myth is the price for all psychic manifestations that represent the nature of the psyche. All myths, tied with the manifestations of nature, such as summer and winter, phases of misfortune and boards of time, are madly not alegories of those who are active, but the stench is not guilty; natural phenomena... Shvidshe, the stench є symbolic virases of the inner and unrecognizable psyche, as it becomes available for human projection, to be seen in the background of nature.

folklore- foldable, synthetic mistress. It is not easy to admire elements of different kinds of art in his works - verbal, musical, theatrical. Yogo vivchayut development of science - history, psychology, sociology, ethnology (ethnography) 2. There is a lot of dressing with folk wickedness and rituals. Not only did the first Russian days go to folklore broadly, they did not write down only verbal masterpieces, but they didn’t just pick up the ethnographic details and realities of the village’s pobutu. With such a rank, vivchennya folklore became for them a kind of national science area.

A direct psychogenic explanation of the myth will shut out the culture, be it a form of role in symbolism. There is also a victorious intellectual development of psychogenic explanation, which is not grasped by the current Levi-Strauss, who can see these myths and the most relational manifestations, the mechanism of thinking, yes, access to ideas. Myth “to communicate to the mind and to the vimogam to the point of reacting, and the way, in the way, in the way, in the hope of being satisfied, in the first place of the intellectual”. Levi-Strauss is known in the primitive religious manifestations of "the appearance of logic, so that for the help of the binary misconceptions and for the first manifestations of symbolism"; and in metaphors, as the role in myth is important, it is to know "the primary form of discourse thought."

Science, schho vivchaє folklore, be called folkloristic... As far as literary intelligence is concerned, it is not only the writing of artistic creativity, but the verbal mystery of art, then folklore is a special kind of literature, and folklore, in such a rank, is part of literary knowledge.

folklore- tse verbally asleep creativity. Youmu lured by the power of the master of the word. Tsim vin is close to the literature. At the same time, it has its own specific features: syncretism, tradition, anonymity, variability and empowerment.

His emphasis is to be afraid of everything on the "logic of opposition and correlation, vignation and inclusion, confusion and incomprehension", as for the new "explain the laws of association", known in the mythical and ritual disc symbolics. If Levi-Strauss analyzes the myth, the head of the meta is to show the suvor the structure of the logic behind the symbolic and chimeric veil.

Glibinny psychologists in the zagal could have made peace with the rivalry on the logics in the whole region; It stinks, but in an unrecognizable misnomer, it’s logical to think that it’s impossible to think of one and one in one situation, at that time it’s like a symbol can be a mother of crazy references. Pareto's henchmen were also used, but illogical or inappropriate symbols of guilt are seen from logical symbols, class, members of which will recognize both the form, and semantic content from the processes of typical and cultural logical symbols are conceived in the mind of a rose, the Pallas Bouv images in the head of Zeus.

Reconsideration of the debate on folklore appeared in the primordial communal way with a cob of formulation of mystery. The old mystery of the word Bula is powerful utilization - practicality to pour into nature and human rights.

Found folklore is known in syncretic stanі (from the Greek word synkretismos - z'єднання). Syncretic camp - the camp of independence, indivisibility. Mystery still did not come from the other types of spiritual activity, but disappeared in the past from the other types of spiritual witness. Behind the camp of syncretism, the vision of artistic creativity at the same time with different views suspicious properties in the self-consciousness of spiritual virtue.

Illegal symbols є hostility to the evidence of specific or subliminal factors. Such symbols can be seen as objects of representation, and from them richly logical symbols can be rendered away by the path of abstraction. Ale the stench of not being born of witness and not being interconnected with oneself in terms of the rules of logic. A lot of mythical and ritual symbols can be attributed to the class of illogical symbols, and it cannot be analyzed in such a way as if the stench would be cherished by the rules of logic.

Culturna dynamika ritual

A lot of dilemmas can be viral, as well as cultural dynamism of the ritual to return the point. Here we know more, less sense of both holy and sacred. At the border stage of rituals, we know not only sacred, but the most sacred. I, as it is not paradoxical, here we know the very people, really, ail-people. Dawn, mi viyavlyamo on the whole stage of the general consolidation of ideas and symbols in the body of people and their somatic processes. It’s just a matter of looking at it, or a microsite to Vsesvit.

Folklore create anonymous. Oh, the author is the people. Be-like they set up on the basis of tradition. It's time V.G. Bulinsky wrote about the specifics of folklore: there are no "famous people, so the author of the literature is the head of the people. I do not know what kind of simplicity and new ideas, in which the nature and nature of the life of the people are very popular. singing from birth to generation, from generation to generation, and changing in an hour: shorten it, then push it, then recycle, then get it from the last song, then fold it for the last time eat, as you can call yourself only the people by the author. "

The price is a metaphor for a model, as the best and most illustrious of all the profane types of laws - nature, culture, suspension and thought. In the light of the light sphere, wanting in the diversified functional spirits, there is a chain of non-religious ideas and images, a corny and rational, leading to the classification of phenomena of nature and processes, such as This is a rational categorization of reality, allowing human spirits to efficiently cope with the problems of rejecting food and creating a large-scale order.

Academician D.S. is madly right. Likhachov, which by the way, the author in the folklore creation is not only because of the fact that it is about the new one, that is, what is it about the poetry of the folklore; wine is not required from the point of view of the structure. Folklore creations can have a visonavets, an opover, a storyteller, or even an author, an author of an element of the most artistic structure.

Cyclassification "overflows" in the sacred kingdom and is especially manifested at stages of the subtlety and aggregation of the ritual, in which sacred man, so bi-movement, reconcile with the profane, de two spheres of wickedness. But in the boundary phase of the sub and the same instructions in the gnostic sapperry, they overwhelm the illogical and biopsychic methods of targeting and doing. Behavior in such phases is “natural with such speeches, like a stench є, and not with speeches, like a stink of guilt”.

At the threshold period, the bachimo naked, unfeigned people, whose illogical characterizes the different forms of behavior: ruinous, creative, farcical, ironic, energetic, sticky, alarming, inappropriate, One class of myths, which is a kidnap in the development of many aspects of mitigation, is a widespread extension of the message about deception. Significant scientific literature has accumulated for brekhuniv. The Greek god Hermes, the Norwegian god Loki, the Yoruba deity Yeshu-Elegba, Von Legba, the deceiver Winnebago Vakdzhungaga and the rich and the best are known to them.

The tradition is the decline in the number of great historical advances - the whole of the capital. For the words of Academician A.A. Potebny, folklore vinikak "from the memory of the dzherel, i.e. spiral into the middle, repeat, change, add the text to the creator. In literature, he is a writer and a reader, and in folklore, a viconavets and a listener. "On the creations of folklore, you should lay a seal for the hour of that middle-class, in which stench they lived for a trivial hour, or they were" hung around. " Folklore is popular for zmist - that is, for thoughts and feelings, in a new twist. Folklore for folk and style - that is, for the form of transmission of folklore. by the power of traditional figurative wisdom and traditional style forms. " Tradition is more specific and more specific to the power of folklore.

Priyomi is clearly leading. If there are problems, and also there are changes and transitions. In sparsely similar terms, Hermes, as the messenger of the gods, the inhabitants of the cross, open the huge masses and doors, open the dressings for the trade. Win is an unbreakable child, kindly enlivened by the forces of nature and instinct. In most of the oshukants є non-meanings, sexual status: in the early mythical vypadki Loki and Vaddyungag were transformed into a woman, at that time Yak Hermes was often represented in sculptures as a hermaphrodite.

Be-like folklore tvir will hang out in a great number of options. Variant (Latin Variantis - minlivy) - kozhne new vikonannya folklore. Usn_ create a crumbling variable nature.

2. Characteristics of particularities of folklore

A characteristic feature of folklore є іmprovizatsіya. Vona bezposeredno tied to the variance of the text. Improvision (іт. Improvvisazione - not transferred, rapt) - the root of the folklore creation of any part without the middle in the process of visonannya. Given the particularity of a larger world, it is characteristic of voices and laments. However, the improvisation did not contradict the traditions and exceeded the singing artistic framework.

There are a lot of stories about tricks - a lot of scatological and coprophagic epizodes, which are also illustrative, which Wescott called "the catabolic nature of a deceiver." The trickster is flexible and ambiguous. For example, the myth about Yesha will describe you as a primordial and as a nation, as an old and as a child. In the cich chotiroh roles of a luddin, invoke the freedom of the people in the social code.

Some of the risks attributed to cunning, include: combinations of black-and-white symbolism, aggression, revenge, marnoslaw, disobedience to vlady, volition, indivisibility, lack of value in growth, destructiveness, result

I will look at all the signs of folklore, prompted by a borderline short of folklore, given by V.P. Anikina: "folklore is the main traditional artistic creativity of the people. imaginative mystery, Yak up old-fashioned creativity, So і before the new, established in the new hour and create in our days. "

The intermixture of the day may have an antinomic character. Stink to behave in such a way, as if there is no sense of social moral norms for their establishment. Self-sacrifice, whim and spontaneously. In the call of the most sensible from Eliade, the stench of "anti-profanity" should be included in the rest of the understanding of the moral and legal order. However, I want and absolutely іnshi, the stench is well known to people, it is hot, so as the stench represent those who are skinny at the same time wanting bi zrobiti. Oskilki їkh energії did not know the change or not the channels, the stench є above the above, and the surplus has become a dzherel of new speeches and іstot.

Folklore, like literature, is a mystery of the word. Tse is given by vikoristovuvati literary terms: epos, lyrica, drama. Їх is accepted by nazivati curtains. Kozhen born will love a group of singing type. Genre is a type of artistic form (kazka, song, admission, etc.). Tse Bolsh Vuzka Group of Creations, Nizh Rid. In such a rank, people by birth rely on respect for the way of depicting action, for genre - a type of artistic form. The history of folklore is the history of the genre. The stench in folklore may be more stylistic, in the context of literature, genres of cordon in the literature of the wider. New genres of form in folklore are not due to the creative activity of individuals, such as in literature, but to be guilty of being educated by all the participants in the collective creative process. This cannot be seen without the necessary historical documents. The genre in folklore is at the same time. Smells come out, grow and rise, be replaced by others. So, for example, bilini are found in Old Russia, Growing up in the middle of the century, and in the XIX century, step-by-step, start to fall back on and rise. In the wake of the wits of the minds, the genre is rattled and forgotten. It’s impossible to tell about the fall of the folk art. Zmini in the genre warehouse of folklore is a natural heritage of the process of development of collective artistic creativity.

The stench is a sira, lacking in wood and collective strength, unassigned, undeveloped and in power in the old world, polymorphic libido and aggression. It is true that in some cycles of myths about deception, more ideas describe the structure of the life and performance of the trickster: to befriend, to settle, many children, to order disputes, etc. Ale here is a nagadu of an initiator, which is overlapping a littered stage and once again “aggregated” into a suspension. If the threshold is not passed, the character will know how to transfer it from the point of view of the norms and classification of the society.

3. genre folklore

Folklore for its character, wickedness and attributions, very democratic, fair folk mystery... Yogo vіdrіznyaє is not only the idea of glibin, but rather a lot of artistic brightness. People's poetry is based on a unique artistic system of imaginative methods and genres.

The process of inter-structural transition has been completed. Creative chaos becomes the cosmos. At the same time, win the winners of seeing, that the human cultural order - the whole family has grown over a large, over-human order, the local people, which are available only to the family, to start a new career in the disciplines of taking self-esteem and self-denial and their knowledge of the absolute authority of their instructors play for a new reference gnosis.

A whole set of borderline ties with an absolutely different type of mythology, one that is represented by trickster cycles. Every type should be like this creative artsі spіvi, yak vreyska generation, walnutska theogony, zoroastrian, gnostic and Mandean cosmogonies, cosmology Fon, Maya-Maya Popul Vukha, Norwegian old іdda і Hawaiian tune of creation, Same stage chaos becoming a cosmos bagatokh vimiriv and rivniv; Most of them are also able to discern the fact that sin and death have come to the saints, and the smell of theodicy will be unheard of.

What is the genre of Russian folklore?

One of the types of creativity found Bully Trudov пісні with the simplest commands, whigs, signals, which are given along the course of the robot.

Calendar folklore is spoken about the urgent practical goals of people. Win bouv of dressings with representations about the traditional Silk-Gospodar cycle and with change natural minds... People poghnuli diznatisya maybutnє, to that they went to the aid of the old, they talked about coming for signs.

Tsim, however, explains himself as a great folklore. Winning a thought about the safety of the motherland and family, insurance for affection in front of them to the denunciations of their patrons.

Preserved for a long time і okremі elements childish folklore, Yaky change for the better in addition to the aesthetic and pedagogical functions.

Among the found genres are funeral voices. With the appearance of a foreign service, the winners were mourned for service - a recruiting honor.

The genre of non-ritual folklore may have evolved along with syncretism. Until new, small folklore genres (paremies): listen, bastard, take note of the orders... Smells avenged the judgment of the people about the device of life, about the pratsyu, about the natural forces, about the people’s help. “There is a great area of moral assessments and sujen, like life, like living children, like shanuvating ancestors, thoughts about the need to follow the instructions and applications, and the life rules of behavior.

To the genres of usnoy prose rekazy, bouvalais, bilichki, legend. The price of history and vistas of life, how to tell about the development of people with the characters of Russian demonology - chakluns, witnesses, mermaids, etc. in order.

Genri of the pisennogo eposu : Bilini, historical paintings, modern paintings, spiritual paintings and verses.

Proceeding folklore comes from side-by-side functions and elements of art. In new age, the role of an artist's ear. As a result of the historical evolution, folklore has become poetic in its main and basic qualities, having transformed in its own tradition all the previous stanis of folklore.

Artistic creativity is involved in all types of kazoks: kazkah pro tvarin, char_vnykh, pobutovykh.

This kind of creativity of ideas and in riddles.

Before the early types of artistic creativity, they are introduced and baladi.

Lyric paintings can also be an artist's function. Smell vikonuyutsya pose of rituals. The zmіst і form of lyric dogs tied with viraz the experience and feeling of the viconavts.

Before the artistic and artistic folklore, the new formations, the present, the witnesses romance and parts.

Childish folklore has its own system of genres, specialties of children. There are no artistic and pedagogical functions. At the new age, they are picking up a corn on the cob.

The artist of the species theatrical basis is to take revenge on the folklore of the species and the folklore theater. Win performances in all genres and types of genres (igri, row, nativity scene, paradise, lyalkovy vistavi and in.).

Okremiy rid artistic uyavleniyu so-called fair folklore. Viniks from fair yavlen, viguks of merchants, booths, jokes, jokes and folk dressings.

The genre has developed on the stick of the old traditions of folklore and new culture anecdote.

Report on okremia folklore genres will be found in the next section of the owner.

4. From the history of Russian folklore

The science of Russian folklore began to appear in the 30-40s of the 19th century. Persh for all the books of Professor of Moscow University І.М. Snegirova "Russian common people saints and special rituals" in some parts (1837-1839), "Russian folk attitudes and parables" (1848).

Central materials to revenge the books of the vcheny-folklorist I.P. Sakharov "The Tale of the Russian People about the Life of Their Ancestors" (in two volumes, 1836 and 1839 rock), "Russian folk Kazakhs" (1841).

Gradually, a wide community of stakes were included in the robot based on folklore. In 1845, the Imperatorska Russian Geographical Partnership was sent to St. Petersburg in 1845. In the new building of ethnography, actively engaged in the collection of folklore in the Russian provinces. From the unchanged correspondents (from the village and from the townspeople, teachers, students, clergy and villagers) came to the Supremacy of numerical records Usnih creatures, They made a great archiv. Piznish is rich in the archive of the bulo published in the "Notes of the Russian geographic partnership on the basis of ethnography ". And in Moscow in the 60s and 70s, folklore was seen by the" Association of lovers of Russian literature. "

In the 30s and 40s, P.V. Kireevsky і th friend sings N.M. The mov was widely flashed and chanted by the Russian folk epic and lyric songs (bilin, historical songs, Pisen of ritual and non-ritual, spiritual verses). Kireevsky got the materials to the next level, however, the imminent death did not allow him to re-envision. During this life, Ediniy Zbirnik viyshov: spiritual virshi. "Pisni, Zibrani by P.V. Kireevsky" was first published only in the 60s and 70s of the 19th century (bilini and historical paintings, so called "old gray") and in the 20th century (written outside the ritual " ).

In the 30s and 40s, the rock was very active in V.I. Dahl. In writing down the creation of Russian genres of Russian folklore, however, as a presenter of the "living great Russian movement" rocky came Dahl's zbirka "To the Russian people". All the texts for now were grouped according to the thematic principle, which made it possible to objectively present the information to the people before the new life. The tse has transformed the collection of the priest into a reference book of folk wisdom.

The zbirka of A.N. Afanasyev "The People's Russian Cossacks", as a great collector's addition, also entered Dal, which gave Afanasyev about a thousand Kazoks recorded by him.

Zbirnik Afanas'eva vihodiv in 8 issues from 1855 to 1863 rik. Kazok, recorded by Afanasyevim himself, three more than a dozen, mainly in the archives of the Russian Geographical Association, special archives V.I. Dahl, P.I. Yakushkina and іnshikh zbіrіchіv, as well as materials from old-time manuscripts and deyakіkіh drukovanіkh zbіrnikіv. The first time I saw it, it was published only short material... Approximately 600 texts of the collection have amassed the great geographic space: the place of residence of Russians, as well as partly of Ukrainian and Bilorussians.

Look at the lights of the house of Afanasyev, a wide, suspicious view. Great victories by A.N. Pipin, F.I. Buslaev, A.A. Kotlyarevsky, І.І. Sreznevsky, O.F. Miller; in the journal "Sovremennik" a positive assessment was given by N.A. Dobrolyubov.

Formerly, fighting against Russian censorship, Afanasyev was seen in the distance in London, the collection of "The People's Russian Legends" (1859) and anonymous in Geneva in 1872, the collection of the Kazakh "Russian Notes".

Zbirnik Afanas'va in chastkovo shifting to the іrzemnі movi, And on nіmetskiy translations povnіstu. Russia has a showcase of 7 new views.

From 1860 to 1862 rik, one hour after the first sightings of the collection of Afanasyev, viyshov at the collection of І.A. Khudyakov "Great Russian Cossacks". New tendencies visloviv zbirnik D.N. Sadovnikov's "Kazki and Perekazi Samara region" (1884). Sadivnikiv is the first one, having turned the saw to respect for a well-talented Kazkar and having written down his repertoire. There are 183 Cossacks of the collection of 72 boules recorded from Abram Novopoltsev.

In the middle of the 19th century, in the history of the creation of Russian folklore, there was a common theme: in the Olonets Territory, the Bilin tradition was actively alive. We will persist in the post of hanging in 1859 for political activity in Petrozavodsk P.M. Ribnikov. Pratsuyuchi as an official in the governor's office, Ribnikov became koristuvatisya service roses for zbirannya bilin. With a sweep of decisive rocky winnings, they gained a great territory and wrote down a great number of bilinas and other creations of the folk poetry. Zbirach pratsyuvav with noticeable alerts T.G. Ryabininim, A.P. Sorokinim, V.P. Shchegolenkom and іn.

In 1861-1867, the rocky came into being in the light of chotiritom, the vision of "Pisni, Zibrani by P.N. Ribnikov", prepared before P.A. Bessonov (1 і 2 vols.), Samim Ribnikova (3 vols.) І O. Miller (4 vols.). Until now, 224 records of bilins, historical pisen, balad were gone. Material of the brochure on the basis of the plot principle. In the 3rd volume (1864 ric) Ribnikov overruled "Zamitka zbiracha", in the course of the epic tradition in Prionezhie, giving a number of characteristics to viconauts, supplying food about the creative editors of the bili and about the peculiarities of the introduction of the Cossacks.

With the slides of Ribnikov in 1871, to the Olonets Governorate, the words of Slavist A.F. Hilferding. In two months of wines, he heard 70 spins and wrote down 318 bilins (the manuscript was added more than 2000 pages). In 1872, Hilferding once again went to the Olonets Territory. On the way, he was seriously ill and died.

Through the rik of death of a picker, boules published "Onega bilini, written down by Oleksandr Fedorovich Gilferding in 1871. Two portraits of Onega rhapsodes and weaved bilin" (1873). Hilferding for the first time zasosuvav method of vivchennya repertoire of okremikh kazoks. Bilini in the zbіrnik vіn roztashuvav on kazok, s donated biographical evidence... In the background of the introductory statute, the remainder of the journal publication of Hilferding is included. Olonets provinceі її People's Rhapsody ".

The 60-70s of the 19th century were presented for the Russian folklore studies by a reference to the selection of the nationality. The Tsі Roki have entered the world of the most recent publications of genres: kazok, bilin, prisliv, riddles, spiritual verses, snakes, voices, ceremonial and extra-ordinary song.

On the ear of the 20th century, the robot was tricked into picking and publishing folklore. In 1908, Zbirnik N.Є. Onchukova "Pivnichny Kazki" - 303 Cossacks from the Olonets and Arkhangelsk provinces. Onchukov roztashuvav material not for the plots, but for the Kazakhs, having grafted their biography and characteristics. On the basis of this principle, they began to adapt and form.

In 1914, in Petrograd, a bulwark was published by D.K. Zelenina "Great Russian Cossacks of the Perm province". Until now, 110 kazoks have gone down. Zbirnik filed the stattya Zelenin "About the Cossack and the Cossacks of the Yekaterinburg district of the Perm province". They have characterized types of Kazakhs. Material of the collection of distributions for the viconauts.

The collection of brothers B.M. і Yu.M. Sokolovikh "Cossacks and pictures of the Bilozersk region" (1915). Until now, 163 Kazakh text has gone down. The accuracy of the record can be used as a visual aid for the occasional pick. Collection of warehouses for materials from the expeditions of 1908 and 1909 in the Belozersk and Kirilov provinces of the Novgorod province. Wine of safety with a bagatim scientific apparatus. Later, the offended brothers became vіdomimi vchenyi-folklorists.

In such a rank, in the 19th-ear of the 20th century, the great material and the main classical views of the Russian usny folk creativity appeared. There is little colossal significance both for science and for all Russian culture. In 1875, the writer P.I. Melnikov-Pechersky in the list before P.V. Shayna, describing the meaning of the pratsi folklorists-zbirachiv as follows:

"In the continuation of the fourth century, I traveled a lot across Russia, richly writing down a song, a saying, everything was too great. I t. P., Ale I would not step, I didn’t bother the deceased Dal and Kireevsky, do not bother your forefathers at Bodyansky, forerunner L. Maikov, Maksimov і - so the Lord in the nadra of Abraham will pacify the soul of yogo - Yakushkin.<...>Bjoli vi, not murahi - your honey zbirati on the right, boil our honey (hudromel) on the right. If it weren't for you, we would have brewed yaky kvass, not honey.<...>Do not pass the second century, as the people will take advantage of the old days of our past, the old Russian picnics, to lock up, or to sing along with the tavern and shinkar civilization, until your work until the end of the day See us. "

In the first ten years of the XX century, Russian folklore studies have left themselves as a science discipline, having emerged from the other sciences (ethnology, cultural knowledge, literary knowledge).

In 1926-1928 the brothers B.M. і Yu.M. Sokolov. The materials of the bully's expedition were published in 1948. The records of the Bilin 1926-1933 rocky from the book of the Manuscript Store of the Folklore Comic at the Institute of Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR were sent to the house of A.M. Astakhovo "Bilini Pivnochi". Zbirannya bilin was trivial at war and war rock. The materials of three expeditions to Pechora (1942, 1955 and 1956 rock) have put together the volume "Bilini Pechory and the Winter Coast".

There was a lot of new recordings of kazoks, pisen, parts, works of non-fairy-tale prose, adjectives, riddles too. At the sight of new materials, having mastered, in Perche, genres, and in a different way, the regional principle. Zbirniki who represent the repertoire of any region, as a rule, were formed from one or not close genres.

Workers' folklore, the folklore of hard labor and perseverance were taken directly from the workers. Hromadyanska i Velika Vitchiznyana viyni they also overshadowed their track in the folk journey, but they didn’t pass the respect of the zbirachiv.

Bully perevidanі classic collection of Russian folklore: collection of kazoks O.M. Afanasyev, I.A. Khudyakova, D.K. Zelenina, V.I. Dahl, collection of riddles by D.N. Sadovnikova і ін. Formerly published rich materials in the old folklore archives. I see a lot of serii. Among them are "Memories of Russian Folklore" (Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskiy Budynok) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St.

Explore the center of the philological vivchennya of Russian folklore, with its archives and periodicals. Central State Republican Center of Russian Folklore in Moscow (publication magazine "Zhiva Starovina"), sector of Russian folk art, Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin Budinka) Russian Academy Sciences in St. Petersburg (scholar "Russian folklore: Materials and sovereign university im. M.V. Lomonosov (collection of "Folklore as a mystery of words"), as well as regional and regional folklore centers with archives and views ("Siberian folklore", "Folklore of the Urals", "Folklore of the people of Russia" andin. In vivchenna folklore, one of the provincial loans of the Saratov School of Folklore, the history of which is linked to the names of Professor of Moscow University S.P. Shevirova, poet-poet N.G. Tsiganova, A.F. Leopoldov, member of the Saratov Scientific Archive Committee O.M. Мінх; zgodom - professors of the Saratov State University - B.M. Sokolova, V.V. Bush, A.P. Skaftimova. A great contribution to folklore at the vivchennya was made by Professor T.M. Akimova and V.K. Arkhangelska.

5. folklore vocabulary

Alegoria - for the strength of the poetic variety.

Animizm - overpowering the soul of objects and manifestations of nature.

Anecdote - douzhe little answer with kumedny, smitny zmіst і unsupported by the old end; the parable is free and humorous.

The anonymity of folklore creations is directed to those who do not smell the author, and the collective is the creator.

The antithesis is a prototype, rubbing, stylistic figure, based on a set or contrasting contrast to understand images.

Anthropomorphism - likening people, overpowering human powers of objects and manifestations inanimate nature, heavenly til, Tvarin, mythical institutes.

The apotheosis is the urochist glorification, the magnification of any manifestation.

Archetype is a symbolic formula, prototype, praform.

The aphorism is a zagalnyucha thought, twisted in a laconic, artistic form.

Bike - in a short story, more often than not, guessing answers.

The tale is a short alegorical, more general verse, a comic explanation in prose and verses, a verse, a parable, a general announcement in an allegorical sense.

Bahar is an old Russian Kazkar (balakun, opovidach).

Wandering plots - moving from one land to the other, from one people - to the other.

Bilini are heroic paintings, as they were victorious as the history of the history of the Russian people in the era of Kiev Rus.

Bilinniy virsh - folk virshuvannya of the Russian usnoy folk journey.

Bilichki - usnі raspovіdі about plants with fantastic іstots: Budinkovy, lisovik, watery and іn.

Option - kozhne new vikonannya to folklore.

Variety is a change on the traditional basis of plot themes, motives, situations, images.

Great songs is a genre of ritual folklore. They were famous for yak okremi individuals, as well as the collective.

Version - a group of options, which give a completely new interpretation of folklore.

The vertep is a type of the folk lyalka theater, designated for the presentation of the Evangel story about the people in the cavern of Jesus Christ.

Vesnyanka - Russian rituals of the spring, tied with a magical rite of conjuring spring.

Voplenitsi (mourners) - vikonavitsya voice.

Genesis - pokazhennya, viniknennya; the process of illumination and formation of the phenomenon, how to develop.

Hyperbole - overwhelmingly overwhelming the quiet power of an imaged object or a manifestation.

Grotesque is borderline exaggerated, giving the image a fantastic character.

Demonology is a complex of mythological manifestations and warnings about demons of language and Christianity (biceps, chorts, wicked men, mermaids, waterbirds, lisoviks, budinks, letting those minds.)

Childish folklore is a system of genres of folklore, established by grown-ups for children, or by the children themselves, or by those who are suspected by children from the folklore.

Dialogue is, instead, a conversation between two houses and more people in the form of an oral movement.

Drama - rid literary works, Like to look at the theater, and literature.

Genre - type artistic creation; polyagaє in the unity of the power of the compositional structure, its form and change with characteristic plot and stylistic signs.

Growing pictures - calendar pictures, when the rituals were carried out for an hour, as I am growing wild.

The tie is an ear of yakogos dei, podii.

Riddles - a genre of folklore; viraz, scho demand a solution, alegoric, poetic, vidvorennya of an object or a manifestation.

Serpents - word-of-mouth, magic words, which will volodyut chaklunsky or with power.

Conjuration - є synonymous with serpent; in folk uyavlennyah magic words, sounds, like ordering, punishing.

Zaspiv - a cob of a song, an introduction, zooming in a poetic way to the plot.

The beginning is a traditional ear in folk literature, like to bring the listeners to the reception of the plot information.

Zoomorphism - being likened to creatures for the most inviting viglyad.

Ігрові пісні - a genre of ceremonial folklore, based on not only words and music, but also and gri; іgrovе dіu bezposeredno means on the text of the song; without knowledge of the game situation, the text of the song, as a rule, is not intelligent.

Idioma is a moving bell, which cannot be translated into іnshu mova without damaging senseu (biti baidiki, on the right in the chapel).

Imagery work - ways to create action in an artistic creation.

Іmprovizatsіya - the origin of the text of the folklore or the surrounding parts at the time of the vikonannya.

Ініціяція - a rite of patrimonial suspension, which will ensure dedication, transfer to a new group of Vikings.

Allegorical - literary priyom, viraz, to take revenge on one's senses.

Informant, informant - a person who gives information; in folklore: viconavets folk creations, What kind of stench is recorded.

The result is a picture of a bilini, not tied directly to a snake, twisted to the ear, it does not turn around the estimation of bilineas.

Calendar rituals - one of the cycles of folk rituals, dressing with the gospodarskoy activity of the peasantry (with farming, trivialism, ribalism, love, etc.).

Kalyki passages are mandrivniks, pilgrims to the holy Christian monsters and monasteries, who celebrated spiritual verses and legends.

Kolyadka is a folk calendar ritual song, with which the viconauts went around on Christmastide to the inhabitants of the village; the name of the song-carols - after the mythological character of Kolyada, who was catching the ear of new rock.

Kolyaduvannya is a saintly rite of introduction of buddies in groups of participants, as they brought in the gentlemen, in the singing of carols, and were rejected for the price of the wine city.

Contamination is a combination of two or more independent parts in one artistic creation.

Corinthians are the genre of ceremonial poetry, and their significance is the presence of a participant or a group of participants in the ritual.

Kupalski pisnі - pictures, when the calendar rituals were celebrated before the hour of Ivana Kupala (24 chervnya per st. Art.); according to its poetic essence, the head rank, ritual, conjuration, magnificence or lyrical pictures.

The cumulative composition to the plot is the composition, based on the principle of accumulation of lanterns from one and the same motive, which is variably repeated.

culmination - whish point springs in the development of the artistic creation.

Legends are one of the genres of folklore, which are based on a miracle, fantastic.

Leitmotif - overrides the mood, Head topic, Іdeyny and emotional tone to the creation, creativity, straightforward.

Lyrics is a kind of literature and folklore, in which it is possible to catch the image of the image, feeling, thought, mood of people.

Lubok - a picture with a special style, without a new text; type of graphics, insurance for mass reader.

Butter pisnі - pisnі, tied with the calendar rite: wires of winter, construction and wires of Masnits.

Memorat - we are asleep, send a message about podії, a participant or an eyewitness of what kind of wines buv.

Myth - finding out what was said, but unaware of artistic reports about the important, often mysterious for the ancient people, natural and social manifestations, similar to the world.

Mythology is a system of archaic manifestations of any people about the world, the supremacy of myths.

The motive is simple warehouse the plot, the minimally significant component of the notification.

Folklore (folklore) is an ideological and aesthetic category, which turns the most progressive interest to the people in the singing era, the last time serving the people with the help of mystery.

Unfabulous prose is a kind of folk prose, which is a common story, legends, retellings and reports.

Images-symbols are characteristic of the folk poetry of traditional narrative, as they mean characters, feel and experience.

Ritual poeziya - poeziya, tied with folk rituals (carols, wedding songs, voices, viroki, riddles).

Ritual pictures - pictures, tied with calendar and wedding ceremonies.

Rituals are traditional acts, which supervise the important moments of life and vigorous activity of the people and the collective; according to the timing of the rituals, they are divided into calendar and native-by-word, according to the form and designation - to magic, legal-by-word and ritual-game. magic rituals they depicted linguistic, christian, zabonny statements about nature and suspension. People thought that, behind the aid of magical rituals, the stench might be able to preserve for oneself from the more established by the supernatural forces brought before them, or to seek prosperity; juridically, by the way, they fixed the arrangement between people, homelands, settlements of mains, financial and other lands. The significance of the ritual and game rituals of the polyaga is in the fact that people grow up, they satisfy their natural consumption. Magical, juridically, and ritual-game rituals performed folding complexes, rituals (funeral, funeral, etc.), and in the last time the role of the suspension in the life of the suspension is great. In the old-fashioned rituals, there was a lot of sabobones, a bit of practical awareness, pratsya, the guardianship of people over nature, do not ruffle on scientific knowledge.

Headquarters - the same situations, motives, which may be similar verbal virazi. Sleeping motions and post-mortem elements of the compositions of our creatures: in bilins - zaspiv, in kazkas - priming, in bilins and kazkas - beginning and kintzivka.

Call is a stereotypical way of behavior, which is used to create in a singing suspension. social groupі members (for example,, included in the community, notion of the head ubir, in case of development - turn, etc.).

Isolation is a special kind of metaphor: the transfer of the image of human rice to inanimate objects and manifestations.

Oxymoron is an artistic priyom, when the protolezhnyy behind the wicked understand, as a result of a new sense of the word ("living corpse", "optimistic tragedy").

Psychological parallelism - the setting of the human image and the image of the light of nature behind the acquaintance of the day, I will.

Paremiya is the name of the malikh genres of folklore prose (prisliv'ya, orders, riddles).

Paphos is an emotional attitude, addiction, which permeates the tvir and every time you go along.

Crying is a ritual poetical creation, tied with a mourning rite, mourning for a person and with the wires of a recruit.

The landscape is an image of pictures of nature, which is a visitor to the development of functions.

Dancing pisnі - pisnі, wikonuyutsya at a fast pace, before the dance; they are characterized by a recitative scattering, prompted by the new ones; zm_st big dancing pisen - more fun, inquisitive, from the images of comic situations.

The order is wider than the viraz, figuratively means a manifestation of something else and an emotional and expressive assessment.

Pisní subbreds - pisní, when the hour of the New Years, Christmas Day was announced with a dish (the name was called Pisen); in the dish, often with water, they put embellishments, they covered the dish with crisp and embellishments were added; to whom there was an embellishment, that began to spyvan at the whole moment of the song, zoom in a new way, it zamovlyu in a new way, or wealth, ailment, or death, etc. The viconannya of the submarine pissen created a ritual of vorozhinnya. Among them, there are boules of great songs (for example, the song is glory to the hlib), rituals, for the help of which the participants were asked before the fortune-telling, embellishments were asked from them, and the words of the prophesied, the share of the prophesied,

Prisliv'ya - short, figuratively popular, so volodya will grow up to lucid implantation in mov.

Long-term epithete is one of the different ways in the folk story: the word is meaning, it’s the same word, and it’s meaningful in things. characteristic sign("Good fellow", "the field is cleaner").

The train of plekannya (from pestiti, pestunu - nyanchiti, vihovuvati, pestiti) is a train of grown-ups, viclikana to life by the pedagogical needs of the people and is intended for children. Including koliskov іsnі, pestushki, potіshki, attachments, naduchivі kazki.

Transferred - a genre of non-fabulous prose; Usnі razpovіdі, sho raspovіdajut about podії, especially the facts of the distant past, old people's respect, memory. They were transferred from generation to generation, if they were passed, they did not lose credibility, they included details, details, estimates.

Primovki - Maliy genre of Russian folklore; create short, hot character.

Viroki is a kind of ritual folklore; create, Scho vikonuvalysya from the hour of calendar and family-by-beat rituals. Among them, one can see: attachments (for the help of others, the necessary ritual vimogas, recommendations, which may be state-of-the-art practical meaning, that іn.)

order - national name rhythmically organized dressing, like one before the beginning in the kazkah, but not necessarily tied with the wolf and the day; meta priovidki - zatkaviti the listener.

A parable - a little sleep was announced, in alegorical form to avenge moral or religious behavior; a close warrior for his form. However, the parable has a singular didactic idea.

Golosinnya (accos, accos, crying, screams) - a verbal-musical-dramatic kind of ritual poetry; create, tragic for your wicked, emotional in tone, when the hour of the funeral, recruiting and funeral rituals (you name them: funeral, recruiting and funeral). The voice of the significant world is empirical (especially funeral), which would be set within the traditional singing framework.

Rayok is a folk theater of rukhomikh pictures with comments before them.

A recruit is a conscript in the Tsar's army.

Recruiting pictures - folk songs about recruits; on the cob of the 18th century. in connection with the introduction of recruitment; were built in the style of traditional village lyric pisen.

Ritual pictures - pictures, which took the form and implementation of the ritual, ritual acts; vikonuvali during the valid calendar and wedding rituals, in round dances.

Refrain - a piece of folklore is repeated, call out to the rest of the row; to build up from viguks, as they have lost the vocabulary meaning.

Vesіlnaya poezіya - folk poetry create, tied with a wedding ceremony. The wedding train includes songs, voices, viroki. At the funeral, they slept parts, made riddles, started to navigate the kazki, and even before the fun trip, the stench might not be themed.

Vesіlnі pіsnі - pictures, wіnіnіkli and wіkonuvalіd during healthy ceremonial rites. From the point of view of the ethnographic classifications of the funerals, the people who are taken for the ceremonies for the ceremonies of the wedding, the children of the bachelorette party, etc. From the point of view of the philosophical classifications, they include ritual, incantation, magnificence, fundamental and lyrical paintings. At the Vesіllі they could see the pictures, as they were not mali before it was directly attributed (for example, lyric non-ritual, baladi and іn.).

Family-by-beat poetry includes creating folklore, vicinities and vikonuvalis during the family-by-beat rituals: songs, voices, viroki; in fallowness from time to time before rituals - wedding and recruiting songs, funerals, funeral and recruiting voices, great friends, etc.

Family-by-word rituals - one of the cycles of folk rituals, dressings from family-by-mouth rituals to the people; They grow up, fallen asleep from the time before the family life, at the rite of childhood, wedding, recruiting and funeral (including commemoration) rites.

Semik - people are not holy; having coped in the fourth weekend of the Great Day, supervised by the rituals of "curling" birch and іn., spіw the Troitsko-Semіtska pisen.

A symbol is an intellectual sign, an independent artistic image, a kind of emotional-allegorical sense of inspiration on the similarity of the manifestations of life.

Syncretism is anger, non-segregation, which characterizes the cob, non-proverbial attitude of the primordial mystery.

The tale is a kind of folk poetry notification, notification notification, or-

Kazka is one of the main genres of folklore, epichne, even the prose of the tvir of the charming, adventurous chi by-key character with the setting for vigad.

The said is a poetic tale, which is introduced to a group of overly proclaimed reports from historical or legendary past (re-tell, legends, bouvalais).

The storyteller is the viconavets and the creator of the epic songs (bilin).

Kazkar - viconavets Kazok.

Skomorokh is a wandering actor of the era of the middle, one hour playing in different roles (musician, spivak, dancer, comedian). The artistry of a buffoon has brought the Vicon's majesty to the temple from the vexatious repertoire.

Skoromovka (pure phrases) - Maliy genre of folklore; folk-poetic heat, polyagaє in a hearty vibor of words, important for correct articulation in case of fast and bagatoraz repetition; "Rid of folding movi, with repetitions and rearrangement of some and the same letters, or the folds, wicked or important for Vimovi" (V.I. Dal); vikorystovuєtsya and yak zіb for correcting new defects. Border allyterirovanie, sound writing is characteristic of the squishy maker.

Porіvnyannya - the setting of one object, for the manifestation with those who know it.

Old is the folk name bilini.

The step-by-step sound of images is a compositional reception of lyrical painting, with which image from a larger "wide" volume to change images from a larger "high-class" one.

Lichilochka - a genre of childish folklore; rimovaniye vіrshik, how to store up in a large number of vypadkіv from invented words і from suvorim to the rhythm.

Totem is a creature abo roslin, an object of religious shanuvannya.

Tradition is one of the main signs of folklore, dressings from historically formed and passed down from generation to generation of tradition, to turn in style is a sign of a poetic snake.

Triytsya (fiftieth day of the Great Day, the name of this dream is Great Day, not a day) - the people are not sacred for the creation, the dressing is genetically based on the cult of the ancestors; On Triytsu they remembered the dead, they performed rituals with birch, they vlashtovuvali chastuvannya, benketi, they wondered, all the prices were supervised by the visitors of folklore creatures.

Troitsko-Semіtskіe Pisnі - Pisnі, wіnіkli аnd wіkonuvalіt pіd or orіsnennya rituals in Seven, on Tіrіtsya; in the main connection with the "curling" and "development" of the birch (ritual, magnificence and basic paintings).

Path - implantation of a word, lingering in a figurative meaning ("eagle" is a ludin, which is traditionally attributed to an eagle: smilivist, sawniness).

Trudovі pіsnі - found a type of lyrical pisnіh, tied with labor activity.

Science fiction is a form of visualization of light, when on the basis of real manifestations supernatural, miracles, logically incomprehensible pictures emerge from them.

Folklorist - a teaching, like vivchaє will fall asleep to the people's creativity.

Folklore is a science, folklore.

Round dance - found a kind of folk dance music; one choreography with dramatic performance, tank. Round dance bouv warehouse part calendar rituals and vikonuvav in the folk beggar not only ritual-іgrovu, aesthetic, ale and magic, incantatory function.

Round dance songs - songs, when the hour of the round dance was played.

Chastushka - one of the types of folk art; short, showing off in a quick temperament, the little one is seen, on the pod of a suspense-political abo side-by-side character.

The partisans are the sign of the parts (from the people), the viconious and the author, and Volodya is the main repertoire of his music.

Epos is a long-standing epichna form of notification (virshovana abo prozova), which informs about important pod_yu the life of the people.

Epic is a great monumental form of epic literature.

Epithet is a figurative visualization, which gives the artist a characterization of the subject, which appears in the viglyadі of the priestly ritual.

Ethnos - the spirit of the people is historically formed - the tribe, the people, the nation.

The effect of the lack of success is an artistic priyom, which is based on the raptus destruction of causal-inherited links in artistic text... The effect of nespod_vanka є with the important rice of the poets bilin, kazok thin.

Fair folklore - folklore that has been seen at fairs; until now, most often humoristic and satirical create (viroki "balagannyh", "merry-go-round", "podkachelnyh" dіdіv, viguki traders and іn.), as well as folk drama.

6. Nationality of Russian folklore

Obshefolklore appearances in folk poetry creativity. In the weary poetry of the peoples rіznih lands a minimum of spilnye abo little appearances; genres, plots, types of heroes, artistic contributions... The creativity of the peoples of old, folklore has evolved into the tsikavi of the zbigi. The first thing for all the bulo has been established, that there is a great part of genres in folklore of the Bagatyokh, it is possible to visit all the peoples. Ymovirno, there are no such peoples, those who do not have a lot of prizes, kazoks, legends, a song about pratsyu, dancing dogs. Persh for all the rich genres will be the epitome of folklore. Ale and all-common genres are less spiral and skid.

So, among the Slovenian peoples, it has been a long time to engage in farming, a lot of social and ritual folklore, Zokrema, pod_l yogo on chotiri cycles, apparently according to chotir times of rock, which are regulated by silskogo robots. With the cycle of tying rituals and songs. In all words in the winter period, there was a message about the harvest of the future, a message about happiness. During the transition from winter to spring, the Christmas masnitsa, supervodzhuvana igrami, row and songs. Worship rituals and the sound of spring, the first vigon of thinness on the shepherd. Similar to the holy kuvannya of the day of Kupala. Velma is similar in appearance when I grow up; zhinki і dozhinki; similar pisnі, scho їkh supervodzhuyut.

Do rock and earthwork robots regulate and family rituals, travel. The order of the fun, the voice of the name, the grandeur on the benquets, the magic of capturing the young because of the evil force brought about, is even similar among the Slovenian peoples. The design of the mow, the farewell to the name of the "beauty", the love of the cleansing є to the wedding ceremony among all the Slovenian peoples. It is difficult to find a lot of details. So, in the great song, the nominated spyvaetsya; among the Russians - "On a horse ride, go to them to badori", among the Serbs - "Konyaashe - and kin podigrava." Have native peoples a lot of even more similar attitudes; “To the right of the mayter to be afraid”, “Bily hands of others to love”.

The Kazakhs have a few international plots, motives and types of heroes. Such stories about Popelyushka, about the king Nesmyana, about the Firebirds, about the cunning fox, about the witch of the cunning, the deceiving bagaty and the judge. The enchantments of the fox, the transformation of the girl into a swan and a swan into the girl, the miracles of the hero - the dog and the cat, the big-headed snakes, who overwhelm their opponents and the rotten, the villagers and the soldiers who are typical of the people brought to the price Ask about the prowess of the people, about the motivation of the world, about the rogues, how to seize the people. There are images of the rich in the feat of their success. In the historical balads - the motives of taking away the child to the full, in the family - the evil from the nevastka of the father-in-law, in the lyrical songs of the loving beloved krinitsa or dzherela, transported through the people of power to the folklore of bagatokh.

Naturally, the food is different: how can we explain the spirituality or the similarity of the plots, motives, types of heroes and different types of characters, for example, the old epithets: "dark fox", "green grass", "blue sea", "siry gostlya shablya? The strength of the classifications is somewhat easy to explain to them, how they mean the power of objects and manifestations. But if there are plots, motives and types of heroes, then the reasons for the spirituality or the reasons are more complex. Rise in them to help you learn about the history of folklore, i.e. Porіvnialno-іstorichne vivchennya folklore is not only on the basis of foreign and similar phenomena in folklore, but also on the explanation of the spirit and the specificity. How pragmatic is it to feed: whoever finds it among folklore peoples, they are not tied to themselves, but for an hour they were early hour, Є home and subplots, motives, types of heroes and virazni?

Folklore studies have a variety of ways of vivding and explaining the outward and general in the folk arts. As a matter of fact, it’s historical, i.e. ... Among the folklore peoples, who may have a spilnically ethnical prowess, as a result of the development of tribes in the nationality, it is possible to explain only the manifestation of the spiritual cultural decline of the people of the rejected civilization. For a long time, the cultural spirit of the words was borne out by the clear. In the course of the historical development of the social cultural decline, naturally, it was given to the change of heart in the wake of the changing social and historical minds, the life of the people, albeit without a trace; in some important elements, it was possible to achieve a style, for the reason why there is a spirit in the culture of disputed peoples: there is still a variety of plots, motives, types of heroes and artistic evidences in folklore words. So, the Russian teachings of A.A. Potebnya and the Slovenian teachings of F.Miklošić saw poetic imagery and imaginatively Epiphany and lyrical songs of the words of the peoples of the world, like, on the dummy, go through a long time ago and in a social decline, we will deny words from the words of the prelks.

An important factor in the homeland in the folklore of the Slovenian peoples is those who are in the middle of the world: poetical creativity, Imagery, phraseology. The great significance of Mali is the spirit of the work of the words and further away їх geographic culture for saving rice material and spiritual culture, as well as the spirit of forms of pratsi - agriculture and animal husbandry. Everything was seen in rituals and in ritualistic travel, in pictures of nature, and in the image of the earth-year.

The closeness of the plots, heroes, artistic features of folklore creations can be found in different ways and on the ground - on the ground of trivial cultural ties of peoples, not native and not close to people. So, in Russian folklore, there is less of a spil from the folklore of the Mordovian, Karelian and other peoples; Russian parts with a significant mass went into the folklore of the Mordovian people, and from the Mordovian language and folklore in the Russian part came the word "Matanov" and the image of the dressing with him. Velmi is meaningful to the interaction of Russian, Ukrainian and Bilorussian folklore. The transition of plots, motives, types of heroes, different kinds of people from one nation to the other, according to Veselovsky's words, is called "a dynamic flow", that is. Form and transition can be smart: і sleep, і writing. So, the variants of the Russian Cossacks were fought by the Polish Cossacks, and the Russian folk repertoire included the hot Polish novellas (faces). Polish kazkary have acquired, for example, a Russian kazka, in which hero is the character of a food hike (Ivan Bikovich, Ivan Koroviy sin), who drives a snake, how to fight with him on the Kalinovy bridge, and then wrestle we have mastered the Russian version of the Kazka about the Firebirds. From Poland, through the manuscripts of the books, it was not only the facades that came to Russia, but the lyrical paintings, especially in the 18th century. Russian soldiers' paintings of the 18th century. inserted into the Estonian soldier's pictures.

They are figuratively influenced by the power of folklore. Characteristics of the singularity of folklore. Phenomenon of folklore of that yogo vikhovna meaning

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