Sergiy Bratchenko is a psychologist. A course of lectures by S.L.Bratchenko “Basic foreign psychological concepts of the XX century. Short description of the course
S.L.Bratchenko
existential psychology
GLIBIN SPILKUVANNYA
Lessons from James Budgethal
Moscow: "Sens", 2001 - 197 p.abstract
Peredmova
Entry
Part of the persha
ISTORIA І THEORY
THE STORIA OF DEVELOPMENT OF EXISTENTIAL PARADIGMS
Zagalna characteristics of EXISTENT PIDHODU
KEY IDEAS CONCEPTS OF JAMES Budgetary
Existential-humanistic pidhid:
Glibina SPILKUVANNYA I YOGO VIMIRYUVANNYA
RIVEN SPILKUVANNYA
PRESENCE I SPILITY
mіzhosobistіsnyh TISK
PARALLELING
thematically Parallel
Emocyne Parallelization
Parallelization of frames
Parallelization to a locus
SPIVVIDNOSHENNYA Sub'єactive-active І OPIR
INSHI VIMIRYUVANNYA GLIBIN SPILKUVANNYA
MYSTERIOUS OF PSYCHOLOGIST'S ROBOTS
literature
Sergiy Leonidovich Bratchenko
existential psychology
GLIBIN SPILKUVANNYA
M: Sens, 2001 .-- 197 p.
abstract
Tse Persha is not only among the survivors, but the book of the new literature, assigned to the study and analysis of one of the most promising approaches to modern scientific psychology and psychotherapy - existential A detailed view of the history of the verdict is straightforward, its philosophical theoretical basis And also the psychological concept of mental health, on the basis of which the practice of psychological counseling will be.
Bootie chi don't bootie
axis at chomu nutrition.
worthy eh
Make peace with the blows of the dolі
I need to fix the opir? ..
William Shakespeare
We are not likuєmo ailments i
do not correct the ruin,
my scolding ...
James Budgethal
Peredmova
The book didn’t appear in an hour or a bit. Vona has her own, already to complete a great, pered_storіyu. During 1992 rock at the II International conference humanistic psychology in Moscow Deborah Rehilli(Deborah Rahilly) from the USA, I will tell you about the concept of your reader - JamesBudgetary * (James Bugental), one of the leaders existentially-humanistic approach(EGP). Ї great interest. The first group of Russian psychologists ( Olena Mazur, Dmitro Leontyevі the author of these rows, which at that hour already long ago і seriously cited humanely straightforwardly) was home from Deborah about holding a conference of decilkokh seminars - including in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Both short, even more intense steps were successful, and in both places there were established groups of psychologists and psychotherapists, who were trained in a larger, more advanced way.
* Odra slid obumoviti "Problem of imeni": Mabut, same James Bugental I know the form of writing my apology in Russian language (I have already nailed more than five options!); I do not enter into a discussion about those, as if it were correct "for the sake of truth", I vvazhaya for the beautifully victorious that transcript, as if I felt the mind of J.B.
Have Veresna 1993 rock in Moscow and Petersburg First Russian-American conference "Theory and practice of existential psychotherapy", Yaka took the Chimalu a number of participants. At the conference, for the first time in Russia, the existential and humanistic idea of James Budgetal will complete the performances again and again. There were sounded tsikavi additional speeches (both American and our fahivtsi), passed the talked about discussions, yaskravі demonstrations.
Stretching 1993-1995 rocks Deborah and colleagues - Robert Nader, Lanier Clance, Padma Catell), І ін. - held in Russia a series of seminars-trainings with the EGP, in the intervals between Moscow and St. methodical materials, Negotiated otrimaniy dosvid, translated pershoderel.
This period was even more significant for all of us, and the ruch was of a two-sided nature. American colleagues knew us, our attitudes and abilities, I am ready for a serious mindset and mastering a difficult, super-difficult approach. We, from one side, were actively involved in the craving process of looking at people, their development, special growth and psychological (psychotherapeutic) help in the world of life, problems, problems, and Intelligence, how serious is our willingness to take an existential position in psychology and in life.
In the process of such an interaction, that self-recognition in deed brought up our self-designation - who went aside, taking on the way only those who were close and sane especially to that; htos virіshiv buuvati on his whole career, robiti sobі "im'ya" і the like; Some of them have been completely singing and have learned the vibrations for the corrosiveness of existentialism, while others, having lost all their attention, continue to get overwhelmed and shukati.
At all, it took a little energy and an hour - maybe five rockies! Tse bully beautiful days, I guess with great warmth our projects, super-spikes, messages, and I am often written by this "command", as if to take into , blessed for humanistic and existential ideas). The qiu group in the early stages included such vidomi saint petersburg fahivtsi, such as psychologists Tetyana Kurbatova і Diana Tonkonog, Natalia Grishina і Andriy Zamulin, Sevil Vekilova і Leonid Kulikov, Olena Korablina і Natalya Patturina, Iryna Iskandaryan і Sergiy Ryabchenko, Lyudmila Koriostilova and, Yaki helped with the transfer Masha Numichєva and Maria Mironova and a lot of them. Kozhen vnіs svіy unique additions, vikonav the majestic robot - and to all of you, dear colleagues, I am a very old man.
It’s obvious that our Zusilla didn’t bully: just recently, it’s practically impossible to get people to know about us; Infected by J. Budzhental to complete the views and the news, I know about him, and from the seminars-trainings, and from the lectures, and from the number of publications (div., For example, Bougental, 1995; Bujenthal, 1998; Bratchenko, 1997, 1998, 2000; Bratchenko, Kurbatova, 1997; Mironova, Bratchenko, 1997 і ін.). U 1996 rotsi in St. Petersburg Association for Training and Psychotherapy The section "Existential and Humanistic Therapy" has been opened. Zagalom - the process of eating and finishing actively. Now it’s the most important, great moment - preparation of references professional practitioners.
A trip to America became the next stage of the robotics i knowledge of the practice of the EGP on the yogo batkivshchyna*. Moreover, we didn’t just stick to it, but to enter into an intensive two-way dialogue with all the representatives of the world directly on the number of one of the other experts and creators James Budgethal... The price has become at the Russian-American conference "Existential and humanistic psychotherapy", Scho vidbulasya 20 sichnya - 3 fierce 1997 rock in San Francisco - in the epicenter of the development of an existential and humanistic approach. (For more details about the prosperous "rise in price in existentialism" see. Mironova, Bratchenko, 1997; Bratchenko, Kurbatova, 1997; Bratchenko, 1997.)
* Existential pidhid in psychology appeared in the first half of the XX century in Europe, ale the dan of this directly was launched by the Zusillians in the first of the Americans: Rollo May, J. Budzhentala, Irving Yalom) І ін. - reports div. Paragraph 1.1. i 1.2.
My enmity is from my spilkuvannya with American colleagues even more yaskravі and rіznomanіtni. On one side, I crossed over again, with all the obvious indications, "behind the great rakhunk" - the stench is like that. We have a good idea of one thing (unimportant to any real problem), and we have a lot of spilogy - it’s not a style to look at a professional sense, but in a human one. Kilka developed the famous "formula" Carl Rogers: The most glibinne in people - the most precious.
Especially valuable for me and forgotten the boules, vividly, zestrichі and spіlkuvannya z James Budgethal, And also - s Gregg Richardson, Moll Sterling, Viktor Yal, Richard Weissman, Thomas Greene, Stanley Kripnerі bagatma інshim.
From the side - in the conversation with American psychologists and psychotherapists, I have discovered a lot of new things for myself, having made a unique impression. In the wake of the wake, it became clearly intelligent: so, in the theoretical plan, our psychologists, as a rule, are great at being "educated", because they are happy to be involved in scientific discussions from the most sophisticated food ... conduct an intensive, effective and at the same time non-directive therapeutic work - there is a lot of agility and growth from us (at any time in a relationship, I can be especially happy with it). However, by its very nature it’s not so short: from the point of view of the EGP, it’s scary not to those who are “”, but yakraz navpaki - there is nothing else (anyway, there is nothing ...). For myself, I have pushed even more bagatu and I am promising a "zone of the best development" in an existential and humanistic direction. For most of my colleagues, however I can judge, the trip was also even more significant and corny.
Otzhe - existentialism in general, altogether sprouting on the ground of Russian psychology and psychotherapy. I was spared by being a participant in the process of inception of an existential and humanistic approach in Russia from the best crocs. The robot is given - the tse of the publicity of otrimaniyi by me dosvid, Which is cleverly possible to group in three main dzherel.
perche dzherelo- a chain of more intense, glib and richness approval of the participation and participation in seminars and trainings, which were conducted by professional psychologists and psychotherapists from the United States, and to specialize in an existential and humanistic direct. I especially want to see the meaning of the sound James Budgethal - straight ahead. Tsia Zustrich and the lessons of the Maystr have poured (and continue to push) on me even stronger and more, really existential inflow!
I have beaten in front of me not only (and not the style!) Of the most authoritative theorist, the unique psychotherapist, the leader of the whole directly in psychology (Budgetal, as apparently, being a colleague of A. Maslow, K. Rogers, R. May and R. May and humanistic revolution "in psychology, he was turned into the first president "Association for Humanistic Psychology", Vіn buv editor of the famous book, a kind of "humanistic manifestu" - "The Challenges of Humanistic psychology"(1967) etc. etc.), ale persh for everything - people, Osobist_st... Lyudin is wise, so Volodya is a colossal admiration - a little more ready to marvel and see again and again. Lyudin is informed, subtly seen and gliboko rosum - ale povazhaє tamnitsyu internal light special features and views are given unambiguous, residual views. People who are misleading are clear, logical, and wonderfully easy to lay out the folding of those and problems "on the polish" (although I understand, given the principle, the incompleteness of any kind of peace for existential ones), - in a virtual volody, in metaphors, images. Lyudin, I can handle all my life with human problems, citizens, sickness - and optimism, faith in the positive day of human nature ...
І next. For me, it is fundamentally important to go over to the one that is in the given vypad Lyudinі yogo concept(Theoretical and practical) - tse dine the whole: The budgetary is generally alive, "presence" in his theory and in his practical robot; and yogo concept - duzhe life and duzhe specialist. First and foremost, it’s amazingly natural and harmonious.
Friend dzherelo- tse dosvid vivchennya theoretical and methodical literature from humanistic and existential philosophy, psychology and psychotherapy, as well as - negotiation with colleagues. For me, robots have turned out to be especially significant M. Bakhtina, J. I R. Bayardov, M. Buber, F. E. Vasilyuk, S. Jurard, A. F. Kopyeva, J. Korea, D. A. Leontyev, R. Leng, G. Lendreta, A. . Maslow, R. May, K. Rogers, S. L. Rubinstein, J.-P. Sartre, M. and R. Snyderov, V. Frankl, A. U. Kharashі astonishingly, J. Budgethala.
The creation of James Budgethal was most strongly opposed to me by three books: "The Search for Existential Identity" (1976), "Psychotherapy and Process" (l978), "The Art of the Psychotherapist"(1987). (The rest of the robot and became the basis for the distribution of the seminar-training programs "Psychology of clay spilkuvannya"- see the third part of the tsiy posibnik).
All the texts of J. Budgetal are based on the fundamental theoretical foundations, a great number of practical, concrete, living "material", the clarity of the victories and especially significant, anticipatory. The author is not just a wiklade as abstract ideas and "vidings from practice"; vіn yaskravo, visibly and even especially especially openly joke- special and professional, - as well as advice help in the presence of such a joke to the people, their clients. These books represent, at my glance, a kind of evil from life, real, versatile and uninterrupted, and endorse the craving "sum" of a scientific treatise, an autobiography, a methodical book of that artistic creation.
tertє dzherelo- tse suspiciously important (if it is even more promising, ambiguous and clearly lacking) independent conduct seminar-trainings from EGP for practical psychologists... All at the moment such seminars have passed nearly twenty in a number of places in Russia, Ukraine, Bilorusia. It will be said about the head bags of the robot chain (div. §3.4). Immediately I was asked to try and realize it yourself in practice, an existential and humanistic education (more precisely, it’s more important to say that some of the elements) allowed me to see the keys of value for the professional installation of this Such a seminar is like a big one in the distance, so and (in a still bigger world!) Mensh in the distance is filled with active, hourly dramatic jokes, prompts and intensive men, not just for the participant, but for himself.
All "three dzherels, three warehouses" I can tell you about the existential and humanistic approach for less expensive and more expensive I am very young Whoever spriyav tsyomu!
S. B.
St. Petersburg, 1997-2001
P.S.
If the first version of the book is already written, a sound came, scho "The Art of the Psychotherapist" James Budgetal nareshty get ready to go Russian language! It will be, insanely, a great saint for everyone, who will be humanistic and existential straightforward in psychology, and for me especially - I have a lot of rockets. Ale, on the other side, the shift of "pershoderel" is to put forward the ideas of my powerful robot. Those who have respected my head with my head, and how I have been good, the benefit of my book - as much as possible and more precisely in revealing the main change of the concept of the EGP with minimal comments and additions - now the senses. Winiklo navit bazhannya after reworking is given to the robot. However, not without kolivan, I’m still resigned to preserve the first thought - before the submission of the Budget’s ideas will be only for the cory the most important position and vibrate the Russian version themselves). In any case, two books about the existential and humanistic approach - more beautiful, less zhodnoy.
I vyaviv, well ... the understanding of self-actualization rendered
elk even similar to Rorschach's chornilny beaches.
Most of the time, the understanding of the understanding is more
rilo me about ludin, who is to blame for them, nіzh about sa-
my reality, how to stand for the minds of the mind.
In modern psychology and pedagogy of the year, they have become even more widespread, the words "self-realization of specialness", "self-actualization", "special development" and so on. they rejected і for they can be victorious in a metaphorical sense, even unimportant, sooner it went out, or to serve as a new beautiful label, which can easily alter the old "odd" і etc.) In the last fall of the inevitability, there is a kind of "centaur", so as to try the mechanical transfer of the ideas of foreign authors to our psychological and pedagogical theoretical "ground", by the і a couple of new things simply do not get accustomed). There are many more ambitious installations, which set a whole definite approach to people and their development.
At the end of the hour, Max Otto has started: "With a glib dzherel of the philosophy of people, dzherel, who can live and form, if you are, if you see people, if you see people. meaningful, that is, take a look at life and light, which will be in harmony with this end. , well, in any concept of a frame, one can easily see theoretical and practical warehouse facilities є (if you don't expect to learn and forget), another one is the price of warehouse. It is itself an axiomatic credo and will be a real foundation of conceptual impulses.
At the time of reporting the criterion of viri-neviri in a person. At the end of the hour, Max Otto stverdzhuvav: "With a glib dzherel of the philosophy of people, dzherel, who to live and form, if we are, in fact, we see it in people (it was inspired by us - S. B., M., to the basic psychology, to look at the theory two groups (unfortunately, it’s unsettled): “doviryayut” human nature (that is, humanely organized) and “do not do it." enter one more pidrozdil:
a) in the group "not doviryak" (pesimistiv) є a greater zhorstka position, yak sverdzhu, the nature of the people is negative - asocial and destructive, and the people themselves cannot fit in with the tributes; і, in which people have a natural day, in general, is not a lot of wine;
b) in the group "doviryayut" (optimists), the point of view is also more radical, as I am insanely positive, good and constructive day-to-day of the people, laid in the view of the potential, which opens up with the existing minds; і more protective glance at a person who walks because of the fact that people are not smart, but know that as a result of self-creation, moreover, positive actualization is not guaranteed, but if it is the result of a powerful vibrant and positive attitude ...
In a basic setting and in the first glimpse of the problem of the day of the people, they see and eat about those who are “roboti” from the day, because the person has become “more beautiful,” as if it was correct to develop, vikhovuvati (psychology, naturally, ᴛᴏ "more beautifully" ruminate to do it in a way) The food about the sense of vikhovannya is fundamentally considered to be in such a rank: as the day of the people is negative, then the demand is correct; how її nemaє - її demands to establish, construct and "contribute" to people (in both cases, the head organizer is the so-called interests of the suspension); if it’s positive - їy demand for help to open up; as soon as the day is to be found for the help of the free choice, then the next step is to help їy zrobiti ϶ᴛᴏt vibir (in the remaining two vipadas on the first place, the interests of the people themselves are placed)
More schematically, the typology of basic empirical attitudes in the light of psychological concepts can be presented in the form of tables. I want a scheme (as if I was trying to classify in psychology), madly, forgiving the realities of business, Ale Vona, in our glance, the principles of psychology are more important than the principles of psychology and to reach a clear environment for a professional teacher. his choice.
Basic installations of psychological concepts
basic setup
nature people
sense vihovannya
Main representatives
Nevira in Lyudin
negative
correcting,
compensation
classical Freudianism
neutral
form,
Korektsiya
bicheviorism,
It is important for the nobility, that there are a lot of moves in Radiansk psychology
Vera to lyudin
insane
positive
Help in actualization
Concepts by K. Rogers,
A. Maslow
positive
Vibor help
Existential pidhid V. Frankl, J. Budzhental
Wandering from the foregoing, we come before the day, it’s obvious that the concept of special growth and self-realization will be logical continuation to look at people in humanistic psychology and in the daytime before the form of people’s mind, from the beginning ...
Presented here is the intelligence of specialness and special growth spiraling towards the concept of one of the leaders "to ruin for the humanization of psychology" by Karl Rogers - his special centering of pidheads. (For me it is important to respect the respect, but one of the ideas of ours directly in the psychology is the lack of a sharp conceptual scheme, strict definitions and unequivocal illusions; the representatives of which do not recognize the lack of understanding, in the minds of people completeness of the theory.)
specialty
In the most Zagalom viglyadі specialty - ϶ᴛᴏ lyudina yak sub'єkt vlasny life, Vidpovidalny for intercourse both from the outward light, including both people, and from the inner light, with oneself. Osobistіst - ϶ᴛᴏ internal system of self-regulation of people. Varto respect that you are proud of the infusion of two deterrent forces that can be mentally recognized as an organism, an internal light (i.e., E. Lyudina, yak alive isstota as a whole), і the middle, the last light in a wide sense, including the first of all people. Spіvvіdnoshennya mіzh by giving three ruinous forces and from the beginning of the line of life of people; yogo can be presented at the viglyadі of the U-shaped tricycle tricycle:
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VNUTRISHNII ZOVNISHNII
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It’s not easy to forget, but the most important characteristics of a person’s personality will be: intensity, autonomy, dynamism, integrity, constructiveness, individuality. With a full tribute, the attributes of specialness are not given, but the sooner the assignment, and the steps of their actualization, are to lay down all kinds of minds - the first for all the times that the specialness has two other forces. Moreover, in the first place in the wicked position of life in the nature of the people, actualization, creativity began to be seen in the first place for organism, internal light, in which the potential for hardening, "the growth of the power of life" and the strength of the possibilities, to the greater efficiency, maturity and constructiveness, was called by K. Rogers "tendency to actualization". And to that for the specialness of the wickedness, it is to start seeing the blue - with the inner light, with oneself.
There are one of the central ideas of a specially-organized approach: as a person (specialty) is willing and able to listen to himself and creep on himself like on the whole, natural, as if he seems to be trying to visualize dіє vnnu power and will be unaware of the collapse of the people - unaffected by a lot of graces and difficult - to a greater maturity, to a greater life. It is even more important that the tendency is to be found in the nature of people as a potential that is actualized for singing minds, but not to shape and not to be controlled by inviting forces: , 1994, p. 63)
There are a lot of special features from the out-of-the-box light - especially from the light of the people - a lot of folding, ambiguous and dramatic. On the side of the specialty є there is a strong connection in contact with other people, - lyudin, like K. Rogers, "is not socially social; winners may need it" (P. Tilikh, K. Rogers ..., 1994, p. 136) Moreover, the central component of specialness - "I" - is even stronger in the need for self-production, which is a source of pleasure (in children) to be pleased with the perch through the rejection of povagy, recognition and love from other people (the first for everything - meaningful and mature) the child is not just motivated by the relationship with the social light, but to appear in the history of the land from them.
Osobist_sny r_st
First for everything, it is possible to value those who are out of the humanistic manifestations, but they will not be vigorous in the development of the specialness, but they often wince. Tobto special rist (LR) - ϶ᴛᴏ: what kind of knowledge is not (including and data); DO NOT be aware of any kind of activity, and even more - "suspicious-cinnamon"; not the formulation of a stiff "system of value-added organizations"; not "a child of a huge human day-to-day"; not a formulation of an "active living position"; not a development of "the flexibility of a new form of a suspicious life"; NOT an idea of an "ideal adult".
Varto say, that the skin from the change directly in the minds of people has a positive positive sense. But in the context of the discussed problems, it is important that all the stench in this world is important, because it’s important to turn the specialty “see to yourself” and not to take the LR, but sooner to change the form of the specialty abo zovnishnykh, pozosobist_snykh criteria. Moreover, all the cich vipadkakh form the zusill only along the same line of "tricycle development" - according to the line of interconnection "zovnishniy light - specialty".
The head psychological sensation of the LR - dedication, finding himself and his living way, Self-actualization and development of all the main special attributes (div. Vishche) It is fundamentally important for people to be also aware of the inner world by the people. In order to avoid being smothered by the interpersonal and as the three peaks of the "tricycle development" not to fight for any fearful, constructive, but to be spontaneous.
Osobistіsny rіst is not the same for the people on "gatherings of vіku"; ϶ᴛᴏ a folding, rich-aspect process, the onset of its own internal logic and the beginning of an individual-uniform trajectory. Є Submit your opinion about the most important "Fundamental Law of Special Development", which spiraling on the seemingly K. Rogers formula "what is it" (Rogers S., 1959), you can formulate as follows: , a natural legacy of whom there will be snakes right in front of you special maturity... In other words, the very change - the change, the straightness, the dynamism - to inform about the process of the LR and can appear in the capacity of the criteria of the LR.
In case of a new LR, a change will be made for both the internal light (intrapersonal) and with the external light (interpersonal). Do not forget to forget, but those who find them will be like this:
LR Intrapersonal Criteria:
Accept yourself. Tse means knowing myself and insane love for myself, such as I є, being put to myself as a "specialness, a gidny povaga, healthy to an independent choice" (Rogers K., 1993, p. 69), I believe in myself and in the power, dovira its nature, organism. Remaining slid especially, so as in this kind of vypadku dovir to yourself does not mean viru in the power of your own "I" wise, not yogo testimony "(Rogers K., 1994, p. 242)
Visibility of inner experience. "Dosvid experience" - one of the central understand in humanistic psychology, | to be victorious for the development of a folding, without interruption to the process ("flow"), sub'active experience of the inner light (including the visualization of the inner light). , put to nіy yak until the next day and "life spravzhnіm".
Reason for yourself. It is possible more precisely, outside and more clearly about oneself and about the actual state (including real and viral experiences, bazhannya, thoughts, etc.); Goodness to show and feel like a fair one, because of our masks, roles and gains; adequate and numb "I" -concept, sensitive to the actual changes and asymmetric new information, the closeness of "I" -Real and "I" ideally - the axis of the main tendencies of the LR according to the criteria.
Vidpovidalna boda. In vzaimovidnosyns with themselves, ϶ᴛᴏ means the persh for all the visibility of the health of the life itself yak, learning and accepting ςʙᴏey bodi і sub'єktna (ego, as saying, M. Bakhtin) The price also means "internal locus of assessment" - the need for the need for the vibration of values and results
Integrity. It’s not a matter of forgetting, who found it directly LR - strengthening and expanding integration and interconnection of all aspects of the life of a people, but especially - the integrity of the inner world and the very specialties. More precisely, it would be better to talk about the protection and the protection of integrity, which people are like. Yak received K. Rogers, from the very cob "I am not new ... being integrated and integral organism, acting indivisibly" (P. Tillich, K. Rogers., 1994, p. 140) led to the loss of the inner unity of people, to the loss of congruence, to the loss of disproportions, for example, between the intellect and the senses, the "I" -Real and "I" are ideal and the mind of the individual. Consistency and congruence will be a mixed mind of the effective regulation of the life of the people.
Dynamism. Intrapersonal unity and narrowness does not mean progress and completion. Navpaki, specialty isnu in the continuous, uninterrupted process of change. In the context of development, specialty - unmistakably growing specialty, that is, the growth of specialness є the way of being aware of the key criterion of the Republic of Latvia - dynamism, nagging, healthiness and problems і step-by-step "but in the process" - "sooner in the process the possibilities will arise, and then it will be transformed into how it was caught by the meta" (Rogers K., 1994, p. 221)
Interpersonal criteria of LR:
Praise for the others. In the interpersonal LR, you will awaken in front of the dynamism of being confronted with these people. ... And ϶ᴛᴏ, in the first place, is tied with the "basic goodness to human nature" and in the eyes of people who have a great day-to-day spirituality.
Reasonableness of the first. The specialness has matured to grow up to be a kind of habits and stereotypes, to an adequate, generalized and differentiated way of thinking about the funniest action of the people, especially those of the other people. It’s not easy to forget, but the most important criterion of the LR is the willingness to enter into interdisciplinary contact on the basis of great and subtle intelligence and emotional experience, empathy.
Socialization. The Republic of Lithuania is led to the ever more effective manifestation of the fundamental pragmatism of the people - to the constructive social relations. Lyudin is in contacts with the older ones, all the more visible and natural, and even with Um - more realistic, nasty, competently virishuvati mizosobistisni wiping and "living with ... p. 251);
Creative adaptability. It’s not easy to forget it, but it’s important to be able to adapt to the newness of a particular moment. ” (Rogers K., 1994,1 p. 81) \
Naturally, changes in the skin shedding directly in the LR are generated (as seen) in certain specific laws. At the same time, the process is complete, interconnection and growth in one "special vimir" process in the first place. I think it is more important that the very fact of ruku in the tribute on the rules, included in the process of seeing and seeing to oneself, so that people can make everything more and more promising, authentic and unrepeatable, kind-hearted healthy and healthy sleep (call and internal) is not like a threat, but like VIKLIK ZHITTYA and in one hour - a CALL TO LIFE ...
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Methodology "Straightness of specialness in spilkuvanni" (S.L.Bratchenko)... The method of "UFO" priznachena for vivchennya spryamovanostі osobistostі in spіlkuvannі scho rozumієtsya її author yak sukupnіst bіlsh-Mensch usvіdomlenih osobistіsnih smislovih installations i tsіnnіsnih orієntatsіy in sferі mіzhosobistіsnogo spіlkuvannya, yak іndivіdualna "komunіkativna paradigm", scho vklyuchaє uyavlennya about Sens spіlkuvannya, Yogo metoyu, ways, bazhani and permissible ways of behavior in spіlkuvannі, etc. In other words, the technique allows the development of meaningful and meaningful words in the spheres of communication with other people. The method of unfinished propositions lies in the foundation. Learn two forms of the methodology: basic, as it is not a professional specificity, or a friend - it is oriented to the development of straightforwardness in professional sports. The methodology allows the development of the degree of rotation of the types of the direct characteristics (in%) in the non-professional and professional performance, as well as the dominant type of the directness of the degree of vision. The author of the method has seen a number of types of straightforwardness in conjunction: dialogue, authoritarian, manipulative, alterocentric, conformal and indifferent, the essence of which is described below. Zvіsno Well, scho s Relief Tsikh vidіv bіlsh-Mensch Povny mozhna oharakterizuvati rіznomanіttya іndivіdualnih varіantіv zmіstu spryamovanostі in spіlkuvannі and takozh vіdobraziti skladnіst i bagatogrannіst tsogo osobistіsnogo obrazovanіya.Metodіka "UFO" vіdnositsya to the project, in її osnovі lezhit method nezakіnchenih propozitsіy. Yak be-yaka a design methodology for a qualified zasosuvanny won yes important information about the great specialties of the psyche. Bratchenko S.L. vision of the main types of UFOs: dialogue communal directness (D-UFO), authoritarian (AV-UFO); alterocentric (Al-UFO); Manipulative Straightness (M-UFO); conformal (C-UFO); indifferent (I-UFO). Tsi vid komuniktivnoy straightforwardness is characterized by such signs, which serve as a basis for the assessment of the project material at once:
1) D-UFO - organization on an equal footing with a spilkuvannya, which is based on
vzamnіy povazі and dovіrі, orієntatsіya on vzaєmorozumіnnya, in exchange
visibility and communal performance, practicality to mutual self-expression, development, performance.
2) AV-UFO - awareness of dominance in spilkuvanni, prevention of strangling the specialness of the spy proponent, of the order of yogo dog, "communicative aggression", cognitive its centrism, "vimoga" but also of alien awareness , orientation on the stereotype of "spilkuvannya-funktsionuvannya", communicative regidity.
3) M-UFO - an orientation to the victorious office of a spy agent and all spilkuvannya in his own purposes, to reject a kind of vigodi, put to a spy agent, yak before zasobu, about his manipulation. Pragnennya intelligence of the spy trader, you need to discard the required information, in order to be able to use the power of the screen, lack of strength. Orientation on development and cunning in spilkuvanni, ale one-sided - just for oneself for the rakhunok of the best.
4) Al-UFO - voluntary "centering" on the agent, organization on the yogo goal, consumer, etc. and without scruples sacrificing your interests, goals. Pragnennya intelligence to drink one’s best with the greatest satisfaction, albeit to the point of being mindful of one’s side. Pragnennya to take the development of the sp_vrozmovnik to navit on the Skoda vlasny development and prosperity.
5) K-UFO - as a matter of equal rights in spilkuvanni on the spirovnikovnikov. Orієntatsіya on the order of power to authority, on "ob'єktnu" position for yourself. Organization at an uncritical "zgodu" (view from the prototype), the progress of the message to the actionable intelligence and bazannya to be smart. Straightforwardness to inheritance, reactive efficiency, readiness to “go out of the way” by the spyvorotnik.
6) І - UFO - also put before splitting, when you ignore the problems itself, dominating the idea of food, “drinking” as such.
The value of the "UFO" technique is linked to the fact that the subjective assessment ("formula") reflects the entire spectrum of meaningful types of straightforwardness and allows for the importance of communicative tendencies; The "UFO" technique has gone through a variety of psychometric procedures and has shown sufficient retesting reliability and constructive validity.
The text of the "UFO" methodology
1. The theme of our rage ...
2. The sp_vrozmovnik correctly zrozum_v less ...
3. I want to be blessed with people, for which my experience ...
4. For me, it is even more important that the sp_vrozmovnik in sp_lkuvannі zі by me vikhodiv z ...
5. I will clear up the identity of a spy trader ...
6. I vvazhayu, but the sp_vrozmovnik is not right ...
7. Vvazhayu correct, if in spіlkuvannі zі by me the spіvrozmovnik put sobі for the mark ...
8. Doviru spіvrozmovnik until me ...
9. Yakshcho sp_vrozmovnik ceases to hear ...
10. It befits me as well ...
11. Sp_vrozmovnik ochіku vіd me ...
12. As a spyvrozmovnik vvazhaє, I don’t give up the races ...
13. Zusilla of partners in the process of blame for the fault were directed to ...
14. If I am a spy broker ...
15. Those who are worried about the sp_vrozmovnik ...
16. At spіlkuvannі, I wake up vikhoditi z ...
17. There is a conflict in the spilkuvanni ...
18. I'm getting ready to take a splash position ...
19. For me, the head meta splilkuvannya ...
20. Assign a sp_rozmovnik ...
21. Yakshcho sp_vrozmovnik is not a good idea ...
22. Call me, I'm fixing the spilkuvannya ...
23. The sp_vrozmovnik in sp_lkuvann_ nikoli is not guilty ...
24. For me it’s better in spіlkuvannі ...
25. I am not the mind of a spy broker ...
26. I would like to, if a spyvrozmovnik took up a position ...
27. I do not think that the sp_vrozmovnik is on my power supply ...
28. In spіlkuvanni me the most not befitting ...
29. Yaksho sp_vrozmovnik interrupts me ...
30. I am not guilty of spilkuvanna ...
31. At kіntsі rozmovi ...
Processing and interpretation of results For the processing of the projected material, the system of categories (type of communal directing) is described. To the skin "view" (part of STEM - №1; 13; 22; 24; 28 - to identify specific functions and in this context, they do not fit) on the submission of the characteristics of UFO species to be assigned a "singing" category - " "M" etc., in the case of unhappiness, is unambiguously interpreting that which one "see", it is allowed to assign two categories at once, and in more quiet categories it is not assigned. Aside from the rating of "views" by categories (rating), the skin score is also assigned to them (from 0 to 5) - in the amount of time in the degree of frequency and in the clearness of the rotation in the "in" data of the speed
The most important criterion for the designation of a UFO species -
nya position of spіvrozmovnikіv from the point of view of equal rights (unequal rights) of symmetry in imogue and ochіkuvan. For a more accurate assessment of the best material for nutrition, an important criterion in the methodology of victorious studies, there is a special priyom, which I will call "stem inversions". The essence of the yogo pole is that the part of STEM is in the list of "mirror-like" pair - that is one and the same communicative situation, represented in one STEM from the position of the most visual, and in the first (how to become the first pair) - from the position of the first an obvious sp_vrozmovnik, moreover, in the list dictated to the respondent, the "guys" didn’t ask the question, but they didn’t (for example, one of the couples was stocked with stem # 5 “I’m looking at the spy agent ..." .. "). "Vidpovidi" on the couples are estimated as a whole, by way of setting both views, and to give a bigger wag, the estimate of the bet (in points) is multiplied by three. For example, pair No. 3 “I want to be happy with people, for whatever my experience ... є loved ones, and I’m not bored to them”, No. 15 “Those who are a spyvrozmovnik are worried ... Less good thinking "- I will reject the AB-15 rating as a result (the pair will reject the AB category and the maximum score is 5, which will be fired).
In order to create a more precise and rimmed interpretation of the "views", a "key" is to be used - a selection of the most characteristic and extended variants of "views", passed through the forefront. The "key" of meanings for the decision is two: in the first place, for the assessment of specific "views" (the way of knowing the most loved ones in the "keys"), in a different way, for the knowledge of the bazha of becoming familiar with the "UFO" technique. However, the key is not guilty of vikoristovuvatsya as a dogma, guilty of serving as an organizational basis for the explicit dialogue of the presenter with the respondent, as a result of which only and may be an adequate reasoning of the remaining, correct assessment of his communicative speech.
Kozhen "vidpovid", with such a rank, I will deny the singing assessment - category and ball. It is possible to obtain an assessment for all the protocol, for which Bali should be evaluated according to the skin category okremo (it is possible to assess the assessment of Stem as well as couples; in the option NLO-3, all the guys are higher). As a result of the skin protocol, I will reject the patient's assessment from the visual "formula" of the communal straightness, for example, the assessment of one of the protocols of the eyelid as follows: D-2, AV-40, M-4, AL-0, K-8, I Oscillations of the general sum of scores (for all categories) for the new protocols of interest, then for the more accurate results of the respondents, the absolute value can be translated from the general ones - in all categories up to the outward sum of the scores given to the protocol. Todi pidsumkova assessment of the protocol from a guided butt to be seen as follows: total sum of scores - 66 (100%), for categories - D - 3%, AB - 61%, M - 6%, AL - 0%, K - 12%, I - eighteen%. For the analysis and further interpretation of the results, the "formula" itself must be selected as a whole, if in some cases in the protocol there can be non-zero ratings only for two or three categories, or even for one. As a rule, in the protocols, all types of communication are presented in this world. At the same hour, you can see tendencies in the public opinion assessment, an overpowering view of a UFO (an authoritarian tendency can be seen in the opened image), a singular logic has been generated to give points for categories, etc. - the subject of further interpretation of results, consultation of respondents, etc.
Methods for follow-up and diagnosis VIDNOSHENNYA BEFORE DEATH
Psychological science of nutrition about putting people to death for an hour has become a respectful posture, and put, sooner, to the sphere of philosophy. Just a stretch of the last forty rockies in the world are spontaneous to the intensive growth of awareness and publication, attributed to the fear of death and thanatical trios. Under the term "tanatichesakaya trivoga" emots_yny mill I will win in the presence of peaceful people about death "(D. Templer, 1970), or" an objectless and non-localized fear of death "(I. s negative and positive images of death. Putting to death, with such a rank, is made to the point of fear and trivo, scho, mabut; However, it’s zealous to be put to death to manifest itself in a wider range of experiences, thoughts, and emotions. Shielding to death - one of the most important lives of a particular specialty, sharing the same with all of his life in general, from her comprehension of his life and appearing in thoughts, people, people.
In vіtchiznyanіy psychologії robіt, tied to the problem of putting people to the power of death, in the region is little. In zarubіzhnih doslіdzhennyah, SSMSC vivchali in ostannі desyatilіttya tanatіcheskuyu trivogu i fear smertі Yak Show VІDNOSHENNYA to SMERTІ, nakopicheno Pevnyi methodically dosvіd, chogo not mozhna skazati about vіtchiznyanu doslіdnitskoї that dіagnostichnoї praktitsі scho vіdchuvaє yavny defіtsit methodically zasobіv scho Mauger Buti vikoristanim for Tsikh tsіley ... Before the singing world, you can memorize the guidance below the methods of foreign authors, adapted by T.A. Gavrilova 22]
1. "Scale of Fear of Death" by J. Boyar... (Boyar's Fear of Death Scale - FODS).
Boyar's Fear of Death Scale - FODS
2... "Scale of Triune with the Death Drive", D. Templer... ("Death Anxiety Scale" - DAS).
In 1967, D. Templer presented to him for the first time, and later rejected the greatest extension and recognition in the light of the "Scale of Tricky with the Drive of Death" ("Scale of Thanatic Trivia" in transcript) ("Death Anxiety Scale" - DAS). Until the present hour, there will be 20 robots, assigned both to the inversion of psychometric characteristics, as well as to the preliminarily correlated thanatic anxiety with special, relevant, intellectual and intellectual parameters. The scale is adapted to Arabic, Nimetsky, Spanish, Indian, Chinese, Korean, Japanese populations. Take revenge on 15 Tverdzens, who have shown a reversal of the meritorious and constructive valence and internal utilization. Templar has carried out the same and further development of the structure of his scale. It has been revealed that DAS is looking for chotiri factors: cognitively - affectively engaging in death, engaging in physical changes, assimilating for an hour, engaging in pain and stress. On the author's thought, he set up the structure of the scale to indicate those who are tanatic trivia є in the form of triviality to drive two fundamental human stanіv - display and change. In addition, it seems that DAS is dependent on the trivial triviality of the post as a component of existential triviality, as it is tied to the cob problems of human sensation.
"Scale of anxiety with the drive of death" D. Templer“
Death Anxiety Scale "- DAS
3... Methodology "Metaphor of the Special Death" J. McLennan. (Metaphors of Personal Death - RDFS).
The Qia technique was broken up in 1992 - 1996 by J. McLennon. Vin composed two series of metaphors from the fantasy images of death, evinced by H. Fey-felem and M. Negi, as well as in the last years of his life. There were two subscales - negative metaphors of death and positive metaphors of death. Responents are encouraged to rate them on a five-point scale of the skin from metaphors, as if the stench would describe them completely without death. The preliminaries showed the internal narrowness of the scales, and their reliability, the value and the uniformity of neuroticism, extraversion and social value. This technique has shown its corny in the form of volunteers for robots with thermally ill patients, as well as for advanced installations related to the problem of VIL - information. The author pidkreslyuє, that RDFS on vіdminu as self-evaluating opituvalnikov allow "to store" unawareness rіven pripuschen about death.
Methodology "Metaphor to the Special Death" J. McLennan
(Metaphors of Personal Death - RDFS)
Instructions: Bottom guided are metaphors (or images), as people are vicious in order to describe the minds of the powerful death. We ask you to evaluate how skin metaphors can describe your point of view on death. Be a caress, evaluate the skin of the lower guiding metaphor or the image on a five-point scale
And now, unaffected by those who were judged by the proponents of the image, describe, be we caress, in your own words a metaphor for an image, which can be described with the best rank, as you can think of your own death.
Subscale of positive death metaphors: 1, 4, 5, 7, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17
Subscale of negative death metaphors: 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 18
Control power supply and control up to module 3
1. Methods of implantation of systems and living senses (Kotlyakov V.S.): її opportunities і intercourse.
2. Specific features encourage the test of M. Rokich's methodology and modification of the modern psychology (D. Leontyev, O.B. Fantalova).
3. Mobility and interchange of M. Rokich's methodology and modification in vichiznyany psychology (D. Leontyev, O.B. Fantalova).
4. Opinion of thermal values (N.G. Senin) and their modifications of options: their flexibility and interconnection.
5. Specific features encourage the testing of the methodology for the diagnosis and diagnosis of misunderstandings (D. Leontyev).
6. Questionnaire "About the sense of life" (Chudnivsky VE, Vayzer GA): special features of the processing and interpretation of the rhyme with the help of others.
7. Methodology "Straightness of specialness in spilkuvanni" (S.L.Bratchenko): її theoretical basis, possibilities and interconnection.
8. For the sake of directing the specialness in the spilkuvanni S.L. Bratchenko rosumin, persh for everything
9. Methods of Doslidzhennya VIDNOSHENNYA TO DEATH. Peculiarities of them encourage and victorious.
10. Provided for the vision of M. Rokich of thermal and instrumental values є (їх functional meaning)
Design work up to module 3
Zavdannya 1.
For the help of the methods and methodical receptions of Life-Line, mastered by the students, they will learn to vivify, describe and analyze the sub-active picture of the life of one or two people; By virtue of the meta, zavdannya that directly practical psychological robots with them in times of brutality for practical psychological assistance.
1. Life-Line and інші new methods of psychology of the living way // Ed. A.A. Kronika. - M. Progres, 1993.
2. Golovakha Y.I., Kronik A.A. Psychological hour of specialness. - Kiev; Naukova Dumka, 1984.
3. Kronik A.A., Golovakha A.I. psychologic vik specialties // Psychological journal. - 1983.- T.4.- No. 5.- P.57-63.
4. Muzdibaev K. Vimіryuvannya nadії // Psychological journal. - 1999. - Volume 20. - No. 3, No. 4.
zavdannya 2
Knowing about deyakim methods of vivchennya sprynattya and experiencing the specialness of vlasny life: "Index of life satisfaction" (I. Panina); method of diagnostics of the level of sub'active perception of self-importance (D. Russell, M. Fergusson); method of diagnostics of midlife crisis (A.A. Kronik, R.A. Akhmerov). Learning about the methods of learning in the process of self-diagnosis and analysis of results.
1. Abulkhanova-Slavska K.A. Life strategy. M .: Dumka, 1991.
2. Eysenck G., Eysenck M. Factor of Happiness // Doslidzhennya human psyche. M .: EKSMO-Press, 2001.S. 255-288.
3. Argyll M. Psychology of Happiness. M., 1990.
4. Gabdulina L.I. Life satisfaction, happiness and knowledge of value and understanding of ideas // Pivnichno-Caucasian Psychological Bulletin. Dodatok 1. Rostov n / D. 2003. S. 59-65.
5. Dzhidaryan I.A. Declaration of happiness in the Russian mentality. SPb, 2001 ..
6. Kronik A.A., Kronik A.A. In the lead roles: vi, mi, vin, ty, i: psychology of significant victories. M., 2001.
7. Kronik AA, Akhmerov Causeometry: Methods of self-knowledge, psychodiagnostics and psychotherapy in the psychology of life. M., 2003.
8. Panina N.V. Index of life satisfaction // Life-line and new methods of psychology of life. M .: Progress, 1993.S. 107-114.
9. Shukshin N.A. Psychology of Happiness: Simple Solution folding food... Ural L.T.D. Arkaim, 2004.
zavdannya 3
With the help of the students' methods of advancing and diagnostics of VIDNOSHENNYA BEFORE DEATH, it is taught to vivify, describe and analyze the introduction to death of one or two people; By virtue of the meta, zavdannya that directly practical psychological robots with them in times of brutality for practical psychological assistance.
Sounds about the vikonannya zavdannya to be built in letters form
1. Aries F. Lyudin before the face of death. Per. s French M .: "Progress". 1992.- 528 p.
2. Gabdulina L. I. Compassionate life and put before death on the younger stages of the life path of specialness. // Pivnichno-Caucasian Psychological Visnik 2004, No. 2. Rostov n / D. 2004. - pp. 13 - 19.
3. Gavrilova T.A. // Applied Psychology, 2001, Rock No. 6. - P. 1 - 8.
4. Karandashev V. N. Life without fear of death. / V. Karandashev. - 2nd ed., Rev. і add. - M .: Sens: Acad. Project., 1999 .-- 335 p. - (Psychological culture)
6. Moody Raymond A. Life before Life: Preceding regressions in the past; Life of life: Preceding the phenomenon of "confusion from death" / Per. from English: O. Lebedova, J. Senkevich. - Kiev: Sofia, 1994 .-- 351 p.
7. Popogrebskiy A. P. Sense of life and imprisonment before death. // Psychology with human guise: a humanistic perspective in the victim's psychology. Pid ed. D. A. Leontyev, V. G. Shchur: Sens, 1997 .. S. 177 - 200.
8. Feyfel G. Death is a relevant change in psychology. / Existential psychology. Existency. // Per. from English M. Zanadvorov, Yu. Ovchinnikova. - M .: Kviten Press, View EKSMO-Press, 2001 .-- 624 p. (Series "Psychological collection"). S. 48 - 58.
9. Freud Z. Mi and death. According to the principle of nourishment. - Ryazantsev - Thanatology - the science of death. - SPb, Skhidno-Europ. Institute of Psychoanalysis, 1994, 380 p.
10. Shore GV About the death of a human. (Introduced in Thanatology) / [G. V. Shor]. - SPb.; View of St. Petersburg State Medical University, 2002 .-- 271 p.: Il.
11. Yalom I. existential psychotherapy... M .: Independent firm "Klas", 1999 ..
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even more needed
S.L. Bratchenko
PSYCHOLOGICAL PIDSTAVI
DOSLIDZHENNYA TOLERANCE IN OSVITI
One of the key competencies is tolerance - readiness and
The building of people and life and constructive activity in a versatile light. її
development to be transformed into a strategically significant
meta and to that the problem in the rest of the rock has become super popular yak in
psychology and pedagogy. Robit for tolerance is the greatest number і їх
the topic is even more versatile, however, most of them can be brought up to two
great groups: from one side - a whole theoretical set, from one side -
applied. In the midst of the "theoretical", I am overwhelmed with philosophical,
culturological and sociological texts to reach the highest level
abstractness (and often it is a conceptual and publicistic and
speculative), and among applied - pedagogical tools are
technological character. Tse same sobі tselkom natural and navіt
cinnamon; the problem, however, is that, after pretending to be a "breakdown" and is obvious
the failure of the theories of "average rivnya". As a result, the authors are rich in
practical training "vivoditi" without a mediocre philosophical, ethical,
culturologicheskikh toscho motives. more pedagogical robots on
tolerance to go (obviously or implicitly) from the "educational position": taku
the correct idea of tolerance and nonviolence is clear, reportable and
viklasta in a good way - and it’s too easy to take care of the ideas of success, you won’t be able to
"Pratsyuvati" ... Lanka is psychologically important for tsyu vipadaє,
intrapersonal change of the phenomenon of tolerance, without reason, and
as well as of common minds and mechanisms in their development I would like to be in the most important
viglyadі it is important to clarify the establishment of adequate and effective pedagogical strategies.
In tsomu rizik vipadku zrostaє zvesti all at Tse zbuduvannya i deklaratsіyam on vazhlivostі i potrіbnostі tolerantnostі ... Not pretenduyuchi on povnotu odnoznachnіst i i i usvіdomlyuyuchi poperednіy Open to clear rozvitku character proponovanih provisions riziknu zrobiti sprobu sformulyuvati bazovі іdeї for pobudovi PSIHOLOGІЇ TOLERANTNOSTІ ( more precisely - missocial tolerance).
Tolerance is not a mechanical result of some kind of "bureaucrats" (internal or external) such as such; Good tolerance is a manifestation of a certain, comprehended and personalized vibe of the people, their powerful position and activity because of the prompting of the singing ones (EXISTENCYALNOGUMANISTIC PIDHID).
Psychological change of tolerance cannot be brought to the level of power, characteristic of a folding, rich-aspect-rich and complex-component phenomenon, which is a little bit of "basic vimiriv" (diversified PIDHID).
In the folding "anatomy" of tolerance, for psychological children, and for key people, there is a special kind of tolerance - value, sense, special attitudes (SPECIAL PIDHID).
Among all the different kinds and forms of tolerance, for us, due to the fabulous tolerance of people є inter-social tolerance: tolerance yak special way in the middle and in the interconnection of the dialogue ...
Increased tolerance - and in front of its own special basis - cannot be the result of more frequent infusions: tolerance does not only form, but grows; help in the development of tolerance - the establishment of minds for the development of ... (FASILITATIVNIY PIDKHID).
The skin is clearly visible from the pere_chenikh theses.
EKZISTENTSIALNOGUMANISTIC PIDHID BEFORE TOLERANCE.
Toleration rozglyadaєtsya in rіznih fіlosofskih i psihologіchnih pіdhodіv - sogodnі in lіteraturі perevazhayut bіhevіoralny (with Money Does toleration rozglyadaєtsya Perche for all yak Especially povedіnka Lyudin) i kognіtivny (if toleration in osnovі svoїy Got Znannya i ratsіonalnі arguments ...) pіdhodi ... W ekzіstentsіalnogumanіstіcheskoy points of view are povnotsinna, maturity tolerance is not unmistakably learned, comprehended and promising.
Such tolerance should not be reduced to automatisms, to simple stereotypical actions - the value and life position, the realization of what is in the skin specific situation, the sense of the senses and the sense of the sense of tolerance
Existential and humanistic reasons to go out of the open role of a specialty in any kind of performance. With all the obvious and great sutta roles social norms, sustainable ideals, ideological and professional standards, etc. it is impossible to keep out the pity and the possibility of skin specific people in their actions, they also (and inodi - persh for everything) on the power of values, values, priorities. It means that if the teacher’s robots want the “call frame” of the teacher's robots, it’s important to bring a special ear, repairing it from an individual, often subjective, interpretation of his own calls. ... It is even more important to navigate, with more and more unanimity, the office workers to school - their life will be even more important for the fact that other people are working there, as they will inevitably begin to self-identify as such a situation, in which one is known to be.
This position is not like a non-corrosive rule, but a recipe that is ready to be implanted, and it’s not like a primus, it’s more important than a primus, but because it’s a great vibe, and it’s like a great vibe of a people who are “worth living. ... Zokrema, for the reader, means that tolerance is a special feature of the "method of butt", and not only because of the professional role or communication.
The head of food does not care about "to whom I am tolerant?" As a result of the ideas on the basis of existential nutrition, to lay down a reference is the essence of quiet people. From the point of view of "vimushenu" tolerance (so yak "vivchenu", "copied", etc.
the view of tolerance "in a passive camp") - so that I am not comprehended, I don’t accept it as value and not seemingly - a trace of looking at it as pseudo-tolerance (and perhaps it’s intolerance ...) Tolerance itself cannot be guaranteed either by knowledge or by a set of “psychological characteristics”, or by some kind of minds like that. Tolerance is not given to people, but given as it is, as in the humanistic interpretation of people, they are given the ability, the potential for realizing a healthy and constructive ear, which is actualized not only for singing minds, but when people see them. Behind the calling minds and internal changes of mind, it is the responsibility of the message and the activeness of the people, their great and more significant self-determination in the specific life situation.
One more important factor for improving the tolerance of inheritance:
Tolerance is a special principle of sensing that World, that people will be on the basis of intelligence and acceptance of multiplicity and versatility and knowledge of the inevitability of raising awareness. Awareness of the wealth and the power of development to destroy the rich and flexible of the life of the people, they are not really in their world and their butts are so strong and dull, who should be accepted for the winners.
Diversified PIDHID BEFORE TOLERANCE.
Look at foreign and ancient robots for tolerance to witness: do not give up only to the date of tolerance, an unambiguous definition, to bring to some one characteristic, ale to find the localization in the singing theme. Some of the "most important changes in tolerance" - the skin of which can be seen directly from fundamental ideas - the author has five and more middle: ontological changes of mind, psychologists, axiologists, axiologists, axiologists, etc. But if you try to be surrounded by psychological aspects, then here the phenomenon of tolerance does not lie only in one area - it’s not uniform, it doesn’t accept “linear determinism of power”, and there is no way of being able to do it. and a rich component phenomenon, such as a little line to show and development, such as - for an analogy from the proponents of J. Bugental (Bugental, 1987) “basic vimirs of spilkuvannya” - can be called basic vimirs of tolerance
As well as the value of pluralism, variability, as we can achieve tolerance for ourselves, because we can see the “richness of the people” and the life of the world, in the sense that tolerance is the edge of the role of one of the key principles of folding, then for the future of a multifaceted and diverse World ... The folding and richness of the phenomenon of tolerance is manifested in a decisive way.
First for everything - in the development of different types and forms of tolerance. The whole aspect of diversification is the most obvious, I would like, in philosophical, theological treatises, tolerance of the taxation as it is unambiguously intelligent, clearly meaningful and unreliable. Then, in the current psychology, as once navpaki - the tolerance "yak taka" is simply known, being developed for the free options, types, species, forms, rivniv. try systematizuwati psychologic doslіdzhennya in terms of tolerance, even accelerated - the term "tolerance" has appeared in the report, even before any psychological phenomenon.
Tolerance permeates all spheres of social and individual life of people, є in an important way of a practical psychological process, I will become one of the key "existences" of human life.
It is clear that it’s clear that it’s correct to talk about “tolerant (intolerance) particularity” as such - more precisely, be more precise about the level of tolerance and the degree of tolerance. and the aspects of stagnation of the principles of tolerance in specific situations ... You can also talk about the singular dynamics in the development of tolerance and the vision of several phases of the formation of tolerance (Pettai, 2000). Moreover, it is impossible to unambiguously increase the level of tolerance, which is more beautiful. Mah sense will listen to it quietly, hto pose the problem of cordons of tolerance (div. Report, for example / Walzer, 2000 /). Nadmіrne, inadequate obstavinam pіdvischennya tolerantnostі (yak vislovlyuyutsya deyakі sotsіologi - "toleration without beregіv") Mauger lead to a weakening of opіrnostі i zbіlshennya vrazlivostі Lyudin, znizhennya Yogo diferentsіalnoї chutlivostі (in broad sensі), i navіt bіlshe order - to viniknennya zagroz for іndivіdualnostі, іdentichnostі etc. All the principles of a more protective, differentiated approach to the nutrition of a practical stagnation of the principles of tolerance in a mediocre interdisciplinary connection - or, in other words, to pose the problem of tolerance. One of the young ways is the solution of the whole problem є the idea of the binary opposition of “tolerance” and the transition to induce a continuum of steps of tolerance (from the same “tolerance” and “intolerance”) to “intolerance”
Another aspect of diversification is richness and diversity. psychologic zmistu tolerance. Tse means that it’s hard to describe tolerance with a sufficient amount of relying only on one witness, only in one vimir. At the same hour, flooded with versatile typologies, classifications and analogous "preparation" for the sake of the "collection" for the journey, a pile of "lists of rice", etc. That is why we have a sense of not seeing everything, but depriving the main, the most important psychological vimir of inter-social tolerance, as it is possible to discern both the priority directions of the progress and development.
Traditionally for describing folding psychological processes and there is a triad of components - cognitive, emotional and behavioral. There was a try of storing the whole scheme for tolerance (div., Napriklad. Skryabina, 2000 and in.). In the most important viewer, the main change in the components is, more precisely, the "vimir" of tolerance, which can be described by the offensive rank.