Geographic middle of the day. Global problems of humanity. Natural center and natural resource

Yak mi bacimo, the systemic approach allows you to work efficiently and more than the versatility of the connection in suspension and nature. With the cutaneous type of systems, the suspension will develop its own health, which can change historically. It is visible on the application of the fossil biogeocenosis, as the connection of the suspension changes with self-freezing systems. At the first stage of production, the suspension is scooped from the fossil biogeocenosis of the necessary food for food (game, berries, mushrooms, etc.), deyaky words (resin, whisk, etc.), a village for awakening. Suspension grows around elements of biogeocenosis. At the same time, it’s all more and more to follow the camp of the whole system, and at the same time to actively get involved in the struggle with schoolchildren (by the way of the development of the murashniki, through the worm of ailing trees, the distribution of the forest, etc.). It is necessary to become victorious for the aclimatization of cinnamon people, food and roslin, and the process of growth in the suspension and biogeocenosis, it is guilty to lead to the fact that people are introduced to the biogeocenosis, and the process of development of the process of life in addition to making the necessary people products.

Autonomous systems, like a goose bump, can be viciously supported by a suspension of self-sufficient importance in pouring onto self-developing systems. I will look at the fact that biogeocenosis is a component of the geographic landscape, it is possible to use an autonomous system, but an autonomous system can be used in the transmission of our injections not only on the self-destructive system, but on the core system. There was no yak bi there, but the link of suspension with autonomous systems є a special type of link, the expansion of knowledge about which is necessary for rational infusion into nature.

The link between the suspension with the core systems is aimed at a comprehensive approach to nature, it is here itself that an avalanche of second difficult inheritance inherits from the inflow of people into nature, about. yaku writing F. Engels. At the same time, two of the other types of stench systems we named make up the foldable binding of the sounds of children natural diseases, Knowledge about which is necessary to predict the changes of nature earthly surfaceпід дією human suspension.

At the established links of the suspension and nature, it is important for the place to follow the zest of the suspension system. Such basic components of the suspension as people, technology and economic-geographic center with the skin type of natural systems establish their own links and the kind of blue, which is necessary for the regulation of the function and development of the human suspension. The calls have led to the verdict human races, Injecting into the way people live, injecting into the specifics of the development of technology and economy geographic center.

From the point of view of the systemic approach, it is fashionable to concretize the connection between the other sides of the suspension and the systems of the external nature. The dermal side of the suspension system (industry, silske statehood, Way of life, politics, etc.) are tied with a different type of material systems, or with a complex. Do not allow the details of the flow of nature on community system, On the life of people. At the same time, it is necessary to detail and pour the suspension into nature, which is also necessary to control the process of supplying the suspension and nature.

Spіvvіdnoshennya to understand "geographic obolonka", "landscape sphere", "biosphere" and "geographic middle ground"

The systemic reason is easy to understand and in the analysis of the way of understanding, as an authorization for the meaning of either all, or part of this nature, as I will drain the human suspension. Talk about the systemic organization of the light, the active reality, the more important, the basic subordination of systems different type... The foundation of such a subordination of systems is dialectical self-developing systems, in which all the development of material objects is populated. Form the ruk of matter, which lies in the basis of such a skin system, є special "technological" processes, these types of interactions, the skin of the genus, the singing class of appearances. Tsi systems є the first, "mother" systems in the light. Above dialectical self-evolving systems, such as bi, "supervise" systems of all other types: autonomous, correlated, etc.

From the point of view of this approach, the "geographic shell" is an understanding for the uniqueness of geographic systems, which are composed of elements of the hydrosphere and troposphere. For example, ocean, sea, lake, ice, etc. i disastrous masi They are formed over them, - the whole system, the way of depicting the geographic form of the ruch of the matter. (In їkh zmіst enter і sculptural forms of the relєfu, stems on the basis of heat and moisture exchange between the hydrosphere and troposphere). These geographic systems were eliminated until the life of the human suspension, with some ties to the biological and social form of the matter of motherhood, apparently. Ale і with the emergence of a number of different forms of the ruch of the material of the geographic system, the nose geographic form to the ruin of motherhood, to continue developing and developing, seeing one strong inflow from the side of biological and social forms to the destruction of motherhood. However, the zm_st of geographic systems do not have to enter.

Let's take the rank of "biosphere", meaning the supremacy of biological systems-nosy in the biological form of matter - biogeocenoses. As a biogeocenosis is not included in the range of geographic systems, it is composed of the elements of the hydrosphere and the troposphere (in the geographical form of the material), in the same way, the biosphere is a system, but it folds in the same quality of elements, in the envelope of the system with their single-quality elements.

The geographic shell has a great vertical strain, below the biosphere; in niy develop so geographic events yak klimat, stik and the shape of the sculptural forms of the relєfu. The biosphere yak bi is placed in geographic shell, Ale, perhaps before the human suspension, do not enter the zmist її. The adjustment of these types of systems for the wickedness and on the basis of the day (the form of the movement of matter) to speak on the cinnamon of the whole thing.

The biological concept of the "biosphere" is sometimes incorrectly associated with the geochemical concepts of the "biosphere", as it was introduced into the science of V.I. Vernadsky. For the help of this understanding, it is not only the area of ​​extended life that is known, but all those near the cordon with its area, which are aware of their own, or see the flow of life processes from the side. So, for example, the atmosphere of the Earth, muslin, which is a product of living organisms, and elements of the lithosphere, folded by organic waste, or flowing in from the side of a living, etc. , if not everything, then take a lot of this component.

It is not often in the scientific literature to see the relation to understand the "geographic shell" and the "biosphere" in the "biological sense". To understand, bachimo, to create a creative picture of nature, with a mutual fashion, human suspicion. Let me see if only one of them is overpowered, we have a wide range of appearances in our pose, we can see what is happening, if it is necessary to know the knowledge of them themselves.

Bagato is good for the intelligence in the folding system of connections of natural phenomena, one with one and with the human suspension and the understanding of the "landscape sphere", which is formed from the geographic landscapes. The rest are stored from biogeocenoses and elements of the hydrosphere, troposphere and lithosphere. The linkage of the components of a similar core system, as they have already been bachelor, does not allow a "food" synthesis, similar to being seen in self-developing systems. Navpaki, the correlative systemic relations of the "weak" causal-inherited interactions in self-developing systems. That is, the landscape sphere, and the surroundings of the geographic landscapes, such as systems, such as bi-permeate these types of systems, integrating these elements into a special type of integrity, and depending on the type of self-evolving systems. We have already guessed about those who, in the geographic literature (M.I.Milkov), persistently disseminate the "geographic envelope" and the landscape sphere.

As the analyst, analyzed by us, means the essence of the natural systems, when one sees one and the other, and behind the wickedness, then the “geographic middle” є the understanding of the relationship with the human suspension. The middle of the suspension. It does not mean an objectively functional system, but the representation of the same components in different types of systems, which are necessary for the establishment of human support in the singing stage of their development. Moreover, we didn’t mean that it’s a good understanding. It means both physical and geographical nature, as well as the inner nature for the suspension, the stem of the people and is the middle of the world. Tse is an economical and geographic middle ground.

Geographic shell and geographic middle. About geography, on the thought of bagatokh vchenikh, є geographic shell of the Earth as a whole, as I am a folding in the interlocking fashion and intertwining of the most popular processes and manifestations of the living and inanimate nature, Human suspension. At the link with the cim of the geography ob'ydriznyaetsya from the ob'ktiv of the sciences in its folding and complex.

Such a rank, geography vivchaє the nature of the earth's surface, as well as the population, as it lives there, and the dignity, which the population is busy with.

pid the nature of the earth's surface a natural-territorial complex, or a natural geosystem, or a natural landscape like dilyanka earth measles we dominate your relief, surface and underground waters, soil, spirits of organisms and the earth's sphere of the atmosphere.

population the appearance of the ear of a labor ear and figurine in the capacity of providing a suspension product and a representative of the new country to the process of suspension production.

domination - the price of all the halluses of the material virobnity and all the halluses of the non-viral sphere.

Ob'kt geographic doslіdzhennya- be it materially illumined or a manifestation on the earth's surface. Ob'єkt geographic caution- the object of geographic awareness, accessible to the most accurate description in all units of geographic preservation; in the absence of the left, there can be figuruvaties, come in - one of the places, areas, some of the things, a sign that allows you to break things out in the open and in the hour.

geographic center - the supremacy of objects and manifestations of nature (the earth's crust, the lower part of the atmosphere, water, ґprimary curvature, Roslinny i tvarinny svit), Acquaintances on this historical stage in the process of suspension production and warehousing necessary for the development and development of human suspension. The sphere of life and dіyalnostі of the human suspension (social sphere) is seen as one of the warehouse geographic middle ground.

geographic obolonka tse: 1) a natural geosystem, in the boundaries of which it stays, mutually penetrate one into one and interconnect the lower balls of the atmosphere, the near-upper comrades of the lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere; 2) foldable, bagatosharova shell, which can be stored in three main "spheres" - the lithosphere (earthly measles), hydrosphere (water shell), atmosphere (twisted shell). The biosphere is seen in a particular sphere. Itself in the whole space to develop a more intelligent life - a human being, a human suspension.

Such a rank, the geographic middle, or, in a wider sense, the geographic envelope as a whole (included in its social sphere), is the geographic object of all geographic sciences, and the subject of the vivification of the spacious and suspenseful hours of particularity. already, happy geography vivchaє the entire geographic envelope of the Earth.

Development of geographic science. Proceedingly, geography was transformed into a system of sciences, as the knowledge about the earth's surface was developed in the world, to feel the natural spheres, the life and the spirit of the people.

At the development of the phenomenon about the same geography, there are three main stages, the development of the cutaneous offensive from which it is imposed on the anterior and the cutaneous which is the idea. At the first stage of the development of a spacious analysis of the territory on the basis of the descriptive method. From the middle of the XIX century. another stage of development of geography should be repaired, if the start of a time-based analysis of geosystems on the basis of historical method... Geography has become a reference for food: if, for what reason. I, nareshty, from the middle of the XX century, on the ear of the third stage, the main task was the analysis of the interaction of the suspension and nature in the old historical stages and the folding of the forecast of the development of the suspension in the future. Until all the food beforehand, the word "bude" was given: de bude, shho bude, etc.

Head and function of geography . Prospects for the development of geography will begin with the development of science as a whole. The era of the scientific and technological revolution has improved the power of living on our planet. Vona posed new problems to the geographic middle new technology and the advancement of science in the field.

It is of great importance for geography that such functions have been developed, such as the development and solution of environmental problems and protection. dovkilla, Participation in ecological examinations of state-owned projects, monitoring of people’s development. Shchob virishuvati especially gostro seogodnі postali ecological problems, Geography of development of ecological geographic technologies (for example, GIS).

More important is geography - the design of territorial systems. The pinnacle of such a project is the optimization of the territorial organization of the suspension for the urahuvannya of the same landscape, the population, the state. The constructive role of geography in the life of people is to turn into the development of applied geograficheskikh doslidzhen They are based on new technologies, expensive computers and remote-space geo-information technologies, in conjunction with the production of these technologies for the character of the new mass geographic product.

Extremely important sights, cultural and educational, cultural, educational and information functions of geography. Wonderful role in the formulation and post-release cultural decline of people, the basics of knowledge about the world and the world of people in the whole world, the vison of the glorious functions. Riznomanitnі її cultural and educational functions. It is impossible to show sob in a fair way cultural people, I know the basics of geography. The history of geography - tse nevid'amna warehouse all-round history... Particularly the place of interest is the beginning of geography, which (in the broad sense of the word) includes such events and elements at the same hour, as I look for and average education, popularize and propagate the progress of science. Navchalna geography in the whole secures information field, ready for people to receive geographic information.

Introduction of geography in the beginning of the scientific picture of the svitu . Science, which has become a bezposerednoy productive force of the suspension, gives a rich new and practical important, economically effective in the country people "belongings", a polished life to the people. Vinikak nutrition: what is geography in the "skarbnichku"?

Otsinuyuchi has passed, today and in the future of geography, it is possible to say that the head of the field is located in the area of ​​development and development of the surface earthly coo, From small yogo delianoks to the whole planet.

The geographic picture is one of the best people to understand geographic science. Vona is free and rich, and is a complete manifestation of light (the first for everything and in the main - about the earth's surface).

In addition to the establishment of the geographic picture, modern geography takes an active part in the re-creation of the cultural middle age, passing from the important statement of facts and understanding of them to the engineering design of the geological and environmental systems.

Introduce the following processes into the development of the systems of geographical sciences:

♦ sociologization of all geography;

♦ humanization of geography, including strong economy;

♦ a lot of ecology.

In addition to the main ones, there are a number of trends in the development of geographic directions. Prior to them, the biology of geography is referred to, the transfer of the development of such sciences, such as, for example, also to the knowledge of bioclimatology. The mainstream of geographic genetics, the idea of ​​\ u200b \ u200bthe boule of N.I. Vavilov. You can be smart and smart geography... For example, on the verge of ecology economic geography American insight U. Isard created mathematical economic models of districts.

Geography- the science about the laws of development of spacious-clock systems (geosystems), which are formed on the earth's surface in the process of interaction between nature and suspension (on a scale that allows them to be represented on geographic and thematic maps), about methods of forecasting their control systems and their control. Meta geography - vivchennya pokazhennya, budovi, function, dynamism and development of spacious-hour natural-suspension geosystems. Vona є constructive science, poklikanoy organize the vastness of the life of the suspension. The development of rice from a geographic advance to the prelude to natural phenomena is an analysis of the relationship to the fuel and the intelligence of the natural middle of this suspicious life, its development in space and of the hour, the understanding of the global local government