The clear components of the representations of the State Holy Standard. State educational standard
V Subject to the Law Russian Federation"About education" in our country has introduced the standard of education (aka the educational standard).
Understand "standard" to resemble the Latin word "standard", which means "zrazok", "norm", "mirilo". pid the standard of education be smart the system of basic parameters, which is taken into account in the quality of the state standards of education, which provides the suspicious ideal and the versatility of the real specialty and the system and educates on the achievable ideal.
the main about'єktes of standardization in coverage є: yogo structure, zmіst, the obligation of the initial commissioning and preparation of the scholars. Norms and vimogues, established by the standard, are accepted as a standard when assessing the quality of the main aspects of education.
Chim viklikana standardization of education?
The need to carry out standardization of education in the field of health problems in the field of education in the field of suspicion. The turn of Russia to democracy, to rinkovyh vіdnosin, to the rights and freedoms of particularity, clamping down on the reappraisal of politics in the galuzy of education. The sphere of illumination is now directed towards the satisfaction of the spiritual needs of the specialness, and not towards the interest of the state. Tse, in its turn, zoomed the meanings of the changes in the organization of education. The first pledges gave a greater independence to the choice of wisdom, forms and methods of modernization.
The standardization of education is also tied to the time when the school transitions to new, larger forms of organization the initial process, Due to the status of the school, the introduction of new main plans, Big vilny vibir by schools of primary subjects and communication of the rest, the introduction of alternative manuals, the introduction of new technologies to the present, new and innovative and differentiated methods - all the costs of basic turbulence about safety holy space, I will allow you to take care of one rivn of illumination, possessed by the scholars in different types behind-the-scenes lighting installation(Lyceums, colleges, educational schools, both sovereign, municipal, as well as non-state, private). State sanctuary standard and this mechanism, which will preserve the vision of one in the land of sanctuary.
The standardization of the education of the viclikan is also possible for the women of Russia to enter the system of religious culture, which, when formulated in the background, educate the audience in the course of the international educational practice. I will give the Russian hulks of information about the information about the coverage outside the cordon.
The idea of standardization of coverage is not new for Russia. Vona was dreaming for the radiant hours. Wanting in the SRSR, as a rule, the understanding of the sovereign holy standard did not get used to, but the role was actually vikonuvat Edinews plans. The stench descended into the republics and boules as the basis of real school plans. The initial programs and plans for quietly rocky were led by the ideologization, they surrounded the teachers in the initiatives, and the students at the opportunity to choose the choice to educate them on the basis of their interests and health benefits. Ale tim not mensh edin navchalny plan yak bi virivnuvali coverage on the whole territory Radiansky Union... In fact, Bula has been revised into a practical idea of the introduction of environmental standards.
In the current hour of the state of the art, the standard does not follow the order of the initial process of a rigid template, but, navpaki, opens up a wide range of possibilities for pedagogical creativity, for the establishment of a basic viscous core for the development of the standard
State educational standards are developed at competitive ambushes, to be specified not earlier than once every 10 years, established by federal law, є obligatory for all the primary mortgages of the country, regardless of the order of the forms, typically.
There are three components in the lighting standard: federal, national-regional and school.
Federal component to the standard of designation, the norms, which will preserve the unity of the pedagogical space of Russia, as well as the integration of the specialness into the system of light culture. The federal component will provide a basic standard for the education of children in the whole territory of the country.
nationally regional component to the standard of designation, the norms, which are related to the competence of the regions (for example, in the field of native language and literature, geography, education, labor training, etc.). For the rakhunok of the national-regional component, it is necessary to gain consumer and interest in the education of all the peoples of the regions, the national culture of culture.
school component The wisdom of understanding the specifics and straightening out the initial mortgage. For the study of the school component from the levels of the federal and national-regional components, the skin school itself began the meeting of the initial hour, introduced to the development of quiet primary subjects, the depth and nature of the emergence of the type of decline in the prevalence.
The federal component of the standard is an indiscriminate part of it, how to look at each other in the edge; national-regional and school components are variable parts, as they systematically change and look at each other.
In 2001, an experiment was started on the transition to a twelve-year school. Experimental bases of primary planning have established the first in twelve classes of introductions scientific component. Over the years of the scientific component, new forms and priyom and organization are being implemented light process It will take care of a special organization, including the organization of individual and group sound-and-prelude robots, design and active development of scientists.
Normative documents scho regulate zmist osviti
Master plan- a normative document, which is the basis for a warehouse of items; order (last) їх vivchennya behind the rocky navchannya; tizhneve and ricne number of early years, which is introduced on the vivchennya [skin object; structure and triviality naval rock.
Practically happy zagalno-sacred school to pick up a few types of basic plans: basic primary plan, type federal and regional primary plans and primary school plans.
Basic initial plan- the main state normative document, such as є warehouse part Sovereign Holy Standard. A basic initial plan for a basic school and solidify the sovereign Duma, And for more middle school- The Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
Basic initial plan visitorє:
The triviality of navchannya (in navchalnye rock) і along the skin steps;
Maximum service for the initial supply of scientific research, a warehouse of religious areas and basic items;
The initial hour; to be introduced to mastering the knowledge of classes, educational areas and primary subjects;
Tizhnev will be given a new option for basic primary courses on the skin level of the external middle education, for the general ones to take on the vibrating studies and for the optional ones.
Basic initial plan є basis for development typical federal and regional plans and establish a copyright document for the financing of the sanctuary.
Regional naval plan to be developed by regional governing bodies on the basis of a basic basic plan. Carry the normative implementation on the rural region, є establish the basis for the development of the initial plan of the sanctuary.
Primary school plan stock up on the standards of the basic initial plan. There are two types of such plans: no master planі a robust master plan. On the basis of the sovereign basic initial plan for the trivial period to develop no basic plan. Vіn imagines the special features of a particular school (which can be accepted by one of the typical primary plans). For the urahuvannya of the current minds to shatter a robust master plan. Win chorically hardened by the pedagogical joy of the school.
The structures of the initial plan see:
Invariant part, I will take care of the study of scholars to foreign cultural and nationally significant values, the formulation of special qualities, all kinds of suspicious ideals;
variable part, I will preserve the individual character of the development of schoolchildren and vrahovu and their specialties, interest and scholarship.
In the nascent plan of the nascent nativity scene, two parts are represented by three main types to occupy: ob'yazkovyy busy, warehouse base the core of the home middle education; obov'yazkovyy busy for the selection of uchn_v; optional employment.
Yak butt guided by the basic plan of the initial plan RF.
By means of realizing educational standards in practice to serve educational programs, how are they called basic programs. The term "education program" is official, fixed in the Law of Ukraine "About education".
Osvitnі programs visas start to educate the singing rіvnі and straightforwardness. The Russian Federation implements educational programs, inbound(Basic and supplementary) and professional(Basic and supplementary).
outbound programs directing to the development of the establishment of the foreign culture of the specialty, adaptation of the specialty to living in the suspension, on the basis of the basis for the assimilated vibration and mastering of the professional lighting programs.
Prior to the preschool education, programs of preschool education, pochatkovo home coverage, Main home education, middle (more) home education.
Professional education programs Directly on the date of the last promotion of the professional and educational studies, preparation of the advanced qualifications.
Before the professional one should have the programs of the cob professional education, the middle professional education, All-inclusive professional education, educational professional education.
An ob'yazkovy minimum for the wisdom of the skin, the basic educational programs, and the basic professional educational programs (for a specific profession, specialty) will be established in the new state regulatory standards for mastering them.
Educational programs are implemented in preschool educational establishments, educational establishments for early-stage, main backward, middle-backward illumination, including in special (short-term) educational establishments for teaching zalishilsya without pіkluvannya batkіv (legal representatives).
The educational programs of special (Korean) educational establishments are developed on the basis of the basic educational programs for the development of psychophysical features and abilities of scientists.
Osvitnі programs preschool, pohatkovoi zagalnoy, main zagalya and middle zagalo ї education є decline, that is.
It is more detailed and understandable, it is a prescriptive program that can be implemented in schools. Most often they are called the basic programs of the singing subject.
Start program- there is a normative document, which will enrich the basic knowledge, minus and navichok, which are guilty but acquired according to the skin condition taken from the initial object.
Start programs can be used typical robotsі copyright.
Type The main programs are developed on the basis of the State Educational Standard of the discipline. Smell of a recommendation character.
work The new programs are based on typical ones, set up by the pedagogical joy of the school. Smell represent the sanctuary standard and flexibility of a specific initial mortgage.
copyright initial programs to meet the requirements of the holy standard initial material, The author's look at the illusions of phenomena and processes. The stench is negotiated (zayshchayutsya) on school pedagogues or zidannyah district methodical ob'єdnan. For what programs are hardened for the victorian in the initial process. Author's programs are most often developed For courses by choice, electives.
The basic programs in the structural communication are stored in three main components. The first component is Let me explain the note in which case the aim of the development of a given particular primary subject in the systems of primary disciplines of the primary school, the basic establishment of the primary subject, the new state of the world, the primary science of the subject, should begin Another component - vlasne zm_st osviti: a thematic plan, a change of distributions and topics in the course, the main understanding, a little help, you can see and take. The third component is actions methodical instructions about the way of implementation of programs.
Historically, there were two structural methods for the basic material in programs: concentricі line. We will stay for an hour to expand spiral way wiklade. isnu also zmіshana the structure of the wikklad navchany material.
line way viklada polyagaє in the fact that the material for the skin offensive ryvnі navchannya є the logical advances of the one who lived in the forefront of rock.
at concentric method to the material of the given step of the beginning in a larger accelerated viglyadi to vivchauke on the offensive scuttles. Concentrism of consideration of the need for special features uchn_v.
characteristic feature spiral way to the material є those who are gradually expanding and getting lost in knowledge of this problem. On the view of concentric structures, in case of any problems, it takes an hour to navigate through a few rocks, there are no such interruptions in the spinal structures.
isnu also change of way to the material, which is a combination of vishchevkazanikh pidhodiv.
Specific zm_st of illumination material v bearers and supervisors different types: anthologies, prescripts, problem books, books for supplementary reading, workshops, collections of texts, vocabularies, maps, atlases, manual books for scholars and readers, initial-methodical complexes, Working zoshitah and ін. Also, take advantage of the electronic media (video discs, video cassettes, computer programs).
The most important value in the design of the material is to be laid down by the handler. Pidruchnik - the whole book, vicladaє the basics of scientific knowledge of the Singing new subject.
Pidruchnik vikonuє two main functions: є Dzherelnogo information, which is opened in the accessible form for scholars of the form of transmission by the sanctioned standard zmist; In addition, the organization of the educational process, including the self-education of scientists, is organized.
The structure of the handler includes text(Yak head component) i out-of-text(Additional) components.
Texts are available on texts-inventories, texts-reports, texts-mirkuvannya. also see basic, supplementary and explanatory texts.
The main text, in its own right, it is divided into two components: theoretical-educational and instrumental-practical. The theoretical-cognitive component is related to: basic terms; the keys to the understanding and the value; basic facts, appearances, processes, events; until; describe laws, theories, provincial ideas; Visnovki і etc.
To the instrumental-practical component, the characteristics of the basic methods of knowledge, the rules for storing knowledge, methods of mastering and self-priming knowledge are introduced; describe the project, before, right, experiments; look around, split, systematize and integrate the initial material.
additional text including documents; textbook material; zvernennya before reading; biographical, folklore, statistical views; additional materials, Scho go beyond the program.
explanatory text including subject introduction to the handler, razdilakh, chapters; primitki, rose'explained; vocabularies; visnatniki; explained to maps, diagrams, diagrams; showers.
Krim in the beginning of the text, in handcuffs to take revenge so called out-of-text components. Introduce to extra-textual components apparatus for organizing the acquisition of material; іlustrativny material; apartment orієntuvannya.
The apparatus for organizing the assimilation of material includes: food, management, memorials, instructive materials, tables, typefaces, letters to the illustrative material, right.
Subject and plot materials, documents, technical pictures, diagrams, diagrams, plans, armchairs, instructional techniques, graphics, presenters, illustrations are introduced to the illustrative material.
The apparatus of the organization includes peredmov, zmist, primitki, supplements, showers, signal-symbols.
Upgraded to the handler є newcomers, how to freeze and expand your change.
Before new literature, Especially handcuffs, are presented by vimogi. The handler is guilty of the uniqueness of the representation of the logic of science, the logic of the primary programs, and the logic of the primary subject. Guilty of the vengeance of high scientific material and immediately available for scientists, in the specialty of their interests, reception, misinformation, memory. The formulation of the main provisions, the reasons for guilt, are borne out by the borderline clarity and readiness. Mova to viklad material is guilty of butti pod_bny, zhoplyuyuchiy-with elements of the problematic viklad. A good handler of informative, erudition, spontaneous to self-knowledge and creativity.
Food for self-control
1. How smart is it?
2. Name the way to the date of the day for the vision.
3. What are the criteria and the principle for choosing the wisdom of education?
4. What is the status of the Sovereign Holy Standard?
5. What are the normative documents that regulate the change of coverage?
Basic literature
1. Pedagogy: Textbook. posibnik for stud. ped. university and ped. colleges / Ed. P. I. Perky. M .: Pedagogical partnership of Russia, 1998 ..
2. Kharlamov I. F. Pedagogy: Compact, navch. well. Minsk.: University, 2001 ..
3. A. V. Khutorskiy Modern didactics: Pidruchnik for universities. SPb.: Peter, 2001.
Dodatkova Literature
1. Zuєv D. D. Schoolboy. M., 1983.
2. Yakim buti handler: didactic principle motivate / Ed. І. J. Lerner and M. M. Shakhmaev. Part 1.2. M., 1992.
3. National doctrine of education in the Russian Federation // Narodna osvita. 2000. No. 2.
4. The concept of the structure and the zmestu of the home middle education (in the 12th school). M., 2001.
One of the current tendencies is the development of a zmistu of illumination and standardization, as a viclikan with two surroundings. First, for all the need for a set in the land of one pedagogical space, for everybody who will be taken care of, a single rivn of foreign education, possessed by young people in different types of educational establishments. The standardization of the wisdom of education has been summarized by the members of the Russian Federation in the system of religious culture, which is in keeping with the tendencies to develop the wisdom of foreign education in the international educational practice.
Understand the standard to be like English word standart, scho means norm, zrazok, mіrilo. The main recognition of the standards of the field in such organization and regulation of the visibility and activity of people, as it is based on the variety of products with the singing powers and qualities, so that they are satisfied with the consumption of the suspension.
Standardization, for the sake of thinking the distribution and registration of standards, є the actively necessary performance in order to practice, the stabilization in the entire system, as quickly as possible.
According to the standard, the system of basic parameters is to be considered, which is accepted in the state of the state standards of illumination, as well as the suspicious ideal and the feasibility of the real specialty and the system and the illumination of the current state of affairs.
We have a sense of standardization of education in deceived lands For a long time, we have been looking for help in the development of the main plans and programs, the establishment of the singing level of education and development. However, the term "standard" itself has become a common knowledge recently.
The order of the law "On education" is the standard of coverage є the main normative document, which does not contain the clouded part of the Law. Winning development and concretization of such characteristics of education, such as change, its level and form of presentation, in the introduction of methods and form of visualization and interpretation of the results of the present. For an additional standard, it is necessary to ensure that the stability of the necessary level of education is ensured, it is constantly improved and thoroughly developed, which will lead to the prospects for the development of the suspension.
An important indicator of the system to educate is to serve as the steps of democratic character to the standard, as the first for everything is characterized by the allocation of a part of education, centrally regulated by the authorities, with a part of education, and independently by primary mortgages.
The law of the Russian Federation "On education" as amended, introduced in 1996, was passed on by the state authorities to regulate depriving the minimum necessary level of coverage. The quality of education is within the competence of educational institutions. The axis of which in the sovereign standard of outlandish middle education is seen in three terms: federal, national-regional and school.
The federal component is the origin of standards, which will preserve the unity of the pedagogical space of Russia, as well as the integration of specialness into the system of religious culture.
National-regional component to revenge standards in the region rіdnoї moviі literature, history, geography, mystery, labor training and іn. The stench is referred to the competence of the regions and the establishment of the knowledge.
Nareshty, the standard is to establish a general component of education, showing the specificity and directness of the surrounding light mortgage.
Otzhe, the standard of illumination, from one side, depicts the stubs of the state in front of its own man, and from the other - the huge man in front of the state in the illumination. The state of imperialism, from its own community, has reached the level of education and guarantor in its own capacity, necessary for the whole level of sanctuary services.
Federal and national-regional components of the standard of coverage include:
A description of the wisdom to educate on the skin from the yogo steps, as the state of mind is needed in the society of the necessary educational training;
vimogi to the minimum necessary such preparatory studies within the framework of the intended obligation to change;
the maximum allowable obligation of the new schoolchildren for the rockets of the school.
The essence of the standard of middle-class education is revealed through its functions, which are both flexible and well-connected between oneself. Among them there is a view of the functions of social regulation, humanization of education, management, promotion of the quality of education.
Function of social regulation of the viclikan by the transition from the university school to development lighting systems... Її implementation of transmission of such a mechanism, such as zapobіg bi ruynuvannya nosti nosti. In the period of active mockery of new nobles and models, the introduction of educational standards for the development of stabilization and regulation, the role that does not interfere with the development of specific regional approaches, for the development of programs for new types of schools,
Osvitnі standards fіksuyut obsyag and the level of the basic basic education. The real programs behind their wickedness can be adapted to the standard in terms of latitude, and because of the amount of preparation they propose for the scientists, but all the stink of crop-knitting for the sake of safety is no lower set by the standard. At the same time, you will be allowed to seek the middle of the country of the deyakogo guaranteed quality of training in graduate schools, which you can sneak into when organizing a new event. We ourselves take care of the equivalence of education - the most important factor in the development of demographic and social problems: the possibilities of migration of the population, the knowledge of documents about the education, adopted in different regions, etc.
The function of humanization of education is tied to the approval of additional standards for its special development day.
Reading the minimum value before the educational preparation of the scientists for the differentiation of the present, so that the transfer of the possibility of the modern material on the ages. With such a rank, changes of mind are set for the development of super-versatility between rights and regulations:
The right to be immobilized when an important or disliked subject is brought up by the minions, learning from the unbearable sumarity of the starting point and allowing them to realize their interests and scholarship. With tsom display information about the standards, yes, the ability of the schoolchildren is learned to pick up the individual trajectory of their development.
Such an idea to the wisdom of the outward education in the meaning of the world of knowledge is not true emotional and psychological stress of scientists, allowing the skin to start at the most feasible level of education, the form of a positive motive for the development of school
The management function is tied to the ability to reorganize the operational system and monitor and assess the quality of the results of the new operation.
The introduction of standards allows for the inclusion of spontaneity and voluntarism in the development of the system and criteria for the quality of education of schoolchildren, the development of activity and informativeness of control, and the unification of assessments. Rewarding reliable information about the real country of the right in the school to open the mind to take the established management solutions at all levels of education.
State educational standards allow for the function of improving the quality of education. The stench of praise for fiksuvati is minimally necessary for the wisdom of education and to set the lower permissible between the level of education. Prior to the introduction of state-owned observational norms, there had been no decline. The new warning and the announcement about the quality of the backyard education were organized spontaneously; The visibility of those who were clearly reddened between the occupations led to the fact that the real knowledge of bagatokh vypusknikiv fell into a superficially low level, and high r_ven coverage of schoolchildren are not overwhelmed by the problem of coverage as a whole.
The introduction of sanctuary standards allows food to be guaranteed by the skin science, the preset level of the basic culture of the specialty, the admission zalny ravnya coverage and, hence, improvement of the quality of coverage in general.
In such a rank, the implementation of the main functions to the standard of home education for the sake of preserving the same space in the minds of different types of schools, national and regional models of education; the formation in the study of positive motivation for the development of the establishment, the promotion of the availability of the initial material, the normalization of the initial material, the knowledge of the promulgated ones to the level of understanding and the criteria of the assessment; the transition to the assessment of the results of the teacher on the basis of the assessment of the schoolchildren's achievements in the standard of education; Acceptance of rimmed management solutions; guaranteed vision in the beginning of the hour for occupying the choice of scholars every day to every health, interest and scholarship.
Until the present hour, the educational standards are here and beyond the cordon the boules are presented at the school's programs and before the level of training for schoolchildren in the field of primary subjects. The initial structure of the zm_stu insight began with a typical primal plan, formed by the essence of an empirical rank. The standard of education allows for the importance not to be empirically assigned to the primary objects, but to the basic education areas, A set of scientific priming. On the basis of the total number of regions, which are warehouses, the core of the home middle education, can be broken down into the most popular work in the main planning.
In accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" in our country, the standards of education were introduced (aka the educational standards).
Understand "standard" to resemble the Latin word standart, which means "zrazok", "norm", "mirilo". pid the standard of education There is a system of basic parameters that is accepted in the capacity of state standards of education, so that a suspicious ideal and viable flexibility of a real specialty and a system to educate in accordance with the current ideal is considered.
The terms "standard of education", "educational standard" have renounced international status, to get used to rіznih lands... The name is set. For example, Great Britain has a "national primary plan".
The main objects of standardization in education are the structure, the change, the obligation of the initial commissioning and the stage of training of the scholars. Norms and vimogues, established by the standard, are accepted as a standard when assessing the quality of the main aspects of education.
What is the need for standardization of education?
Carrying out the standardization of education is dictated by fundamental changes in the field of education in the field of suspicion. Russia turn to democracy, Rinkovs
to the name, rights and freedoms, specialness, squeezing the reappraisal of politics in the galuze of education. The sphere of education is now directed to meet the needs of special needs. Tse, in its turn, zoomed the meanings of change in the organization of education, vibration, forms and methods of science.
The standardization of education is also related to the transition of schools to new, larger forms of organization of the initial process, replacing the status of basic schools, the introduction of new basic plans, and larger introduction of vibrational subjects by schools Nowadays, the modernization and differentiation of the modern society has clamped down on the preservation of the basic unity of the lighting space, so that it allows the protection of a single level of education, acquired by scholars in different types of lighting installations. State sanctuary standard є with this mechanism, which will preserve the vision of one in the land of sanctuary.
In addition, the standardization of the education of the wiklican for the people of Russia should be included in the system of religious culture, so that in the process of formulating the education of the awareness of the current international educational practice. I will give the Russian hulks of information about the information about the coverage outside the cordon.
In our country, the idea of standardization of coverage has been growing for the radiant hours. If I wanted to be in the SRSR, I didn’t lose sight of the sovereign sanctuary standard, but the role was actually played by Edin Navchalny Plani. The stench descended into the republics and boules as the basis of real school plans.
The initial programs and the plans for quietly rocky evolved into ideologization and actually surrounded the teachers in the initiatives, and the scientists - in the opportunity of choosing the choice of learning about the ideas to their own interests. However, with such a rank of Bula, in practice, the idea of educational standards has been revised.
The introduction of a sovereign standard does not mean a sub-order of the initial process to a rigid template, but, navpaki, creates a wide range of possibilities for the pedagogical
creativity, stemming near the ligamentous core zmistu (chim is the standard) of variable programs, innovative technologies, newcomers.
State educational standards are developed at competitive ambushes; to be clarified not earlier than once every ten times; vstanovlyuyuyutsya federal laws є binding for all the principal mortgages of the land for the visitor, independent of the order, type and power.
Three components have been established in the educational standard for educational and cultural events: federal, national-regional and school.
Federal component to the standard of designation, the norms, which will preserve the unity of the light space of Russia, as well as the integration of special features into the system of light culture.
National-regional component Design standards that apply to the competence of the region (for example, in the field of native language and literature, geography, education, labor training, etc.).
school component The wisdom of understanding the specifics and straightening out the initial mortgage.
The federal component of the standard is an indiscriminate part of it, how to look at each other in the edge; national-regional and school components - variable warehouses, which are systematically updated.
The Law of Ukraine "About education" has been given that the state authorities regulate the obligatory minimum for the basic education programs, the maximum obligation for the new education, and until the level of training for graduates. The appointment of the zm_stu to insight on the obligatory minimum in the interim of the establishment of the initial appointment is in the competence of the chief pledges.
V standard warehouse enter: a typical (basic) initial plan of the chief mortgages, Zagalna characteristic Invariant and variable storage facilities, the state of the art before the level of foreign training of scientists.
7.4. Navchalny plans, programs, assistants and navchalnі posіbniki
Primary plan - a document, which is the starting point for a warehouse of basic items, initial mortgage, The order (last) of the date and the number of the first years, which is introduced to the leather object in the day; the triviality of the beginning of the rock and the canal.
Seeing the basic initial plan as a typical and initial plan, breaking up with a specific initial mortgage.
V baseline initial plan representations of the transformation of all primary disciplines for the rocks of new life in schools (universities). The pre-school subjects are divided into three groups: basic (basic - federal component), after the selection of scholars (regional component), and subjects that are taught by a school, university component (school, university). The basic basic plan will have a period of time in different educational areas, electives, courses by choice.
On the basis of the basic development of the primary school planning (VNZ) with regard to the specifics. Central planning for daytime, evening, extramural, distance learning forms.
On the basis of the initial plans, the initial programs are stored.
Start program to revenge an explanatory note about the purpose of education of a given subject, about the basic training to knowledge and knowledge of students (students), thematic planning of the initial material from the subject in the skin class (courses); a viable program - a change of distributions and topics according to the course, a change of initial possession and specific references, necessary for the given course; recommended literature; food for control; subject of coursework, quality work (in the university).
Typical initial programs are developed on the basis of the State Educational Standard for Singing Discipline. Smell of a recommendation character.
The work of the initial programs is set up on the basis of typical ones, solidified by the pedagogical joy of the school (in higher education institutions - the solutions of the provincial department). Smell represent the sanctuary standard and flexibility of a specific initial mortgage.
Author's initial programs to meet the requirements of the sanctuary standard, but also the mother's logic to the initial material, the author's look at the illusions and processes. Basically, vikoristovuyut in courses for the choice, electives.
Historically, there have been two ways to stimulate these programs: concentric and linear.
at concentric method Encourage the material for this step in the more accelerated viglyad vivchayte) on the offensive. Concentrism of the understanding of the need for vrahuvannya of the specific features of the scientific community.
line way induce chief programs stock up v In addition, it is material to the skin offensive to the logical progress of the one who was living in the forefront of rock. Tsey sposib is more economical.
The specific wisdom of the illumination material is revealed in the hands and the head of the family.
Pidruchnikє dzherelom initial information and in the beginning of the day, visualizing the process and the change of knowledge.
In a handcuffs head form є text. Win for:
Basic (basic terms, values, basic facts, appearances, processes, reasons; description of laws, theories, provincial ideas, etc.);
Dodatkovy (documents, textbooks and prior materials, biographical data, statistical views and information);
Explaining (introduction, remarks, explanation, vocabularies, showers, etc.).
Upgraded to the handler є newcomers, how to lose things in materials, to complement them. Before by the chiefs annotations of anthologies, collection of workshops, atlases, collection of books are entitled to that in.