The position of the Indian Ocean. Indian Ocean: geographic location

Geographic location. Indian Ocean rosetting in general during the winter season in Africa - at the entrance, Eurasian - at winter, the Sunda Islands and Australia - at the descent, Antarctica - at the entrance. The Indian Ocean on the first set is widely seen from Atlantic Ocean, And on the first descent - from Tikhim. The coastal line is poorly dissected. In the ocean there are many seas, there are great inflows. There are a lot of islands. Most of them are located close to the Uzbek mainland.
Bottom relief. Yak in the Oceans, the bottom topography in the Indian Ocean is foldable and versatile. In the middle of the rise at the bottom of the ocean, there is a system of mid-ocean ridges, which diverge to the winter and early stages. The ridges are characterized by rift and transverse fractures, seismicity and sub-water volcanism. Between the ridges lie a number of high waterways. The shelf is generally small in width. Alena is a significant bilya of the shores of Asia.
Mineral resources. At the Persian zatotsi, the bilya of the Uzbeks of the Western Indies and the bilya of the shores of Australia, the significant genera of oil and gas. At the bottom of the bagatokh ulogovin viyavleni large reserves zalizo-manganese concretes. At the time of siege on the shelf, there are tin ore, Phosphority, gold.
Climat. The main part of the Indian Ocean lies in the equatorial, subquatorial and tropical belts, only the part of the Indian Ocean is located in high latitudes, right up to the subantarctic. The main specialty To the ocean - the season is in the third part of the island, and it’s sizable to a significant amount of land. Tomorrow, in the private part of the ocean, there are two seasons and rock - warm, quiet, sleepy winter and specotne, hmarne, board, stormy summer. On a half-day from 10 ° N lat. panun pivdenno-skidny pasat. Pivdennish, in outside latitudes, Dme strong and stylish retarded wind. The number of fallen goods is indicated in to the equivalent belt- up to 3000 mm per pik. There are even fewer fallows on the shores of Arabia, in the Red Sea and the Persian Sea.
Tech. At the private part of the ocean, there are changes in the flow of monitors for the coverage of the leaks, and the system of leaks is raised according to the seasons of the rock: summer muson - right from the entry to the turn, wintering - from the start. In the first part of the ocean, the most significant are the Pivdenna Passat current and the current of the Western winds.
The power of the waters. Average temperature surface waters+ 17 ° C. The average temperature is lowered because of the strong cooling inflow of Antarctic waters. The private part of the ocean is kindly warming up, it is relieved by the influx of cold waters, and that is not enough. At the same time, the water temperature in Persian, however, rises up to + 34 ° C. At the beginning of the season, the water temperature gradually decreases with increasing latitude. The salinity of the surface waters near the Bagatyokh regions is lower than the middle, and in the Red Sea it is especially high (up to 42 ppm).
organic light... There is a lot of space in the Pacific Ocean. Bagatiy і versatile species warehouse of ribs. Sardinella, anchovy, mackerel, tuna, coriphene, shark, flying ribs live near the private part of the Indian Ocean. Near the waters of the river - nototenic and bilokrivkovy; whale-like and pinnipeds are detected. Especially rich organic light on the shelf and coral reefs. The overgrowths of algae blot out the shores of Australia, Pivdennoy Africa, islands. Great promises for the purchase of crayfish (lobsters, shrimps, krill, etc.). In the whole biological resource of the Indian Ocean, there is still little vivification and lack of vicarious growth.
Natural complexes. Pivnichna part of the ocean lie in tropical belt... A spill of aquatic complexes is formed in the inflow of land and monsoon circulation in the whole belt, which is influenced by the power of water masses. Especially the difference is in the salinity of the waters.
In the equatorial zone, the temperature of surface waters does not change until the seasons. Above the abundance of the bottom and at the coral islands in the whole belt, a lot of plankton develop, and the bio-productivity grows. Such waters are full of tuna.
Zonal complexes of the pivdennaya pivkuli in wild rice similar in natural minds on the analogous belt of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
Gospodarske vikoristannya. biological resources The inhabitants of the Indian Ocean have been victorious for the inhabitants of the Uzbeks for immemorial hours. Until now, ribs and other seafoods have been playing an important role in the government of the Bagatioh region. However natural resources the ocean vikoristovuyutsya in the smaller world, lower in the other oceans. Biological productivity of the ocean in general, it is growing only on the shelf and on the mainland.
The chemical resources of the waters leave the ocean weakly to grow. On a great scale, the definition of saline waters is being carried out in the lands of Blizky Skhod, because there is a shortage of good water.
mid mineral resources the birth of oil and gas is seen. For їkh reserves and vidobutku the Indian Ocean sits on the first place in the Svitovoy Ocean. The coastal sea routes have important minerals and metal.
Important transport routes pass through the Indian Ocean. In the development of shipbuilding, the ocean is surrendered to the Atlantic and the Pacific, but for the obligations of the transported naphtha, the ocean is overturned. Pers'ka Zatoka is the main naftoexport district of the city, the great vantazhopotіk of naphtha and naftoproducts should be repaired. Moreover, in the whole region, it is necessary to systematically watch over the camp of the water center and protect it from the naphtha obstruction.

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Physical geography of continents and oceans

INDIAN OCEAN: geographic location

Indian Ocean - third by value Ocean of the Earth (Pacific and Atlantic), which is now in the early summer. At the winter and winter descent, it is surrounded by Eurasian, at the entrance - by Africa, at the early descent - by the Antarctic convergence zone (as the view of the New Ocean). The area of ​​the ocean (to the shores of Antarctica) is 76.2 million km2, the volume of water is 282.6 million km3 (Fig. 3).

Small. 3. Between oceans.

At the winter entry and winter, i.e., on the side of Africa and Eurasia, a great deal rises into the Indian Ocean p_vostrova, A number of seas and inflows were flown, which may be less likely, the depth of the sea and the bottom of the Buda were growing. The chain of the Somali and Arabian rivers, which surrounds the Chervona Sea and the Adenskoy inflow, is surrounded by the Bab-el-Mandebskoy channel. Distant to the path between the Arabian Sea and the Bengal inlet, which, in fact, is also near the sea, far away into the ocean rises a tricky shave of the Indian subcontinent. The Arabian Sea through the outflow of Oman and the Ormuz canal will go to the Perskoy outflow, which is actually є internal sea Indian Ocean.

Like the Red Sea, the Persian inflow to knock out from the beginning to the winter off. The price is most likely to be pushed into the private part of the Indian Ocean. Tilki against the vuzkoy and deep graben of the Red Sea The Perska inflow of a whole lot of rashes in the boundaries of the shelf, occupying a part of the Aram of the marginal depression. In the second areas of the Indian Ocean shelf, the width is not more than 100 km. Vinyatok to become the shelf of Pivnichno, Pivnichno-Western and Western Australia, including the shelf of the Great Australian outflow.

On the way and from the early period from the Bengal inlet to the Indian Ocean, the Andaman Sea goes through the Andaman Sea and the Andaman and Nikobarsk Islands, Sumatra and the Indochina and Malacha, as well as the Arafur and Rosean Sea In the first place, the Indian Ocean can be easily connected to the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. The demolition of the cordon between them is carried out along 147 ° sideways and 20 ° sideways (Div. Fig. 3).

Great mainland islands in the Indian Ocean Trocha. The stench is found on small sides of the continent, in parts like є. Only the most middle of them - Madagascar (quarters behind the area of ​​the islands of the Earth) - rises out of Africa by the Mozambican channel 400 km wide. Part of the islands of the Zond Archipelago - Sumatra, Java and other islands - also goes to the Indian Ocean. For the first time, in the immediate vicinity of India, there are the islands of Shri-Lanka.

In the open part of the Indian Ocean, there are numerous islands and archipelagos volcanic hike... At the private part of the ocean, there are plenty of them with coral spores.

• Pacific Ocean
• Indian Ocean
  • Ocean bed, mid-ocean ridges and transition zones

Food: Description of the Indian Ocean according to the plan 7 class 1 Geographic position of the ocean 2 short history insight and premonition of nature to the ocean 3 Relief of the bottom and corisnas 4 Climate and power of waters (temperature, salinity) 5 surface leaks in the ocean 6 Organic light 7 - Zonal natural complexes and azonal aquatic complexes in the ocean 8- Vidi gosp. people in the ocean

Description of the Indian Ocean according to the plan 7 class 1 Geographic position of the ocean 2 Short history of the ocean's history and pre-development of the ocean 3 Relief of the bottom and brown copalines 4 Climate and power of waters (temperature, salinity) 5 Top of the ocean 6 currents aquatic complexes in the ocean 8- Vidi gosp. people in the ocean

as follows:

1) Generally and more often to be in the middle of the season between Africa at the entrance, Eurasian at winter, Antarctica at the winter, the Zond Islands and Australia at the descent. 3) The bottom of the ocean is seen by the systems of mid-oceanic ridges, which diverge to the first stage and the first stage. The ridges are characterized by: Rift, sub-water volcanism, seismicity, transverse fractures. Between the ridges of the glibovodnі waterways. The shelf is generally small in width. 4) The main feature of the ocean climate is the seasonal during the three months in the first private part. Tomorrow, in the private part of the ocean, there are two seasons and rock - warm, quiet, sleepy winter and specotne, hmarne summer. The number of fallen goods in the equatorial belt is up to 3000 mm per river. Trickle -6-17 degrees, infusion 10-22 degrees. Salinity 34.7-34.8%. 5) Top leaks can be divided into 3 sections: monetary, leaks of the first drink, the leaks of the seas. Main currents: Misu Golkovoi, Pivdenno-Indiyskiy, Somalyyske, Madagascar, Bengelskoe, Zakhidno-Australiske. 6) There is a lot of sleep in the Pacific Ocean. See tvarin: anchovy, tuna, sharks, flying ribs, mackerel, coriphenes, birch ribs. 7) Lead the private part of the Indian Ocean to be in the tropical zone. Here, the waters of the ocean will rise behind the rakhunok of the most creepy dzherel. In addition, there is an aquatic complex in this part. Lead the ocean more salty, the stench does not wash away the water from the land. There is also a great viparovannya vodi in this part. Here the already formed aquatic complex. 8) Ribalism and sea promise. Axis of such g. active people in the ocean.

Similar food

• Numbered step by step in the order of їх work in the process of inhalation:

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  Diffusion of gases in tissues

  Oxidative processes in cells

  Blood gas transport

  Diffusion of gases in the legends

Abstract to the lesson in geography on the topic

"Indian Ocean"

Klas: 7

tsіlі:

1. formulate a statement about the peculiarities of the nature of the Indian Ocean, learn about the scientists with the climate, the state vicarious people of the Indian Ocean

2.development of practice with cartographic material, and of storage of characteristics geographic object

3. vikhovuvati ecological culture.

ustatkuvannya:

pivkul card, cards.

plan

I... organizing the class

II... Actualization of knowledge in the form of frontal experience

III... vivchennya news by those

1.characteristic of the geographical position of the Indian Ocean

2.approach the teacher about the boundaries of the Indian Ocean

3.primarily secured

4.the robot behind the cards

5.setting tables

IV... closure

V... pid bag

Go to lesson

organizing the class

II . Actualization of knowledge in the form of frontal experience

Viznachate, scho mean tsi digits:

a) 178.6 million sq. km - area The Pacific

b) 710 million sq. km - a lot of water in the ocean

c) 3980 m - middle depth

d) 11022 m - most glibine

e) 13 - seas in the ocean

f) 36.5 ‰ - average salinity

g) +18.1 - average temperature of the surface ball.

- Say, how am I going to occupy the Pacific Ocean from the backyard area of ​​the Svitovoy Ocean?

The figure is significant. Quiet - the most popular and the largest over the ocean (display on the map).

-Who was the first to hit the Pacific Ocean from Europeans?

- Why would you call him Quiet?

- Yak are called waste tropical hurricanes?

Show on the maps of the Pacific Ocean and the first sea.

III .

During the season you will learn about the peculiarities of the nature of the Indian Ocean, learn about the climate of the Indian Ocean and the State Victory.

1.

The plan will describe the geographical location of the ocean.

1. The yakim continents are surrounded by the ocean.

2. Yak oceans of rasprostavaniya shodo ekvatora, paths and polar kil.

3. The blue oceans appear and pass between them.

The peculiarity of the geographical position of the Indian Ocean is that 84% of this area lies in the Pivdenniy Pivkul. Win is not able to connect with the Pivnichny Ldovity Ocean.

- Name the continents that border the Indian Ocean (display on the map).

2. The Indian Ocean of the spreading between the continents of Africa, Australia, Antarctica and Asia.

The last cordon of the Indian Ocean is to serve as a meridian of the 20º of the western direction for the duration of the journey between Antarctica and Africa.

On the North-East, the ocean is surrounded by a private entrance to the Malaksky channel, South-West and South by the shores of the great and Malikh Zond islands, South-West Uzbeks News of Guinea to the girla r. Benebek, travel by water to York metro station. At the descent of the cordon, pass along the birch of Australia to c. Pivdenno-Skhidny, then cross the Basov channel to the north-west edge of Tasmania, further along the western birch to c. Pivdenny, to some extent along the meridian of 147 ° N. (Show on cards).

- De pass the Holy Path?

The winter trail is to pass approximately on the first winds of the winds and the winds of the ocean. The Indian Ocean in the private part is significant from the continents and archipelagos. It is not necessary to visit the Atlantic and Pacific oceans in the early part of the world.

3.

- Tell me, how does the Indian Ocean get to the Pacific and Atlantic?

- There are 6 seas to the Indian Ocean. Name the sea and write it down for the zoshit.

Zagalna square To the Indian Ocean, 76.2 million sq. M. km.

View the atlases on the sides of the 18th-19th and start of the middle most glybin in the oceans.

Average Glybin 3711 m, and naybilsha - 7729 m.

The average temperature of the surface ball becomes + 17 ° C.

Average salinity doorway 36.5 ‰.

Robot on maps atlas.

- Show on the map the Indian Ocean and this border.

- Know the channels of the Indian Ocean on the map.

- Show the islands of the Indian Ocean.

- Know and show on the map of the sea of ​​the Indian Ocean.

- Show on the map the inflows of the Indian Ocean.

4. Robot in groups.

Infectious I will give you cards with a set of text and food. Be sure to respectfully read the text and advice on nutrition. Then you can learn the class with your robot, all of them memorize the table.

Card number 1. Climatic minds of the Indian Ocean.

Features climatic minds The Indian Ocean is due to its geographical position and configuration of the continent. The Indian Ocean is the warmest and most salty. The most significant inflow to rob the high heat and heat in the latitudes, Asia and the mountainous, and even colder Antarctica. Wide coverage of the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, atmospheric and oceanic circulation also flows into the ocean climate.

The pivnichna part is very strong up to the continental inflow. Extreme pivdennі areas and strong until the inflow of Antarctica. As a result, in the Indian Ocean, there will be more climatic minds. Levy over the pivnichnaya part of the ocean panuє С-В muson. For smoothies mіzh 10-30º PDS. stretching out rocky rock panuyut passati S-V straight, The speed of those who do not change is 5 m / s.

Pivdennish, between 40º and 60º before there is a zone of permanent strong backward winds, the speed of some roads is 10 m / s.

Above the Indian Ocean, the atmosphere is kindly programmed. The temperature in the chest is fiercely changing from +20 at weekends to +27 at the eqvator. The temperature changes up to +15 at 30º pd and up to 0 ... + 5 at 50º pd and in Antarctic regions up to -5 ... 0. The temperature in chervny - serpny reaches +27 ... + 26, at ekvore + 30 .. + 31. Reduce the temperature across Antarctica to -18 ... -20. In areas where there are cold currents, the temperature is a few degrees below. Above the Persian tributary, the temperature of the temple, below the adjacent territories to the ocean. extreme, West-east the ocean - one of the overwhelmed areas in the Indian Ocean, and Z-W part, Nawpaki herself is dry.

1. Look at the climatic map of the Indian Ocean and in climatic belts there is.

2. Name the average temperature of the day and lime, DKO.

3. Yaki factories were inserted into the climate of the Indian Ocean.

Card number 2. Hydrological Considerations.

At the top of the ocean, the height of the needles can be laid down from the time of the rock: the charge is set at a height of up to 1 m. border seas storms reach 10-12 m. in the zone of passages, the height of the roads is 2 m, of storms, they reach 3.5 m. But the repetition rate is low.

In the Indian Ocean ice there are only seen on the first half of the year. The middle edge of ice in winter run close parallel to 60º pd, ale icebergs can be developed and start at 40º pd. At the same time, the tanning and ruining krigi should be repaired, and in the fierce one the edge will be taken care of.

1. Make a reference to the map, name the main trends, history in the Indian Ocean.

2. Hvilyuvannya in the ocean.

3. Ice in the oceans.

Card number 3. See the gospodarskoy dіyalnosti.

Morska water serve for the rejection of good water and chemical words. The main description of the drive is carried out in the regions Arabiy Pivostrov and the land of the Persian inflow, the water is worth more. Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Qatar, Izrail may be used by pressure control units. Chemistry speeches to get water in the smallest world, less water, in lesser amounts, less in the Pacific Ocean.

The view of the sea organisms in the Indian Ocean is given to the Pacific Ocean. The main industrial resources are growing in the Arabian Sea, Adenskoy Zatotsi, in the coastal zones of India and Shri-Lanka. Significant part of the vidobutku will be occupied by perches, sea vugri, sardinella, shrimps. Langoustes and crabs can be seen in remarkably small numbers.

In the Indian Ocean there is a vid of solid cinnamon copalins: zircon - uzdovzh uzberezhzhya Australia. Інії; tin - bridging the shores of Thailand, Indonesia. Naftogas-bearing genera emerged on the shelf of Pivdennoy Asia, the western coast Australia.

1. Name the main types of government activities.

2. Is there a vid of cinnamon copalins in the Indian Ocean? What are the inheritances?

5. Characteristics of the nature of the Indian Ocean.

1. A great part of the ocean is located in the equatorial and tropical climatic belt.

2. The average temperature is + 20 ... + 27 ... + 15.

The average temperature of the lime tree is + 27 ... + 30 ... + 18.

DKO 3000 - 200 mm.

3. Geographic location; atmospheric and oceanic circulation of winds

1. Vlіtku panuyut N-W and In re-run, charge: S-W and W.

2. Visota hvil to lay down from time to time. The middle height of the Khvil is 2-5 m, the maximum is 15-20 m.

3.Lodi start only on the second anniversary of the city. Lodging to be repaired in birch. At the zhovtni to fix the tanennya lodiv. Icebergs appear.

1. Morska water is used to deny good water. View of marine organisms.

2. Vidobutok zircon - Іndіya is being conducted; tin - Thailand, Indonesia. Naftogazonosnі ancestry has been revealed. Vidobutok naphtha and gas to produce to the ocean, sea; move organisms in the Indian Ocean.

IV .

I will read to you the specialties of the two oceans, the 1st option will write down the specialties of the Pacific Ocean, and the 2nd - the Indian one.

1. The whole ocean occupies 1/3 of the Earth's surface.

2. A great part of the ocean lies in the Pivdenniy pivkuli.

3. The whole ocean is the most warm and warm.

4. Typhoons often hit the ocean.

5. The coastal line to the ocean is poorly divided.

6. The whole ocean of ripples in all the trees of the Earth.

7. The peculiarity of the ocean climate is seasonal during the month.

8. The ocean often has hurricanes.

9. The most important from the ocean.

10. The whole ocean does not make a connection with the Pivnichny Lydovitim ocean.

11. The coastal line of the ocean is either straight or strongly dismembered.

12. A great part of the ocean lies in the equatorial, subquatorial and tropical climatic zones.

V .

homework: Section 34.

Yearly for the robot at the level of assessments to get (names of scientists and assessments ).