Korisny kopalini main power and victoriousness. Yaki see the view of the cinnamon copalins
Dilyanka of earth measles is called the genealogy of cinnamon copalins, in which as a result geological processes the accumulation of mineral speech for a number is added, which is the minds of an adjunct for the industrial victorian. Brown digs are gas-like, crimson and hard. To gas-like cinnamon copalins, combustible and noble gases are carried, to naphtha, underground and surface water... The main mass of cinnamon copalins is carried to solid ones, as it turns into a "syrup" vyglyadі granite, marmur, clay, for the preparation of them valuable components were thrown, in such a kind of stench it is called ore, you can vykoristvaty for a bitter, , Icelandic spar.
For industrial vicariousness and stagnation of ancestry, they are used for mining either metal or non-metal or non-metal, combustible and hydro-mineral. The skin of the cich groups is divided into subgroups. So, the ore genera grows on the genera of black, color, lung, noble, radioactive, parent and rodent metals. Among the uncomplicated cinnamon copalins, one sees the genus of chemistry, agronomic, metallurgical, technical and awesome minerals. The genera of naphtha, combustible gases, vugilla, oil shale and peat can be traced to the fires of cinnamon copalins. Hydromineral genera podilayut on the genera of drinking waters, technical, balneological and mineral.
The number of minerals in the nadra is called its reserves or resources. The quality of the mineral sirvini starts out together in new valuable and high-quality components. The quality of non-metallic bags is tied with physical ones cheeky authorities... The quality of combustible cinnamon copalins is due to its calorific value. The minimum stocks and changes in valuable components, as well as the maximum allowable for small houses, when it is possible to exploit the family, are called industrial conditions. Understanding about the genera of cinnamon copalins, about the conditions are not strictly in terms of value, since they are assigned.
It stinks for the onset of reasons: historically, in the world of wines, the needs of the people in the mineral syruvina: the development of civilization of supernatural life for the unhealthy adults to live with the brown copalins, so that they start to grow up in the time of the birth of destruction; in-depth technical vidobutku and technology of processing of mineral syruvin; promises of conditions are not the same for children natural mindsі skinny times viznachayutsya for additional economic resources.
By far, according to the scale, the genera of the corynese copalins are seen to be advancing categories of ore-bearing areas: provinces, region, belt, basin, district of higher education, field, ancestry, ore tilo. Until the provinces are great structural elements earthly measles, scho to be carried to the platforms, the folded belt, the bottom of the seas and oceans with the differences in their boundaries by the ruling clans.
The area of cinnamon copalins is a storage element in the provinces, it is characterized by a set of singing genera of cinnamon copalins, confined to the tectonic elements of the first order. Vityagnut lineage areas, confined to the defile, clay breaks, reef systems, are called ore belts. Basin of cinnamon copalins is an area of uninterrupted or even uninterrupted expansion of sheet cinnamon copalins.
The ore region is called the Muscovy of the purchase of ancestors in the boundaries of more great taxons of provinces, regions, belts and basins, confined to singing tectonomagmatic and literary-faculty situations. At the time of the concentration of a series of genera of singing species of cinnamon copalins before the beginning of the breakdown, such an area is called a mining university. The ore field is a small dile of earthly measles, in the boundaries of which they roztashovuyutsya at once, genetically disputed genera and how to unite with a single geological structure. The mine is called the local purchase of natural mineral syruvini, confined to the prior structural and geological element of any combination.
Rudnі tіla superbly rіznomanіtnі: behind the form. It is possible to see a deprivation of head types of ore bodies: layers, lynzi, lived, pipes and abnormalities, stockworks, stocks, the wrong shape, nests, combination of luggage. Layers are the plains of cinnamon copalins, which are set up in water basins synchronously with siege rocks. Metasomatic bodies, which develop along the edges of sedimentary rocks, swell the character of pasty loads. Razrіznyayut layers of simplicity without procrastination breed and folding with prodigal breeds, steeply dipping, with kutami falling down 45 o, and gently falling, with kutami falling less than 45 o. Linzi is a flat board-like abo ribbon-like shape.
Lived - the center of the tricycle in the rocky rocks, the vicinities of the mineral speech, the ale and the metasomatic veins of the tila. Vidіlyayut offensive elements are alive: selvages - contacts lived with breeds; Apophis is a species that comes alive in a native breed. In the frontiers, there is a living window of dilenks with the addition of cinnamon components, which they call ore stoppages. Behind the peculiarities of the morphology of the middle, one can see clearly visible, chamber, seat, descents and feathers. Pipes, tubes and pipe-like and stacked loads are podvzheni along one axis of ore body. The stench often loses the shape of the groom's species, whose top is thrown over the depth of the cones.
The hour of the formation of ancestors is entirely due to the triviality of geological processes, and the first for everything, in the hour of the establishment of the Hirsky generations. Without a median value, the absolute value will be applied to those, where ore mining can be contradicted in fallowness due to genetic nature and stability of ore-metallogenic processes from thousands to tens of millions of rocks. In a short hour up to tens of thousands of rocks, veins and stockwork of the genus are found, which is associated with granitoid magmatism. More trivial epochs 5 - 10 million. Rockets are necessary for the formation of sedimentary deposits of ore layers and ore complexes in the rooted ultrabasic arrays.
One can see a chotiri rivnya gibini formed by the genera of cinnamon copalini: near-upper 0 - 1.5 km, hіpabіssalnyh 1.5 - 3.5 km, abіssalnuyh 3.5 - 10 km and ultra-abіssalny more than 10 km. Near-surface genera are represented by: all types of exogenous accumulations, volcanic and sedimentary ores. It was formed in a great atmosphere of sourness, low pressure and temperatures. The ores are characterized by holomorphic and other-grained aggregates. Hіpabіssalnyh rіvеn іbіlsh rіvеr bаs іnnomanіtnіstu mines іtvoren. Practically all industrial-genetic types of endogenous genera are localized here. This is the area where the development of hydrothermal, Skarbovoy and magmatic ones is transformed into the intrusion of the Cinnamon copalini.
The abysal zone is home to mines approved. Here the head rank is albite-greisenovye, carbonate, pegmatite and part of magmatic genera, which are associated with great granitoid, main and ultrabasic pivtons. In the ultra-abissal zone, there is a small group of metamorphic genera of distain, silmanite and andalusian slate, rutile, corundum. In addition, here they see the significant re-transformation of ore, which was formulated on the basis of the disease in rivnya, the first for all the metamorphosed genera of gold and manganese.
In such a rank, in the upper shell of earth measles, the ore concentration of the ore spheres is close to 15 km. The lower intensity of ore mining is changing and in the ultra-abyssal zone it is practical to lean. The genera of the Korisny copalins are classified as being stashed in the national government for the technology of vicarious. Stagnation is also a genetic classification, the basis of which is laid down in the peculiarities of walking; at the same time, you see the resources of the Precambrian, Lower Paleozoic, Upper Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic geological epochs.
Classification for technology victoriannya
The genera of korisnyh copalins are classified according to the technology of victorian:
1. Burning-energetic syruvina naphtha, vugilla, gas, uranium, peat, oil shale.
2. Black, lіmituyut and refractory metals zalizo, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, tungsten.
3. Colored metals - zinc, aluminum, copper, lead.
4. Noble metals - silver, gold, platinum group metals.
5. Chemically that agronomic syruvina - phosphorite, apatity.
Palive resources.Їх accepted by vrahovuvati in two main categories - geological and developed resources. In general, 70-75% of all burned resources fall on a part of the vugilla, and this part is approximately supplied with naphtha and natural gas. Vugilla widening in earthly crust: Vidomo ponad 3.6 yew. Yogo pools and genera, which in sukupnost take 15% earthly land... Naphtha is widened in the earth's crust more and more deeply: geologists have discovered about 600 oil-and-gas basins and have covered about 400 of them. As a result, they are really promising for naphtha and natural gas Territories borrow, for the latest estimates, from 15 to 50 million km 2. However, the number of naphtha resources is much smaller than those of the largest.
The price is related to geological resources, estimates of which vary between 250 and 500 billion T. In some cases, however, the stench goes up to 800 billion T. also at the viglyadі gas caps above the naphtha genera. Wickedness also occurs in the gases of naphtha and vugil genera. The geological resources of natural gas in the rural dzherels are estimated at $ 300 trillion. m 3 to 600 trillion. і vishche, ale naybilsh, the estimate has been expanded at 400 trillion. m 3.
metal resources Ore is also widely expanded in the earth's crust. On the basis of the fires, genetically dependent on the siege ships, the ore load is developed at the siege ships, and in the still larger world of crystalline marching. Territorially, the stench is also inadequate to establish the whole of the ore accumulation belt, one of which is giant, like Alpiyisko-Gymalaiskiy or Pacific. Nybilsha is widely represented in the earth's crust of ore and aluminum.
Boxing - smut aluminium to avenge syruvin, which is stored in the main hydroxides of aluminum. The genera are found in the sedimentary rocks and are well-knitted with measles vivitryuvannya dylyankas, moreover, they are rostered in the boundaries of the tropical and subtropical climatic belts... The geological resources of bauxite are estimated at approximately 250 billion tons, and the development of these reserves at 20-30 billion tons. Instead of alumina in bauxite, approximately the same, as the deposits of bauxite, as well as the reserves of the old ores by ore, and not by the її cinnamic component.
Technical resources, educational materials. Sand, clay, rubble. Korisnі digs tse the riches of nature, as people are vicarists for the satisfaction of their needs. The resources are growing unevenly, and the stocks are not the same, which around the edge of the country may increase the resource safety. In the light of the classifications of cinnamon copalins: for an hour of coverage; from a technical victorian and one and the same component can be included in the development of classifications overnight.
Instructions
Korisnі kopalini - tse girski breed, Mineral, vikoristovuvani in the sphere of material vyrobniztva, in the people's state. In a given hour, there are close to 250 species of cinnamon copalins. Smells add to:
- fuels (wood, naphtha, natural gas, peat, oil shale);
- ores (ores of black, color metals);
- non-hard (sand, gravel, clay, vapnyak, small salts);
- kamenekolorovoy syruvin (jasper, agate, onix, chalcedony, nephrite);
- expensive stone (diamond, smaragd, sapphire, ruby);
- hydromineral (underground and mineral water);
- hot-cheeky syrovina (apatity, phosphati, barity, boraty)
Korisny kopalini from the will of the people are transformed into the most convenient and necessary speeches, which provide security, load, transport, fly. Smell you need happy holiday everywhere. Practically all electrical energy is powered by stations, powered by electricity, gas, fuel oil, radioactive speech. There is a great part of transport for the energy of combustible copalins.
The basis of the awesome industry is the tse girski breed. Chorna and color metallurgy will also increase the practice on the mineral syrovin, as it is a chemical industry, and this part of it reaches 75%. Most metals and alloys are used in construction (black, light, color), in machinery, in electronics. Virobi stones, such, yak jasper, rubin, vikoristoyutsya in jewelery right. Diamond, the workers of hardness and performance, are used for making solid materials, and in faceted ones with diamant. Girsky mineral apatite is necessary for the production of phosphoric goodies. Prozorі crystals barite vikoristoyutsya in optical attachments.
Mineral reserves of overhead land are not indiscriminate. I want the process of establishing that accumulation natural resources Nicholas do not stop, the pace of renewal is absolutely incomprehensible at the pace of the growth of earthly resources.
dzherela:
- Korisny kopalini
Korisnі kopalini - the tse of natural minerals the establishment of inorganic and organic walking, which is vicarious in the sphere of material virobnіstva. In Danish hour you can see 200 views mineral resources.
Classification of cinnamon copalins
Ісnу kіlka kіlka klassifіkatsіy mineral resourcesіv. per physical authorities see solid mineral approval (mineral ore, ore, granite, salt), mineral (naphtha, water) and gas-like (gas, methane, helium).
For the campaigns of the corys, they lead to sieges, metamorphic and magmatic.
Vyhodyach from the spheres of vikoristannya, to develop combustible resources (natural gas, vugilya, peat, naphtha), ore (ores of girskikh rocks) and non-metallic (sand, clay, vapnyak, grease, calyin salt). Cozy and virobi stones are worthy of a group.
View of Cinnamon Copalins
The modern jokes of the mineral resources are based not only on victorious new technologies and sensitive attitudes, but on scientific forecasts. A scientific forecast Runtutsya on the knowledge of the links of geological budov and the minds of the knowledge of the red copalins.
There are many ways to view mineral resources. With an open method, the girski breed is seen at the car'rakh. It is a very economically viable, but not an ecological method, so as throwing kar'єri can become the reason for the establishment of erosion in the soil. We use the method to see the copalini, to be found on the surface of the earth, or to fall lightly in the nads. Call the price of vapnyak, pisok, kreida, peat, zalizni i mіdni rudi, Deyakі vidi vugіlla.
Solid brown kopalini, which is located on great glybin, Dobuvayut behind the help of underground mines. Most of the time, this is the way to go. Mine way to vvazhaєtsya most insecure for the life of workers.
Ridkі th gas-like corysnі kopalini (naphtha, underground water, natural gas) are added behind the additional drill holes, sometimes behind the additional mines. On a number of genera, there is a combination of methods in a form. Vibir in the way of viznachatsya, the head rank, geological minds of the copalin and economical rosary.
All new ways to view mineral resources are gradually being developed. If you can’t forget it, you’ll be able to pick up the brown kopalini, it’s necessary to vitraify it more economically and reasonably.
For the whole, it is necessary to reduce the waste of resources in the case of this type of output, to increase the amount of common use in the breed of all corny authorities, Give me more respect for the joke of new, more promising ancestors.
tied statty
Siberia has a great number of cinnamon copalins, which were set up as a result of the development of geological processes. The development of mineral resources is explained by the magnificent territory and foldable history of the society of earth measles.
Kam'yane and Storm Wugilya
Kam'yane vugillya in the largest vipadkiv vinykak in the cities of the progin tectonic plates... On the territory of Siberia, the boules know two majestic ones in the basin: Lensky and Tungusky. stocks kam'yanogo wugillya in the first storeyayut 2600 billion tons, and in the other, according to estimates, even less - about 1750 billion tons.
All in all, Siberia is located close to 80% of the reserves of the Kam'yanovy Vugilla of Russia. At the present moment, the mensha part of the most common ancestors has been broken up, so as a kind of cinnamon copalins are ill-fated in some basins through the suvor natural minds of Siberia.
non-metallic copalini
As a rule, before non-metallic copalins, Siberia is supplied with such types of firewood, as naphtha and natural gas. The ancestors of naphtha on the territory of Siberia began to break up recently. So, in the last few years, ten years of bulo is known to Markivske family of naphtha. Vidobutok gas is conducted in the Taas-Tumus family.
Zakhidna Sibir, the spring of Khanti-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs, flow around 90% of all natural gas produced in Russia and close to 75% of syroe naphtha.
Krym oil and gas to non-metallic cinnamon copalins Siberia can be brought to Kamyan sil. Basically, the genera of salt are found on the days of the ancient seas. So, for example, a video of salt is being conducted in Yakutia, close to such rychok, like Lena and Vilyuya.
diamonds
The first diamonds on the territory of Siberia were known in for example XIX stolittya. Tsі korisnі kopalini dobuli in mіtsyah with increased volcanic activity. A sprinkle of stench was not caught by the dealers, in connection with the small sizes. Aleksandr Burov, a Radiansky geologist in the 30s of the 20th century, discovered the ulamok of the great stone, which made it possible to build a collection of diamond content in Siberia.
The great genera of diamonds in Siberia have recently appeared. V the rest of the rock After seeing a vid of diamonds near Yakutia, in the pools of the rychok of Vilyuy and Olenek.
zaliznі ore
On the territory of Siberia there are great loads of gold ores. The genera of cichus cinnamon copalins are dated to the most ancient times. In this region, you can know the ores of such metals, such as tin, platinum, nickel, mercury.
gold
About the gold reserves of Siberia, there is still a lot of capital. The first type of gold has been going on for a long time. most stocks expensive metal is located in Allah-Yunskiy, Yanskiy, Aldanskiy, Bodaibinskiy districts.
If people are repaired with obscurity, everything is shattered from naphtha, and the vastness of the spectrum of the oily substance is hostile to it. Building used to fill the tank with gasoline, buying motor oil - cim and interchange sphere її vikoristannya. And also a lot of popular speeches: lipstick, nylon panchohi and a pill to aspirin - zroblenі from naphtha.
Instructions
Nafta - no more organic speech It is a host of molecules that have changed the structure of how it is possible to make an object with absolutely different characteristics. As a graphite for high temperatures and a vise to shake diamonds, so syruin for burning є is also the basis for making cosmetics, by-party items, Odyagu and navit yzhi. Zhuvalnaya gumka has not been made from natural resins for a long time - this is how you can create only in pharmacies. The main component is naphtha polymers. It’s a lot of people who live chew and wikidayut on the streets, vvazhayut, what if you’re acting out. Juvenile gumka should not be carried over to the sinister gum, or even lie on the ground near the wiggly breast.
It is not necessary to lyakatya, but paraffin and lipstick warehouses - even the old ones from naphtha, even the stench itself came to replace the lusty components, if present in the whole life accessories. Tin for potions, corrective olives for eyes and lips, varnish for nigtiv - all cosmetics should be put in a piece of natural substance. And home givers do not miss their life without one more product - plastic, even shattered hulls and side-by-side technology, and polyethylene bags will help to bring important purchases from the store.
A foldable lance of chemistry permits the use of aspirin, which is not reversed from both headache and other types of pain, as well as a number of salicylic acids, which can be included in the store of anti-tuberculous and antibacterial drugs. In the fight against microorganisms, it is possible to increase the growth rate of anilin, which can be seen from nitrobenzene. Likuvati ailments can be done not only in the middle, or even in the middle - for the whole doctor to get rid of prostheses, shattered from medical plastic.
Women, who use labels for clothes, said that there are a lot of speeches in their polyester, but they are 100% broken from synthetic material. The name of the wine is similar to viscose and it is good to go for sewing cloth and blouses, as well as pads for jackets. You don’t think about the polyester and don’t look like nylon tights. Nafto products can be found in the kitchen without plastic dishes and furniture, in children - yak pups, dolls, cubes and igrashok. You can’t talk about їх shkіdlivіst, for allergy, even with polyethylene to pack absolutely all іzhu, like lying on the shop police, and deyakі kіkіkі drugs with the inclusions of old naphtha, with success will help to get around the allergy.
Video by topic
Gravel is one of the most inexpensive and popular alarm materials. Vidobuvaєtsya vіn in vіdkrіtykh kar'єrakh and maє bаtо neperechnyh passages. It’s necessary for the nobility, in which the opinion of these stones is necessary.
Instructions
Graviy is an ulamka of the Kam'yan breed. Matters are important, people, people, vapnyaks and diabases. Vidobuvayut gravel in a car'nim way on the gravel-gravel ancestors. Quite a few stones will be available in a variety of sizes and inexpensive and in demand with educational material. The smell of vikoristoyatsya yak zapovnyuvach when preparing concrete, in road construction, for paving roads and maydanchiks in private state gifts. The production of a type of food-gravel sum is carried out as a list and grade of stones according to the most requested fractions. In the future, the size is 20/40 mm.
How does the gravel come from the crushed stone? Tsі two kinds of stones often wander. However, the difference between them is є, і sutta. Insulting a product with an inorganic, frizzy material. Ale gravel is established as a result of natural fractures of stone rocks, and crushed stone is a product of piece crushed. The gravel is overwhelmingly rounded, and the shape of the crushed stone is most often hardened.
All about gravia. Tsі kamenі are the most pink colora: sіro-blakite, dark gray, brown, black, zhovtoy and horny. A lot of them chimerically to admit і may be the power of change of views in the fallowness of the level of vology, for example, for illumination. For the reason gravels are a favorite of landscape designers, such as vikoristovuyu yogo for the purpose of decorating gardens and subvir'iv, ennobled flower beds, annexes of pishokhidnyh roads. The shape of the stones, be it in size, is whole, in them there are no nicholas in them.
Nature has three main fractions of gravel: small (1-3 mm), medium (3-7 mm) and large (7-12 mm). Quite a stone to replace a bezlich house - pieces of clay, sand, saw and brude. Fallow from the genera razr_znyayut rіznі vidi gravia: lacustrine, girsky, sea, river, ice and ice. Big clean stones - sea and river. Their surface is smooth, so the stench is widespread in vikoristovyutsya in the laid and іdsipki roads.
At the beginning of the day, it can be used to build a girder gravel, as it has a larger shorter surface and, moreover, it will be more glorious in the concrete chaos. Other factions of stones є some of the warehouses of various types of covering materials. Graviy maє pershy
Korisny kopalini
Introduction ................................................. ................................ .. ... .4
Chapter 1 Cinnamon Copalini .............................................. ..... ... ... ..6
History of development of the vicarystannya of cinnamon copalins ................ ...... 6
Classification of cinnamon copalin ........................................ ... .9
Chapter 2 Korisny kopalini in the territory of the Jewish Autonomous Region ......................................... ........................................ .. ... 13
2.1 The history of the development and management of cinnamon copalins in the territory of the SAO ........................................ .................................................. ......................... 13
2.2 Useful digging in the territory of the Jewish Autonomous Region .... 16
Visnovok ................................................. ........................... ...... 27
List of Literature ................................................ ........................ 28
Rozplavi dzvinkih ores stuck
in the interval
І trіshiny generations; pіdzemni bets.
Yak snakes, ringing among the stones,
Porozhnechі skel reminded with fires
Wonderful self-flowers. all gifts
Blisky tables of elements
Here they fell for our tools
I hardened ...
M. Zabolotsky
Entry
If people were kissed, they were just lying on the surface of the earth. The stench is not disgusting, as good things can be found in її tovschі. But in the world, as the "appetites" of people grew, with the passing of the word, I started to "dryapati", and then all the bigger and bigger things in it were growing, opening the "doors" in the underground Komori.
Before the brown copalines, fire resources are supplied, which are necessary for energy and transport; ores, scho to revenge threw; sand, granite, crushed stone, clay - something without which no one can get along; expensive stones, light, water is the basis of all living things.
All the same for a long time, for recently, people have been called to life from earthly problems. The skin of the named copalin vimagalo has its own special approach. People came to the victorious way to navigate a little more ore, if they got a lot of money, went from one flick to the next, navigated the helpless ways of machines, which would help them know how much the earth is important in other areas of old and long
Resources are the wealth of nature, as people are victorious for the satisfaction of their needs. The stinks of growth are irregular, and the stocks are not the same, the same as the land, there is a decrease in resource availability, so that the increase in the amount of natural resources and the size of the victorious.
The relevance of those polyagus is in the fact that the brown copalini is a factor in the economic state of the territory. As long as it is correct to vikoristovuvati їkh, then the territory will be given to be kindly developed economically.
Subject - korisn_ kopalini
Ob'єkt - korisny kopalini in the territory of the SAO
The robot is stored in 25 arkushiv, in which there are 2 chapters: theoretical and practical; 3 supplements and 1 table.
The following methods were used by the robots of the victorious: cartography, the development of scientific literature, the visual method of visualization of minerals.
Chapter 1 Cinnamon Copalini
1.1 History of development of victoriannya korisnykh copalin
Korishnі kopalini - natural mineral establishment in the earthly crust of inorganic and organic walking, as with this kind of technology can be a vicary in the national government in a natural view, for example, in the case of a general overhaul. The purchase of cinnamon copalins from the earth's crust constitutes the genera of cinnamon copalins.
Our days are close to 250 types of brown copalins and as many as 200 types of other and expensive stones. However, the zaluchennya into the state's turnover was introduced in a step-by-step manner of all human civilization.
First metal, which became the vidomy of people, mabut, bula mid. On the thought of archaeologists, the establishment of the native mind has come to be 12-11 thousand rocky before ours in the stone capital. Let's take the instruction vlasne midniy vіk. In the ancient world, they were added to Syria, Palestine, Cyprus, Spain, Serbia, Bulgaria, the Caucasus, and India. With a sweep of decilkoh tysyachyolit її widely vikorystovuyu for the preparation of the standard of pratsi, filling, embellishment, and more for the carving of coins.
Then, about 4 thousand rockies before our time, there was a bronze wick. Tse meant that people had come to cut off the alloy of tin and tin, which at that hour also became a vidomium on the Blizkoe Sokhodi, and then in Europe. Vvazhayut, the very word "bronze" resembles the name of the port of Bryndizi in the Pivdenniy Italy, de bulo mastered virobnizstvo tsiy metal. Yak and mid, bronze was widely won for the preparation of the most popular people. For the help of їkh, zokrema, kam'yani shaved the famous pyramidi of Cheops. In addition, bronze was used for construction materials. For example, from the bronze details of the bullock, a statue of the ear of Rodosky was mounted, which can be dated to one of the seven wonders of the world.
The order of them was widely vikorystovuvuyutsya even and deyaki and metal and stone.
In the first place, it is brought to gold. Native gold became almost as long ago as native. As soon as you feel ashamed of this vidobutku, it was evidently in the Ancient Egypt, de, yak vіdomo, tsei metal was tied up with the cult of Sontsya and was burned. Back to the ear of our country, gold was added to Asia Maliy, in India, in Ancient Rome. Vikoristovuvali yogo mainly for virobnitstva embellishment, virobіv the cult, for the carbuvannya of coins. With a lot of gold belongings, Volodya also empires the іnkіv in Pіvdennіy. America. The very tsi scarbs especially turned the Spanish conquestors before the hour of their conquest of the New World.
Already in Ancient Greece and in Ancient Rome, that in the other regions of the Earth, bullets are widely known as lead, ore of mercury cinovars - її vikorisovuyu for the preparation of red barvnyk, sirka, stone virobіv - baguch .. at the third thousand years before our era, in the mine of Golcondi (Pivdenna India), diamonds appeared.
There is a step-by-step bronze change to the golden capitals, which are about 3.5 thousand rocky. Archaeological preliminaries established that it played an especially great role in the development of human civilization. The salted ores were victorious in the territory of Europe, the Great Russia, the Caucasus. From the zaliza vyrobili znyaddya pratsi and pobutu, zbroya, richly іnshih virobіv.
Before the promises of the XVIII-XIX cent. - the mineral-syruvinny base of people became approximately the same metal (min, gold, gold, silver, tin, lead, mercury), and in the old days, as well as virgin and expensive stones. Ale in the other half of the XIX and in the first half of the XX century. the warehouse of the base is famous for even great snakes.
The stench poked of scorching cinnamon copalins. Wikimedia Commons Wikipedia The same can be said before the naphtha. Seemingly, the natural bitum was victorious a thousand years ago, the first primitive naphtha from the upper part of the country appeared only in the 17th century, and a cob of the industrial kind was laid down in the middle of Russia in the middle of the 19th century.
The serpents poked at the ore cinnamon copalins. In the first place, it is carried to aluminum. Stocks of bauxite boules for the first time appeared on the cob XIX cent. on the occasion of France, there is a placechka Boxing (name and name). In the middle of the same century, the technology of industrial rejection of metal was broken up. Ale masové yogo virobnitstvo and zasosuvannya pochalosya still in the XX century. Approximately the same ones mean the "genus" of manganese, chromium (from the Greek. "Kulgave" - color), nickel, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, magnesium.
Nareshty, and the changes sprang up against the non-difficult copalins - phosphorites, caloric salts, asbestos, diamonds. The first "diamond daredevil" Bula was designated in Brazil in the first half of the XVIII century. In the other half of the XIX century. such "hot-blooded women" were brought to the Great Britain and the USA (California). In 1829, the 14-year-old Pavlo Popov knew the first diamond in the territory of Russia - at one of the mines in the Urals.
New and bright changes in the mineral-syrovinous base of humanity began to grow back in the middle of the 20th century. in conjunction with the scientific and technical revolution. Go to the first place about the "metals of the XX century" - titanium, cobalt, beryl, lithium, niobia, tantalum, zirconia, Nimechchini, telur, without such bulo, it is practically uncomfortable to develop the most interesting virobits. [Maksakovsky]
1.2 Classification of cinnamon copalins
Classification of them can be cute. Often vikoristovuyu work for technology vikorystannya. Stagnation is also a genetic classification, the basis of which is laid down in the peculiarities of walking; at the same time, you see the resources of the pre-Cambrian, Lower Paleozoic, Upper Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic geological epochs.
Fuel-energy syruvina - naphtha, vugilla, gas, uranium, peat, oil shale, etc.
Black light and refractory metals - gold, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, etc.
Colored metals - zinc, aluminum, copper, lead, etc.
Noble metals - silver, gold, platinum group metals, etc.
Chemically and agronomic syruvina - phosphorites, apatites, etc. [І. P. Romanova, L.I.Urakova, Yu.G. Ermakov Natural resources of light 1992]
Classification for the technology of the victorian:
Palive resources. Їх accepted by vrahovuvati in two main categories - general geological and developed resources. In general, 70-75% of all burned resources fall on a part of the vugilla, and this part is approximately supplied with naphtha and natural gas.
Widely widening in the earth's crust: vidomo ponad 3.6 yew. Yogo basins and ancestors, which in total occupy 15% of the earth's land. As far as oil and gas are concerned, they have developed reserves of oil and gas. In 1984, at the XXVII Session of the International Geological Congress of the International Geological Congress, the resources were estimated at 14.8 trillion tons, and in the other half of the 1990s. as a result of a growing kind of revaluation and overhaul - 5.5 trillion tons.
The first ten countries are leading for reserves of coal: USA, China, Russia, PAR, Australia, FRN, India, Ukraine, Great Britain, Kazakhstan.
Naphtha is widened in the earth's crust more and more deeply: geologists have discovered about 600 oil-and-gas basins and have covered about 400 of them. As a result, it is really promising for naphtha (and natural gas) to borrow from 15 to 50 million km2, according to new estimates. However, the svitovi resources of naphtha are significantly less than the vugilny ones.
The price is related to general geological resources, estimates of which vary between 250 and 500 billion tons. Some, however, stinks rise up to 800 billion tons.
The first ten countries are in the lead for oil reserves: Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Kuwait, Iran, United Arab Emirates, Venezuela, Russia, Mexico, Libya, USA.
Natural gas expands in nature near the wilderness - near the gas pods and genera, as well as near the "gas caps" over the naphtha genera. Wickedness also occurs in the gases of naphtha and vugil genera.
The general geological resources of natural gas in the small dzherels will be estimated from 300 trillion m3 to 600 trillion m3, and the estimate has been expanded at 400 trillion m3.
The first ten countries are in charge of natural gas reserves: Russia, Iran, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, USA, Venezuela, Algeria, Nigeria, Irak.
Uranus is even wider in the earth's crust. However, it is economically viable to break up only the third lineage, which should not be less than 0.1% of the cinnamon component: in such a case, 1 kg of uranium concentrates cost less than $ 80. For the data of the International Agency for Atomic Energy (IAEA), in the mid-1990s, pp. The development (confirmation) of uranium reserves available for such a price was estimated at 2.3 million tons.
The first place in the world for the development of uranium reserves is a loan from Australia. Far away with an insignificant bend to Kazakhstan. The third place is for Canada. On a small part of the number of three powers, 45% of the world's reserves of uranium have fallen. Apart from them, the top ten countries for the development of uranium reserves also include (in the order of decreasing) PAR, Brazil, Nambia, USA, Niger, Russia and Uzbekistan.
Metal resources (ore) are also widely expanded in the earth's crust. On the basis of the fires, genetically dependent on the siege ships, the ore load is developed at the siege ships, and in the still larger world of crystalline marching. Territorially, the stench is also unrecognizable for the whole of the ore accumulation belt, which is one of the largest, such as Alpiyisko-Gymalaiskiy or Pacific.
Nybilsha is widely represented in the earth's crust of ore and aluminum.
The general geological reserves of avalanche ores, according to variable estimates, vary from 400 billion to 800 billion tons, and exploration amounts to 150 billion to 200 billion tons. India, China, Kazakhstan, PAR.
Boksiti is a smut aluminum-containing syruvine, which is stored in the main hydroxides of aluminum. The genera are found in siege rocks and are very much tied with measles vivitryuvannya dylyankas, moreover, they are roasted in the boundaries of tropical and subtropical climatic belts. The number of head boxing provinces includes Seredzemomorska in Europe, Guineyska in Africa, Karibska in Latin America and Pivnichno-Australianska. The general geological resources of bauxite are expected to be estimated at about 250 billion tons, and the developed reserves - at 20-30 billion tons. The amount of alumina in bauxite is approximately the same, as it is in hard ores, so bauxite reserves, as well as reserves of hard ores, should be estimated by ore, and not by the cory component.
Technical resources and educational materials. Sand, clay, crushed stone, etc.
Korisnі digs tse the riches of nature, as people are vicarists for the satisfaction of their needs. The resources are growing unevenly, and the stocks are not the same, which around the edge of the country may decrease the availability of resources.
In the light of the classifications of cinnamon copalins: for an hour of coverage; from a technical victorian, etc. one and the same component can be included in the development of classifications overnight.
Chapter 2 Korisny kopalini on the territory of the Jewish Autonomous Region
2.1 History of development and development of cinnamon copalins in the territory of the SAO
Jewish autonomy - I will educate the young, ale on the territory, in the part of Malokhynhansk, the mineral base has been set up, and on the basis of the practical industrial industry. There are two combinats "Khinganolovo", Teploozersk cement, Londokovsky vapnyany backwaters, brucite, gold and cinnamon copalini. On the mineral dzherels of the Kuldur resort. The current mineral-syruvinny potential of the SAO of the development of the praceus kilkoh pokolin geologists ..
Geological advances in the territory of the SAO were honored back before the establishment of autonomy. Quilting through the steps in the history. The first insights into geological Budov and the brown copalins of the SAO are recognized by the participants of ant rafting along the Amur, flying reconnaissance jokes on the Small Khingan and route signals. The stench was tied with the names of N.P. Anosov, N.V. Basnin, Permikin and F. Shmidt. In 1864, N.P. Anosov from the village of Katerinoslavskaya Nikolske will tell you about the introduction of a "good" stratal lineage to the Small Khingan, on the basis of which wine proponuv "attachment to the plant."
The onset stage of geological advances in the SAO of ties with the advancements of the road of the Siberian mountains, in the gold-bearing regions of the Amur region and in the connection with the paved Amur zaliznoy road in the end of the XIX and XX centuries. LF Batsevich, D.V. і M. M. Ivanovi, P. K. Yavorivskyi, E. E, Anert, SV. Constant. During the course of the dawn, a number of genera of valiant ores were discovered along the path of the zaliznoy road, kam'yanny vugilya (Turuk), vapnyaku, dolomite, genera grafita (Soyuzna, Birsk and іn.),. Todi zh Bula was established after the date of geological complexes, the gold content of the region was introduced.
A deyakim mansion on the whole stage of vivchennya of the territory of the ЄAO kostu poses of the ancestry of the awakening stone on the ridge of Churki. The appearance here of the genealogy of the adjunct awakening stone was laid by the end of the bagatore unsuccessful jokes in the outskirts of Khabarovsk. Granodiority and keratinization of fish from the outskirts of the village. Babstovo vikoristani for erecting a pedestal of a monument to Count M.M. Muravyov-Amurskiy in Khabarovsk - the first monumental creation on the Dalekiy Skhodі.
The ear of systematic and intensive geological developments in the territory of the SAO is brought to the end of the 20s and the ear of the 30s of the XX century. Vono, it was practically an hour to cover Jewish autonomy, for what they said was Birobidzhana. I am interested in the center of health, which stimulated the geological development of the SAO. For the main reason for the accelerated production of Maly Khіnganu Bula, it is necessary to establish in a short term of the mineral-syruin base for the planned metallurgical plant at Dalekiy Skhodі. In 1929, the robots began to burn out the gold ores (N. I. Pavlov, A. S. Purtov) and the development of the graphite genus Soyuznu on the Amur birch tree (A. S. Bilytsky). Since 1931, Dalgeotrest started a Maydan carnival in the private part of Maly Khinganu. S. A. Muzilov, B. V. Vitgeft, A. S. Savchenko, V. D. Prinada took part in them. In 1933, Lenozet's expeditionary expedition was carried out by O.M. Kryshtafovich mapped the small part of the Small Khingan, They took the fate of 3. A. Abdulaev, V. N. Davidovich, І. V. Moiseev, S. I. Shkorbatov і іnshі. During the last period of time, the production and development of robots in bagatokh genera of zaliza, manganese, vapnyak, magnesite, graphite and others. Brown copalins.
The dramatic situation took shape on the cob stage until the end of the period in conjunction with the assessment by Professor N.I. Pavlovim about the slightly different types of gold ore genera of the Small Khіnganu. Poshukovy robots were carried out on the basis of the state of the art for the ferrous metallurgy plant. Naybilsh last and firmly a point of view about sedimentary behavior and great practical significance of the ore deposits of the Small Khinganu from BV Vitgeft. An unprecedented price was brought up and the development robots made a new scale. Immediately, it is obvious that the post-date of the Khingansky comrade was established earlier, not V.N. Danilovich and S.A. Muzilov. For a reason, B.V. Vitgeft was reprimanded and unjustified.
The Academy of Sciences of the USSR (GD Afanas'ev, V.N.Dominikovskiy, A.P. Lebedov, N.A. The results of regional studies served as the basis for the statement about the geological Budov and the Small Khіngan in the future. The robots showed the wealth of the Jewish Autonomous Region, expanded its perspectives. The Bula is broken down into the stratigraphy of the Khingansky tovschy, and the Kimkanskoe genus of the zaliza. An important moment was the establishment of the schidnoy (S. A. Muzilov G. P. Volarovich) and the backward (V. P. Tebenkov, M. N. Dobrokhotov) the smog of the expanded ores. For a short term, the buv developed the Kimkanskoe genus of zaliza, the genus of pre-dwelling syruvin (vapnyak to flux, magnesite, dolomite). The development of manganese minerals in 1938 by M.N. We welcomed the rumors of the genera of manganese, which were successfully completed already in the 50s.
It is also possible that the emergence of the Khingansky genus of tin ores (M. I. Iyaikson, A. P. Prokof'ev) pressured an additional momentum with intensive geological preliminaries in the SAO by different families. Here, one hour, a large-scale geological map was carried out, as well as buzz and sound-development robots. In 1948, a videotap of tin ores appeared at the Khinganolovo combine.
Z 1956 Medium-scale maps on a scale of 1: 200,000 have started to appear, and sheets of maps on a scale of the aleteriory of the SAO are visible. The stench is supravodzhuvalisya geophysical robots. Cartographic publicity was carried out by the author of A.P. Glushkov and M.G. Zolotov. Significantly rich in thematic preliminaries to magmatism G.V. Itsikson. Bagato іmen prelіdnikіv AO of the remaining 50 years, whose merit is great in the development of the minimalist potential of autonomy, it is not named here, nor has it been overwhelmed by any means, moreover there are many of them in the ranks and perhaps it is possible to say. "
In the rest of the rock in the SAO, there are rumors in the carbohydrate syruvini, carried out by the geophysical preliminaries.
2.2 Korisny kopalini in the territory of the Jewish Autonomous Region
The region is to take revenge on the ancestry and ore show the bagatyokh of the cinnamon copalins. For their abundance and concentration of cinnamon components, there is one of the largest territories of the Russian Federation. The reason is that the development of the geological formations of the young groups, and the processes of tectonic-magmatic activation, which lead to the establishment of ancestry, appeared repeatedly and intensively. On the territory of the region, 20 species of cinnamon copalins have been discovered, including the genera of rosy gold, gale, manganese, tin, graphite, beryl, lithium, fluorite, brucite, magnesite, marmurin, zeolite , vugіlla, hot and cold liquid mineral dzherel. A promising area for the development of industrial genera and other cinnamon copalins, including diamonds, naphtha and gas, molybdenum, uranium, ferrous metals, expensive and virgin stones, high-grade mineral clays and clays
Until the present hour, there is only a small part of cinnamon copalins to be mastered: a vid of tin, brucite, gold, vapes, dolomite, peat, and alarm materials is being kept.
The main tin ore districts in the territory, the region - Khinganskiy and Sutar-Bidzhanskiy, in the boundaries of which species are 14 genera. Crim of tin in the ore walls reveals mead, lead, zinc, mish'yak, bismuth, surma, silver, molybdenum, gold. Along the way, with the main development of fluorite concentrate, yak flux syruvin, as well as in skly, enamel virgin.
There are 11 genera of magnesite in the territory of the region. The promiscuous value of magnesite is based on the high conductivity and viscous power of magnesium oxide. Yogo with the help of metallurgy, chemistry and goodwill. The head of the spheres of storage is the creation of anti-magnetic materials, awakening materials, rejecting magnesium. In a given hour, we see unique reserves, one of the largest in the Kuldurskiy, Central, Savkinskiy, Taragayskiy genera of brucite - magnesian syruvin.
In the Danish hour of gold-bearing ancestry, it is mainly developed in the main hydraulic way from terraces in the basin of the river. Sutar i in the upper r. Biri. Naybilsh promising vigladaє pivdenna, near the cordon part of the territory. For the next geological data, there is a possibility of the discovery of the root genera of ore gold.
At the SAO there are 14 genera of young awakening materials: budding and cladding stones, cement and carbonate syruin, mineral farbs and light reminiscent of concrete, solid and gravelly clays, ash-sands. Since the development of the family is concentrated around the village, close to the settlements, with the smell of the roads tied. All the stinks come for an open mind.
In the region there are close to 20 genera and manifestations of facing stones. On a rather small territory, stocks of marmur, calcephia and іn have been discovered. Vyrobiv Kameniv. Oh, the colors are rosy, light-siri and green. The Biloruska station of the Moscow metropolitan area, the concert hall of the regional philharmonic, a number of objects on the Distant Descent are covered with birakansky marmor.
The region is great for likuvalnye dzherels. Naybilsh vidomy Kuldurskiy, on the basis of one day a resort complex of federal significance. Lіkuvannya zhvoryuvanny here is carried out from the vicorianniye of thermal nitrogen-siliceous mineralized hydrocarbonate-chloride-Kartsev puddled waters with a lot of fluorine.
On the territory of the State Autonomous Okrug, to fill up water resources for securing the state-fed water supply, at the same time 90% of the fresh waters from the subterranean waters are to be used well.
As soon as in the lack of resources, obviously does not meet the needs of the region, the development of the Ushumunic ancestry of the brown woolen is coming, the industrial reserves of which will become over 50 million tons, and the forecast resources can be estimated at 1 billion tons. in an open manner not less than 300-500 yew. t. on pik.
Significant developmental stocks of cinnamon copalins in the region, which do not leave, are not destroyed, but rather represent the syrovinn base in the future. The most important place in the middle is occupied by gold ore and gold-manganese genera, which can be successfully degraded with the development of an advanced infrastructure. A small-Khinganskiy zalizudny dilyanka roztashovana in the Obluchenskiy district in the immediate proximity to the Trans-Siberian zaliznichnoy mainline. At the largest - Kimkansky, Sutarsky and Kostenginsky genera, development robots and ore reserves of total 2.7 billion tons were carried out.
Zalizo-manganese ores are grown in large genera: Pivdenno-Khingansky genera, developed reserves of which become 9 million tons, instead of manganese in ore 19.2-21.1% and Bidzhansky genera, develop 6 million tons ore - 18.4%.
Prior to carrying out technical and economic research on the basis of future technological advances, to demonstrate the possibility of cost-effective processing in an open manner in a complex with manganese genera,
One of the greatest ancestors in Russia is the Soyuznenskoe ancestor grafita, roztashovani on the liv birch of the Amur near the village. Union. Put the graphite in high quality, allow you to keep the video in an efficient way. Until the earning of the Count of the Soyuzny tribe in the industry gave good results.
Perspective for organizing the view and processing of the Birakan clan of talcum, the Khingansky clan of basalts, the Radden clan of zeolites, the Soyuznenskoe clan of mineral farbs and in.
Nayavnіst spriyatlivih geological and ekonomіchnih minds in oblastі dozvolyayut govorito about mozhlivіst rozshirennya vidobutku korisnih Kopalin, pіdvischennya vіddachі od vikoristannya, zaluchennya in turnover novih vidіv rodovisch for rakhunok prodovzhennya Poshuk, vstanovlennya obsyagіv i podalshoї ekspluatatsії rodovisch Nafti i gas almazіv, rozsipnogo i lode gold. [Yevreyska Autonomous Region: encyclopedic dictionary: Vidp. ed. V.S. Gurevich, F.N. Ryansko Khabarovsk 1999]
Brown digs were established as in the process of accumulation and formation of sedimentary rocks, as well as for the additional ore deposition in the process of magmatic and postmagmatic activity. At the same time, one breed without an average є cinnamon copalina, which can be found in its own brown components, which can be used with a path of baggage, the third can be used as a medium for inserting brown components. On the area of the oblast, genera and ore deposits of metal, non-metal and burnt-energy cinnamon copalins, underground waters and mineral dzherel were discovered. Metallic cinnamon copalini are represented by deep metamorphic primordial sedimentary rocks - zalizo-manganese ores, as well as hydrothermal ones. Manifest gold ore, being hydrothermal ancestors, in your own ward serve as the bearers of gold in gold-bearing rosipes. They are referred to: gold, tin, gold and manganese, hard metals such as beryl, fluorite, red and pink elements: іtriy, lіtіy, lanthanum, strontium, gal. Burning-energetic syruvina in the territory is represented by the ancestors of the peat. The availability of oil and gas only needs to be transferred. Non-metallic cinnamon burrows in a larger world are represented by metamorphosed primordial sedimentary rocks or rocks, which are known to be in contact with intrusions of granitoids, effusive and intrusive mountain vapors. We present in the area of stench: magnesite, brucite, talc, zeolite, mineral farbi, vapnyaki, graphite, basalt, phosphorite, boron. Deyakі korisnі kopalini behind their power є rich and vykorystvuyutsya yak in industrial vyrobniztvі, so and in life in the quality of buddies (vapnyaki, basalt, peat and in.).
Magnesite. The genera of magnesites form a layer-like and linse-like load, confined to the lower horizon of the Murandavskaya suite (importantly), folded by massive dolomites, deeper - to the upper one. Tila magnesite is covered with dolomites. Magnesia is vicious in metallurgy, in the form of heat transfer and in the production of viscous materials. The headquarters stocks of developed genera become 87 million tons. Forecast resources of velmi values. Kinship does not ekspluatuyutsya.
Bruce. The genera of brucite, such as the genera of magnesites, dated to the time of the Murandavskaya suite, were even established in the minds of the contact metamorphism of magnesites on the cordon with the Paleozoic granitoids. Bruce vikoristovuєtsya in quiet areas of industry, and magnesite. Five genera of brucite have been built on the area of Maly Khingan, and the Kuldur region has been developed in detail and has been in operation since 1971. The finished products of the enterprise є brucite of I-III grades, which are sent for processing to the Sverdlovsk region, as well as rubble stone, crushed stone for awakening robots and balastuvannya roads.
Talc. Birakan clan talcum roztashovane in 1.0-3.0 km from the Trans-Siberian Railway Line. It is represented by submeridional smoky talcation of the dolomite of the Murandavskaya suite with a length of 3 km with a width of 500-700 m. ... The bottom is steep, the length is 100-1000 m, the force from 2.5-5 m to 50 m. The development of talcum generic can be done by a small enterprise. Products that can be released can be vikoristovuvatisya in gum, Electroceramic and paper industry. Enter the bagachennya you can pick up a yak carbonate product.
Zeolite. Radden ancestry of the zeolite rostashovan on the early-western flanks of the Khingano-Olonoi volcanic field of the Mesozoic Viku. In the budovy stratified volcanogenic-sedimentary growth, take a part (from the bottom-up): small-scale tuff of acidic storage, pulling up to 30 m, tuff-sandy pulling up to 60 m, intensively increasing the plasticity of tuff-forming represented by lava breccia, volcanic glasses and tuffs with 54-48% bulk zeolite. The length of the lineage is 3 km, the width is 200-350 m. Zeolite can be victorious in the Silskoy state government for increasing the yield, as an additive in bird feed, for reducing the reduction of rot in vegetables in case of zberganna; in water supply practice for purification of underground and waste waters, for decontamination of contaminated territories; in the budindustry in the quality of a cement-saving additive. The lineage does not break up.
Mineral farbi. On the territory of the SAO there are 6 genera of mineral farbs, which represent the basic or re-deposited products of the Paleogene-Neogene roots of the formation of the ore-bearing formation (5 genera in the ancient-western) main regions. Farbi is represented by deluvial clays and bark vivitryuvannya burimi, gilded with golden vidtink. Farbuval pigment can be vikoristovuvatisya in natural viglyadі (ocher zvychaynі), on water, olіynyh, clay ambushes. The ancestors are not broken up.
Vapnyaki. There are 4 great and 6 other ancestors of Vapnyaks in the nearness of the Trans-Siberian Galleries: Londokovskoe, Teploozerskoe, Kimkanskoe, Vapnyane, Abramovskoe, Sutar-ske. The Pivdenno-Khingansky group of ancestors is located in the pivdenny part of the Small Khingan in a sparsely populated area of the region. The vapnyaks are dated to the Londokovskaya suite. A whole breed of white, gray and dark gray colors, massive, uneasy dark. Vapnyaki vikoristovuyutsya in metallurgy in the quality of fluxes, in the Silk state government - deoxidizers of soils, in budivstvі - in'yazuchі components and awakening stone and іn. Vapnyaki of the Sutar ancestry are attached to the skla. Nybilsh great є Londokovskoe and Teploozerskoe ancestors. Londokovskoe, Teploozerskoe, Vapnyane, Abramovskoe ancestors are exploited by VAT "Londokovsky Vapnyany Plant" and VAT "Teploozerskiy Cement Plant".
I V.O. Smirnovim cinnamon copalins call natural mineral speech, such as when bitter rivn The development of technology can be due to the sufficient efficiency of the vicorists in the government without the need for the middle, if only for the front processing.
Cinnamon burrows are found in the earth's crust at a vigyadi of a small character (alive, stocks, plates, nests, roscipes and іn.) ..
The purchase of cinnamon copalins constitutes a family, and in large areas of expansion - districts, provinces and pools. Razr_znyayut solid, kind and gas-like brown copalini.
The girnich on the right is in the view of the brown copalins.
1. Signs of Cinnamon Copalins
In the early days, shake down the front openings, lay holes (wells), draw ditches, cut, shake off the top and bottom ..
2. Classification
Behind the minds of the approval cinnamon copalini endogenous, exogenous and metamorphogenic. In addition, behind the minds is the development of the corny copalini of organic and inorganic promenade.
Behind the physical campє solid, rocky and gas-like brown copalini.
Behind the minds of the lagoon- layers, veins, etc.
For promislovim vikoristannyam see the advancing groups of cinnamon copalins: metal (ore), non-metal (non-metallic), combustible (fire) and hydromineral.
for values korisnі kopalini dіdіat on zagalnogo і mіstsevom value. In Ukraine, the change of the brown copalines to the state-power and religious significance is acknowledged by the Cabinet of the Ministry of Ukraine for the submissions of the State Committee of Ukraine for Geology and Victory of Nadr.
Endogenous cinnamon copalini- the speeches that were established in the nadra of the earth as a result of crystallization, solidification of magma and the activity of magmatic dissociation. To them are admitted:
Exogenous corny copalini - speeches, which were established on the surface of the earth, for example, in the upper part of the earth measles during the infusion of processes of vivification - physical, chemical, biogenic ruining, for example, when infusing live streams of water.
Exogenous corisne copalini settling, waking up, at the bottom of the bolt, lakes, rychok, sea and oceans. The stench is formed as a result of mechanical and biochemical re-engineering and differentiation of mineral speech and endogenous activity. Razrіznyayut chotiri genetic groups of cich copalin: surplus, infiltratsіynі, rozsipni and sedimentation.
- Zalishkov is formed as a result of the production of mineral deposits from the zone of recovery and accumulation of poorly soluble mineral surplus, which is confirmed by ore, nickel, manganese, aluminum.
- Infiltrating occurs when precipitated from the underground waters of the surface marching in them mineral speeches from the statements of the deposition of ores to uranium, medi, medium, gold, native crimson.
- Rise of important valuable minerals accumulated in fluffy deposits at the bottom of the sea uzbekshy, up to the number of gold, platinum, titanium, tungsten, tin minerals.
- Sedimentation is established in the process of sedimentation on the bottom of the sea and continental waters, in the form of a load of water, oil shale, oil, combustible gas, salts, phosphorite, ore, ore, manganese, bauxite, uranium, vapnyak, cement syruvina).
Metamorphogenic cinnamon copalini- Exogenous and (abo) endogenous cinnamon copalini, the structure and texture of some are changed by the temperature, a vice, glimmering changes and the smallest marks in the earth's surface. Metamorphism changes in temperature in the range of 300-1100 C and vice in the range of 1-6000 atm. Variations include recrystallization, minerological and chemical re-creation of girskiy breeds.
Until the brown copalins of organic walking speeches of all three aggregate plants: gas (natural gas), ridki (naphtha) and solid (vugilla, shale, peat). Three types of solid digging are introduced to non-organic species: non-difficult mineral syruvini, to avenge non-metallic breeds (asbestos, graphite, granite, gypsum, vapnyak, kam'yana sil, quartz, marmur, sirka, mica); agronomic ores (apatity, phosphorite) ores of black, coloric, noble and rare metals.
ore subdivided into metal and non-metal. In metal ores, ore is carried, yak є sirovinoy for rejecting black, color, rich, expensive and other metals (gold, medium, uranium and іnshі). Before non-metallic ore, yak is carried for chemistry, grub and industry (asbestos, graphite, phosphorite, etc.).
Non-hard brown copalini- that is, if you don’t substitute metals and syruvina for the production of educational materials (clay, sand, gravel, vapnyak and in.) ..
vicopne represented by wood, peat, oil shale, naphtha, natural gas, crystals. Brown digs are stored from minerals - natural chemical spoluk or native elements, approximately the same for chemical warehouse and physical authorities. In a wide sense of minerals, they carry gas-like speech (natural gas), ridin (naphtha, mercury, mineral water) and solid minerals. We handle solid minerals very well. In nature, the minerals are broadened in the form of crystals or grains, which are stored in mono-or poly-mineral aggregates. There are from 2000 to 3000 basic types of minerals (Frey K.), all - up to 14000 (for Lazarenko E.K. and Vinaryam O.M.). In the earth's bark, the most common minerals are in the class of silikats and the class of oxides and hydroxides.
Ukraine, which borrows 0.4% of the earth's land, de-lives only 0.8% of the planet's population, and in its nadra 5% of the mineral potential of light.
3. Genesis
The genesis (think of the statement of cinnamon copalins) is based on the Budova of cinnamon copalins, the nature of crystallization, isomorphism, fluidity and steps of oxidation and electronic power of minerals. For example, sulfide ores, which are established as a result of crystallization of melted magma, or precipitation of sulfide minerals from hot water breakdowns, become solid, coarse-crystalline buds, and not even an hour. Oxidation of ore, which was established in the process of oxidation and formation of sulfide ores, is characterized by a fine crystalline budova and great number feast on the rich-clay material. When oxidized ores are refined, the crystalline-argillaceous material creates a large number of primary sludge, which is quickly poured into the flotation.
The genesis of the appearance is the change of an isomorphic house in minerals. There is a wide range of changes to the change of isomorphic formation into sphalerite and pentlandite, molybdenum into scheelite, manganese into tungsten, and it is often added to the necessary improvement of activation and depression of isomorphic forms of minerals. Isomorphism is the main reason for the presence in ores of light and important flotation species of one and the same mineral.
Due to the genesis, to lay down the spіvіdnoshennya concentration of electrons and the nature of the change of the farm in napіvprovidnikovyh minerals. The change in the concentration of electrons in the surface sphere is not due to the changes in the concentration of reagents that were established earlier, or it can be infused into the concentrate as much as possible. With a high concentration of electrons, it is possible, for example, to absorb an oxidizing reagent, and with a high concentration of droplets - to a reagent, which reduces the concentration in the surface sphere to an optimal value.
Secondary changes can be made as ore miners, so they are mined, so they can. the most important changes minerals of empty breeds of mating with creepers, kaolinization, chlorination and seritization of their surfaces. Kaolinizatsiya and serіtsіtіzatsіya, for example, є the main processes of changing polish spar, which is typical for zalizomagnesialnyh minerals most characteristic chlorinating. In the process of secondary changes, the unification of the surface powers of the pedigree minerals during the growing up is observed zaghalny step hydrophobicity.
4. View of cinnamon copalins
Vikoristannya human mineral syruvina reigned in the Paleolithic (Div. Girnich on the right). Through all the history of the development of the suspension of k.k. bully found a syruvina, the need for a sharp increase in the period of becoming and thoroughly promiscuous and growing obsyagiv prom. virobnstva. Svitova economy of the XX century. based on the victorian majestic numbers of the small k.k. - Shoroku in the last ten years of the twentieth century. z nadr 3. vykhalsya approx. 20-25 billion tons of mineral oil and tens of billion tons of empty breed. The very reserve of mineral riches is the nadra of the Svitovoy ok., The Persh of the sea and ocean. shelf There are great prospects for improving the resources of the ore syruvina in an easy-to-see maybutt ring with gold-manganese nodules, which will fall on the bottom of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic. OK. The order of gold and manganese ends to replace mead, nickel, cobalt and in .. valuable elements. In the rest. ten years of the twentieth century OK. 1/3 part of the consumption of Kamyanaya salt, 1/5 part of the consumption of magnesium, the amount of bromine is recognized as sea water... All great respect is screwing up mineral salts and mineralized waters of lagoons, lakes, sea. inflow, rift zones, which are not only the originators of bromine, iodine, kamyanoi salt, mirabilite, and it may also be a matter of lithium, rubidia, cesium, boron, strontium, etc.
A great reserve of the most important maybut is the synthesis of mineral syruvin. In a number of countries in the great prom. On a scale, synthetic diamonds are circulated, piezoquartz, rubin are synthesized, and experiments are underway to remove synthetic mica, optical crystals. quartz and ін ..
4.1. how to vidobotku
Div. also
legacy vidobutku
Naybilsha nebezpeka pidsterigak on the ecosystem in hydrothermal karst caves. Dzherela hot mineral water such as ore cinnamon kopalini, like honey, cadmium, nickel or platinum. It takes an hour of experimental industrial projects of the enterprise and then to improve the possibilities and methods of converting brown copalins from sea glybines into the future. According to the forecasts of the participants in the project "Census", in the course of the changes in the classroom, mothers of negative inheritance may come in: "We took away the results and the results of the time spent by the greats in no time, and they grow up to be interested in the victorious resources". Іnіmіzuvati ecological injection such a virtue. However, the problem is that at once we have a lack of information about the diversity of species in the ecosystems of sea glybin, so that we can really assess the inheritance.
All groups are subdivided into unalterable groups and food groups, which are based on different criteria. The skin group is evidently gaining its value for the people's government. The economic potential of the land is abundant in what to lay down as a kind of small family of copalins and in the place of the land it is reasonable to order them, sell or recycle them. It is important for the nobility, as they see the brown copalins and I want to see the criteria of the classifications.
The main groups of cinnamon copalin
The treasury of earthly nadra is grander and more versatile, but the classification can be unrealistic for the memory, so you can see three main groups of reddish copalins:
- metal ores;
- combustible underground kopalini;
- wake-up call
metal ores
Numerous group in addition to the fact that they see the cinnamon copalins, borrow metal ores. For its versatility, the group is unique: to store a lot of ore, metal, including gold, silver, zinc, gold and honey. Naturally, leather ore can be stored in a small amount of metal, which is why ore is used in small and large quantities.
Zalizna ore is one of the most important dzherel zaliza. bagata Zalizna ore To avenge the majesty of a number of speech and his heroes is even more obvious. Qia ore is the basis for virobnism steel. The deposits are located in the middle of volcanic rocks, new deposits of gold ore are formed from the crust of tectonic plates.
Nickel ore, addition and processing of which, is also an important part of the people's government. Vidobutok nіkel is necessary, fragments of yogo are widely used for making stainless steel, heat-resistant steels.
Flammable cinnamon copalini
Everything is simple, everything is like naphtha and gas. The ancestors їх often perebuyut under water, especially rich in naphtha Caspian Sea. Tsi kopalini vikoristovuyutsya people on the largest scale, i want to our earthly cool There are a lot of generic naphtha and gas, in fact they are already actively joking an alternative, since after ten years the people of the Riziku can conquer all the earth's reserves. Combustible cinnamon copalini are whole and peat, stones and storms. Vugilya is actively playing for robotic energy stations.
Budivelny korisny kopalini
The group is even more profitable for its warehouse and is not less important, not two in front. Before her, there is a cheap turtle-vapnyak, which is the main alarm material stretching out a lot of money, and expensive granite and marmur (the part of the small species can still be overworldly). Clay and sand can also be used. Clay is a valuable material, like a lyudin vikoristovu already more than one thousand rocks, itself on the surplus of clay objects by the introduction of ancient civilizations.
It is not hard to vivchit, as you see the brown copalins, not guessing the expensive stones. Їх vidobutok is conducted throughout the world, and a number of self-colors, as people are victorious in jewelery right, so in some galuzes are invisible.
Korisny kopalini - video