Create folklore for children. The main genre of childish folklore
genre childish folklore
DEthnic folklore the area of folk culture, a free tool for socializing children. Yak the sphere of folk culture is independent. Vin Volodya is a powerful genre system and aesthetically specific. Childish folklore is tse one from the straightforward folklore. Unimportant on the visibility of the childish folklore from the folklore of the grown-ups, between them will arise in the course of the historical and functional evolution of the genres. So, koliskov's songs are brought up to the childish folklore by some presenters, and they are brought in by the grown-up folklore, attached for the vicarious in the childish middle-class. At the same time, it is possible to promote іnuvati genres, as it is possible in the rіvnіy world to bring і to mature, і to childish folklore: riddles, songs, kazki.
Passing into the middle-class child, a large number of suspicious texts will be awakened according to the peculiarities of the child's psyche. Smell like informative, as well as pedagogical and developmental functions. The transformation process has a folding character. Bagato creations of childish folklore passed to children so long ago, but the memory of it was lost, and the creation of children passed into childish folklore recently. Otzhe, it is necessary to vivchat the genre with the urahuvannya of the history of the journey.
Traditionally, you can see two straight lines, behind which you can see the admiration of childish folklore. On one side, folklore has grown to become a childish middle-class. From the very beginning, the children themselves create, how to protect the specificity of the child's sensibility.
Beforelove song - one of the found genres of folklore. Call the tse melody, for the song, I will give people to calm down and zipannya. In the main koliskov's mother of his child, albeit most often a viconavian and a hearer who can hear something, koliskov's can be written down on the basis of information, can be sung old for a sick person in other vipadas.
Koliskova's song is a song, for the help of which you can kill a child. Oskilki song supravodzhuvalasya to the child's worldly movements, in a very important rhythm.
Hush, Little Baby, Do not Say a Word,
Chi do not lie on the edge,
Come sirenky vovchok,
I sip it by the barrel,
І stretch from lisok,
Pid Rakitova bush
There the birds sleep
you won't give spati.
The heroes of the іnshikh koliskovykh pisen are the charmers. Such yak "Sleep", "Drimota", "vgamuvatisya".
Ay, li-li, ah, li-li,
Take it to you,
Take it to you,
Sleep our little girl with liquor.
Walk Sleep bilya vikon,
Wander Drimota bilya booth,
I wonder, why all sleep.
In such songs, cooing hums, housewives, quietly murkoche whales are the most frequent.
NSrіgovorki - beastly to coma, ptah_v, tvarin. Tse can be not only straight beast, but sound and sound, for example, ptaham: “Don't be so bobi! Go for the mushrooms! It's bad here! It's bad here ”(odud); “Chiji vi? Chiji vi? - Vsh_vik! Vshivik! "(Seagull). Before the dressing, it is introduced in all kinds of animal breeding up to zozuly: "Zozulya-zozulya, what about my life?" For their voyages, calls and prizes descend to ancient incantations and snakes, for the help of which our ancestors were maggized into the forces of nature. The contagious stench passed into childish folklore.
* * *
Bdzhilka, bdzhilka, give us honey,
Shcheb povna bula deck!
Let's eat honey, sujuvati:
"Oh, yak, our bdzhilka is robotic!"
* * *
Grass-ant,
Green, scent - dumb you are more beautiful!
In Galyavintsi and in lis
Chi don't blunt my braid,
Hay in the winter stock
I'll bring you the first!
* * *
Blizzard-krasunya,
Doesn't it befit to you?
Merezhiv, scho not sitting,
What are you afraid of?
The axis is tobi,
Would you like to do it!
* * *
Birdie-bird - a nightingale,
Come to us soon!
Tirlim-tirlim-tirlim-lei,
Life will become more fun for us!
Zagadka - metaphorically twisting, in which one object is depicted behind the help of the other, I think about it, I want to see it, similarity; At the present time of the Victory Lyudin I was guilty of the idea of the subject. Riddles are posed among all peoples, on which bi-level the stench did not stand. When a riddle is received, it is clear to him that a riddle is required to be guessed, and when a riddle is given, it’s a good idea.
For their form, the folk riddles are conciliated with adherence: the same peace, foldable mova, the same often implantation of rim and sound of words. It is only a nourishing form of robbing from the side, if you ask a riddle or order; butt: "Sit on a sheepskin, and b'є sable" (promislovets).
Chi is not kravets, but all life is to walk with heads.
(Їjack)
At water bathing, and dry bathing.
(Goose)
Two twelve brothers wander one by one,
one does not bypass one.
(Місяці)
For seven brothers, rocks of the same name and of the name of life.
(Dni tyizhnya)
Those black canvas, then the canvas is curved.
(Day and night)
Put the motorcycle on the head.
(Snake)
No hands, no nig povze. (Worm)
NSdonkey - small form of folk poetical creativity, Dressed in a short, rhythmic hang, which carries a thoughtful idea, a visnovok, a narration with a didactic joke.
By its own power, the goiters are bound to the meaningful effect, which is the result of a special contraction of the syntactic and lexical form, which is called to be closed as a zmist; Accept, for the help of those who can reach the chain:
The style of the proposition and the frequent introduction of unassigned special forms and words in the present hour, or the ordering method
parallelism
Aliteration, asonance, Rome and sound mechanics
All the receptions add to the publicity of solidarity, the adoption of metaphors to the level, so that they can be converted into a typical equivalent of a practically unlimited number of situations.
"Life is given for good."
"Red mova prikazkoyu."
"Grace to God, but do not know yourself."
“I will not live without kutiv,
you can't move without a word of mouth. "
"I won't be afraid of wetting the board."
"Small, that's fine."
"On someone else's side, radium is its own funnel."
"Someone got used to the young, the one to the water dme."
"To the scared bunny and the hemp - wow."
"The whole homeland at once, so and the soul is at the scene."
"Buv bi obid, and the spoon is known."
"Spokonvіku book to grow people."
NSshy - word-of-mouth, moving sound, how to visualize life, one of the smallest genres of folklore. It is often humorous in nature.
From the simplest poetic creations, such as a bike, or if you listen, you can see and independently move into life, elements, in which the zmist of the original text is thick; tse is not an abstract formula of an idea to the creature, a little more tension on it, taking from the creation itself and the serviceman by an intercessor (for example, "a pig with an oak tree", or "a dog in the blue", or "guilt to blame smittya z hati")
The order, on the basis of the message, is not to take revenge on the commonplace commander.
"Hunger is not a tint, a pie is not hungry"
"The word is not gorobets"
"Do not hammer the egg into the hammer"
"Calling himself a grú here - go to the box "
"A spoonful of diogtyu in bochtsi honey"
"You will call Yak vie choven - so get out and poplive"
"Road́ spoon to obid "
"So, the coachman does not replace the zivin!"
"Friends learn in bidi"
"Vid Sumí that from the prison, do not swear "
"Found a scythe on a stone"
"Without God, not until the threshold"
"Tsiluh - means to love"
"B'є means to love"
Deyak_ orders may be similar to the sound, albeit meaningless. So, for example, on the other hand, from home to home, "B'є means to love" the wisdom of the people"To iron is to love."
Zreading rooms - view childish creativity... As a rule, the prices are not large, with a clear rimo-rhythmic structure in a hot form, which is meant for vipadovy deprivation (inviting one) of the participant without any need. A non-bad vibor (classified) can be a simple one of the type "for the first, the other", the result of which is the subdivision of the first without problems for 2.
Vyshov misyats from the fog,
Wiynyav knife from the chisel,
I will rizati, I will beat,
All one tobi drive.
***
Eniki, beniki or dumplings,
Eniki, beniki z'ili dumplings,
Eniki, beniki, hop!
Viyshov greens syrup.
***
Eni, beni, riki, taki,
Turba, urba, sintіbryaki,
EUS, beus, krasnobeus,
Bam!
***
They sat on the golden krill:
Tsar, prince,
King, prince,
Shvets, kravets.
Who will you be like this?
Speak quickly
Do not overwhelm good and honest people!
NSotoshka - the whole genre of usny folk creativity. Nursery for rooting and rooting for a baby. Vaughn to impart to the little child the intelligence of the human language and vikonuvati rіznі ruhi, which is the word keru. The word in the nursery rhyme is uneasily tied with a gesture. Wono є the head and follow the gesture.
Children of quiet deliver great joy, so the fathers can fix their vicissitudes from the earliest age. The little ones helped the fathers in the most exciting moments with the little ones. I don't want the child to stand on her own, and I don't want to be robbed, the nursery rhyme is still viral in such vipadki. Quiet for the little children themselves will help the little one to adjust to the required way and to grow in the game form what is necessary. The nursery rhyme can be pidbadoriti, connect and entertain the child practically in any situation.
Rankovy potіshki.
We threw ourselves, we threw ourselves.
Solodko, licorice stretched.
The mothers of the tat laughed.
The axis is thrown,
stretched,
From one side to the other
Turned around!
Drink!
Drink!
De Igrashki,
Rattles?
Ty, igrashka, rattle,
Our child is welcome!
Sonechko, Sonechko,
take a look at the end.
Zazirni in the end,
wake up Sergiyka.
The day is a little bit higher,
we know more,
why the kids didn’t nudge,
and from Sergiyku grated.
Tips from the sleep.
Don't cry, don't cry
I will buy a roll.
I don’t cry, I don’t cry,
Buy іnshy.
Sliosi wipe
I'll give you three.
Kitty is in pain
The dog is in pain
And my baby
Live bait-live-alive.
The fox has pain
I am in pain
And Vanechka
Bil on a whisk
Do the lis fly.
Come kitska do not sleep
І pet the baby
Nyav-nyav - say kitka
Our ditinko is good.
Ah, Coquelin-soaked,
The very guys got wet.
If you want to imitate a child,
That goat will butsati.
Ddifferent to visualize negative moments in children’s mind. The stench is coming out at once і funny, і imaginative. A teaser to keep children in mind to help the naughty, develop sensitivity to blind situations in life. The smell is vismiyuyut lin, greed. Boyaguztvo, boasting and nasty little squeaks.
***
Tsikavikh on the market
They pinched nis in the cat.
Tsikavikh for days
They pinched me for days.
Tsikava Barbara
We've seen it on the market.
***
Uncle piggy - I repeat,
And by the name of the Indian.
Licking all the tarіlki,
And thank you without saying!
***
I will tell you to vushko
About the green toad. Don't tell anyone
Tom is very good.
***
Uncle Stoop with a big nose
Coming to me for meals:
Yak change tsei nis,
Would you like more wine? -
Wee buy vitriol
I sign it up to the nose,
Chop with a chisel -
We need to get out of the way.
NSrіpevki to serve as representations of the pictures of a child's life, tightly tied to nature. For example, the lads went to the little river for a swim, they knew from the driver and began to learn:
Ravlik, ravlik, let the horns go!
I will give a cake of a pie and a glechik to Sir,
And if you don't vipustish the horns, the goat will gore you.
Riba danced with cancer
And parsley - with parsnips,
Selera - with an hour
And іndichka - with pivnem.
But I didn’t want a carrot,
I didn’t think about it.
***
Oh liu-li, tara-ra
There is a mountain on the mountains,
And on those mountains there is a meadow,
And on that meadow there is an oak tree,
And sit on that oak
Raven in chervonya chobot
Have little green earrings.
Black raven on an oak tree,
Vin Grau at the Trumpet
The pipe is chiseled
gilded
Vrantzi vin into the pipe to surmount,
Talk until the night.
beep
Listen to the crow
Sweet gingerbread.
Zpebbles A collection of boules was invented for children. However, I didn’t seem to have a bar. corny power tsієї zhartivlivіy fun. Little kids scramblers - phrases that are difficult to digest, a collection of phrases invented for the development of children. Alee nezabarno vyavilsya and іnshі corsnі power of the fun. The authors of the scrambled eggs were pushed before the children got to the right way, and they were satisfied with such a process. To that, the pictures, as images in them, often wink and laugh.
The little ones do the best to take the little marshmallows. And the process of repeating tsikavih vershikiv for them is a kind of gra. In the Danish hour, the skoromovki vikoristovuyut the process of becoming cinnamon, and at the same hour we are cheerful and tsikavim.
In addition, the stench of building defects can be corrected at your child's place when it is obvious.
Grubs have three tsurki, three gusks, three pitching.
***
Beaver Dobriy for beavers.
***
Bobri Dobri go to bori.
***
Woodpecker oak dovbav, that didn’t dodolbіl.
***
Having taken a Greek through the river,
Bach a Greek - in cancer,
Having thrust his hand into the river,
Cancer for the hand of the Greek tsap.
***
Jackdaw on the willow,
There are pebbles on the birch.
Hidiot - the genre of usnyi folk creativity, proverbs or verses of a small debate, as a rule, comic
wisdom, in the basis of the plot, which lies in the image of deliberately created action.
Nebilitsya is a type of Kazakh genre, in which "the action of the vyvernut navivorit". Before the non-residents are informed of the notification “about absolutely unhappy people in their lives, on the brink of the fact that people will fall over their shoulders into a swamp, roll into the nest on their heads and lay eggs, and come lasuvati eggs, etc.”
Їhala village past the peasant,
Raptom z-pid dogs bark the gate.
Viskochila club with a grandmother in rutsi
І let's hit the horse on the man.
Dakhi were angry, sat on the crows,
Kin the trash of a man with a batog.
three wise men
Three wise men in one basin
We set off on the sea in a thunderstorm.
be stronger
Old pelvis,
Dowshi
Buv bi my rozpovid.
Shift S. Marshak
Hastushka - a folklore genre, a short Russian folk song (chotirivirsh), humorous zmistu, showing off at a fast pace. Є pre-empted, where the name of the part resembles from the word "vchachaty" to the meanings "speak quickly, from the mode of frequent music bars"; Name your interpretation in motivation - "those who often repeat".
The text of the part - zvvychay chotirivirsh, written well, in which the 2nd and 4th rows are rimmed (all rows are rinsed in every row). characteristic rice Move parts є richness of young people, often go beyond Literary Movies... Chastushka often vikonutsya pіd accompaniment harmony or balalaika.
The chastushka was victorious in the last third of the 19th century as an element of the Silk folklore, but the most development was neglected by the formation of the Radianskoy power.
The parts were stored by all - both adults and children.
*** ***
Yak in the garden-city I am guska bedna,
Love the goat for a walk. Yak kopіyka mіdna.
Going for a hike Through the village of Khoju boss,
Do not spawn! Save the fluff for the winter.
*** ***
I sat on the stove, at me on the sundress
Vartuvala kalachi. Petushki and pivniki
And for the rude bears In the whole light is dumb
Dumplings were being played. My dear granny!
Polinuvsya vranci Vova Sitting Leshka at the table
Comb with a comb, Colup in the nose
A cow has gone to a new one, And a lump has come out:
I combed my hair! All one thing is not for vilizu!
*** ***
The shirt became a rapt to strangle. Petya is sparingly catching riba
Little did I die out of fear. I may plit zmaistruvati,
Then the minds: "Yo-mayo! Tilki" hello "and" thank you "
I’m viris from her! "Do not speak!
*** ***
I think I'm jargon Kolі: Vrantsі mama our Mila
Ti, Kohl, flip-flop, chi scho? Two zukerki donated.
Zagarchav win, hvist pidibgav, Present the ice,
The lis has a dull one. Immediately, she herself and z'yila.
***
Yshli nazustrich Tolya with the Track,
One hundred dances are dull.
It seems that the stench was joking
Old Man Hottabich!
***
Loving little kids
All the zukerki.
Hto grize, hto kovtaє,
Whoa for a cheeky kataє.
***
Heroic Lena z linnyu
The day was at war
Ale, it's a great pity
Olena Lin has overcome.
***
Life on light is rotten
Pioneer Pete -
Hit yogo on pizza
Pioneer Seryozha!
Zaklichki - the beast to the manifestations of nature (to the sun, to the weather, to the board, to the snow, to the trees, to the trees).
Plank, plank, more cheerful
Drip, drip, do not mischief!
Don't get us wet!
There is no knocking at the end of the day.
***
Plank, plank,
Drop, drop, drop,
Soak the roads
All one walk pіdemo.
Mom, give me galoshes!
***
Rainbow arc
Chi don't give the board,
Come on sonechko
Chervono vedrishko.
***
Grіm grimuchiy,
Trasny hmari,
give a board
From the heavenly steep.
***
Doschik, lei, lei, lei!
There will be green grass,
grow up quotes
On a green meadow.
NSeating
- there is one genre of usny folk creativity, signs for the little children themselves. Pestushko is a small verse, or a pisenka, a zeal and a tsikava for a child. As a result of this word, I became an understander of "prykati", but now I do not have to repent. I don’t call that Pestushko vіrshiki, I want the stench to be smelled, and I’ll always be vicious. For the old people, for hours, I respected that Pestushko did not only develop a child, but her healthy health, synchronizing the child's biorhythm with the biorhythm of mother and Nature itself. Know in a wide variety of specialties Pestushko and read to your children. Їm tse obov'yazkovo vouchsafed.
***
great legs
Yshli on the road:
Top, top, top,
Top, top, top!
little nizhki
We went along the road:
Top, top, top, top,
Top, top, top, top!
Handles - pulls
The first little ones are clappers.
Nizhki-nizhki - topotushki,
Pobigenki, poprigushka.
Z good luck, Pens,
Little ones and little ones,
Quotes-quotes - Smack!
***
Oh Kachi, Kachi, Kachi!
Golovan has a kalachi,
The little gingerbreads have gingerbread,
Nizhkah has an apple,
3 bok_v candy,
Gold drinks!
zm_st
Childish folklore ................................................ ...... 1
Koliskovy pictures ................................................ ... ... 2
Sentences ................................................. ........... ... 3
Riddles ................................................. .............. ..... 4
Prisliv'ya ............................................... ................ 5
Orders ................................................. .............. 6
Lichilki ................................................. ............... 7
Potishki ................................................. .............. .eight
Drazhnik ................................................. ........... ..ten
Attachments ................................................. .............. eleven
Swinging machines ................................................. ........ ..12
Nebilitsi ................................................. ........... ..13
Chastushka ................................................. ........... ... fourteen
Calls ................................................. .............. 16
Pestushki ................................................. ........... ... 17
Ministry of Education and Science
Federal state budget lighting installation all the professional education
Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Faculty of culture i additional education
Department of People art culture and musical education
Specialty People's art creativity
Specialization Theory and history of folk art culture
discipline: Theory and history of folk art culture
Genre KLASIFIKATSIYA CHILD FOLKLORE
Vikonala: 4th year student
Shiker Olga Viktorivna
candidate pedagogical sciences,
Associate Professor of the Department of NHKiMO
Minulin Nina Oleksandrivna
Novosibirsk 2012
Entry
Chapter 1. Zagalna characteristic childish folklore
1 Rizni go to the witness of the understanding "childish folklore"
2 artistic features folklore for children
3 From the history of savage to childish folklore
4 Zbirannya i vivchennya childish folklore
Chapter 2. Classification of child folklore
1 Childish іgroviy folklore
2 Extra-game children's folklore
visnovok
List of vikoristanikh dzherel
supplement
Entry
Folklore is a mystery of words, which includes in itself: admission, ditties, kazki, legends, myths, parables, scraps, riddles, heroic epic, bilini, said and іnshe.
The main mass of creations of usnyi folk creativity of the winery in the distant olden days, however, in the past, in the past, in the past, in many cases it is not easy to see: and repeatable squash, it is said that it is conjured and still rich.
Yak bulo has already been seen earlier, a cob of folklore shores in the distant past. Win nascent і Winik Todi, if the large number of people is still not a little writing, but also not enough, then there will be only one - the sanctified shamans, who are those who are genii in their hour. In the picture, riddles, attitudes, kazka, bilini, and other forms of folklore, people formulated their feelings and emotions in a way, acclaimed them in the weary creation, sent their knowledge to the people, and they themselves got their heads their own maybutnіh sites.
A special place in folklore is a childish folklore. Youmu itself is assigned given to the robot... Through falling asleep, the people's creativity of the child is formed by the need in the artistic word. This is not a vague thing, an important moment for the vikhovny robots of the skin teacher was the wide knowledge of children with folklore creativity.
The relevance of robotics lies in the fact that today's childish folklore is a large, specific, multi-component area of folk creativity. Vona includes classic childish folklore (tse "poeziya plekannya", so that create, which was developed and witnessed in advance, folklore texts, such as children of preschool age) and educational folklore in this gone into a child's tradition.
happy about it category "child folklore" in the process of learning its specifics, for the purpose of revealing what a lack of sight of child folklore is deprived of it in the mainstream folk tradition and folk pedagogy. For the whole it is necessary to respect both words of the understanding "childish folklore".
Crazy, childish folklore is in front of folklore, it is to follow the culture of tradition, in the basis of which typological decline and typological repetition. Childish folklore cannot be discerned as the posture of the intriguing theory of folklore, theory of genres, genesis and mythology, historical poetics.
The meta of the given doslіdzhennya - vivchita pontettya, zbirannya, vivchennya and classification of child folklore, about the analysis of the history of the diagnosis and genre of development of child folklore
To achieve the delivered item, it is necessary to display a number of buildings:
· Give me a description of the childish folklore;
· Analyze the history of childish folklore;
· Display the classifications of childish folklore.
The structure of the robot - the robot is given to be stored in the entry, two razdіlіv, attachment to the list of victorian dzherel.
Chapter 1. Zagalny characteristic of childish folklore
1.1 Come to the witness of the witness "childish folklore"
At nautsi іsnu bezlіch points of view about the name of the understanding "childish folklore". So, for example, V.P. Anikin brings to the childish folklore "the creativity of grown-ups for children, the creativity of grown-ups, which has become a childish child, and the child's creativity is in the most intelligent words." Tsyu dumku podilyayut E.V. Pomerantseva, V.A. Vasilenko, M.N. Melnikov and I. Prescribed the characteristics of childish folklore, as a rule, they fix the look of creations that have been grown up and show them for children (koliskovy pisnі, pestushki and quiet)
First, having characterized, the zmist, obsyag and between the intelligentsia "childish folklore", calling it "a special manifestation of a childlike child, і don’t be included in the repertoire of grown-ups ”, I think that it’s not necessary to be seen by the children themselves, but they don’t store their repertoire (and the whole“ mother’s lyricism ”, or“ the poetry of the playfulness ”) in the folklore. one mind - hto є wear folklore. At the same time, G.S. Vinogradov vidіlya koliskovі pictures, pestushki and nursery rhymes "in a special view of folklore, fall asleep literature for children ”, we’ve got involved in the mother’s school.
Mayzhe immediately with G.S. Vinogradov O.I.Kapitsa proponated her mind and child folklore. Noses and creators of childish folklore, growing up and children. " With quiet feast, without what it would not be motivation and priming in scientific publications of texts, preliminaries, navchalnyh posіbnikov get along two ways to understand "childish folklore." Offended points of view to describe the pose of discussion, the pose of scientific polemics, and at the same time to inform about the creative unimportance.
Do not bring the creativity of mothers і pestun to childish folklore і Yu.M. Sokolov
Chi does not imply koliskovy pictures of childish folklore and V.I. Chicherov. One of the lectures given in the course of the lectures "Russian folk creativity" (1959) is called "Koliskovi i ditachi pisni".
From the point of view to the witness of the understanding, “childish folklore” is dumb. Offended points of view to describe the pose of discussion, the pose of scientific polemics, and at the same time to inform about the creative unimportance.
1.2 Artistic features of folklore for children
Create a child, like a grown-up, folklore is set up on the basis of a lively rosy move. They may have in mind the peculiarities of the poetics of the genres of mature folklore. So, for example, in the composition of childish cossacks, like and among grown-up cossacks about creatures, dialogue is widely victorious. In children’s siblings, it is possible to see such compositional forms as the form of a monologue, dialogue and іn. Above all, for example, a child of the compositional form of a "descriptive-informed part plus dialogue":
"Knock, bang on the streets:
Thomas ide on kurtsi, ... "( Div. supplement)
Little siblings do not often repair themselves from animals. for example:
Kukuriku, Kochetok!
On the turn of the peasant.
Cow, Burenushka,
Give me some milk
Feed the shepherdess.
Children’s songs start to repeat. It is not easy for the scribes to stand when they are on the spot. for example:
Where the goat is horned,
butted goat.
Mova childish folklore evolves into great freedom. It is very easy for a new person to show the love of children to word-creation. So, it is not common for creatures in the creations of a childish folklore to be figuratively called from the quiet ones by the signs: Vovk - "Sirko", Vedmid - "from the barlog Valen", Misha - "Norushka", Fly - "Galas", a mosquito - "Piskun" etc. ... NS..
O.I. The capitulation means: “The childish folklore has more intelligently developed words, it’s constantly evolving with invisible words, so it goes out of the frame of the ever-changing movement, ale, unimpressed on the quietness,
Often, guys get used to the sound words "Fedya-Medya", "karakul-marakula", "shishel-viyshov", "siyu-viyu" bivalko "," shostomu-tovkachem "," ati-bati "," Eni-beni "etc. ...
A childish folklore has a great meaning to suck on the sound of words. It is not easy for those chi іnshe word in the works of childish folklore to get used to the world not intelligence, but sounding. Let's clear the butt of the tsyo є the clever move of the detectives.
In all genres of childish folklore, Rome is widely victorious. As a rule, the price of Rome. for example:
A plank, a plank of the forest,
I'll give you a lot.
I'll give you a spoon
Siorbay giblets.
Mova childish folklore evolves into great freedom. It is very easy for a new person to show the love of children to word-creation. A childish folklore has a great meaning to suck on the sound of words.
Create your own creativity for children, expand our declarations about Russian folklore, and testify about it to the great genre development.
1.3 From the history of savage to childish folklore
Folklore is often seen to feed people, being imagined by the collective rosum, accumulated to see, life. In the first place, before the determination of pedagogy as an academic science, it was also viroblena folk pedagogy - the system of education of people from the nation before the transition to the new society.
Є The area of folk creativity is especially special, childish folklore, the yak, the thought of the most glorious old-timer G.S. Vinogradov, the viclikan before life is called “not because of the pedagogical needs of the people” is called. The creatures, beastly before children, appear more intelligent in their specialties. For the little ones themselves, still in peluches, it's simple Pestushko:the stench of the beasts to the scourge of the child, to the first rucks of her hands and feet. Until the head, before the smile and the message. By the essence, the whole genre is a kind of a star of the reception of the physical wickedness, like a thousand years of motherhood. The little pets take the development from the child of the coordination of rukhiv, rivnovagi, fixing rukhovykh navichok, є good right for music, it is not often supervised to use massage techniques: stroking, beating, lightly squeezing tiltsya ...
“Lun plive! Lun plive! "- the handles of the child at once with their mothers smoothly collapse towards themselves, as if they were floating. "Owl fly!" - swiftly waving handles, nasleduchi swinging krill ptah. On another rotsi life for quiet, hto start talking, - little quiet,in which in іgrovіy forms іn already not trivial arrangement і first moral tales; in the nursery rhymes, take a seat on the occasional moment.
Until the end of the koliskovy viku child sleep attachments, I do not support games. Smolder їkh priznachennya - zoserediti respect for zmіstі, by ourselves, developing rozum ditini:
A goat went to the bazaar, a goat bought a scythe.
What youmu scythe? Mow the grass.
To mow the grass? Good horse God.
What good horse do you want? Carry the oak forest.
Na scho oak forest carry?
Mist bridge.
What is the place of the bridge?
On a visit to the goat goes.
The moral of the attachment: first, please, be a guest, work hard. In the form of power supply and ideas, there is a change in the simple and necessary in life to understand. (For a similar adaptation in D. B. Kabalevsky's artwork, see In the Reading Book before music programs for foreign school... 2-3 class - 116, p. 131.) A є such a genre, yak nebilitya-inversion. They put everything on the head. Children should be mindless of the sense of being able to drink, as well as a wikipedia:
"At the intricate settlement,
On Ivanoviy mountains, ... "
“Vivchayuchi folk art for children,” wrote E.S. Lytvyn, - it is possible to overturn, because of the subtlety here, the instillation and consolidation in the image and words of the out-of-town people guarding the psychology of childhood. The child's need for a smile, cheerfulness, humor, it’s early to wake up interest to food, great value for its development ... - all the figures of the child’s psyche knew their vision in the mind, image, memory. according to: 5, p. 576].
Folklore has its own genre, its own repertoire. It’s like a child’s one is starting to talk, starting to actively collapse, being involved in the process of a child’s masterful creativity. During the whole period of the dynasty of the authorities, there are scrappers, dredgers, chants, squashes, etc.
A whole lot of children get to go to Igor. Іgri vikhoyuyut feeling fraternal spilkuvannya, partnership. One hour tse zmagannya in strength, spritznostі, kmіtlivostі. In the games, innovations, organizers' health, and wine are being developed. Bagato old-fashioned іgri included spіv. Tse embellished їkh, took a shy zap'yatovuvannyu, gave їm rhythmic zlogozhenіst. Axis one from butts: "Graki to fly"
Є genre and for the time I will enter into maturity. Typical genre of unfriendly youth - round dance.Yogo function is significant. As a dramatized action round dance for marching bandages with old rituals, and then becoming a favorite form of mass youth festivities. For a long time young people have been entrusted with a singing mission in earthmaking magic. They were spared, for example, in the form of round dances (a lot of little round dances in close old symbolism of cosmic forces: colo, spiral, wicked line ...) only for an hour. A round dance will be built into a classy school of spilkuvannya, how to go beyond the boundaries of the family, the school is going around in public. Here the culture of behavior, of a beautiful gesture, of a spіlny spіvu was vibrated. The girls in Christmas costumes demonstrated their philological majesty.
In the іgrovyh forms of the round dance, often merry, the juveniles reached the knowledge of the most important sides of life, I’ll arrange. The theme of the bet was not fervently enveloped in a socially-satirical illumination, the young were caught up in their condemnation to the indulgent sides of life: lini, piyatstva, a sloppy whore, hypocrisy of clergy, ... At the cich songs vidbuvalasya psychological training and until quietly difficult, as they checked young people in their lives.
The vykhovannya of the growing members of the community was included in the expansion with the rhythm of the pratsi and the holy, with the rhythm of the transitions. Children have been trained in the work of the life of the family. A little girl of seven or eight years became a nanny for her young brothers and sisters, and the axis was already won by herself - a vicon of coliski, little dogs, nursery rhymes ... them. Children took on a special fate in Bagatyokh rituals - they made fun of them, called out the spring. In the rituals of the Russian villages in the rituals, the sale of the mow is named brave the fate of the brother, yak bi young abo maliy vin not buv.
Children became a decline and a part of a vikov tradition, and also activated their preoccupation with life.
So, following the way of life of the community, the rich traditions, the specialness of the growing people was formed; Having filled up wines and special tips, without any of them, they would be unprofessional and unwilling.
Neo-rated musical and pedagogical celebrations of folklore material. We naspіvi folk songs popuzhuvalysya as natural manifestation of the psychophysical abilities of the people, their natural physiological abilities.
Everything is fair in relation to the childish folklore of all peoples. Besides, mov folk music With its self-made mode system, versatile types of rhythmic organization, children are perfectly prepared for the enjoyment of contemporary music. Axis most effective methods musical development children at all svіtі runtuyutsya on folk songs. Won in the simple and affordable child forms, the transfer of high values of art and national culture
1.4 Tribe and vivchennya child folklore
The selection of childish folklore has grown over the last few types of folk travel. Tilka in 1868 was published by the program of P.V. Sheyna, in the special distribution of the methodology of the questionnaire in the collection of childish folklore. With a stretch of two thirds of the 19th century, the half-heartedly overwhelmed tenth of the 19th century, haunted life The need to write down additional materials did not come to mind. Farther over to the inshomov culture and earthmovs led to the fact that it was known to visit the free trade of the honored in the dynasty.
At the same hour, wash away your life and let the helpers zoom in on the fallowness of the village middle; children of friends and noblemen passed on to see mothers, nannies and courtyards who knew their vikhovants in different forms of folklore. In the spogads of the young people, the images of the mentor, the disclosed deyaki, have forgotten the history, kazka, bilichki, legends. In his memoirs D.I. Fonvizin zgadu about those who loved the rumors of the songs and kazki of one of the courtyards. Biography of the Maybut ethnographer P.V. To celebrate Kirevskoy, his dignity passed in the help of a military village, "a popular folk journey." To navigate in the satirical magazines of the 18th century, one can create the following world: "Bagato fathers and mothers, if children do not sleep at night, punish them for good news."
The nastіlki rіznomanіtnі dzherela revenge as a revelation of the surroundings, so also the actual information about the mind and write down, some by-by-word and ritual aspects. However, they do not represent the method of recording texts, country houses I'll write down that yogo nose about the place.
One of the first time to pick and record the childish folklore of I.P. Sakharov. In "The Tale of the Russian People" (1837), he published the insights of the genres: a nursery rhyme, a Koliskov song, a description of the decile of childish igors. At the onset of the book - "Pisni to the Russian people" (1839), there were bullets over the hands of the chotiri koliskov pisni.
Before A.V. Tereshchenko "Pobut to the Russian people" (1848) also includes the texts of nursery rhymes ("Ladushki", "Magpies"), koliskovy pictures and descriptions of the mountains; before Russia, we brought parallels to the Ukrainian and Polish movs.
In her fortunes, "Notes and Respect for Siberia" (1837), the collector Ye.A. Avda for the first time, let the child's beggar lively, the texts of the game virok and the ritual race. Vaughn to produce the texts of Koliskovy songs and attachments that are felt by her in the child. “For the old hours, - write vaughn, - the nannies, no matter what, mother, or granny, they put the child down, they slept, or, more beautifully, they say, they suck development i welcome. Evidently, they have a dumb, no-nonsense, or even poetic, stink of imagining a simple old-fashioned beggar і as a special understanding about gloriously objects. They, like the Russian songs and the Kazakhs, most often develop a sense of being, which cannot be called a crafty innocent, not humor. Nowadays, in the most distant places of the capitals and great places of the world, you can feel this way. "
On the basis of E.A. Avdova vidan small collection of childish folk cossacks "Russian fairy tales, prompted for children by the nanny Avdotya Stepanivna Cherepieva" (1844), for the first time saw the cossack as an independent genre. The book by E.A. Avdєєvoi Bula is designated yak chitach, so it’s time, hto pratsyuvav with children. Vona also showed the pedagogical and methodical value of folklore materials in the form of texts, stylized folklore genres.
Unimportant to the author's interpretation, which was made to forgive the texts, E.A. Avdevoi materials for the first time represented the texts, recorded by a specific selection from an established individual. Nadal is similar to the practice of broadening and certification of the text of the text obov'yazkovoy.
U 1849 rotsi E.A. Avdєєva published in "Vіtchiznyih zapiski" to add texts of poezіya plekannya - koliskovyh, sayings, nursery rhymes. True, the position of the picker was suffering from one-sidedness and super-verboseness. So, Vona said that in the songs of mothers and nannies for children, “there’s a lot of pretense and poetry”, “nowadays, in all the capitals and great places of the world, you can almost like this”].
For robit E.A. Avdevoy is also characteristic of a deyake of miluvannya to the old beggar, but a sharp message about V.G. Bulinsky. In the vidguk about the book "Notes about the old and new Russian pobut" (1842) by V.G. Bolinsky meaning the publication of E.A. Avdєєvoi how to finish off "good-natured razpovіdі clever and well-read women", altogether without smacking in them any artistic value. The critic's thought sharply contrasted with the review by F.B., recalling that “the book is written easily, it is written alive”.
Clearly, the stage of picking up and celebrating a child's folklore insists on seeing texts from folklore P.V. Kirevsky. At zbіrniki pіsen, recorded by P.V. Kirєєvskoy, handled a number of texts of koliskovy dogs, which were given to him by V. Passek, of which one finn was transferred to the Russian transplanted translation. The presenters vvazhayut, but also from the publication of coliskovs, the science of childish folklore has sprung up.
A new stage in the selection and organization of childish folklore as an independent whole will be repaired with the help of V.I. Dahl (1801-1872). Since 1842, I’ve been fixing the rock, the presenter of the publication of the collection and additional texts in the new genres of folklore. Quite a few of them are borrowed from childish folklore. Introduced in the books of the text to complete the riznomanitnі in the genre plan; tse of kazki, inventory of іgor, children іsnі, nebilіchki, scummers, sending and orders. Besides, in V.I. Dahl to be guided by the rosspovidі from the Russian bobutu.
Zdijsnyuchi publikatsii stretching a number of rockies, V.I. Dal zmіg awaken the interest of readers to the folk pobut. Apparently, the book "Pictures from the Pobutu Russian Children" (1869). Before the release of "New Pictures from the Russian Pobutu for Children" (1875), even after Dahl's death, the Bully included materials that had been handled since 1870 in the children's magazine "Semeyni Vechori". The stench represented a rospe of the Russian pobut, a sign for reading in a voice.
In the main collection of books "Serving the Russian people" (1861) V.І. Then, including the creation of other genres, zokrem, squash, riddles, іgrovі viroki, sіchki, іchilki. Vin also tried to introduce folk terminology into the science of science, which was victorious with noses of texts: "Konana", "foal", "scramblers", "primovki".
A lot of changes in rural and prelude to the past are being promoted in the other half of the 19th century, as the suspense-political struggle became more acute, a new look at the establishment of folk masses and the problem of rural development. Development of the literary literature, the need for literate and educated people, the need for reorganization the initial process.
Zagalnyy interest to the folk school to produce to the utmost respect for childish folklore from the side of pedagogues, methodologists; there are promotional gifts, in which one of the warehouses includes childish folklore. Folklore is repaired with a kind of material, as well as a great artistic and pedagogical value, through some texts, ideas of nationality, patriotic vikhovannya are carried out.
Childish folklore is an organic part of the cola reading child. Yogo drukuyut in books, special views, books for reading.
In the other half of the 19th century, children's magazines ("Prolisok", "Zirochka", "Promeni", "Mayak") are being repaired;
The first scientific visions of a childish folklore are involved in the collection of P.V. Shein's "Russian folk songs" (1870). Childish folklore is introduced with a special section, which includes 122 texts. In the beginning of the century, there are almost 300 entries in the "Velikorus" library.
P.V. Shane became the first ethnographer-picker, who brutalized respect for childish folklore, pointing out the versatility of their species and seeing them in a special way, having taken over the basis of systematic education by ourselves. Having started organizing the selection of business in fifty years and prodding it practically until last days life, common records, otrimanі from іnіh zbirachіv.
P.V. Shane handled a handful of writings in the "Readings of the Association of History and Old Life, Russian at the Moscow University" (1859), instead of the stench they came out with the name "Russian People" (1870). In 1892 rotsi viyshov yogo golovny pratsyu "Great Russian in his songs, rituals, viruvannyah, kazkah, legends."
The main principle of P.V. Shane voted to play the childish folklore in a concrete setting. In additions to the book, Win was told about the publication and tried to explain the way of life of the children. The merit of Shayna Polyagaє, persh for everything, in the child's vision of folklore as a special science. Win proponuvav the classification of genres of childish folklore, as it was taken right up to the ear of the XX century. All the food is served in two groups. In Persha P.V. Shane has included songs for children of the period of childhood, koliskovy pictures and small pictures and attachments, which in turn add children to the first rock and life. To the other group, the presenter saw a picture, "like children who have gone out of a child's wake, they can also fix their own amusements and quietness." Vіn saw pictures, tied with the manifestations of nature, "hooks, like lads, one over one and over the grown-ups", mushroom daisies, іgry s rimovanny virokami, Konan (lichilki).
The supplement was given options for a song and a description of childish igors. To the skin of a childish folklore, there is a short note about the mind of your child.
Shane backed up for help for 300 picks, middle bully yak amatori , so і professionals (A.O.Bogdanovich, N.Ya. Nikiforovskiy і іn.).
Pedagogical and collecting interest, manifestations of childish folklore, with the accumulation of records. But it’s impossible to talk about whether it’s a scientific analysis of the selected material. For a friend, they chose to create, as they were given the pedagogical staff, the special predilections of the picker, tsikavi in the artistic, but not in the ethnographic plan. To this, the options and the thematic divisions of all the different specific genres were rarely seen.
In most cases, the recordings were made not in a bit-by-side setting, from specific noses, but from specific, from the village middle, sometimes according to memory. Material was given not depending on the motivation, changes were made from the side of the move, and from the side of the zmist.
A significant number of publications of childish folklore came to the attention of children according to their early age (in "Living Antiquity", "Ethnographic Oglyadi" 'Yatnykh zemstvos' books "," Pratsyakh provincial archival committees ").
In the 19th century, we can talk about those who are characterized by intensive accumulation of factual material. On the other hand, it is necessary to understand and first try this theoretical understanding. A companion in vivchenna child folklore dominated pedagogical interest, folklore peering into the vikhovny process.
Grizzlies and koliskovs stench appeared to be nybilsh vivchenims, the stench to be handled is practical in all sorts, to be looked at from different points of view. Immediately, we were ready to go to the classifications. However, the genre criterion is not expected to be grounded. To that, in the middle of the creation of childish folklore, it is possible to create texts from the most popular genres: history, fun and love. The versatility of the unifikatsiya began with the out-of-town science about folklore, the general theory of genres and the meaning of the childish folklore in folk culture.
Historically vivchennya to allow z'yasuvati, which is very stylish in folklore, how and how to change and how to change, as laws of action in this history and as officials cherish this development. Vono dopomagaє virіshuvati spіrnі nourishment, such as chimalo in science about folklore, for example about the camp of modern folklore. Suchasnyj folklore bezsumnіvno, pov'yazany Zi Old, ale the same hour gliboko vіdrіznyaєtsya od Demba, oskіlki narodna tvorchіst viprobuvala on sobі dіyu nayvazhlivіshih sotsіalno іstorichnih i-cultural chinnikіv (іdeyny vpliv Velikoї Zhovtnevoї sotsіalіstichnoї revolyutsії, dokorіnnі zmіni in sotsіalnіy strukturі suspіlstva, wide expansion for a friend, illumination, radio and cinema). It is possible to create a bright, modern folklore only by putting it in the line of historical development of all Russian folk art.
In the vivchenni history of folklore, there are great difficulties. The main reason for them is the fact that in a large number of food it is not possible to follow the diet, until what time is it that one of them should be in charge of their walks and what kind of way they walked and the snakes passed. The very history of folklore is very important. We have few old people recordings of folk poetry. Most of the old literature reports tell us about the references and historical transfers. Pisen records, including historical ones, are dated to the end of the 16th century - the ear of the 17th century, and the bilin records - until the other half of the 18th century. Few have left the history of folklore, as they have renewed their development.
Nareshty, in science about folklore є unprinted inconsequential illogical theories and hypotheses, judgments and assumptions. In addition, there is a solution to food about the historical timeliness of the options for the environment. It is impossible to wait for the time, for the most endings and the new version of the beginning is the most ancient, but, now, navpaki - what is the option, the time is the same for the first time.
Є і there are not many gracious sujen in science about folklore. So, for example, at the beginning of the appearance in the bilins of some survivals, surplus of the old times, mythological misinterpretations and elements of the unseen to us and only the original first one, we should be given a copy of the early genre of the early genre of the genius
Chapter 2. Classification of child folklore
The problem of the classification of childish folklore is looked at in two aspects - the value between the understanding itself and the vision of systems and genres and genre images. Kozhen s fakhivtsіv, scho pratsyuyut with childish folklore, seemingly to stand in front of him as admirers. When vivchenna child folklore, the interests of folklore, ethnography, ethnopedagogy, vikov psychology are crossed, so that the transmission of the power of victoriousness in robotic methods of presentation is crossed. Tim is not mensh, until the genesis of the genres of childish folklore, poetry, the conceptualized principles of classical texts.
The summary of the classification should be clarified and that there is no single terminology. Koliskov's pictures were not often called "bikes", the little ones were called "counters", "Konan". The presenters cited the names given by these persons, from which boules of broken records. Non-values are invested in the very terms. The understanding of "attachments", "attachments", "viroki" in small robots is not the same. O.I. Kapitsa wrote for the first time about those who, in the visions and scientific preliminaries, are creeping up in style and one-of-a-kind terminology, which are related to the name of the given kind of childish folklore, which appears when recording.
First try to date the classification of the childish folklore boules zroblenі tіlki on the cob XX century in pratsy G.S. Vinogradova and O.I. Capits.
Razvivayuchi proponated to P.A. We are unconscious in the classification of childish folklore in the fallowness of children, O.I. The capital of the two groups of texts is unique. Until the first time, it is necessary to grow up to grow up, to take care of and move children from the people up to 5-6 years. Rise and comprehend by them, create and comprehend as children. Before another group, the children themselves were seen from 5 to 15 years. Alle all create in one tsile - childish folklore. A happy glimpse also needs to be seen in the childish folklore of the age-old poezi, intended for children, persh for all the plekannya voyages (koliskovy pisen, pestushki, primovoks, annoying kazoks).
O.I. The capital of vvazhaє, which in the fallowness is for quiet purposes, such as to put a prelude, the classification of childish folklore can be broken down in different razrіza: according to groups, over the past seasons, according to the data of the records, according to the prizewinner.
Ї with nursery rhymes for the little ones and pictures, as it is included in the repertoire of children, it’s not a matter of self-play, it’s not a pity. Children will rest in memory of those, who will be able to take advantage of their energy and interests, in addition, similar processes are promoted from generation to generation.
To another group of creators, they can create texts, which are meant for the middle of children, if the stench is already self-indulgent. Itself, until the last day, I am aware that I am not in my own order with sufficient material for a greater detailed view of all groups. Everyday old people see different groups of children, some of the genres of rich genres hanging out in the middle with a larger vykovym interval.
The first criterion for seeing the childish folklore O.I. Capіtsa vvazhaє yogo priznachennya. Vona name koliskov pisnі, poezіyu plykannya ("Pestushko"), іgroviy folklore, potіshki, primovki, calendar folklore, dredges, riddles, zavdannya, food, zavazhennya (type of sound іgor), winners, kazki ), children іgri, viroki.
O.I. The capital of the theoretically primed was paralleled by the childish folklore behind the group of children, proponated in the robot by P.A. Bessonova. Vona vrahovuvala not only in the nose of childish folklore, but the first time.
The genetic principle will be followed by V.P. Anikin. There are three groups of creations: the journey of the grown-ups for children; In the middle of them there is a glimpse of the genre and the imagination.
V.A. Vasilenko, I propounded the functional principle of classification, I see groups of texts for the manifestation of game elements in them:
) Koliskov_ pisn_, or bikes;
) Create, tied with game diy;
) Create, as you occupy the children with the verbal wickedness and vikonuyutsya indefinitely from the games.
Obviously, the ear can be seen in all genres of childish folklore. As the genre is not tied to the child's play, the game is based on the sense, understanding, words, sound.
However, the childish folklore for games and non-games does not come close to us to the intelligent folding systems and genres. The system, which is the best one last seen by V.P. Anikin, exactly depicts the multi-composition and genesis of childish folklore. It is not a question of the truth of the vision in the childish folklore of the poezia of the plectrum (koliskovy pisnі, pestushka, little pots, primes), annoying kazoks, by creators and noses that are in the middle of nowhere. Obviously, the childish poetic repertoire of the creations that were grown up in the childish repertoire are more than childish creativity. Ale vona can not be the basis of the robotic classifications, so as a rich genre of child folklore, from the third group to the third group - vigorous creativity of children (children, drawing lots of lots, drazhilki, podzhki, wake-ups, yapping) From folklore grown up abo literary.
Classification M.N. Melnikova gave it up. Vaughn spiral on the guard of G.S. Vinogradova, Aleksandr I. Capits. Readable reports. Due to the nature and character of the teachings, I see the main group of childish folklore. On the basis of the spirituality of the poet, the musical harmony and the viciousness in the function of all the middle skin groups, the self-styled genre is seen. In koliskovі period children can only hear and lie down more and more. Mothers, grandmothers, nannies shot for them travel plekannya(Mother's trip).
For children of the senior age, the signs of game folklore. Yogo see practically all modern witnesses, albeit skinny from them, the mind of them in their own way. G.A. Bartashevich brought to new tricks, games and viroki. V.A. Vasilenko gave them Pestushko and quiet. All the genres of childish folklore, including koliskov songs, are known as "poetry of verbal igors". Children іgri wіn look at the shape, which is before the childish folk drama.
G.S. Vinogradov bring all kinds of child role-playing igors and "games preludes" to play folklore. Tsim terminom is a glimpse of lichilka, drawing of lots, viroki. Vin vvazhaє, but the verbal component “you can't grasp the pose of a dramatic gri, a component of such a stench є”.
Before the inshoї group of texts by G.S. Vinogradov introduces quiet folklore. Yogo priznachennya - development, entertainment, quieten yourself and your comrades. The new one includes "fun, not tied to a dramatic play", and the basis of the game is laid in words and additional acts (nychki, golosyanka) or only in words (verbal іgri, inverted, smoothies, moving girls).
Non-game folklore is dividing into three groups: satirical lyric poetry, calendar and by-beat folklore. The skin group included a number of genres. Before calendar folklore, children were staged rituals of songs, calls and viroki; to satirical lyrics - drazhniks, underwear; to the side-by-side folklore - children of Kazki, songs, riddles, horror stories.
O.I. The capitulation meant that the vision of a childish bybotted folklore is not rightful, a reflection of all genres "by the best rank tied with a childbout." Tilki poeziya plekannya with the dominant vikhovnoy function "to be introduced" into the pobut children grow up. The genre of game, or rather quiet folklore, is naturally united by its own functions, according to the visibility. At the same time, the skin genre has its own function, its own poetics, priyomi vikonannya. For the form of one genre, it is possible to signify both verbally-movnі, іnshі - like rozpovіdni, the third - like pisennі. Remaining two groups, for a given term, docily incorporate into the group of folklore by-side. Apparently, M.N. Melnikov, and a lot of happy past.
The designation of groups of childish folklore for the signs and character of popping - depriving the Persha Lanka of the classification, as a transfer of the vision of all the middle skin groups for the familiarity of the unity of poetry, the musical harmony, the manner of evocation of the genre The proponation of the classification is far from complete, but it can only be seen in the quality of work. Vona has been last implemented in the structure of this book.
O.I. The capital meant that the childish folklore is the "arsenal and soil" of the Russian childish literature, to live continuously and to the backbone. The creativity of a skin writer, like writing for children, is clearly linked to childish folklore, the mastery of the accumulated in the new media. Have their own devil, childish writers to play the funky into the childish sleepy-poetical repertoire. At the newest, there is a sense of remission of creations, especially of small forms, and of professional literators. As a result, the expansion of the genres of childish folklore will be seen. However, the analysis of the poetics of horror stories, excuses, sadistic verses, okremikh forms school folklore I will show that all the stinks are childlike analogues of quiet genres of folklore grown up.
The problem of folklore studies of Russian childish literature is of great theoretical and practical significance, merit of great and universal education.
2.1 Childish igrovy folklore
childish folklore іgroviy genre
In connection with the special features and the nature of spending an hour in the camp in the weary, іonіchny creativity of children of the loan іgroviy folklore. Grass is especially important, vinyatkov is significant in the life of children. The presenter of the children igor V. F. Kudryavtsev wrote: “If gras are old enough for the principle of their own tolerance, then for children it’s already natural, but in childish necessary. For the grown-ups, the gras are very busy, and for the child, the gras are seriously busy, to the extent that I am stuck with my weak strength; for a new gra - a good man is feasible. " Itself through the load of richness in which to take off the navkolishn_y light. Gra for children - a respectful way of learning and knowledge. Children have invented even more richly popular igors. ED Pokrovskiy in the book "Children of the Igry, Perevazhno Rosіyani" (1878) gave a lecture describing 500 children of the Igors. Name ігор і їх form tightly tied with a village bobot. For example: "Kin", "Cow", "Goat", "Komar", "Bjoli", "Chickens", "Kachenya", "Tin", "Stodola", "Kosi Gorodi", "Beetle", "Yastrub i pigeons "," Geese and swans "," Vovki and vivtsi "etc. A number of children igors have a lot of work experience. So, for example, in the games "Rіpka", "Redka" and "Chrіn" the image of the named vegetables is displayed, in the group "Millet" they show with their hands, like millet sat, water, mow and dry. At group "Mislivtsi" there is a love of wild animals and T. P.
Bagato children іgri does not include any folklore. However, there are a few such іgors, in which folklore create an organic and inadvertent component. In the first place, children are the first to act as creators of folklore. Naybіlsh wider genres, in which the creation of the game childish folk art is set, є drawing of lots, little children and pictures.
The drawing of a dressing is a whole lot of short rimovans (there are some rows in the doors), which can be repaired, if it is necessary to play on two parties. The stench of supravodzhuyut such children іgri, yak "Khovanki", "Salki", "Lapta", "Mistechka" and in. The simplest form of foal is stored from feeding to * "queens" (leading). Two lads, moving to the side, are homeless, but one of them will be called a black horse, and the other will be a golden drum. Then, go to the queens, shout the stench:
"Queens, whom you need:
black horse
Or the drum of gold? "
One of the queens vibrates the "black horse", and іnsha - the "golden drum". If you want to go to the queens, go for a couple of gays and, for example, feed:
"Bulk outside yabluchko
Ali gold? "
Then the third pair, the fourth pair, etc., go to the queens with the riddles. And this is how all gravitas go to two parties.
The foal is slowed down in shape, in yak nourishment, up to the queens, before the front is a small descriptive-descriptive picture. for example:
“Throw a crow, overshadowed by the mountain.
Yakogo horse: gray or golden mane? "
These and the images of the foal are more amazed by the bespoke environment, in which the village children lived. The art of miniatures did not represent great difficulties for children. The foals were easy to open with them and to the satisfaction.
Especially great development in the game childish folklore has taken the genre of tricks. Lichilochka - tse also rimovanі vіrsh, ale trochais more for its sizes, nіzh colt. Tracks may be 6, 8, 10 and more rows. For the help of others, the participants of the Gris (name and name) are pererakhoyuyutsya, visas start their roles, for example, the participation in the group. The words “rakhunka” are often used at the end of the day. The axis of the butt of the lichilka: “The first giving, the one who took, Three forces - All of them. Who loves gadati? Write in Turkish? "Ale the little bit is not only forwarded to practical goals (I will set the charginess for the grave); She may have some good news. For example, some of the gravitas, poking around with the hand of the lads, vimovlya: “One, two, three, chotiri, There lived midges in the apartment, Before them, Khrestovik himself was happy, the great Pavuk. Five, sixty, seven, visim, Pavuk, we ask: "Ty, nazhera, don't go", Come on, Mashenka, drive! "Whoever got the word" Lead "is a leading one. Vіdminnoyu special іchilka є victorious so-called "zoosumіly movi". Tse, persh for everything to expand on numbers. Zvyazyk z tsim V.P. Anikin writes: “Become accustomed to the form of rakhunka in lichilki, mimovolі pіchaєsh, shо vidozmіna verbal form numіvnikіv-zagalnі rule for lіchilki: time -azi, anzi, knapsack, rose, razin, etc.; two-two, two, two, two, etc.; first-born - first-born, first-born, first-born; other, іnshiy - other, friend, friend. " In sportive forms, there are not only numbers, but the first part of the move. The peculiarities of the zealous move must be bred until the new age is found, until the taboo rakhunku (the fence is pererakhovuvati, the number is determined). They dreamed of the old times about those who, if the mister perakhovuє beat the game, then you will not be lucky in the coming love; if the lord pererahu chicken eggs, then hen stop to carry, etc. To that, we will straight rakhunok be replaced by clearer, special words - by їkh vygadanimi deputies. The genetic link of the zealous move of the chicks from the ancient zvichaєm (taboo in rakhunka) is insane. However, in the pictures, like boules recorded by folklorists in the XIX-XX centuries, Zaumna mova does not depict the child's presence, but the pragmatism is amused by a lot of words.
The word in the bagatokh is not the style of the singing sense, but rather the necessary rhythmic oddity and rhyme. Lichilochka can be a simple set not to miss any sense and that quiet words. for example:
Eni, beni, Eve, shtevu,
Decks, packs, Kushtanev,
Shore, Batori, Gam, palyam
Shoes, vik, Babar.
Before us is a grave word, dynamic rhythmic and sound repetitions. For that, as all gravitas appear after the help of the foal, or the foals are rocked in pairs or roles, the gravity itself must be repaired. A. I. Nikiforov in the article "The People's Child of the Dramatic Genre" rightly implies that there are a lot of tales about creatures, vicarious children, and the drama and theatrical performance. In a still larger world, the price is introduced to childish igors, which are rich in small theatrical vistavs. For the butt, let's describe the "Radish" gray.
“Before the mother to the colony of the child, to the third, the third and so far. The leader, or the leader, go and even: "Knock, knock, beat!" - "Who the hell is attracted to?" - "The gentleman has fallen into the oven, they will crush the crush, they want to cut it." - "Smack, smack, that is not the root!" The Veducha starts to draw from the place to sit the little girl and, having put her on her feet, she knows how to sit down on every place, and I myself know to the naughty ones. - "Knock, knock, beat!" - I know how to start knocking. - "Who the hell is attracted to?" - "Barina vchadila, richly tsukru has eaten, she is sick, a little bit hot .." I know smikє i, if there is one root, that is, one uterus, then all gravts take their part in the group. First for everything, the uterus is pulled together from the mice, then we can plant the club on the dovga, as all the gravels are carried with the dull smiles and whigs: “The roots are smacked! The uterus cannot be carried! »Stretching out a dagger of fats, lower it to the ground. Tsim gra і kіnchaєtsya »Before us is not so much, like a child and play drama. The town was brought to the city of Nagadu, beloved by the children, the Kazochka "Rіpka". However, її heroes іnshi. It’s all natural: in a child’s family, a granddaughter, a woman, a granddaughter, a cat, a bear and a bug cannot take over.
Yak and in kazkas for children, in children igra-vistavas, they often get used to children. Х mіsce in the group and composition of the function of development. Pointingly, the butt of a pisenka, yak vikonutsya in the group "Gorilki". Gravtsi stays at the bet one by one. And in front of the syuït "scorching" and recitatively vimovlyaє the little picture, which I respect to praise the pragmatic:
“Burn, burn clearly,
The schob did not go out,
Look at the sky
the stars are on
Cranes scream.
Sty Podol,
Marvel at the field
Blow surmachi there,
There will be kalachi
Gu, gu, gu, flow in. "
For such a pet to take part in a group, it is unimportant to marvel at something in the field, but at the sky. And at the end of the hour, "scorching" shvidko viguku: "One, two, three-ni crows. Bizhi yak vogon! "Zabarivya catching, and the wine becomes" scorching ". I will continue to progress.
At the pointed butt, the little dog will be able to sing solo. At a large number of vipadks and games, the little ones will sing in chorus, before the hour they will dance in a round dance. Tse mi bachimo, for example, in the games "Lion", "Zaychenya", "Korshun" and in. One little pig is sleeping for children, if it stinks at the stake (in the games "Drake and pitching" and "Tin"), or to sit (in the group "Smoking room"). Іgrovі pisenki to complete the developmental genre. Among the others, the old-timers see the Golosyanka, the Movchan, the Pisenka of the Kazak Zmistu and in. Wash the gris into the golosyanka. “Let's lads, pull the golosyanka. Who is not a vityagne - that for hairs p --- b --- a --- a --- a --- t --- b! Having pinned the first ones to "pull the golosyanka", they will be called to the punishment. Movchanki vikonuyutsya pislya guchnykh іgor, for the sake of repair. Hopefully, in a fast-paced one, the Movchan is widened:
"Kishka is dead,
Hvist blaze,
Who to promote?
That і z'ist .......
Movchanka resigned?
Doors on the slider! ..
Doors on the slider! ..
Some gestures and grimaces wriggle rosmіshiti grimace. They laughed merrily and inveterately over the tim, who perchim the motivation.
2.2 Out-of-game children's folklore
Folklore of different genres for children, they live and pose in a groove, in pobut. Ale і in cich vipadkakh vіn it is also not uncommon to have the character of fun and excitement. Tsikavi materials and guardianship for the out-of-play childish folklore of the boule are given in the book by A. Mozharovsky "On the life of rural children of the Kazan province" (1882).
In out-of-game childish folklore, Bachimo is not only seen by us earlier than genres (adornments, pisenki and in.), A and deyaki novi (guests, girls, sweaters, squashers, etc.). Put it on. The axis of the attachment, which is used by the girls for bathing:
Olya, Olya, pomiti cups.
Wily water,
give horses to drink
On an oak deck.
And the axis of the attachment, how to be seen in children, if the stench knows a ravlik:
Julitta, Julitta,
Hang the horns!
I'll give you a cake.
One child was added with adornments - small razpovіdіvі in vіrsovanіy formі. Guided by a bait about a goat, at the booth that lit up:
Don, don, don!
The goat booth lit up.
The goat scrambled
Eyes of vitriol,
I let the child,
Has run up to the shred,
I sniffed the tyutyun,
Has run up to the oak
І let's beat the club,
The dog gripped the comoru,
So in the tail and flowed in.
Hata came to the man,
There dizha babu misinterpret.
A special type of attachments is used to store an inversion i. Pisenki are called inverts, in which there are lines and rings between objects and appearances they appear inverted. There are about those, for example,
it’s not a man who’s in the middle of a village, but a village’s where a man’s middle, not a man in the face of a peasant’s face, face of a peasant’s face, etc.
Liko a peasant for cutting,
Їkhala village Sered peasant,
Lo and behold, dogs bark at the gate,
The gates are strings, the dog is new.
A man grabbed a dog.
The inverted children appear to be healthy until they are awake, healthy, happy and quiet. I'm going to the forest. Listener: 1st I. I chop down a tree. Listener: 1st I. I am a deck.
Childish out-of-game folklore of permeations with merry, hotties and dotep. Pointing to the child of the host - a pasta. Listener: 1st I. I suppress pigs. Listener: 1st I. The stench will be. Listener: 1st I.
Among children, widening and widening of the price was widespread. Ale on them nіkhto not obrazhavshis, so yak mayzhe kozen z lads mav his prizvisko. A quick note to the boy Petya and the little girl Paraska:
Petka-pivn,
On the face of rotten.
Pashka-komashka,
Pig kalabashki.
With a special genre of the childish pose, we play folklore, so called underwear, like children, they pushed one of one. Hoverly two jackets:
Say "sokiru"
Your father is a villain.
Say "To the bath vine".
On a vine.
Your mother goat.
Even more widespread in the out-of-game child folklore, so called drazhniks were called. Teasers, as a rule, call the name "quiet," Axle butt of such drazhnilok:
Yuras conned
Kishtsi nizhku pidkuvav,
having gone to get married
Having tied the coritse.
Koritze to chat,
The squad will laugh.
Ivan bazikati,
Bazikav milk -
Chi does not vibrate
And all visorbav.
The squad baked a donut,
Youmu gave it a shot.
Let us fall in love with the genre of out-of-game childish folklore є the mongrel. Skoromovki - a twist, prompted by the sound of the sound, to speed up the speed and readiness of words. The grave in vimov, which is not a word, winked out the smith of the chill out. Guided by the scramblers, recorded from children. “Wired kovpak, lucky kovpak, that is not in Kolpakov's style”; "Pig Tuporila, she overwhelmed the whole yard"; "Stand a copy with a podprikopenochkom." In some of the marshals, they are big, they can be prompted in a dialogue form. for example:
Roskazhіt about purchases.
About yaki about shopping?
About purchases, about purchases,
About my shopping.
At the end, you can say that sleepy-poetical creativity children grow up to be a great genre novelty.
visnovok
A native culture, like a father and mother, is to blame for the fact that not a lot of the soul of a child, on the cob, is a source of specialness.
It has infected us in a step-by-step way to turn the national memory, and to put it in a new way before the old saints, folklore, in which people have surpassed the best of their cultural achievements.
Childish folklore, inclinations among grown-ups. We were zupinilis on the genres of folklore, the creations of which, were created, and were victorious by the children themselves. As it has already begun, it’s completely childish folklore (both games and out-of-play), it is quite common to see folklore grown up as for its snake and artistic form, and for the minds of the funnels and vicissitudes.
At the same time, it is said that the poetical creativity of children is not isolated from the poetical creativity of the grown-ups, by the testimonies of a child from the best rock. To look at the sounds of childish folklore with folklore, the grown-ups will become attached to the article by E.S.Litvin "Before food about childish folklore"
Do you justly create a childish folklore, suspicious of children among grown-ups? It’s absolutely fair. In perche, create, live the middle of children, vikonuyu function of childish folklore. The stench, as a rule, is vikonuyutsya for fun, not an organic component of this chi іnshoi childish gri.
In a different way, tsі creatively transform and transform themselves according to the peculiarities of child psychology, poetic creativity of children. So, it is meant by prelude people that the song is round-about, in which the "drake" and the "duckling" are symbols of the named and named, children are recognized as the name of the bird, literally, birds are called roses. Children in the group will have trouble. The little girl is a lyrical ditty, from the middle of children, to transform into an extravagant little child. I, nareshti, in tertiary, in genres, prepossessing as grown-ups, children did not often create new folklore.
List of vikoristanikh dzherel
1. Azbel S.N. The main understanding of textual studies in the history of folklore material // Principles of textological education in folklore / Vidp. ed. B.M. Putilov. - M., 1991.
Akimova T.M. About the poetical nature of the folk lyrical songs. - Saratov, 1966.
Anikin V.N. Russian folk prizliv'ya, orders, riddles that childish folklore: A book for a teacher. - M., 1977.
Anikin V.P. Russian folklore: Textbook. checklist for universities. - M., 1987.
Anikin V.P. Theory of folklore: Course of lectures. - M., 1996.
Anikin V.P. Usna folk creativity. Reader. - M., 2006.
Anikin V.P. Folklore as a philological discipline // Methodological problems of philological sciences: Zb. sciences. good. - M., 1987.
Arzamastseva I.M. Child Literature: Navch. Posibnik for students whish. and the middle. ped. navch. mortgages - M .: Academy, 2000.
Bєlov V.I. Narisi about folk aesthetics. - M., 1989.
Bogatirov P.G. Folklore yak is a special form of creativity // Bogatirov P.G. nutrition theory folk art: Zb. Art. - M., 1971.
Vasilenko V.A. Childish folklore. - M .: Vischa school, 1978.
Vinogradov G.S. Childish folklore / Publ. A.N. Martin's // History of Russian folklore / Vidp. ed. A.A. Gorulov. - L., 1978.
Vinogradov G.S. Narodna pedagogika... Irkutsk, 1996.
Vinogradov G.S. Russian childish folklore. Іgrovі preludes. - Irkutsk, 1990 ..
Gorky M. About Literature. - M., 1961.
Childish poetic folklore: Anthology / Order. A.N. Martinov. - SPb, 1997 ..
Єmelyanov L.I. At the jokes of the subject of vivchennya // Єmelyanov L.I. methodology of nutrition folklore studies. - L., 1978.
Kapitsa O.I. Children's folklore: Pisnі, potіshki, drazhniki, kazki, іgri. - L., 1928.
Kravtsov N.I., Lazutin S.G. Russian folk creativity is asleep. - M., 1989.
Litvin E.S. Until food about childish folklore. - M., 1988.
Melnikov M.M. Childish folklore and problems of folk pedagogy. - Novosibirsk, 1985.
Melnikov M.M. Russian children's folklore: Textbook. posib. for stud. ped. in-tv. - M., 1987.
Methodical instructions on zbirannyu folklore. - M., 2004.
E.V. Pomerantseva Pick up folklore. - In the book: Pomerantseva E.V. About Russian folklore. - M., 1977.
One, two, three, chotiri, n'yat, my demo with you grati: Russian child іgroviy folklore: A book for teachers і uchnіv / Order. M.Yu. Novitska, G.M. Naumenko. - M., 1995.
Savushkina N.I. About selected folklore. - M., 1974.
Sokolov Yu.M. Russian childish folklore. - M., 1991.
folklore in to the lucky day: Aspects of the paths of the message. - M., 2001 ..
Chistov K.V. Introduced // Russian folk creativity: Textbook. A guide for universities / Pid ed. P.G. Bogatirova. - M., 1966.
Chicherov V.I. Russian folk creativity: Textbook. posibnik. - M., 1989.
supplement
1. Knocking, driving on the street:
Thomas ide on the curt,
Timoshka on kishtsi
Here you go along the road.
Kudi, Thomas, yedesh,
Kudi poganyash?
Sino mow.
What are you talking about?
Corin godvati.
Is there a cow for you?
Milk.
What is milk for you?
Children to sing.
Gra granny with onuk. Slightly take care of nіs and power up:
Who was it?
Copy.
Having bought it?
Sweetie.
Z kim z'iv?
Yakshho onuk did not say “for you,” but saying “one z'iv”, the granny smacked yo for nis, like bi in punishment for those who didn’t agree with the others. ...
At an intricate settlement,
On Ivanovy mountains,
Rastabar_vali birds
Anyone, any non-reference:
Fool about Emelya,
About the humpback's conic.
About the witch-dancer,
About a snotty goat.
Oh, miracles happened:
Pig on the side
Vivela egg in dough,
Visidila іndichka,
Three egg Parsley.
Parsley and Filya
We caught sonya with kovpaks,
Mlintsy and pancakes
The hut was caulked;
They cooked porridge in a shovel,
They carried water in the sieve ...
Graki fly. Children flock to a colo, one of them to go to the middle and sleep:
Graki to fly, to surmount the whole of Russia:
Gu-gu-gu mi is unavoidable in the spring.
Vіn pіdnіmaє hands up, showing off, like flying graki.
Fly, fly! - screaming children and giving hands.
Cranes fly
To shout to the whole of Russia:
Gu-gu-gu -
Chi do not tell us to anyone
Fly, fly! .. - repeat everything.
Piglets fly
Smugasti squeal:
Oink oink oink -
We got it in hlivi.
Fly, le ...! - have mercy on children and hands.
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Childish folklore- a very specific area of folk creativity, which is a common light of children and light of grown-ups, which includes a system of musical and poetic genres of folklore.
Koliskova Pisnya designated child, spіvaє її mother. Prizpatiennya koliskovyh pisen pispati, pispati baby. The creators of koliskovyh dogs are important to mothers and grandmothers, and everyone who cares for them, who cares for children. For children, as if to lie in a circle, the words are not sensible, ale niznist, is put into the melody and the words awaken their soul and heart, as if the soil is ready, opening up friendly minds for the more wicked injections. Koliskova's song is the greatest conquest of folk pedagogy, it’s not very difficult to learn from the practice of children’s mind in that very low life, if the child’s still a lot of timelessness, like the need for a constant, simple loveless respect, love
To merit the respect є Pestushko and quiet. They have a growing child with a whole loan of respect for the grown-up. Pestushki renounced their name from the word pestiti - nyanchiti, to carry on their hands. Tse short reshuffle, like suprazhuyut the child's ruff during plekanny.
little dogs- create, for the supervisor of the physical, the right and the hygienic procedures that are necessary for non-majesty. Rhythmic, joyful viroki, goodness with stroking for the child (sluggishness while sleeping), badiori or smooth ruffs of handles and nizhok (harrier plyve, owl to fly), delivered satisfyingly and developed as well.
Have nursery rhymes- the first games grown up with little children - poetic create to get along with the simplest plot, in which characters there are fingers, pens, little ones, the hands of the one who amused them (Ladushki, Soroka-crow, Horny goat, little boy).
attachments- Pisenki, or maybe more of a foldable zmistu, like grown-ups, they added children (they are called "fun", "Fun"). From the nursery rhymes, the stench is seen by the team, but not tied to the game, but to screw up the respect of the child with a poetic way. Behind the zest of attachment are small kazochki in the verses with a great number of cyclical children of anthropomorphic characters.
Vlasne childish folklore includes a collection of genre ob'єdnan. calendar ob'єdnuє calls and hooks, Scho vplyuyut into nature. Іgrovі genres store the most value for a number of creations, versatility, types and forms of a part of childish folklore. Іgrovі adapt and attachments for their plots, go to the old times, imaging the old times of the rituals of the name. Traditions children іgri bouly tied closely to the lives of the villagers, іtuvali love, sowing and processing a lion, wedding ceremonies and іn.
Otrostvo - the period of childhood, the most abundant folklore. In the midst of the children of the adult age, the most wider fun, the hottest children: the people of the important minds of life won over the children in the midst of their thoughts, thinking of the trimmings given to them because of the huge hard times and all of society However, it doesn’t mean that in the repertoire of people who fought for freedom and who fought with a serious snake humanity... In the bagatech of the children’s songs, the skills, the smartness, the courage, the fun, etc.
Pidlіtkіv have their own journey. tse - foal, skimmers, foals, skaters in numerical varieties. The trainee has strict adherence to the sound and rhythm, the artistic function is the very same in the natural rhythm, for those who are characterized by liveliness and barvism. When the children are victorious, they decorate them, be it the simplest melody, and for an hour they simply play the melody of the childish song. In the cich genres, the creative imagination of children was especially manifested, who often wanted to create something for her, and grew up.
Children are not quick to reprimand teasers and chumarkas... The tse is a free form of childish satire, in which there is a crook, or a picky child who does not comply with the rules of the gree. Smell to the psychologic hart of a child, additionally helping you to know your own place in the middle of one-story behind the help of a viprobuvannya we welcome (for a childish glance) with a word. teaser- seduction of mature genre, which also includes a note, nicknames, adjectives. Zm_st drazhnilok mayzhe start smіshne. In the wilds of the drazhniks, any element of it was formed by the simplest melody, so that the character of the boule was close to hot songs. Deyaky drazhniks condemn negative qualities and appearances: crying, sneering, dishonesty, villainy (Yabeda-Koryabeda, salted ogirok). Dytina, I’m able to stand up for myself, know and see the crooks, I’m thinking: “check out the tsili rik, all one tee is a hippopotamus;
underwear- also a kind of satirical childish folklore. The stench is a dialogue, in which people can be caught in words (Say Med! - Med. - Thy Father Wise).
The current child is asleep culture is increasingly coming to the bottom of the culture of the grown-ups, the type is changing between the two forms of culture. To see a reorientation on the other folk genres of grown-ups - a part, anecdote, pictures, as well as on creation, set by professional authors.
Children grow quickly. Doroslishayuchi, they forget the childish folklore so, as they did not get into their life. New generation of children come at the same place. And childish folklore is alive and well, inodi - just as long as it is. The spirit of tradition is divoviznaya, and even children and children in a funky suspension pass on their culture in an old-fashioned way - "from mouth to mouth", "robi, yak".
In connection with the special features and the nature of spending an hour in the camp in the weary, іonіchny creativity of children of the loan іgroviy folklore. Grass is especially important, vinyatkov is significant in the life of children. VF Kudryavtsev, the presenter of the childish igor, wrote: “If gras are old enough for the principle of their own tolerance, then for children it is as natural as it is in a child's life. For the grown-ups, the gras are very busy, and for the child, the gras are seriously busy, to the extent that I am stuck with my weak strength; for a new gra - a good man is feasible. " Itself through the load of richness in which to take off the navkolishn_y light. Gra for children - a respectful way of learning and knowledge. Children have invented even more richly popular igors. ED Pokrovskiy in the book "Children of the Igry, Perevazhno Rosіyani" (1878) gave a lecture describing 500 children of the Igors. Name ігор і їх form tightly tied with a village bobot. For example: "Kin", "Cow", "Goat", "Komar", "Bjoli", "Chickens", "Kachenya", "Tin", "Stodola", "Kosi Gorodi", "Beetle", "Yastrub i pigeons "," Geese and swans "," Vovki and vivtsi "etc. A number of children igors have a lot of work experience. So, for example, in the games "Rіpka", "Redka" and "Chrіn" the image of the named vegetables is displayed, in the group "Millet" they show with their hands, like millet sat, water, mow and dry. At group "Mislivtsi" there is a love of wild animals and T. P.
Bagato children іgri does not include any folklore. However, there are a few such іgors, in which folklore create an organic and inadvertent component. In the first place, children are the first to act as creators of folklore. Naybіlsh wider genres, in which the creation of the game childish folk art is set, є drawing of lots, little children and pictures.
The drawing of a dressing is a whole lot of short rimovans (there are some rows in the doors), which can be repaired, if it is necessary to play on two parties. The stench of supravodzhuyut such children іgri, yak "Khovanki", "Salki", "Lapta", "Mistechka" and in. The simplest form of foal is stored from feeding to * "queens" (leading). Two lads, moving to the side, are homeless, but one of them will be called a black horse, and the other will be a golden drum. Then, go to the queens, shout the stench:
"Queens, whom you need:
black horse
Or the drum of gold? "
One of the queens vibrates the "black horse", and іnsha - the "golden drum". If you want to go to the queens, go for a couple of gays and, for example, feed:
"Bulk outside yabluchko
Ali gold? "
Then the third pair, the fourth pair, etc., go to the queens with the riddles. And this is how all gravitas go to two parties.
The foal is slowed down in shape, in yak nourishment, up to the queens, before the front is a small descriptive-descriptive picture. for example:
“Throw a crow, overshadowed by the mountain.
Yakogo horse: gray or golden mane? "
These and the images of the foal are more amazed by the bespoke environment, in which the village children lived. The art of miniatures did not represent great difficulties for children. The foals were easy to open with them and to the satisfaction.
Especially great development in the game childish folklore has taken the genre of tricks. Lichilochka - tse also rimovanі vіrsh, ale trochais more for its sizes, nіzh colt. Tracks may be 6, 8, 10 and more rows. For the help of others, the participants of the Gris (name and name) are pererakhoyuyutsya, visas start their roles, for example, the participation in the group. The words “rakhunka” are often used at the end of the day. The axis of the butt of the lichilka: “The first giving, the one who took, Three forces - All of them. Who loves gadati? Write in Turkish? "Ale the little bit is not only forwarded to practical goals (I will set the charginess for the grave); She may have some good news. For example, some of the gravitas, poking around with the hand of the lads, vimovlya: “One, two, three, chotiri, There lived midges in the apartment, Before them, Khrestovik himself was happy, the great Pavuk. Five, sixty, seven, visim, Pavuk, we ask: "Ty, nazhera, don't go", Come on, Mashenka, drive! "Whoever got the word" Lead "is a leading one. Vіdminnoyu special іchilka є victorious so-called "zoosumіly movi". Tse, persh for everything to expand on numbers. Zvyazyk z tsim V.P. Anikin writes: “Become accustomed to the form of rakhunka in lichilki, mimovolі pіchaєsh, shо vidozmіna verbal form numіvnikіv-zagalnі rule for lіchilki: time -azi, anzi, knapsack, rose, razin, etc.; two-two, two, two, two, etc.; first-born - first-born, first-born, first-born; other, іnshiy - other, friend, friend. " In sportive forms, there are not only numbers, but the first part of the move. The peculiarities of the zealous move must be bred until the new age is found, until the taboo rakhunku (the fence is pererakhovuvati, the number is determined). They dreamed of the old times about those who, if the mister perakhovuє beat the game, then you will not be lucky in the coming love; if the lord pererahu chicken eggs, then hen stop to carry, etc. To that, we will straight rakhunok be replaced by clearer, special words - by їkh vygadanimi deputies. The genetic link of the zealous move of the chicks from the ancient zvichaєm (taboo in rakhunka) is insane. However, in the pictures, like boules recorded by folklorists in the XIX-XX centuries, Zaumna mova does not depict the child's presence, but the pragmatism is amused by a lot of words.
The word in the bagatokh is not the style of the singing sense, but rather the necessary rhythmic oddity and rhyme. Lichilochka can be a simple set not to miss any sense and that quiet words. for example:
Eni, beni, Eve, shtevu,
Decks, packs, Kushtanev,
Shore, Batori, Gam, palyam
Shoes, vik, Babar.
Before us is a grave word, dynamic rhythmic and sound repetitions. For that, as all gravitas appear after the help of the foal, or the foals are rocked in pairs or roles, the gravity itself must be repaired. A. I. Nikiforov in the article "The People's Child of the Dramatic Genre" rightly implies that there are a lot of tales about creatures, vicarious children, and the drama and theatrical performance. In a still larger world, the price is introduced to childish igors, which are rich in small theatrical vistavs. For the butt, let's describe the "Radish" gray.
“Before the mother to the colony of the child, to the third, the third and so far. The leader, or the leader, go and even: "Knock, knock, beat!" - "Who the hell is attracted to?" - "The gentleman has fallen into the oven, they will crush the crush, they want to cut it." - "Smack, smack, that is not the root!" The Veducha starts to draw from the place to sit the little girl and, having put her on her feet, she knows how to sit down on every place, and I myself know to the naughty ones. - "Knock, knock, beat!" - I know how to start knocking. - "Who the hell is attracted to?" - "Barina vchadila, richly tsukru has eaten, she is sick, a little bit hot .." I know smikє i, if there is one root, that is, one uterus, then all gravts take their part in the group. First for everything, the uterus is pulled together from the mice, then we can plant the club on the dovga, as all the gravels are carried with the dull smiles and whigs: “The roots are smacked! The uterus cannot be carried! »Stretching out a dagger of fats, lower it to the ground. Tsim gra і kіnchaєtsya »Before us is not so much, like a child and play drama. The town was brought to the city of Nagadu, beloved by the children, the Kazochka "Rіpka". However, її heroes іnshi. It’s all natural: in a child’s family, a granddaughter, a woman, a granddaughter, a cat, a bear and a bug cannot take over.
Yak and in kazkas for children, in children igra-vistavas, they often get used to children. Х mіsce in the group and composition of the function of development. Pointingly, the butt of a pisenka, yak vikonutsya in the group "Gorilki". Gravtsi stays at the bet one by one. And in front of the syuït "scorching" and recitatively vimovlyaє the little picture, which I respect to praise the pragmatic:
“Burn, burn clearly,
The schob did not go out,
Look at the sky
the stars are on
Cranes scream.
Sty Podol,
Marvel at the field
Blow surmachi there,
There will be kalachi
Gu, gu, gu, flow in. "
For such a pet to take part in a group, it is unimportant to marvel at something in the field, but at the sky. And at the end of the hour, "scorching" shvidko viguku: "One, two, three-ni crows. Bizhi yak vogon! "Zabarivya catching, and the wine becomes" scorching ". I will continue to progress.
At the pointed butt, the little dog will be able to sing solo. At a large number of vipadks and games, the little ones will sing in chorus, before the hour they will dance in a round dance. Tse mi bachimo, for example, in the games "Lion", "Zaychenya", "Korshun" and in. One little pig is sleeping for children, if it stinks at the stake (in the games "Drake and pitching" and "Tin"), or to sit (in the group "Smoking room"). Іgrovі pisenki to complete the developmental genre. Among the others, the old-timers see the Golosyanka, the Movchan, the Pisenka of the Kazak Zmistu and in. Wash the gris into the golosyanka. “Let's lads, pull the golosyanka. Who is not a vityagne - that for hairs p --- b --- a --- a --- a --- t --- b! Having pinned the first ones to "pull the golosyanka", they will be called to the punishment. Movchanki vikonuyutsya pislya guchnykh іgor, for the sake of repair. Hopefully, in a fast-paced one, the Movchan is widened:
"Kishka is dead,
Hvist blaze,
Who to promote?
That і z'ist .......
Movchanka resigned?
Doors on the slider! ..
Doors on the slider! ..
Some gestures and grimaces wriggle rosmіshiti grimace. They laughed merrily and inveterately over the tim, who perchim the motivation.
Childish folklore is a specific area of usny artistic creativity; Zagalny, the genus sign of childish folklore - spivvidnesennya artistic text I am loading.
For the first time I will earnest respect for childish folklore, having brutalized the teacher KD Ushinsky. In the 60s rr. XIX Art. in the magazine "Uchitel" there were publications of the creation of the child's folklore and his analysis from the point of view of the physiology and psychology of the child. Todi wretched systematic beating folk creations for children. The first collection of childish creations - P. Bessonov "Children of Pisny" - was seen in 1868 and was seen in 19 years with pictures and 23 little children. Then we went to the collection of the childish folklore of E. A. Pokrovsky and P. V. Shein, who laid the foundation for further theoretical robots.
In 1921, in Russian geographic partnership(RGT) Bula is based on a comic of childish folklore, byuto and mov. In the 1920s, pp. The persistence of the childish folklore and the term itself appeared, proponated by G. S. Vinogradov. З 1960s rr. Russian childish folklore of Siberia vivchav MN Melnikov. V modern science there are two problematic aspects about childish folklore: folklore and internal light to develop the specialness of the child; folklore is the regulator of the child's social behavior in the child's collective. Pre-adolescents take a step to look at the creation in the natural context, in quiet situations in spilkuvanny children, in which folklore is expanding and func- tioning.
Childish folklore is the creation of the children themselves, adopted by tradition; create traditional folklore, grown up, as they have moved into the child's repertoire; create, grow up specially for children and learn to tradition. G. S. Vinogradov pidkreslyuvav, that "childish folklore is not a kind of wickedness and facts, but it is a" small province "of folklore, a tsikava for a psychologist and a representative of scientific pedagogical
dumki abo vicladac-practice і vikhovatel; childish folklore is an equal member of the ranks of the longest known types of folklore. "
Childish folklore is a part of folk pedagogy, its genre is intuitively based on the physical and mental characteristics of children in young groups (children, children, children). Folk pedagogy is an ancient, foldable, evolving phenomenon and does not involve its relevance. Vona was dependent on the role of the word in the formulation of specialness. Childish folklore zberig follow the glance of the ages and the tendencies of our hour.
The artistic form of the childish folklore is specific: for the new one is characterized by its own figurative system, heavy up to the rhythm of the movement and up to the gri. Gra is an element psychologically necessary for children.
Childish folklore is multifunctional. The newcomer will learn about the different functions: utilitarian-practical, educational, vikhovna, mnemonic, aesthetic. Winning a child's snatching a little bit of behavior in a child's collective, and also naturally acquiring a new generation of skin up to the national tradition. Given the development of ways and means of transmission of traditional childish folklore: transmission to grown-up children; spontaneously pereimannya from the grown-ups, one-story or older children.
Classification of works of child folklore can be carried out for its functional role, walk and walk, artistic form, ways of showing. Slid to mean the unity of the system and genres of childish folklore, the diversity of which forms start as a difference in the perception of a child and an older one.
Create a childish folklore, vikonuyut old age for children (mother's folklore) and themselves children (vasne childish folklore). Mother's folklore includes creation, growing up for grizzlies with young children (up to 5 6 years). The stench spook the child until the active day and physical dyy (singing rukhs), wikklikayut interest to the word. Folklore, vikonuvany by the children themselves, vіkh vіkh vlasnu creative activity in words, organizing games for a child's team. At a new one, create, old-grown-sneezes, as they passed to children, and create, fold by themselves
children. Cordon with motherly and childish folklore is not always possible, so in 4-5 years of children we will fix our children, we will grow up and repeat the text.
mother's FOLKLORE
Koliskovi pictures, vislovlyuyuchi nіzhnіst і love to the child, mali tsilkom singing meth - pispati yogo. They were given a calm, quiet rhythm and monotonous despair. In the supravodzhuvalosya pogoyduvannya hitki (koliski), and in the songs the sound could have appeared:
birch skrill- creak
And my blue sleep, sleep.
Korinnya koliskovykh pisen go to the old one. V.P. Anikin vvazhaє, that the eulogy of the Evolution has fallen to two ritual and deputy-conjuring functions. Ymovіrno, a rudiment of such ancient phenomena є a small group of dogs, in which mothers bazhaє children die ("Baiu, baiu that lyuli! Want to die now ..."). Sense of pobazhannya - fool the ailments, like tormenting the child: if he's dead, then he should catch the stench.
In koliskovy songs, the role of emprovizatsiya is great: the stench slept until the child did not fall asleep. At the same time, there is a great significance of Mali's tradition and style of text.
A. N. Martinova saw the middle of them both urgent and dynamic. "Pisni imperative is a monologue, atrocities to a child, or to some people, or to isot (real or mythological). Until a child, it is a monologue, beastly to sleep, to be healthy, to grow up or to an inaudible headache. , do not vereduvati. to birds, creatures, mythological characters to beastry from the prohannya to give a dream to the child, do not make you sleepy, do not lyakati. " Rospovіdni pisnі "doesn’t have a brightly twisted expressive, emotive immobilization. small difference about the creatures, which are squeezed together with kazochki. There is no bezposerednogo beast to the child, I want the image of yogo directly or reflected in the presence in the song: mova idde about yogo maybutnє, gifts to yomu, about tvarin and ptahіv, as pikluyutsya about new ".
In the figurative light of Koliskovy Pissen, there are such detachments, like Sleep, Drimota, vgamuvatisya. Mayut the world of beastly until the Jesus of Christ, the Mother of God and the saints. Popular pictures with images of pigeons ("Ay, lyuli, lyulen'ki, Have arrived gulenki ...") and especially - a cat. The cat is guilty of killing the child, for the price of vin otrimaє a gleach of milk І shmatok of a pie. In addition, the mother's admonition to the cat:
Vushka is beaded,
The legs are in silver.
The spying one, the satisfaction of the kitty, with a free parallel to the image, I will spawn the baby.
The songs have the image of a wonderful coliski (Kolisca of gold) It wasn’t only the situation of the peasant’s beaten up, but, on the thought of A.N. Martinova, the beetle was tied to the enemies of the rosies in the large booths and the royal chambers — also by the nannies and year-olds of the peasant’s bully.
Pestushko, nursery rhymes, poskakushka they sponded the child to an active day, they nailed it with their hands, fingers, heads, fingers. Yak in koliskovy songs, the role of gravitational rhythm here is important, the protest character of yogo іnshy is badoriy, merry:
Tra-ta-ta, tra-ta-t,.
Kishka went for a cat ..
Pestushko beat the rhythm, zmіnyuchi yogo:
great legs
Yshli on the road:
Top-top-top,
Top-top-top.
little nizhki
Bigli on the road: Top-top-top-top-top,
Top top top top top!
The little dogs are tied with the petting of the child, with the first rukhs; jump - from the ride on the knees near
overweight; little quiet - with elements of the plot, gri ( "Okay, okay ...", "Ide a horned goat ..."). They z'yavlyayutsya pererahuvannya, dialogue.
attachments- a lot of pisenki, or vyrshiks, who have burst into the little child with their snake. The plots of attachments are even simpler (one-motive or cumulative), scho "little kazochki in virshah" (V.P. Anikin). Childish kazki (div. "Bula sob chicken rya-Benka ..."),і navpaki: how the kazki could have different attachments ( "The goat went for the mountains ..."). Zm_st of attachments of yaskrave and dynamism: all of them are lit up kitty booth; bring up to you steam up in the laznі flea (or bear); chirp about scho smashing yєchku, yake knew Ryabenka chicken \ climb the owl party bilim Lunem ... Velmie virazni image tvarin: A goat in a blue sarafan, Pid llyanyh pants, In vovnyih panchokhs. Attachments to take revenge on the first people: in front of the goat of creation; sissy-murisonka she didn’t overflow with oil, she’d come to visit the other ... However, the main role of attachments is wonderful. Ditina learns about people, creatures, appearances, objects, about їх typical powers. Often to serve a cumulative plot: the fire is vipalyu lis, the water is extinguished, the biki is boiled water, etc.
In the middle of attachments, a special place is occupied unbilitated-inverted, vіdomі is also in the growing folklore. Х installation - to set the comic situations with a path of change of real objects and authorities. As soon as the child has a smile, it means that it is the correct way of thinking about speech and speech. Characters are not allowed to behave inappropriately, but it can be directly stated:
De tse bacheno.
De tse chuvano,
The hen gave birth to a scourge.
Pigging a testicle ... etc.
VLASNE CHILD FOLKLORE
Genri is not a childish folklore, in the fallowness of the step їkh vikorystannya, or inclusions in gru, it is possible to separate
lithium on the poetry of crumbling igors (tied with plot-organized motor acts) and the poetry of verbal igors (in them the main role is played by the word).
Trains of ruhlivikh igor
Foal(Abo "snake") viznachayut rozpodil the agitators on two commanders, establish order in the group. Whole laconic create, one rimovan, revenge the beast to queens(For representatives of the skin group) і food, which only one food, in which vibir is transmitted. Young foals, children were often imprisoned on the basis of cossacks, pisen, prisliv'iv, orders, riddles, not (A black horse, or a khvatsky Cossack? Bagato foal mali humorous character (On rude blues or drowning in korchazi? A fox in colorah or a bead in pants?).
lichilki zastosovayutsya for the development of roles in the group, with a great value of the rhythm. Leading vimovlyaє lichilku rhythmically, monotonously, lastly jabbing his hand to the skin member of the gris. Traders may have a short turn (from 1 to 4 warehouses) and get good sizes.
Korinnya lichilok go to the old one. The prelates see the ring of childish lichilas with the old-fashioned forms of fortune-telling (the vibe of the leading one for the other way), with the archaic one in the number of intellectual promises, like the winikla on the display of taboo numbers. Sponsored by the formation of people who were people in the old age, after the ancient fence, it was guilty to ensure good luck in the love, prosperity in the rural government. At the most important hour of a special sense, there is a mysterious rakhunok of representatives of small social groups: kartyars, wandering kravts and in. Having learned their unreasonable vocabulary, the children used their clever little ones. Smells and themselves were engaged in word-making: they changed the meaning of words, inserted not the authorities in the Sufiks (Firstborns, friends), they got used to the non-noisy earthy words from the sounds of the sound mode, invented the word-form of the same sounds, added rhythmic parts (Eni-beni three catens ...). The clever little ones, the change of the clear minds and the grown-ups, and the children, take the main artistic sign of the genre - a clear rhythm.
In addition to non-smart ones, there are tricks-and-tricks and especially popular in the middle of children plot tricks. Some words can be plotless, cumulative and with rudiments of a plot ( "One two- fancy ... "). Subject lines to detect urivki z
koliskovykh pisen, pisen and parts of the mature repertoire, from children igors, grazhniloks, from popular children 's verses (S. Mikhalkov, K. Chukovskiy and іn.) For example, і in the XIX, і in the XX century. folklorists wrote down in different ways different types of characters "Rolling the bag from the temple hump ...".
Іgrovі attachments and attachments boules are included in the game and the organization. The Zm_st Tsikh Creation was the beginning of the gras itself.
In the games, the children portrayed a family of beggars and busy work she sat down, scho gotuvalo to a mature life. Children igrs have spared the sight of ancient linguistic igrisch ( "Kostromush-ka"), go vshanuvannya in the fire ( "Smoking room"), sonja ( "Golden Gate") that інshih ob'єktіv. Before the children, they passed in round dances in older young people. Deyakі and іgry of young children have seen how іnstsenuvannya of adornments. Additions were introduced into the gross-cumulative composition, and into the super-lively verbal series - rhythm, sound quality and sound.
Trains of verbal igors
Calls and attachments- genetically the most ancient forms of childish verbal igor. For the stinks, the stinks are tied with calendar rituals, they have grown, as well as with ancient snakes and incantations.
Calls - a chain of pictures, beasts to nature (son, board, merriment) and twist a call or cry. The zm_st of calls was close to turboboots and to the type of chliborob_s: I need a board anyway, navpaki, sonechka. Children were turned to the forces of nature, yak to mythological ustots, magalized to appease them, and bewildered the victim:
Plank, plank, forest!
I bring in the thick.
Khliba okraєts.
Color the cake.
The chants were played in chorus, spіvuche. On view of them, the beauties were shown individually and silently. The stinks took revenge on the wickedness, the atrocities to the ravlik, Sonya, the mischievous ... The prokhannya flickered in the fact that she showed the ryzhka, the zeal, obscured the tooth for a new one ... in order to have a good time out of the drive, she had a bath in the afternoon; when baited
worms on the hook and in. In their own primovtsi children could be killed from the passages to the Christian saints. So, going for mushrooms, they said:
Nikola, Mikola,
Make a goat.
Riding in a stack
A flip-flop.
By the beloved verbal thunder of the elder's children, Vika Buli, squash- shvidka repetition of difficult to pronounce words. Pomilki in vimov wiklikayut smіkh. Gently, children develop organi articulations at once.
With own verbal right boules Movchan women- housekeeping changes, as well as golosyanka(Option: "volosyanki") - change in vityaguvanny on one dichanna of a vocal sound in kintzi virshika.
Before the verbal іgor of children, it is possible to introduce viscous in the middle of the kazki, riddles (the stench of the boules is seen in the general razdіlakh).
Child satire
As we grow up, the children have created their own satirical folklore, in which the beginning of the word has manifested itself. Genri child satiri - pancakes and glues, and also viverti, miriv-ki, vidmovki. The stench is a short, overwhelmingly transformed text, insured on that listener who is addressed individually.
Satirical genre regulate social behavior child, viznachayut yogo mіsce in a childish collective. Drazhniks are those that are negative for children. Їх ob'єkti - fat, toothless, scythe, fox, rudium, greedy, sneak, villain, crybaby, imagining, dumb, "nouns and nominated", and also myself dragee (to dash - to the dog rilo). Glazed, on vidminu from drazhniloks, zazvychay unmotivated. Smells are recognized from prizisk, i.e. E. (Aloshka-biscuit, Andriy-gorobets ...); the repetition of the new forms of the child (Vanya-Vanya-Vanerok, Vaska-Vasyuk, Katya-Katya-Katerina ...). Accept them ready to be ready, rozrahovani on those who fool a spy dealer, put him in a halep and squeeze a payment for foolishness or a pardon:
- Tanya, Sanya, Lizavetpa
Khali to the chavny.
Tanya, Sanya were drowned.
Who got into the chavny?
- Lizaveta.
- Clap for the price!
Ditina, having become the subject of ridicule, will take away the first lesson of life and become a master of it. If the criticism is fair, it means that it is necessary to accept it and try to correct it. In the whole vipad, you can vikoristovuvati peace ( "Make up, make up, make up ..."). Insha - if the mock is unfair, sharp. From the crook, one should go to the "zbroєyu" - vidmovka:
We examined the tsiliy rik,
All one tee hippopotamus.
We examined the whole century.
All one me lyudin.
It is possible to change it against the obtrusive misbehavior:
- Give me a gift?
- After having gone to Paris,
And having lost one buy.
4. LADY BABY MIFOLOGIYA ("SCARY ISTOORIS")
The childish folklore was infused with a change of suspense in the shape of the childish folklore. In the other half of the XX century. Most of the children have become small inhabitants. For an hour, in the mental development of children, Tim lost the invisible need to go through the stage of yaskravikh experience of an unattractively miraculous, which will give rise to fear, and to correct fear. In the feudal village, such a demand was satisfied with the out-of-town folklore tradition (children heard and told themselves bilichki, legends, Kazakhs). Happy children Mayut is the most glaring glimpse. Yogo shaping minskiy pobut, literature, cinema, radio, television. However, the form of the weary word zberigє has its own meaning.
Kolis GS Vinogradov, meaning in children "one kind of usnoy literature, representations by prose" - kazku. The spontaneous trend of a bitchy childish creative creativity - "terrible history" (that's how children are called) or "horror stories" (that's how the presenters began to call it) - becoming the subject of the introduction of folklorists, psychologists and pedagogues from the 1960s. Mabut, until the end of the hour, an ear of mass rattling of childish scary stories is brought. Horror stories function according to all the rules of folklore: follow tradition, pass by word of mouth. Х razpovidayut children of the development period, from 5 to 15 years, however, the most characteristic changes from 8 to 12 years.
Seemingly, the creative activity of young children - painting - step by step changes in verbal creativity. In the repertoire of children, the first are the genres of varied genres (for which the spriyє їkh maliy obsyag, rhythm, tinkling with the groove). For 6-7 rockies, it is important to re-educate the principles of misdirection: the child has begun to understand the causal and inherited connections, to be well-preserved and to convey the plot as a logical structure. It’s not noticeable that it’s centrism of a child-warning (in the sense that the hearer knows everything from the listener) is changing the message to the hearer, the need to correctly convey the message of notification, seeking from the hearer of intelligence and reaction.
Plastic images, bred by a child's imagination, may be "psychic energy", viscid to collective unaware (according to K. Jung). Fetishism, anemism, manifest such universal signs of culture, such as play, dependence, hand, eyes, voice, look, color, size, chthonic characters, goodness before death, ideas It allows you to see the terrible history like a child's mythology.
The genre related terrible history is a diffuse and heterogeneous phenomenon. On the basis of traditional folklore prose, in them there are not one, but two dominating the center: the announcement and the games.
The original genre is so called "scary vizivals". In the new ritual-game, the ear has increased the verbal bik. Guided butt:
"Yak wiklikati Babu Yaga. "You need to go to the toilet about 12 years. Write there with a niggardly crack and sit check. Come back earlier. If you want it to mean it. Baba Yaga arrived.(Amelina Vika, 11 rokiv, Moscow region).
Children "wiklikayut" Pikova lady, little man of the thousand that in. A meta of terrible vizivals - viprobuvati feeling the fear and satisfaction in the way over it, so that you can see one of the forms of self-assertion of specialness.
In terrible histories, one can know all types of folklore informal structures, from the cumulative to the closed lance of motives in the bright zmistu (similar to charming kazoks). Vikoristovuyatsya epichni gutter, kazkovy compositional formulas (Lived boules ...), the tradition of a happy ending. Good fineness is free to manifest itself in the game histories with the rest of the phrase: "See my heart!" (black mret); "Meat їla!"(Female vampire). Chim stronger overlyak, you can laugh at him more cheerfully.
The terrible histories of the transformed, or typologically, showed signs of myths and folklore genres: snakes, enchanting kazki, food epos, bilichki, anecdote. They also appear among literary genres: fantastic and detective reporting, drawing.
The system of images of childish horror stories falls into three groups: head hero, Yogo pomіchniki and opponents. Nybilsh typical head hero - divchinka abo lad; call the winners to the youngest in the family. The following images are available: one cholovik, one woman, a student, a taxi driver, old and old, a dog Sharik, a prince, one journalist ... Pomichniki, on view of the Kazakhs, who are not fantastic, but real: mіlіtsіoner (mіlіtsіya), Sherlock Holmes. The plot of vimag to overcome evil, to bring the day to the speeches, to see the nature. Vystezhuvannya evil viconu is the head hero (child), and his physical dignity is the patron saint (mіlіtsіya).
At a glance from the Kazoks, the terrible history beckons only one pole of the fantastic - evil. They are tied with him without
Of course, different types of shkidniks: either simply fantastic images, or fantastic images, can easily be seen by the faces of ordinary people and objects (like the beaches on the walls of mothers). Shkіdnik can be on the alert for a sign, most often colors: black, chervony, bili, or yakis інsy. Kolir figurun i in the names of childish horror stories: "Chorni Shtori", "Chervona Plyama", "Blue Trojanda"і t. item. The schoolboy's activity is rotated in one of three functions (or in їkh combination): vikradennya, vbivvstvo, bazhanya to make a victim. The images of shkіdnikіv accelerate in fallowness towards the viconavtsіv. The youngest children of the inanimate have objects that are alive, in which child fetishism is manifested. by the way, red lace ring the doorbell, strangle mom. Daddy yogo rozіrvav and throwing at vіkno, ale lace prodovzhu terrorize the family. yogo doused with gas, burned, and drank at the window. Ale at the door I know to ring. Start the worm saw and all the shutters. (Smirnova Varya, 7 rockiv, Zagorsk). In older children, there is a link between an object and a living schoolboy, which can mean an expression similar to animistic. Behind the curtains, dancing, painting to dry up black volohaty hands, billy (chervony, black) lyudin, skeleton, dwarf, Quasimodo, rice, vampir ... Often we will turn the object-shk_dnik є. Stitches, earrings, bracelet, lancet, v'yunky roslini are transformed into snakes; at night there are people-vampires chervony (or black) kits; lyalka (or a statue) to transform into a woman; an image of people in the picture ( "About the black lady with blakitnimi ochima"). Werewolves expand on parts of the human body, as they behave like a human being, at the same time they stand out from the drones of flickers and the like. Crazy, werewolves have come to the up-to-date folklore of children from the out-of-town traditional folklore.
Sophisticated way of the school student to see the development, the loss of his portrait characteristics. It will be shown on a group basis.
The first portrait schable є a color signal, the knowledge of the zhynochy beginning: a chervona vidma, a beautiful woman in a black one, a wrinkled woman is old, a woman is even more beautiful in a old white cloth, a green-eyed woman is even more beautiful in an oxamite green bast. We can see more foldable images, in which to see the transformation from one to another. Vaughn will stand in her own true viglyad at night, if you think that everyone is asleep: I saw the little girl look and bach, so the machuha took the black cloth, let it go
dovge black hair, planted a toad on her chest and walked quietly.(Golovko Olena, 11 rokiv, Kokchetav); won I was amazed at the schilina and poached, that the ticket was re-painted into that woman, as she was selling the quotes. і tsya zhіnka іde to daughters іzhechku, but whoever has children, eyes green and іkla in roti.(Kiselova Olena, 9 rocks, Gorky).
The Іnsha category is to develop on the basis of the Kazak image of Babi Yaga. Such a treatise appears in the plots of the vikradennyam. This type is distinguished by the characteristic "inter'or": a fox, an oak, a self-contained house or a hatinka. I can show up and such a detail: From the sides on the stakes, they were washing human heads. Even a bagatokh policeman's knowledge is a good thing for your comrade.(Kondratov Alosha, 13 years old, Moscow). It is typical for Kazkov to appear a portrait of the following: Chaklunka with a slack nose and a police force to replace my legs(Kondratov Sergiy, 8 rokiv, Moscow); and also meta, for the sake of stealing children: Vona lured to myself, the child, who was born in the mountains, and in ten days she was born.(Kazakov Dima, 8 rocks, Novomoskovsk, Tula region).
With my "literary adventure" you can pikovu lady(Tsiganova Marina, 11 years old, Siktivkar). Nareshti, in the way, they could have seen a feud of the child: Once my mother bought tulips in the Tishinsky market in the same grandmother, from which, mіzh іnshim, not a bucket of teeth, but a bullet is inserted into a slot.(Isaev Sasha, 10 years, Moscow).
The image of a shkidnik was smoothed down, the children were turned to the notice of the traditional folk prose. Dwarf-vampire zmіg znischiti one old old old-old; for many wines vikoristovuv in magic colo, fire, ossicles. (Bunin Alosha, 12 years old, Moscow). The traditional ways of the student's wickedness: according to the cut-out at the new man's, according to the well-known circle, in the right he accumulates, іclams, as a result of penetrating the fence into the room, etc. if you substitute a child for a baby).
The psychology of a school student is inevitably broken through the inner light of the children themselves. For example: it is an hour for the performance to enter the dark hall of the theater terrible blood drinkers, stench drive in all people. Price for mailing lists and setting food, why are so rich in the dead. Ti pochali brehati. Oh, they didn’t believe it, it’s the stench(Vayman Natasha, 10 years old, Zelenograd). As a child, feel the fear of grown-ups: All the people were angry, rushed to the houses and began to zatikati all the schools. potim
the stench climbed up all the children and the children took with them.(Garshina Olya, 10 rocks, Kovrov Volodymyr region).
The remaining stage of evolution to the image of the enemy (behind the vicinities of the viconauts); Here, it is especially obvious to see closeness to traditional folklore: fantastic characters of Kazoks are seen, admirably connected with scientific and technical knowledge bitch child... At 13-15 years of age, children have a crisis of the miraculous category, the stench comes before the list of unmotivated zhakhiv. To see the spread of terrible stories. Children can fix the report about real mischief, and their reliability ( "History, as for now, became in Moscow" - Rtischeva Lena, 14 years old, Moscow). The stench will come up with a materialistic solution to the fantastic day-to-day of a school student: a fortune-telling from a hypnosis, ships in the "black diri" of the ocean ... For example, in one history it is said about those who have light in the room, then in the wall there are two terrible eyes shine. Ale potim mіlіtsіya z'yasovuє, scho Before the new gentlemen lived an old house near the booth, and it was very old and died. And the old woman took his eyes, put it in the jar and sealed it in the wall. And if the light was vimical, the stench was curled up.(Kiselova Olena, 9 rocks, Gorky).
Particularly intensively the spread of terrible histories is seen as the path of the era of numerical parodies, in which fences, vicissitudes and images of fantastic schoolchildren (objects, shimmers, vampires, seen) are seen.
For example, the image of a figurine in a widened parody of the torn down of the fence: the woman went to a new apartment, in which flowers were washed for a while, ale and fenced off yogo vismikuvati. Once, she tore her favorite cloth about her flowers, got even angry i viderla yogo. Through a sprinkle of hilin, they knocked on the door. The woman woke up and shook a terrible vidma. Vidma said: "I can't sleep like that, but here's the chandelier on me!"(Shenina Tanya, 10 years old, Moscow).
Irony of parodies of physics learned by the older children of their intellectual overtures over the little ones.
Otzhe, in the systems of images of terrible histories, the central place is occupied by miraculous opponents. A terrible history can get along without a friend and find a protagonist, or an image of a schoolboy in the presence of a child. Win can be just one. for example:
At the black room - black style,
on the table - black torn,
in truni - chorna is old,
she has a black hand.
"Give me my hands!"
(Notify the whistle of the best listener)
In the structures of the image of the shkidnik, evil began to manifest itself as a miraculous power. Children can accept without obruntuvan; You can develop flexible motives, from those that are common to the ground ones; can її block out the parody of a parody - ale, in any kind of stench, I’m caught up in being put to the whole miraculous evil forces.
Kryz try to create a happy childish mythology to go through the idea of a dual world in an intuitive way: in them there is a light action ("budinok") and a fantastic light ("no-child"). young children (5-7 years) have a real and unreal light modally the same: the smell of offense appears as an active day. a group with the traditional genre of non-fabulous prose - bilichka.Another group, which is known until the middle of the century (children 8-12 years old), will be more foldable to talk about two lights. modality, analogous to the Kazakh one: it is clever in a wonderful way. Two tendencies are developing. Like a kazok, and from іnshogo - to feast on the іgroviy moment. There is a rose, one notification and hearing: the first one does not believe in a wonderful snake, but it is less prudent to listen to it, and it’s possible to listen to the listeners, then at the same time you will laugh at them. At the same time, you can have coal cobs of signs of spreading terrible stories, going up to satirical comprehension. The third
vіkovіy group(Children 13-15 years old) I know I’m getting a notification and hearing, albeit on the ground, a wonderful parody of the miraculous way, or the emergence of its illusory motives through the development of material. People get to know the specialties of literary genres and anecdotes. Tsikavo, scho a number of parodies end with the phrase "We heard a Russian Kazakh folk ", so it is safe to ride in a fantastic way and to bend the performance until you can see the yak.
Scary history is a fact of a bitter childish folklore and a sutta of psychological and pedagogical problem. The stench appears to be consistent with the development of evidence. Vivchennya ts'go material to help bring positive messages to the development of the child's specialness.
LITERATURE BEFORE THEME
Texts.
E. A. Pokrovsky Children іgri, it is important to Russian. - SPb., 1994. (Reprint. Revised, ed. 1895).
Shet P.V. Collection of folk childish pisen, igor and riddles / Order. A.E. Gruzinskiy behind Shein's materials. - M., 1898.
Kapitsa O. I. Children's folklore: Pisnі, potіshki, drazhniki, kazki, іgri. - L., 1928.
Kapitsa O. I. Childish folk calendar... (Entry and edgotu. Publications by F. S. Kapitsi) // Trains and ritual: Interuniversity. zb. scientific. prats / Відп. ed. B.P. Cirdan. - M., 1989 .-- S. 127-146. (Publication of archival materials).
Wisdom of the People: Life of People in Russian Folklore. - Vip. 1: Dignity. Dignity / Order., Pidgotu. text, entry Art. і comments V.P. Anikina. - M., 1991.
Russian children's folklore of Karelia / Order., Pidgotu. text, entry Art., foreword. S. M. Loiter. - Petrozavodsk, 1991.
One, two, three, chotiri, p'yat, my demo with you grati: Russian child іgroviy folklore: Book. for the reader and scholars / Order. M. Yu. Novitska, G. M. Naumenko. - M., 1995.
Childish Poetic Folklore: Anthology / Order. A. N. Martinov. - SPb., 1997 ..
Doslidzhennya.
Vinogradov G.S. Childish folklore. (Published by A. N. Martinova) // From the History of Russian Folklore / Vidp. ed. A. A. Gorulov. - L., 1978. -S. 158-188.
Anikin V.P. Russian folk prizliv'ya, orders, riddles and Childish folklore: A book for a teacher. - M., 1957 .-- S. 87-125.
Melnikov M.N. Russian childish folklore Sibiru. - Novosibirsk, 1970.
Melnikov M.N. Russian children's folklore: Textbook. posibnik for students ped. in-tv. - M., 1987.
School bobut and folklore: Textbook. material from Russian folklore: 2 hours * / Order. A.F.Belousov. - Tallinn, 1992.
Holy family and traditional culture: Zb. scientific. prats and materials / Order. S.G. Ayvazyan. - M., 1994.
Cherednikova M.P. The modern Russian child mythology in the context of the facts of traditional culture and child psychology. - Ulyanovsk, 1995.
CONTROL FOOD
1. What is the development of childish folklore from the grown-up folklore?
2. Name the genre of childish folklore and folklore for children, in which the role of rhythm is especially important. Explain its function in different genres.
ZAVDANNYA
Record from children 2-3 terrible history (or parodies of them).
LATE TRADITIONAL FOLKLORE
Late traditional folklore is a combination of creative work in the small genres and the growth of the industry, which were introduced in the village, small town, soldier, work and middle growth in an hour.
Late-traditional folklore is characterized by a lesser number of creations and, in general, a higher artistic level among those born in classical folklore - a culture of richness, rosy, rich, pathetic, pathetic feudal
1. Zagalna characteristic of LATE TRADITIONAL FOLKLORE
Late traditional folklore is a folding interweaving of the new to the old. The Silskoy repertoire has seen the transformation of classical genres, as they have repaired the vision in the influx of literary poetry. They showed their zhitєzdatnіst іslіv'ya і orders, anecdotal kazkas, folk songs of literary travel, childish folklore. The old, drawn-out song of the Bula was greatly dwarfed by small "hard romances", and it was also widely broadened in part. At the same time, the bilines, the old historical paintings, the old balads and the spiritual revolutions, fell into oblivion. charіvnі kazki... The folk rituals and super-juvenile travels have lost their utilitarian-magical meaning for the year, especially in the minds of the city.
From the end of the 18th century. In Russia, the first state-owned backwaters and industrial plants appeared, on some of the most popular robots from the toothed villagers, convicts, unauthorized tramps, etc. In many lines of robots, the winners of the new folk created In the world of development of capitalism and growth of the proletariat, the topic has been expanded, the number of creations in the creative work of robots has been increased, for which the infusion of book poetry is characteristic.
Moscow folklore has become a new phenomenon - asleep create the "grassroots" population of the
the cities themselves, gradually inflow from the village's teeth). Cultural contacts of the place and the village of Mali in Russia bagatovikov history - to complete the role of Kiev, Novgorod and other places in the stories of the Russian bilins. However, only in the other half of the XIX century. the cultural traditions of the local population, which were seen from the earth, were spread. The order in old forms and genres, such as bazaar, fair folklore, viguki retailers (other traders), has its own sense culture (romance), its own non-fabulous prose, its rituals; the old tradition of manuscript books (pisnyars, albums with verses) neglected the new development. Everything is still in quiet forms of living in our hour.
Yak meaning A.S. Kargin, the folklore of Moscow has been seriously growing since the 1980s. The presenter wrote: "The bagato of folklore only in the last part of the 20th century was intuitively seen, but at the same time, they announced a new layer of culture about themselves, not to fit into the tired schemes of traditional folklore. folk culture, To reach super-verbose, how to learn from the village tradition. "
At XX century. the process of extinguishing the traditional rituals and introducing the elders to the genres of folklore has accelerated. Some of them were taken away by those who, in the hour of October, the official presentation to the folklore was negative: they were denounced by "vidzhilim" and "reactionary". The price is widespread on the agrarian saint, rituals of painting, serpents, spiritual warriors, deyaki, historical paintings and inn. At the same time, new creation of new genres, which brought up new problems and life realities. It is possible to see the development of the Russian folklore of the 1917 r. intermediate period; Velyka Vіtchiznyana vіyna 1941-1945 rr.; writing period; lucky period.
The bitter usny repertoire of the people and the late folklore is an understanding of development. A funky repertoire - all you do, like a memory or a vison of the people, right from the hour of the day. The current repertoire includes acts that are classic folklore and new repertoire elements of early traditional folklore. Pizno-traditional folklore - warehouse part bitchy re-
pertuara, create, shoots against the fall of the feudal village.
Old man national folklore vikonuvav important functions in historical, social and economic minds. From the house of yogo consolidation, the role of the brother-in-law huge wines If all the participants in the tragic podvikovyvali traditional create, as condemned evil and violence. At the rock of the Great Vicious War of Bilini and old soldier's pictures, before which agitators and artists turned up, they activated patriotic respect for the people.
In folklore dating back to the 20th century, the ancestors of the past mean mo-preference: the development of vikov, the social organization and the development of ideas. In the new, the historical superlativeness of the glance and the aspiration of the population of the land, the inhabitants of the Silk and the township is seen. A number of creations have been adopted to fix and reach the state of affairs: the lack of literacy, collective analysis, industrialization, fire of new-fascist state charities, the renewal of the present-day economic development The order of them will be filled with fires, create, in which the smoked rosters and repressions are condemned. Near the camps in the middle of the vineyards, the folklore of the GULAG (youmu Bula was assigned a science conference in St. Petersburg in 1992).
Happy folklore - the whole folklore of intellectuals, students, academic youth, townspeople, villagers, participants in regional wars and in. Folklore of the last twentieth century nastіlki vіdosmenіvya in porіvnyannі with larger early forms, which is sometimes called post-folklore. Protest of late-traditional folklore, the decline of the folk tradition of poetry. The trend in the history of new creations in the form of earlier existing genres, as well as in the private victorian of old folklore poetics and stylistics.
In the fast-paced folklore process of the changing development of collective and individual cob, the role of an environment of creativity has grown. Yaskrava prikmet late traditional folklore - create professional and professional authors, taken by the people.
Late-folklore folklore is foldable, dynamic, and not until the end of the day the system began to develop
had to. A bagato of a manifestation of late-traditional folklore, science only meant it or began to break up. Among them there are: folklore; folklore to the GULAG; folklore of participants in regional warriors (in Afghanistan, in Chechnya); folklore of young social groups (for example, student); happy childish folklore; fabulous prose is biting; joke. Especially those - interconnection of Russian folklore and folklore of quiet peoples of Russia, middle of the Russian populations; folklore of the Russian Diasporas outside the cordon.
It is necessary to critically assess the accumulation of information about late-traditional folklore (for example, the folklore of the community of vіyny and in the whole 1920s - 1930s. Beginning to publish texts of late traditional folklore, as soon as there is a possibility of falsification.
Characterizing the genres and genres of the system and classic folklore, there were also problems with the development of the new development, food about books in the form. At the same time, there will be parts, folklore of working people and folklore from the period of the Great Victory Day.
PIECES
Naybilsh we blame the genre of late traditional folklore є part.
The parts are short rimmed lyrical little ones, which were set up and displayed like a lively vidguk on a versatile life, I can clearly see a positive or a negative assessment. In some parts of the presence of heat abo ironia. Most early parts are small in number of rows. The main type - chotiriryadkova - was formed in the other half of the 19th century, Win vikonutsya for dance without it. Chotiriyadkovy is also a part of the dance, which is just a dance (for example, a square dance). In addition, to see the noble ditties: "Country-dannya" i "Semenivna" appeared in the 1920s).
Parts may be promising, ale repetitive, styled naspivi, like lengthy, so і shvidki. Typically, the collection of bagatokh texts per one nap. In a lively rattling part of the power is recitative (closeness to the sound of declamation). They have a word, naspiv, instrument
mental suprovid (in balalaika, accordion), ruhu (tin, mimika, dance). All warehouses allow for empowerment, which can be borrowed in part of the month.
Part of it was taken by a little form, but a ditty of a nicholas not to play alone (I am part by part, yak by a thread, I will not ...). In case of vikonanny improvizu, cyclists are often drowsy, which can include a number of stanzas (up to 100). The presenters realized that in the process of visiting parts of the cumulative-contaminated generational mechanism, the wine and the opening of the parts were filled in by a familiar, snake or formal. A similar principle and earlier vikoristovuvavsya in the art of labor songs type dubinushek: The songs were not linked to the plot of the stanzas, but from the zalnyy attachment.
If you sleep, you can create a composition of framing: a part, like a signal for a cob, and a part, like a signal for a finish. It is not easy to mix up to harmony. for example:
Gray, accordionist.
Gray, don’t lam!
For someone not need it -
Try for us!(On the cob).
Ouch, Thank you, harmonist.
For a load of vidminna!
I still bate you
Milka is cute!(In kіntsі).
Having slept, prompted for a dialosis - two matchmakers, one wins. Having filled up can also be folded in a gram shape (div., For example, in the Reader there are "perekhresny" parts, the compositional principle of two-part ™ parts of the stanza is de-played). Extensions of the type of spilled cob - parts, such as a spil cob (spil): Ex, yabluchko ..., Litak years ... that in. special way cyclization of parts "Semenivna": win nagadu kіltsevu composition of folk lyric songs. for example:
After repairing the samovar with a chimney,
And I'm "Semyonivna" fixing my sleep.
I sleep asleep, as I sleep, and then sleep as I sleep.
Mi zakokhutsya - the coachmen flew,
And when it came out, it was pouring out ...І etc.
Parts of the residual took shape in the last quarter of the XIX century. all at once in the rural parts of Russia: in the center, middle and lower Volga regions, in the winter, small and early provinces. Kozhen region mav has a special character of the verbal text and in a special way, in a special manner of vikonannya (in chorus at least one at a time), and also in dance, which gave rise to different significant parts: "Saratov", "Tambovska", "Voronezka" Years later, a lot of them were thrown away everywhere (divine. Some of them slept for an hour for a walk, on the road, in the forest, on the sit-downs. The folk center saw parts - Famous people, victors and creators, who are the main repertoire of their music. On the ear of the XX century. Russian parts began to penetrate to the other peoples: Ukrainians, Bilorussians, Mordovians, Chuvashes, Tatars, and others. At the mіtsyah of the Russian-Mordovian pogrom, long noble units began to nazivat in Mordovian - Matani(In the cross - "pisenki").
In the early days, the parts were called in a pictorial way: pisnі, short pіsnі, attachments, bugs, prіbaskі, shorty, sobіrush-ki that in. term ditty, also folk, having introduced introductions to the science of science in 1889, since in the periodical press the first naris appeared about the price of the manifestation of the culture of the people. Yogo author - democrat writer G.I. Uspensky.
On the vidminu view of G.I. Uspensky, who showed an unabable interest up to the point, were often known in the past "at the end of the sprawling creativity." Axis scho writing F.I. Shalyapin: "The people, who have been suffering in the dark depths of life, having slept the civilians and until I see the joyful thoughts. How did I become with him, who would have lost whether I had hoped for beautiful and got stuck in the middle of some hope and some bridge. the factory is wine here, not gumy chi blisky galoshes, as not a woolen scarf, I’m not doing this on a sunny summer day, if I sleep so well with birds?
on top of the cloth by silsky fashionistas? Aren't you cursed with a nimetska harmonica, for with such love trimmings before the groin of the cholovik on the day of the shop? I will not undertake to explain Tsioi. I only know that this part is not a pic, but a magpie, and it’s not natural, but obscenely maddened. And they slept yak! They slept in the field, slept on the sleepers, on the little rivers, at the struma, in the woods and behind the splinter. The Russian people, obsessed by the dream, wandered great in the New Year ... ".
The chastushka is an indicator of the zrostayuchoy sound of the village in the place, won the change of the psychotic way of the village, persh for all the young people. Speed up the pace of life, the constant surge of new enemies, often experiencing a snake - everything was torn by the current, short, crumbling picture.
parts - head genre rural lyricism in old-fashioned folklore. With its turns, it is easy to dress let's sleep creativity old Russian village. Short satirical and danceable songs were presented as buffoons (in the Kursk and Tambov regions, parts were called buffoons abo skomoroshnye songs).
Obviously, a part of the buffoon's repertoire was taken by the so-called awkwardness- kolomiykami, in which the main role of the artist is a comic absurdity. for example:
You hear me, dear girl,
I will sleep with you:
A pig is put on an oak tree,
At the laznі to take a steam bath vedmіd.
At the pissenniki of the 18th century. fixed dancing songs, picking up kolomiyki after size. Some of the parts were shown on our own dancing pisins "Kamarinskaya"і "Barinia". Short attachments were used to sleep on weddings and in calendar rituals, however, in parts of the day, ritual folklore is dominated by utilitarianism, the stench is a purely lyrical genre. On the other side, parts of it were made up in bulk from a literary adventure and a book journey. For them, obov'yazkova rome, overwhelmingly unbroken (abcb), and also unbroken (abab) and paired (aabb). Subtle in its basis change of parts of approach to strong-tonic.
Parts of Mali Silske Promenade and Walking Tours. In the midst of the transformation, the transformation of the cichs of the silly little ones, the parts became, vikonuvali on the small outskirts, in the small "lower classes", in the middle of robots. The popularity and productivity of the part are saved in the day-to-day folklore (div. In the Chrestomaty the partisans of N.N. Smirnov from the Nerekhtsky district of the Kostroma region, Records in 1989).
Some of them show respect to all life and important food, and they show respect for everything. However, among the majestic greatness of the vipadk, the stench was formed by the young, that love became the most popular theme. The characters of the parts are a girl and a boy from an adult to a whore. Parts to pass on to the other girls about the job, the boys about the friendship; inception and development of love; love experience of a kind family. Young people protest against the power of the fathers, their fences on the ground; I talked about my literacy, letting me write one love sheet; it is naïvely pragmatic to the new forms of the local culture as a way of establishing self-reliance and respect for oneself from the side of the antiquated stati. The parts are extremely special, it is more loving to be imaged in them in all kinds of things, from the lowest to the baked.
At the bookmaker, folded by F. M. Selivanov (Chastushki. - M., 1990), I saw the following main groups of love parts: "zbulisya mriyi", "Pereudi, whips," glory "", "Doubts and thoughts", "Rozluka at love "," Rozluka: kinets of love "," Zrada "," "repeating" love "," Without intercourse "," Character ". In the middle of the skin group, there are a number of topics. For example, parts about zrada fall apart on those: "Jealous, finish, overwhelming", "Zrada vidbulasya", "Survival with zrada", "About supernice", "Pomsta zradnikiv", "Zrada darma", "Zalitsyalnik" Dare to crouch " zmіnyu ". The theme of love-making is also discussed in parts from the group "Posidenki and Party" and from the other groups of the Zbirnik.
The parts about the family life are written down significantly less, and to evaluate the position of young people - most often you are not happy. The presenters remembered that a large part of the parts was in charge, not entirely due to the character of the melody, but it is hardly a zmist.
The hero of a part of one is pictured in rosluts with old monsters (recruit, soldier, hired, scho pratsyuє in strangers); for new, it is typical for a little bit of fatherland:
On a foreign side I will bow to the funnel:
hello, little crows.
Chi not on our side?
Z the sky, the little star fell into the belt of the foreman.
I do not go to kolgosp pratsyuvati for a happy workday.
See parts about the service in the Chervoniy Army, about the Great Vіtchiznyanіy vіynі and the popular traditions in our land. Parts on the suspense-political those often swelled a satirical straightness. However, the stink of the repertoire of the repertoire occupies only a small place - only 5-6%.
Numerous falsifications were not really included in sleepwalking: the poster-hymn inheritance of folk songs, self-made "agitations" for the heat of the day, which were composed and published for propaganda purposes, were not really included.
Already in 1939 V. Bokov sings about falsified parts. Win the crack and the mechanism of it appear. So, the people's part about recruits was snoozed:
earring quality of literature,
Quacking over the fields.
Yak lads went to the soldiers,
All the girls were crying.
On the її basis there was a mediocre overwork:
sirki quality flying,
Quacking over the fields.
The Komsomol went to the front,
The girls did not cry.
Some lyrical pissen, parts of it economically, unobtrusively reprimanding wandering around... Stink, yak and pisnі, to rise in price with your wickedness is not like Rome falls on the most important words in the sense of the word. Parts of the transfer are made to the cholovich or to the child, dactyled to grow up. Stay close to Rome (Nevolili - drolini, hurricane - do not vivit, scho) i warehouse (Tufli - here chi). You can go to internal rimi:
ishov i fox, bachiv bisa.
bisa in new chobot,
myself oak, nis V'yaziv.
A cigarette in my teeth.
The rhythmic-melodic structure of the parts is combined with aliteration, asonance, syntactic parallelism and repetition. Virazni One-Chat:
Do not you dorizhka m'ata.
Do not go to them,
I’m not interested in you.
Chi is not for me to love.
Inodi ditty gra in voices in words
Ridko, Ridko,
mili, walk,
Ridko-rarely-ridko.
You love me for a long time, (a) you say, it's far away.
The Іntonational wealth of a part gives a closeness to rosy moving. Most often, a ditty є vislovyuvannya from the first individual and behind the wicked beast to someone: dear, friend, supernatural, mother ... It does not allow for a little different characterization of the characters. Achieve popular parts in a dialogue form, before developing in the form of a third individual. The warning ear, in part, is not weak, and the head snake is lyric. Based on concrete facts, a part of the vicarist sublimate method of folklore, which is subjectively perceived by people around the world, is put into a new universal sense.
The chastushka is tied in with folklore genres: listening and ordering, dancing and round dance songs, lyrical songs. The role of the rest is especially significant:
The traditional lyric poetry helped the formation of the part as a lyric genre. The ditty vikoristovuvala already ready to read the symbolism. They have a lot of room or a room, a road to cute, zozulya is overgrown, girka osika, Bila birch, Richka shvidka, viburnum, raspberry, clear moon, little star from heaven ... At the same time with the images, the post-institutes came into part, including the various (Heartbreaking). The basis of moving parts is alive and well; Portions of vicoristovuyt porivnyannya:
Come on, my dear, make friends.
Throw on Polyushko Khustka.
All our love is ziv'yane,
Yak non-molded quilt.
metaphor:
I will close my mind
Two twenty keys
schob old yagodinochka
not dreaming at night.
metonymy:
I forget, I forget
Do not forget.
White shirt, forelock left
Often guessing.
detached:
I walk from grief -
Woe is all I know.
I am from grief - in the blue sea, -
Woe to the swan plive.
The formula of the unfriendly:
I will not be more than a poster
Ochі karі wet, -
Do not remind the blue of the sea
І do not turn love.
hyperboles:
I am in the field, having slept.
З-під ніг vogon years.
I'm angry at the cutie -
Rozirvati and її hotiv.
In humorous and satirical parts of the hyperbole, the ear of the ear is:
Їde miles around the bazaar,
Everybody laughs.
Viyavilosya - inserting the teeth.
The mouth does not close.
According to the composition, the parts are divided into one-part and two-part. One-part may be the most obvious development by those. for example:
On the Nimetskiy on the cordon.
On the visokiy gіrtsі
bandageє rani
Sanitarka drolechke.
The two-part stanza clearly falls into two parts with a short pause between them. On the prompting of the two-part part of the stanza, infused with a sense of psychological parallelism. It is obvious that:
Will not wither
On the mountains greenery garden?
Chi wee don't turn around
Cohannia our back?
The two-part parts have parallelism with one character in both parts:
Bude, bude, hanbila
White and blue.
Bude, bude, fell in love
Lovely handsome.
Frequent two-part parts, in some parts of the protrusion behind the zmist (div. "Semenivni"). The presenters have remembered the heavy parts to formal parallelism - if, when the parts are left, it is not necessary to establish a symbolic or logical connection between them. Such, for example, are a lot of parts, such as vikoristoyt zalny zaspiv "From the sky the little star fell ...".
The walking of this image is tied with the traditional cheerful lyricism, in which the little star "fell" symbolized the appearance of the named from the family. Tsey image (order with іnshim: "Light up the month, light up the clear ...") they started dancing with dancing songs, and for the most part - tied with folk dance parts.
In general, it is possible that the composition of the stanza depends on the closing of the word and the formal completion of the part.
FOLKLORE OF ROBOTS
Folklore of working people (p